ライフサイエンスコーパス: phosphene

1 nterpreted by the brain as visual percepts ('phosphenes').

2 visual cortex can produce a visual percept (phosphene).

3 cific fashion and induce visual experiences (phosphenes).

4 of tissue that supports the perception of a phosphene.

5 ortex results in a visual percept known as a phosphene.

6 power (but not phase) predicted parietal TMS phosphenes.

7 ced non-face-related visual changes, such as phosphenes.

8 ack by rating the brightness and size of the phosphenes.

9 ing a smaller effect on the size of elicited phosphenes.

10 ly increased both the size and brightness of phosphenes.

11 d with a 10 x 10 array of 1 degrees diameter phosphenes.

12 to produce illusory visual percepts, called phosphenes.

13 ex can give rise to visual sensations called phosphenes.

14 ecisely control the appearance of individual phosphenes.

15 ency to the expected site of perception of a phosphene, a subthreshold transcranial magnetic stimulat

16 be capable of producing equivalently bright phosphenes across an entire array.

17 luminance should produce equivalently bright phosphenes across the entire electrode array.

18 ry, on single trials, with the perception of phosphenes after occipital and parietal TMS.

19 rally decreased the thresholds for detecting phosphene and perceiving low-contrast stimuli, indicatin

20 ded visual motion perception when the evoked phosphene and the visual stimulus overlapped in time and

21 agnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to elicit phosphenes and to suppress the perception of briefly pre

22 lushing, sweating, warmth, coldness, nausea, phosphenes, and fear-were recorded and catalogued across

23 Dizziness, nystagmus, phosphenes, and head ringing were related to the strengt

24 ferent effects on the size and brightness of phosphene appearance.

25 Perceived phosphene brightness declined over time, as reflected in

26 Phosphene brightness was controlled by amplitude tuning,

27 e test subject not only was able to perceive phosphenes, but also could perform visual tasks at rates

28 ization may limit the perception of multiple phosphenes by blind prosthesis recipients.

29 be an important feature of the production of phosphenes by electrical stimulation: phosphene size sat

30 Although phosphenes can be evoked by a wide range of electrode si

31 If distinct phosphenes can be perceived, these results suggest that

32 mulation parameters and temporal dynamics on phosphene characteristics are incorporated.

33 here is a wide intersubject variation in the phosphene characteristics.

34 Stimulation thresholds for detecting phosphenes correlated with the distance of the electrode

35 The TMS intensity required to elicit phosphenes correlated with the size of the tilt aftereff

36 Phosphenes created by single-electrode stimuli can also

37 ere, brain imaging and transcranial magnetic phosphene data show that lower resting activity and exci

38 cibility and characteristics of the elicited phosphenes, despite using the same stimulating parameter

39 individual differences in image processing, phosphene distribution and rehabilitation programs that

40 to explain preferential reports of 'bright' phosphenes during earlier clinical trials.

41 gradient-based computational optimization of phosphene encoding models.

42 Phosphenes for each subject were consistently reproducib

43 t (a pattern of localized light flashes, or 'phosphenes') has limited resolution, and a great portion

44 ditioning stimulus (CS) was applied over the phosphene hotspot of the visual cortex, followed by a te

45 We tested this phosphene hypothesis in the SC by comparing the effect o

46 me SC stimulation improved performance; if a phosphene improved performance at this time, a real cue

47 ng-term repeatilibity and reproducibility of phosphenes in subjects chronically implanted with the Ar

48 Two subjects depicted phosphenes in the same hemifield as the expected locatio

49 Four subjects drew phosphenes in the same visual field quadrant, as predict

50 ther the location of photopsias (spontaneous phosphenes) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is related to t

51 are immune to saccadic suppression, whereas phosphenes induced by retinal stimulation are not, thus

52 low-level visual cortex excitability (i.e., phosphene induction) and perception, respectively.

53 Our experiments provide evidence that a phosphene is not responsible for the shift of attention

54 Based on phosphene mapping, TMS double pulses were applied at one

55 Each subject depicted phosphenes of consistent shapes and sizes, and reported

56 ; TMS of occipital cortex can produce visual phosphenes or scotomas.

57 periment, TMS-trials reproduced the cyclical phosphene pattern and revealed a ~10 Hz pattern also for

58 These correlates of phosphene perception closely resemble known electrophysi

59 Phosphene perception occurred only if stimulation evoked

60 In a first, TMS-only experiment, phosphene perception rate against time postsound showed

61 rential pattern of prestimulus predictors of phosphene perception suggests that distinct frequencies

62 Accompanying phosphene perception was also reported.

63 TMS-evoked responses related to phosphene perception were similar across stimulation sit

64 G) and/or probed visual cortex excitability (phosphene perception) through occipital transcranial mag

65 voked activity, revealing the time course of phosphene perception.

66 To achieve this, the brightness of phosphenes produced by an individual electrode should sc

67 n fibers accounts for the rich repertoire of phosphene shape commonly reported in psychophysical expe

68 sent a biologically plausible, PyTorch-based phosphene simulator that can run in real-time and uses d

69 Phosphene size also depended on the location of the stim

70 This simple model accurately predicted phosphene size for a broad range of stimulation currents

71 Phosphene size increased as the stimulation current was

72 ion of phosphenes by electrical stimulation: phosphene size saturates at a relatively low current lev

73 We developed a model relating phosphene size to the amount of activated cortex and its

74 ual cortex of 13 human subjects who reported phosphene size while stimulation current was varied.

75 le models could predict retinal activity and phosphene size.

76 The unexpected saturation in phosphene sizes suggests that the functional architectur

77 Here we show that phosphenes--small illusory visual perceptions--induced b

78 With 2000 simulated phosphenes, subjects (n = 23) were immediately able to r

79 ght be producing an internal visual flash or phosphene that attracts attention as a real flash would.

80 rent implant users perceive highly distorted phosphenes that vary in shape both across subjects and e

81 STATEMENT Understanding the neural basis for phosphenes, the visual percepts created by electrical st

82 e show that synesthetes display 3-fold lower phosphene thresholds than controls during stimulation of

83 on of a thalamic visual prosthesis with 1000 phosphenes to watch 23 episodes of classic American tele

84 Use of the Proview phosphene tonometer appears to decrease patient anxiety

85 tonometry, rebound tonometry and the Proview phosphene tonometer.

86 Perceived phosphenes were depicted relative to subjective visual f

87 Electrically elicited phosphenes were present 10 years after implantation of a

88 S intensity was needed to elicit a conscious phosphene when its apparent spatial location was attende

89 d to measure both the brightness and size of phosphenes when the biphasic pulse train was varied by e

90 lpha band (8-13 Hz), predicted occipital TMS phosphenes, whereas higher-frequency beta-band (13-20 Hz

91 excitability predicted perceptual outcomes (phosphenes), which were manifest in both early and late

92 ults in the percept of color of the elicited phosphenes, which depends on the frequency of stimulatio

93 the positions of potentially several hundred phosphenes, which may require repetition if electrode pe

94 ith electrical stimulation of visual cortex (phosphenes) will combine into coherent percepts of visua