ライフサイエンスコーパス: picomolar

1 y approximately 1000-fold (from nanomolar to picomolar).

2 or reaches concentration detection as low as picomolar.

3 1000 copies of wild-type KRAS oncogene at 30 picomolar.

4 affinities ranging from low nanomolar to mid-picomolar.

5 d peptidocryptophane detection limits at low-picomolar (10(-11) M) concentration, which compares favo

6 in vivo with short hippocampal infusions of picomolar Abeta enhancing contextual memory and prolonge

7 The mechanism of action of picomolar Abeta(42) on both synaptic plasticity and memo

8 nAChR) as one possible functional target for picomolar Abeta.

9 of the catechol diether compound series have picomolar activity against HIV strains with wild-type RT

10 The new 2-Cl-6-F-S-DABOs showed up to picomolar activity against wt HIV-1.

11 ng studies helped to identify compounds with picomolar activity.

12 y specific to the human IL-23 cytokine, with picomolar activity.

13 ovided ultrapotent inhibitor 38 (DH376) with picomolar activity.

14 4m) were discovered, which display two-digit picomolar affinities with K(i) values from 0.069 to 0.08

15 antibodies bind primate and human DKK-1 with picomolar affinities yet do not appreciably bind to DKK2

16 This correlates with picomolar affinities, increased residence times and an a

17 Compound 42 binds to Mcl-1 with picomolar affinity and inhibited growth of Mcl-1-depende

18 In membrane homogenates, AMC20: demonstrated picomolar affinity at D(2)RHigh (mean inhibition constan

19 c acid 3-cyano-propyl ester (AM7438), showed picomolar affinity for CB receptors and is deactivated b

20 nt proteinaceous inhibitor that exhibits low picomolar affinity for class A beta-lactamases.

21 , whose attachment envelope glycoprotein has picomolar affinity for ephrinB2, a molecule proposed as

22 irectly have faced difficulties owing to its picomolar affinity for GTP/GDP and the absence of known

23 ative inhibition revealed that DMBT1(S8) has picomolar affinity for Siglec-8.

24 Further, we show that Ca(2+)/CaM has a sub-picomolar affinity for the IQ domain that is achieved wi

25 045 is a peptide analog of somatostatin with picomolar affinity for the somatostatin receptor subtype

26 ociated epitope-specific monoclonal TCR with picomolar affinity fused to a humanized cluster of diffe

27 e protein-protein interface is vital for the picomolar affinity of LDI to LD as assessed by analysis

28 present the nanobody hC4Nb8 that binds with picomolar affinity to human C4b and potently inhibits in

29 in tightens MG binding over 1000-fold to low picomolar affinity without altering the large binding en

30 ected against nerve growth factor binds with picomolar affinity, but undergoes reversible self-associ

31 P, bound a proteolytically remodeled GP with picomolar affinity, suggesting that engineered ebolaviru

32 l protein called BINDI that binds BHRF1 with picomolar affinity.

33 cod (designated TFD100) that binds gal3 with picomolar affinity.

34 antibodies bound the cancer cells with high picomolar affinity.

35 and bind selectively to prefusion RSV F with picomolar affinity.

36 PDE8A binds to Raf-1 with high (picomolar) affinity.

37 ivo after intrahippocampal administration of picomolar amounts of oAbeta(42) These effects were prese

38 sms underlying the neuromodulatory action of picomolar amounts of oligomeric Abeta(42) (oAbeta(42)) o

39 on, resulting in limits of quantification of picomolar amounts of Trolox and nanogram amounts of DOM

40 were successfully conducted at nanomolar and picomolar analyte concentrations.

41 ory concentration (IC(50)) values between 24 picomolar and 35 nanomolar.

42 he detection limits were brought down to the picomolar and femtomolar concentration levels with satis

43 8, 31) had k(i) to CRF receptors in the high picomolar and low nanomole ranges, respectively.

44 the first thumb pocket 2 NS5B inhibitor with picomolar antiviral potency in genotype (gt) 1a and 1b r

45 inds the series of bivalent ligands with low picomolar avidities (K(d)(avidity) = 3-40 pM).

46 showed outstanding target-cell affinity with picomolar avidities and were able to selectively identif

47 In particular, picomolar beta-amyloid was found to have an agonist-like

48 = 67 x 10(6) M(-1) min(-1)), endowed with a picomolar binding affinity (Ki = 38 pM), coupled with a

49 However, the strong picomolar binding affinity between GAS6 and AXL and the

50 hR ligands that display high selectivity and picomolar binding affinity for alpha4beta2 nicotinic rec

51 cystine knot (knottin) miniproteins with low-picomolar binding affinity to tumor cells.

52 pecifically coordinating one Cu(II) ion with picomolar binding affinity.

53 This work yielded new peptide leads with picomolar binding constants to FZD7 as measured by bioph

54 f the antibody-antigen interactions with low picomolar binding constants, 2 orders of magnitude lower

55 covalent virtual screening to produce nano-/picomolar boronic acid inhibitors of the carboxylesteras

56 rmed to a series of very potent nanomolar to picomolar catechol diethers.

57 and sensitive (between low nanomolar and mid-picomolar) colorimetric detection of proteases and antib

58 The size of the liposomes and their picomolar concentration are also determined in biologica

59 vative (TAAC) was indirectly detected at 1.4 picomolar concentration at 320 K in aqueous solution, wh

60 and C-peptide with high specificity and with picomolar concentration detection limits in times as sho

61 r-AuNPs was enhanced even in the presence of picomolar concentration of melamine.

62 effect enables Abeta to polymerize within a picomolar concentration range that is close to the physi

63 hly potent gene silencers, with EC50s in the picomolar concentration range, demonstrating that Dicer

64 heory with a Limit of Detection (LOD) in the picomolar concentration range.

65 ET) biosensor, with a detection limit in the picomolar concentration range.

66 s in certain regions of the brain at or near picomolar concentration, rising in level during the prod

67 enables chemically amplified GV detection at picomolar concentrations (a 100- to 10,000-fold improvem

68 Both ADCs showed potency at picomolar concentrations against a panel of GPC3-positiv

69 GS-6207 exhibits antiviral activity at picomolar concentrations against all subtypes of HIV-1 t

70 ular organisms, Sgs1 is remarkably active at picomolar concentrations and can efficiently unwind dupl

71 a cells and patient-derived myeloma cells at picomolar concentrations and results in complete depleti

72 current were linear from 10 pM to 1 muM and picomolar concentrations could be detected without the n

73 -effective sensing systems to detect ZIKV at picomolar concentrations in biofluids would be a breakth

74 ction of three protein cancer markers at low picomolar concentrations in buffer and 10% serum was dem

75 presence of effector cells at as low as sub-picomolar concentrations in vitro.

76 ry, the high size resolution of complexes at picomolar concentrations obtained with SV offers a disti

77 in and Cd2+(7)-MT toxicity were prevented by picomolar concentrations of 24p3.

78 Here we show that low picomolar concentrations of a preparation containing bot

79 ted normal electrophysiological responses to picomolar concentrations of Abeta, suggesting that reduc

80 Picomolar concentrations of Abeta42 oligomers could be o

81 It is a remarkable finding that picomolar concentrations of aminocyclitols are sufficien

82 Using this method, we were able to analyze picomolar concentrations of analytes contained within pi

83 e detected directly in blood plasma, even at picomolar concentrations of antibody.

84 surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), of picomolar concentrations of biomarkers for TBI in bioflu

85 nodulating Bradyrhizobium strain responds to picomolar concentrations of cinnamoyl-HSL and thus, prod

86 eceptor (EGFR) with GFP and demonstrate that picomolar concentrations of EGFR ligand drive signaling

87 nd volcanic soils, persist by scavenging the picomolar concentrations of H2 distributed throughout th

88 The method is rapid and sensitive: picomolar concentrations of HIV-1 protease could be dete

89 Here, we demonstrate that picomolar concentrations of ImmTAV-Env can redirect T ce

90 nanotube forest arrays capable of detecting picomolar concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG) using

91 and photoacoustic tomography (PAT) to detect picomolar concentrations of nanoparticles.

92 cAMP following receptor stimulation with sub-picomolar concentrations of peptide.

93 eceptors, including one that is sensitive to picomolar concentrations of strigolactone.

94 hybridization are sensitive and convenient--picomolar concentrations of target DNA are readily detec

95 sured in situ within 24 h in the presence of picomolar concentrations of tau seeds.

96 Picomolar concentrations of testosterone resulted in ful

97 Applications of picomolar concentrations of testosterone to the primary

98 the optimal pressure differential allows for picomolar concentrations of the cleaved form of synaptos

99 Both receptors specifically responded to picomolar concentrations of the genuine flg22 ligand but

100 ity substrate for Msp that is able to detect picomolar concentrations of the purified enzyme.

101 lar range in contrast to previously reported picomolar concentrations of these compounds in bulk seaw

102 The observed levels of this NO2-FA at picomolar concentrations suggested its role as a signali

103 ves and inactivates intracellular RAS at low picomolar concentrations terminating downstream signalin

104 role for the neurosteroid PregS that acts at picomolar concentrations to intensify the intracellular

105 formed from a Vibrio cholerae DNA target at picomolar concentrations using a novel optomagnetic appr

106 ow-molecular-weight (244 Da) biomolecules at picomolar concentrations using a standard affinity model

107 electrodes for sensitive sample analysis at picomolar concentrations with a three-fold quantitative

108 ed neural APP production in SH-SY5Y cells at picomolar concentrations without affecting viability or

109 nsitivity toward allowing detection of MP at picomolar concentrations without any cross-reactivity ag

110 rostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), at picomolar concentrations without the use of antibodies,

111 n-nano-particles are capable of blocking (at picomolar concentrations) a model of the infection of T-

112 ction of biomolecules with high sensitivity (picomolar concentrations).

113 er is increased, decreases soluble Mo to low picomolar concentrations, a process proposed to mimic en

114 orescence excitation at 488 or 561 nm at low picomolar concentrations, allowing for the study of high

115 lizing 100% of the 118 viruses tested at low picomolar concentrations, including viruses resistant to

116 pal neurons following exposure to Abeta42 at picomolar concentrations, mimicking its physiological le

117 At nano- and picomolar concentrations, the new tacrine-4-oxo-4H-chrom

118 However, at picomolar concentrations, the peptide is needed to ensur

119 nfines of that synapse, and to exist only in picomolar concentrations.

120 reaches near 100% transduction efficiency at picomolar concentrations.

121 cultured cancer cell lines at low nanomolar-picomolar concentrations.

122 enic BPL xenograft cells, even at femtomolar-picomolar concentrations.

123 cient sensitivity for binding studies at low picomolar concentrations.

124 y killed HER2-expressing cancer cells at low picomolar concentrations.

125 namic resolution of protein complexes at low picomolar concentrations.

126 ibute to the ability of VCC to lyse cells at picomolar concentrations.

127 4, 18, and 22 showed significant activity at picomolar concentrations.

128 a virulence trait under the control of QS-at picomolar concentrations.

129 r-cell mediated cytotoxicity was observed at picomolar concentrations.

130 wild-type and mutant K9 protein synthesis at picomolar concentrations.

131 cytotoxic against MUC1+ cancer cells at low picomolar concentrations.

132 roteins with their ligands to be measured at picomolar concentrations.

133 -cyprinol sulfate inducing DVM in Daphnia at picomolar concentrations.

134 of cultured human cancer cells at nanomolar-picomolar concentrations; however, the mechanism respons

135 range from nano- to micromolar [Cu(II)], and picomolar [Cu(I)].

136 new polytheonamide-type compounds with near-picomolar cytotoxicity.

137 state specific antigen in aqueous buffer and picomolar detection for IgG in plasma and diluted blood

138 With this approach, a sub-picomolar detection limit can be achieved within 40 min

139 ucleic acid detection but are limited to the picomolar detection limit without an amplification step.

140 We discriminated at picomolar detection limits (<7 pM) "perfect-match" from

141 Achieving sub-picomolar detection limits has three major challenges: (

142 ty of the probes on the surface provided low-picomolar detection limits while utilizing small 10 muL

143 ic aromatic hydrocarbons) with nanomolar and picomolar detection limits.

144 evelopment of bioanalytical sensors with sub-picomolar detection limits.

145 ometric trace that allowed for the selective picomolar determination of redox enzymes.

146 or the 16S ribosomal RNA, characterized by a picomolar dissociation constant that is approximately 26

147 on constant with stoichiometric nickel and a picomolar dissociation constant with excess nickel.

148 onclude that transition-state analogues with picomolar dissociation constants exhibit long lifetimes

149 e hypothesis that engineered antibodies with picomolar dissociation constants for a neutralizing epit

150 isothermal titration calorimetry, reveal low picomolar dissociation constants for both analogues with

151 Transition-state analogs with picomolar dissociation constants have been achieved for

152 ous laser irradiation for 5 h); thus, only a picomolar dose is required for sentinel LNs detection.

153 nd 38 (ABT-267), provided compounds with low-picomolar EC50 values and superior pharmacokinetics.

154 fector human memory T cells (subnanomolar to picomolar EC50 values).

155 les of the series also showed a nanomolar to picomolar efficacy against patient-derived GBM stem-like

156 novel, highly selective CatS inhibitors with picomolar enzymatic Ki values and nanomolar functional a

157 l PDE4 inhibitors to reach compounds down to picomolar enzymatic potencies while at the same time tac

158 somes in 50 muL) for intact exosomes and 3-5 picomolar for internal exosomal syntenin levels with alm

159 Picomolar free Zn(2+) concentrations potentiate RyR2 res

160 ve Kv1.3 antagonist (>1000x over Kv1.1) with picomolar functional activity in whole blood and a pharm

161 dependent, as might be expected, the use of picomolar GLP-1 reveals a new and important mechanism th

162 ibitor of the HCV NS5A protein that exhibits picomolar half-maximum effective concentrations (EC(50))

163 fers selective and reproducible detection of picomolar I and millimolar G concentrations in a single

164 rovided a novel series of compounds reaching picomolar IC(50) inhibition in WNT/beta-catenin signalin

165 t all four of the AgrC receptors (I-IV) with picomolar IC50 values in reporter strains.

166 e TNFalpha signal varies substantially, from picomolar in the blood plasma of healthy organisms to na

167 The most potent, compound 3, had a picomolar inhibition constant versus BChE due to strong

168 selected derivatives display subnanomolar or picomolar inhibition constants and high selectivity for

169 hibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum b

170 d 4-hydroxyproline derivative 4, a selective picomolar inhibitor of MMP-13, the radiolabeled counterp

171 tion, aided by X-ray crystallography, led to picomolar inhibitors of both Streptococcus pneumoniae an

172 -790052) is the clinical lead for a class of picomolar inhibitors of HCV replication.

173 xy-9-methylene Immucillin-H (DADMe-ImmH) are picomolar inhibitors of human purine nucleoside phosphor

174 aals interactions distinguish nanomolar from picomolar inhibitors.

175 e aptamers selected against stx1 & stx2 with picomolar K(d) (~47 pM & ~29 pM, respectively) were succ

176 affinity of protein-antibody complexes with picomolar KD values.

177 r selective detection of ampicillin (AMP) at picomolar level based on 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxyli

178 analysis of total dissolved iron at the low picomolar level in oceanic waters suitable for onboard a

179 aled that tightly binding inhibitors (at the picomolar level of affinity) appear to "lock" into the p

180 ion of glycoside hydrolase activities at the picomolar level using quartz-crystal microbalance with d

181 permits absolute ferritin determination at a picomolar level with good precision (below 5%) and accur

182 s used to optimize its binding affinity to a picomolar level, and X-ray co-crystal structures of two

183 e, with the limit of detection values in the picomolar level.

184 ive measurements of HNO concentration at the picomolar level.

185 isticated operation steps and unsatisfactory picomolar-level detection limits.

186 near RCA is restricted by its unsatisfactory picomolar-level limit of detection (LOD).

187 d to quantify binding affinities in vitro at picomolar levels and perform pharmaceutical fragment scr

188 electrochemical detection of NPY and OXA at picomolar levels from subnanoliter samples, with suffici

189 amplification for PQQ detection down to the picomolar levels is well-predicted.

190 onic retina explant system, we observed that picomolar levels of a recombinant self-MHC I molecule in

191 In the current study, the effect of picomolar levels of CCL2 on the autoimmune inflammatory

192 We previously demonstrated that picomolar levels of CCL2 strongly restrict the developme

193 tem cells become neuron-like when exposed to picomolar levels of MIF, suggesting the general importan

194 The detection of picomolar levels of serum insulin binding to the surface

195 nsitivity required to track AAVs injected at picomolar levels, a unique multichelator construct label

196 -resistant H275Y strain, at low nanomolar to picomolar levels, and significantly protect mice from in

197 ing affinity >2,000-fold, from micromolar to picomolar levels.

198 e interface consequently lowering the LDL to picomolar levels.

199 otency of infection inhibition to impressive picomolar levels.

200 f self-assembled monolayer formation rate at picomolar levels.

201 products (TEACOPs), which are active at low picomolar levels.

202 lts for both biomarkers were assays with low picomolar limits of detection.

203 of all the metalloconjugates are in the high picomolar-low nanomolar range, and these are the most af

204 yclopropanecarboxylic acid (AZD9898) (36), a picomolar LTC4S inhibitor (IC(50) = 0.28 nM) with high l

205 steine-rich binding sites with nanomolar and picomolar metal affinity utilizing iodoacetamide (IAM) a

206 lin-2-yl)methyl]propionamide (UCM1014), with picomolar MT2 binding affinity (K(i) = 0.001 nM), more t

207 t compounds (12d,e and 13c) showing similar (picomolar/nanomolar) anti-HIV-1 potency as the correspon

208 on binding curves of single 220 nm HNPs from picomolar nanoparticle solutions onto hydrophobic alkane

209 -tri, with femtomolar affinity for Spike and picomolar neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

210 nically relevant detection limits in the low picomolar (ng/mL) concentration range for all five marke

211 face, has been used to deliver physiological picomolar oligomer concentrations to primary astrocytes

212 is present in human plasma at trace levels (picomolar or nanograms per milliliter).

213 ate envelope, regardless of whether they are picomolar or nanomolar, have flatter profiles with respe

214 Transition-state analogues of PNP bind with picomolar (pm) dissociation constants.

215 ndicated favorable simultaneous detection of picomolar (pM) insulin and nanomolar (nM) cortisol conce

216 achieving limits of detection (LODs) in the picoMolar (pM) range.

217 cribed so far, with in vitro activity in the picomolar (pM) to low nanomolar (nM) range.

218 tion site (LacO) in vitro with a Kd about 10 picomolar (pM), it is often assumed that LacI also has h

219 to the identification of compounds with low picomolar potencies against certain cancer cell lines.

220 number of its simpler analogues endowed with picomolar potencies against certain cancer cell lines.

221 ss of noncovalent proteasome inhibitors with picomolar potencies and 1000-fold selectivity for i-20S

222 n A mAb PA-50 and antitoxin B mAb PA-41 have picomolar potencies in vitro and bind to novel regions o

223 hnologies, some of these compounds exhibited picomolar potencies that qualify them as payloads for an

224 3 pM), which is the first G9a inhibitor with picomolar potency and the most potent G9a inhibitor to d

225 hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A inhibitors with picomolar potency containing 2-pyrrolidin-2-yl-5-{4-[4-(

226 its hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication with picomolar potency in preclinical assays.

227 ural homology to BLIP and is a femtomolar to picomolar potency inhibitor, and the amino acid determin

228 Among these, matriptase activated Par2 with picomolar potency, and hepsin and prostasin activated ma

229 Low picomolar PregS similarly activates cAMP response elemen

230 l respiratory transition, is present in only picomolar quantities in tracheal aspirate samples and di

231 H]38 revealed a dissociation constant in the picomolar range (Kd 0.044 nM, SK-N-MC cells) and very hi

232 4Abu], with an affinity for Kv1.3 in the low picomolar range and a selectivity of more than 2,000-fol

233 ivalent ligands show binding affinity in the picomolar range for cells coexpressing both GPCRs and un

234 responsible for inhibitory constants in the picomolar range for some members of the M14A subfamily o

235 -ICP-sfMS system has detection limits in the picomolar range in protein buffer, limited by the maxima

236 uilibrium dissociation constants (KD) in the picomolar range is of significant interest in many field

237 pes A and B and anthrax lethal factor in the picomolar range was demonstrated with a limit of detecti

238 brium binding constants in the micromolar to picomolar range were obtained for small- and large-molec

239 Several analogues of HpMTAN bind in the picomolar range while inhibiting human MTAP with orders

240 peptide that maintained efficacy (within the picomolar range) in live cells similar to that of the 3L

241 titive, reversible and tight binding to FXa (picomolar range).

242 ) in a highly diluted water solution (in the picomolar range).

243 issociation constants up to the single-digit picomolar range, equivalent to those of high-affinity Ig

244 etection (LOD) of such microarrays is in the picomolar range, making it a promising system for develo

245 il increased from the nanomolar range to the picomolar range, providing evidence for the presence of

246 odies was improved up to 100-fold to the low picomolar range, suitable for in vivo studies.

247 With an IC50 in the high picomolar range, the apparent affinity is higher than kn

248 ic PaParD antitoxin with a K(D) in the lower picomolar range, yielding a heterotetramer.

249 tion, at concentrations in the nanomolar and picomolar range.

250 ith inhibition constants in the single-digit picomolar range.

251 an cells, with 50% neutralization in the low picomolar range.

252 rone directly activates TRPM8 channel at low picomolar range.

253 s do increase the binding affinity up to the picomolar range.

254 yline and moclobemide, with Ki values on the picomolar range.

255 strong inhibitor of trypsin with K(i) in the picomolar range.

256 -8)M) with a very low detection limit in the picomolar range.

257 are the most potent with K(i) values in the picomolar range.

258 , with IC(50) values in the low nanomolar to picomolar range.

259 with inhibition constants (K(i) ) in the low picomolar range.

260 tion, showing an outstanding activity in the picomolar range.

261 E2-Ig variant that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 at picomolar range.

262 , whereas the clinical requirement is in the picomolar range.

263 btilase SBT4.13 with Kd and Ki values in the picomolar range.

264 ppression leading to detection limits in the picomolar-range.

265 omparable Kd values in the sub-nanomolar and picomolar ranges.

266 igh-throughput method for making SNAs at the picomolar scale in a 384-well format, and used a mass sp

267 ve preclinical imaging technique that offers picomolar sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities to t

268 ccharide (dextran) immobilized on SWNTs with picomolar sensitivity and selectivity over other sugars

269 ontinuously and simultaneously measured with picomolar sensitivity and sub-second resolution via the

270 cted by all three modalities with at least a picomolar sensitivity both in vitro and in living mice.

271 In addition, this system displays picomolar sensitivity for these ions, with an added abil

272 biomarker measurements in complex media with picomolar sensitivity presents a large challenge to dise

273 It combines picomolar sensitivity with high hydrodynamic resolution,

274 nation of the sample, can be determined with picomolar sensitivity.

275 (FERS) for chemical selective analysis with picomolar sensitivity.

276 G serotypes in real time with femtomolar to picomolar sensitivity.

277 of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha with picomolar sensitivity.

278 (HPV-16) and parvovirus B19 (PB-19), with a picomolar sensitivity.

279 nsistors (MOSFETs) to achieve label-free sub-picomolar target protein detection.

280 ange of dissociation constants (nanomolar to picomolar) that is typical of those encountered in molec

281 nd the RBD, with affinities ranging from 100 picomolar to 10 nanomolar, and blocked SARS-CoV-2 infect

282 ling ligands with potencies ranging from 470 picomolar to 6 micromolar.

283 We discovered Nbs with picomolar to femtomolar affinities that inhibit viral in

284 n, each inhibitor binds its target with high picomolar to low nanomolar affinity and at least 300-fol

285 iple, we generated DNA aptamers that exhibit picomolar to low nanomolar affinity in human serum for t

286 HIV broadly neutralizing antibody 2G12 with picomolar to low nanomolar affinity.

287 had antiproliferative activities in the high picomolar to low nanomolar range and caused apoptosis an

288 generate knob domains with affinities in the picomolar to low nanomolar range, orders of magnitude hi

289 X1 and NCX2 activities with an EC(50) in the picomolar to low nanomolar range, whereas it did not aff

290 ermined for PTB biomarkers to be in the high picomolar to low nanomolar range.

291 Picomolar to micromolar concentrations of ascr#18, the m

292 I (40 pM) in the presence of Abeta peptides (picomolar to micromolar range).

293 with dissociation equilibrium constants from picomolar to micromolar.

294 of gramicidin pores to sense the activity of picomolar to nanomolar concentrations of membrane-active

295 Changes in QD PL caused by the activity of picomolar to nanomolar concentrations of protease were d

296 diate NCP states and enables measurements at picomolar to nanomolar NCP concentrations where dissocia

297 in-A (MTDIA), an orally available, nontoxic, picomolar transition state analogue.

298 achieved high intracellular delivery even at picomolar treatment concentrations; untargeted HPMA copo

299 , but greatly delayed, channel activation by picomolar Vx-770 identifies multiple sequential slow ste

300 as an ultra-trace detection limit equal to 5 picomolar was obtained for the sensor.