ライフサイエンスコーパス: plastid

1 synthase accepting a novel substrate in the plastid.

2 al for proper biogenesis and function of the plastid.

3 origins of parasitism and non-photosynthetic plastids.

4 multi-subunit complexes in mitochondria and plastids.

5 d predominantly via the arogenate pathway in plastids.

6 ble to convert kleptoplastids into permanent plastids.

7 f gr2 null mutants is caused specifically in plastids.

8 CaM or CaM-like proteins were identified in plastids.

9 additional compartment, and 520 outside the plastid), 122 proteins awaiting biochemical/genetic char

10 iewed proteins (559 localized exclusively in plastids, 68 in at least one additional compartment, and

11 the biogenesis of 50S ribosomal subunits in plastids, a role that presumably evolved in the green li

12 s of nucleotide substitution rates of diatom plastids across the entire suite of plastome protein-cod

13 the specialized genomes of mitochondria and plastids, all genetic information is sequestered within

14 The present plastid analysis discovered the same major clades as the

15 alactolipid, MGDG, is assembled through both plastid and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathways in Arabi

16 hat RSD has retained its ancestral secondary plastid and has partitioned functions between this plast

17 Phylogenetic analysis of plastid and mitochondrial genes demonstrated that the th

18 inhibitors, and compare the distribution of plastid and mitochondrial peptidases to the total peptid

19 The considerably larger plastid and nuclear data sets add phylogenetic resolutio

20 hysiology, metabolism, and expression of the plastid and nuclear genomes is poorly understood.

21 Using eight plastid and nuclear ribosomal markers, we built a phylog

22 comparison of protein intensities across the plastid and the enriched membrane fraction under both no

23 d and has partitioned functions between this plastid and the kleptoplast.

24 ting enzymes, ACETYL-COA SYNTHETASE (ACS) in plastids and ACETATE NON-UTILIZING1 (ACN1) in peroxisome

25 glycerols are the major structural lipids of plastids and also predominate in extracts of whole mixot

26 tial (E(GSH) ) is maintained in the cytosol, plastids and mitochondria of plant cells to support fund

27 ate from the DNA-containing cell organelles (plastids and mitochondria) and control the expression of

28 osphoadenosine 5'-phosphate) degradation (in plastids and mitochondria) requires organellar transport

29 ata demonstrate that GR2 is dual-targeted to plastids and mitochondria, but embryo lethality of gr2 n

30 sis, GR2 is predicted to be dual-targeted to plastids and mitochondria, but its differential roles in

31 which unlike PAPST1 is targeted to both the plastids and mitochondria.

32 exchange of isoprenoid intermediates between plastids and peroxisomes.

33 stigated whether GPT1 may dually localize to plastids and peroxisomes.

34 s suggest that GPT1 is indispensable in both plastids and peroxisomes.

35 NCP is dual-targeted to plastids and the nucleus.

36 rganellar reference genome (mitochondrial or plastid) and a nuclear reference genome.

37 rallels and contrasts with other organelles (plastids) and bacterial endosymbionts that arose more re

38 ion of E. gracilis strain Z mitochondria and plastids, and of plastid subfractions (thylakoids and en

39 or tissue-specific regulation of import into plastids, and subsequent modulation of plastid proteomes

40 indings reveal the framework of a nucleus-to-plastid anterograde signaling pathway by which phytochro

41 uniparental inheritance of mitochondria and plastids, anti-cancer mechanisms, reciprocation and puni

42 In eugregarines, however, plastids are either abnormally reduced or absent, thus i

43 Plastids are morphologically and functionally diverse or

44 tal inheritance (when two similarly "strong" plastids are transmitted).

45 stinct suborganelle localization of BADC1 in plastids as compared to the localization of the other tw

46 The Euglena plastid, as the product of many genomes, combines novel

47 We identified the plastid ascorbate peroxidase (cpAPX) genes across angios

48 a mutated form is predominantly targeted to plastids at the expense of its cytosolic location.

49 ntrolling the abundance of phyB, positioning plastids at the information apex directing adaptive resp

50 This work positions plastids at the zenith of relaying information coordinat

51 In this study, we have expressed soybean plastid ATP sulfurylase isoform 1 in transgenic soybean

52 Some plastid barcoding markers co-amplified the conserved MTP

53 lar pathways governing the life of secondary plastid-bearing organisms in aquatic environments.

54 ent and yet their regulatory function during plastid biogenesis remains enigmatic.

55 Mitochondrial and plastid biogenesis requires the biosynthesis and assembl

56 ell as by PHY-mediated signalling and proper plastid biogenesis.

57 ClpS) demonstrated its essential function in plastid biogenesis.

58 ut proteomics will uncover unique aspects of plastid biology and shed light on how the plastid proteo

59 Arabidopsis thaliana), preventing its use in plastid biology.

60 Euglena gracilis harbours secondary green plastids, but an incompletely characterised proteome pre

61 In reporter fusions, GPT2 localized to plastids, but GPT1 also localized to the endoplasmic ret

62 hes were used to regulate gene expression in plastids, but the application of synthetic riboswitches

63 confirmed their subcellular location in the plastid by fluorescence microscopy.

64 that ARC3 is recruited to the middle of the plastid by the inner envelope membrane protein PARALOG O

65 Plasmodium falciparum, contains an essential plastid called the apicoplast.

66 Interesting differences in plastid carotenoid-accumulating sub-structures as a func

67 ships have yielded the mitochondrion and the plastid (chloroplast) - the ancient organelles that in p

68 Virtually all plastid (chloroplast) genomes are circular double-strand

69 forms a separate thiol-reduction cascade in plastids, combining both NADPH-thioredoxin reductase and

70 fine the mode of chloroplast inheritance, as plastid competitiveness can result in uniparental inheri

71 Carotenoids are a core plastid component and yet their regulatory function duri

72 known to possess evolutionarily intermediate plastids derived from diatoms.

73 ted to dinoflagellates with fully integrated plastids derived from different haptophytes.

74 ms of nuclear gene expression in response to plastid-derived retrograde signals.

75 thetic control over gene expression.Multiple plastid-derived signals have been proposed but not shown

76 , optimizing the protein import apparatus of plastids, designated as the translocon at the outer and

77 d PLB formation in det1, thereby controlling plastid development.

78 Plastids differentiate into various functional types (ch

79 verexpression of the plastid division factor PLASTID DIVISION 1 greatly enhances carotenoid accumulat

80 These in turn determine plastid division and/or turnover rates and hence competi

81 Moreover, overexpression of the plastid division factor PLASTID DIVISION 1 greatly enhan

82 ochondrial genomes to generate mitochondrial plastid DNA (MTPT) is known to occur in plants, but its

83 quence data of three nuclear genes and three plastid DNA fragments from 109 accessions of Avena L.

84 add phylogenetic resolution within the prior plastid DNA restriction site data, highlight plastid/nuc

85 cessions using genome-wide nuclear SNPs, and plastid DNA restriction site data.

86 Our paper analyzes full plastid DNA sequence data of 202 wild and cultivated dip

87 ughout the mitochondrial and chloroplast (or plastid) DNA (mtDNA and ptDNA, respectively), resulting

88 heritance, preferential transcription of the plastid donor over the other donor has been hypothesized

89 Plants possessing dysfunctional plastids due to defects in pigment biosynthesis or trans

90 es into a complex string-shape alongside the plastids during interphase and these string-shaped nucle

91 RNA-editing efficiency at multiple sites in plastids during retrograde signaling.

92 ytic core of Clp comprises subunits from one plastid-encoded gene (clpP1) and multiple nuclear genes.

93 lants, but it is by far the fastest evolving plastid-encoded gene in some angiosperms.

94 the expression of photosynthesis-associated plastid-encoded genes (PhAPGs) by stimulating the assemb

95 paratus, including photosynthesis-associated plastid-encoded genes (PhAPGs).

96 s known as pTAC12, which associates with the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase, and is essential for ind

97 epeats in the regulatory region of accD (the plastid-encoded subunit of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase, w

98 Plastid endosymbiosis has been a major force in the evol

99 pe organelles, confirming efficient usage in plastid engineering.

100 discuss the origin of the E. gracilis middle plastid envelope based on the lipid composition of envel

101 These data suggest that DEK5 functions in plastid envelope biogenesis to enable transport of metab

102 id synthesis and most likely profiles of the plastid envelope membrane.

103 estion of the origin of E. gracilis's middle plastid envelope.

104 oteins pass through the middle and innermost plastid envelopes of E. gracilis by machinery homologous

105 n assumed that the two innermost E. gracilis plastid envelopes originated from the primary plastid, w

106 nery that may have played important roles in plastid establishment.

107 e, allowing us to conclude that the tempo of plastid evolution in sect.

108 production of WRINKLED1, a key regulator of plastid fatty acid biosynthesis, and a microalgal lipid

109 we have used the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant plastid ferrochelatase two (fc2) that conditionally accu

110 t PIF degradation in the nucleus signals the plastids for PEP assembly and PhAPG expression.

111 ses the outflow of 16:0 fatty acids from the plastid, for subsequent use by RAM2 to produce 16:0 beta

112 Mitochondria and plastids form dynamic, evolving populations physically e

113 o events provide independent perspectives on plastid formation on vastly different timescales.

114 ome precludes accurate understanding of both plastid function and evolutionary history.

115 d locally synthesized subunits, are vital to plastid functionality.

116 eling, indicating a reduced flux through the plastid galactolipid biosynthesis pathway.

117 dicted protease to the utilization of PA for plastid galactolipid biosynthesis potentially revealing

118 (PA) is the first glycerolipid formed by the plastid galactolipid biosynthetic pathway.

119 When combined with mutations that impair plastid gene expression (prors1-1, prpl11-1, prps1-1, pr

120 died their response to interference with the plastid gene expression pathway of retrograde signaling.

121 death in fc2 mutants, specific reductions in plastid gene expression using other mutations was not al

122 Together these results suggest that plastid gene expression, or the expression of specific p

123 n-synonymous substitutions in nuclear versus plastid genes are much higher in mosses than in seed pla

124 ne expression, or the expression of specific plastid genes by PPR30 and mTERF0, is a necessary prereq

125 in complexes are encoded by both nuclear and plastid genes.

126 pression of nucleus-encoded, edited forms of plastid genes.

127 hetic green algae, we generated the complete plastid genome (plastome) and mitochondrial genome (mito

128 The plastid genome (plastome) is highly conserved in autotro

129 inverted repeat (IR) boundary changes in the plastid genome (plastome), nucleotide substitution rates

130 Exceptions to this universal plastid genome architecture are very few and include the

131 otes, and highlights unexpected variation in plastid genome architecture.

132 s shows a predominantly gradual reduction in plastid genome composition and provides the most reduced

133 iciency, will advance the engineering of the plastid genome in Arabidopsis.

134 ion does not have this limitation, since the plastid genome is maternally inherited in most plants, m

135 Here, we present the plastid genome of Polytoma uvella: to our knowledge, the

136 d by extremely rapidly evolving genes in the plastid genome of the evening primrose Oenothera Repeats

137 , this regulation has not been examined at a plastid genome-wide level and for many genes, it is unkn

138 r chromosomes with a uniparentally inherited plastid genome.

139 roduced into the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plastid genome.

140 he reduction in size and gene content of the plastid genome.

141 environmental significance, very few diatom plastid genomes (plastomes) have been sequenced and stud

142 Plastid genomes (plastomes) vary enormously in size and

143 etect nuclear copies, suggesting that linear plastid genomes are not necessarily prone to integration

144 The transfer of ancestral plastid genomes into mitochondrial genomes to generate m

145 of some non-synonymous substitutions between plastid genomes of parental progenitors.

146 Sequence analysis of mitochondrial and plastid genomes revealed genealogical differences both b

147 Complete plastid genomes were assembled and annotated for each of

148 s, it is estimated that 35% of the ancestral plastid genomes were transferred to mitochondrial genome

149 s by extracting sequences from 988 published plastid genomes.

150 cyanobacteria, but 10-fold larger than most plastid genomes.

151 gy that involve the multistep engineering of plastid genomes.

152 r the differences in competitive behavior of plastid genotypes.

153 or the splicing of certain mitochondrial and plastid group II introns.

154 d the Kareniaceae, their tertiary haptophyte plastids have crossed a tipping point to stable integrat

155 a bacterial bioluminescence gene cluster in plastids have not been widely adopted because of low lig

156 to study this process because dinoflagellate plastids have repeatedly been reduced, lost, and replace

157 yotes are also known; cyanobacterium-derived plastids have spread horizontally when one eukaryote ass

158 rameters, sugars, phenolics, carotenoids and plastid in diverse and little studied tomato varieties t

159 es its central role in the biogenesis of the plastid in malaria parasites.

160 innovations in plastid proteins confirm that plastids in apicomplexans and their relatives are widesp

161 Although previously unrecognized, plastids in deep-branching apicomplexans are common, and

162 s the novel genetic code used by Balanophora plastids, in which TAG has been reassigned from stop to

163 determines the number of starch granules in plastids is an enigmatic aspect of starch metabolism.

164 rk to the light in which protein import into plastids is required to rapidly complete chloroplast bio

165 echanism of targeting HMR to the nucleus and plastids is still poorly understood.

166 Plastid isoprenoid-derived carotenoids serve essential r

167 light-responsive, growth-relevant genes, in plastids it is known as pTAC12, which associates with th

168 edly been reduced, lost, and replaced by new plastids, leading to a spectrum of ages and integration

169 Environmental sequences of ten novel plastid lineages and structural innovations in plastid p

170 amplicons) we identified two deep-branching plastid lineages based on 16S rRNA gene data.

171 synthesis, a trait found in only three other plastid lineages, and thus Balanophora plastids must imp

172 Plastid-localized ACS metabolizes cellular acetate and c

173 substrate conversion efficiency between the plastid-localized GGPS isoform GGPS11 and phytoene synth

174 hydrolase family gene PLIP1, which encodes a plastid-localized lipase.

175 PUMPKIN is a homomultimeric, plastid-localized protein that forms in vivo RNA-contain

176 e novel insights into the quality control of plastid-localized proteins and establish a hitherto unid

177 pervasive lack of phylogenetic signal among plastid loci, suggesting a fast divergence of Cucurbitac

178 lly reduced or absent, thus increasing known plastid losses in eukaryotes from two to four.

179 Several plastid macromolecular protein complexes are encoded by

180 We designed a dicistronic plastid marker system that relies on the plastid's abili

181 ion of transport vesicles with the outermost plastid membrane were identified, together with derlin-r

182 , nucleotide transport across the additional plastid membranes remains to be clarified.

183 esign of heterologous metabolic pathways for plastid metabolic engineering.

184 n with a double-membrane envelope separating plastid metabolism from the cytosol.

185 ct of PHY-mediated temperature perception on plastid metabolism in both leaves and fruit, specificall

186 While plastid MGDG biosynthesis is blocked in rbl10-1 mutants,

187 NA recombination, fragmented organelles, and plastid/mitochondrial differences may potentially be exp

188 he plastid proteome has evolved to influence plastid morphology and biochemistry.

189 reprogramming of nuclear gene expression and plastid morphology for improved carotenoid storage.

190 other plastid lineages, and thus Balanophora plastids must import all tRNAs needed for translation.

191 plastid DNA restriction site data, highlight plastid/nuclear incongruence that supports hypotheses of

192 s the origin of the canonical Archaeplastida plastid occurred >1,500 Mya.

193 homboid-like protease 10 (RBL10), located in plastids of Arabidopsis thaliana, that affects galactoli

194 re lipid-soluble antioxidants synthesized in plastids of plants and other photosynthetic organisms.

195 e overview of the impact of various types of plastids on carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation, an

196 d three diterpene synthases are found in the plastids, one in the cytosol and two in the mitochondria

197 heritance (through elimination of the "weak" plastid) or biparental inheritance (when two similarly "

198 apicomplexan pathogens contain an essential plastid organelle, the apicoplast, which is a key anti-p

199 inella is a valuable model for understanding plastid organellogenesis because this lineage has indepe

200 sine 5'-phosphosulfate) synthesis (mainly in plastids), PAPS consumption (in the cytosol), and PAP (t

201 Plastid paralogues of trafficking-associated proteins po

202 Using a plastid preprotein expressed in both leaves and roots of

203 t of all Arabidopsis (Arabid opsis thaliana) plastid preproteins encoded by recently duplicated genes

204 cytosol, or apicoplast, a nonphotosynthetic plastid present in most apicomplexans.

205 Plastid primary endosymbiosis in Paulinella occurred rel

206 hloroplast biogenesis, PIF1 and PIF3, NCP in plastids promotes the assembly of the PEP complex for Ph

207 insight into cellular responses to impaired plastid protein biosynthesis.

208 nome-wide retention rates, genes involved in plastid protein complexes show a higher retention of gen

209 lts provide new insights on the evolution of plastid protein complexes that could be tested and gener

210 dy in Brassica napus, on genes implicated in plastid protein complexes.

211 Most plastid protein genes in Balanophora consist of >=90% AT

212 We confidently identified 1345 distinct plastid protein groups and found that at least 100 prote

213 that GUN1 is critical in the maintenance of plastid protein homeostasis (proteostasis) when plastid

214 tion, we investigated the mechanism by which plastid protein import is regulated by light during phot

215 We found that the albino plastid protein import2 (ppi2) mutant lacking Toc159 pro

216 ease (Clp), which plays an essential role in plastid protein turnover.

217 Most plastid proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome, synt

218 astid lineages and structural innovations in plastid proteins confirm that plastids in apicomplexans

219 It was suggested that nucleus-encoded plastid proteins pass through the middle and innermost p

220 iguing CaM-binding properties of hundreds of plastid proteins, despite the fact that no CaM or CaM-li

221 of plastid biology and shed light on how the plastid proteome has evolved to influence plastid morpho

222 the nuclear genome and it is unclear how the plastid proteome is regulated.

223 cribed before on a genome-wide scale for the plastid proteome.

224 hence predicted functions of the E. gracilis plastid proteome.

225 However, how plastid proteomes vary temporally, spatially, and taxono

226 into plastids, and subsequent modulation of plastid proteomes, has been lacking.

227 Finally, autophagy-dependent plastid recycling is induced in uninfected host cells.

228 ts, indicating that mutant cells retain some plastid remnants.

229 lational and posttranslational regulation to plastid retrograde signaling, we combined label-free pro

230 brid screen and a pull-down assay identified plastid ribosomal protein L15, uL15c (formerly RPL15), a

231 eins do not cosediment with mitochondrial or plastid ribosomes but instead associate with the introns

232 Biogenesis of plastid ribosomes is facilitated by auxiliary factors th

233 itochondrial counterparts, the biogenesis of plastid ribosomes is less well understood, and few auxil

234 as a consequence of structural divergence of plastid ribosomes.

235 These transformants demonstrate that plastid RNA editing can be bypassed through the expressi

236 ve discovered an unexpected role for GUN1 in plastid RNA editing, as gun1 mutations affect RNA-editin

237 on these results, we conclude that RH50 is a plastid rRNA maturation factor.

238 nic plastid marker system that relies on the plastid's ability to translate polycistronic mRNAs.

239 n of catabolic pathways from the host during plastid secondary endosymbiosis.

240 The role of the plastid signal may perform the redox state of the compou

241 The plastid-specific C-terminal tail region of cpSRP54 plays

242 phenotypes of mutants deficient in PSRP7, a plastid-specific ribosomal protein, OTP86, an RNA editin

243 nses to pH changes representing those in the plastid stroma during light or dark conditions.

244 We identify GR2 as essential in the plastid stroma, where it counters GSSG accumulation and

245 nd two bleached mutants that lack detectable plastid structures, W10BSmL and WgmZOflL We determined t

246 s strain Z mitochondria and plastids, and of plastid subfractions (thylakoids and envelopes), using H

247 aled that null mutations in ACC2, encoding a plastid-targeted acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, cause hy

248 An average of 45% overlap was found in plastid-targeted protein-coding gene families compared w

249 elles that are dependent on nuclear-encoded, plastid-targeted proteins for all biochemical and regula

250 taining pelagophytes and dictyochophytes, in plastid-targeted proteins from another major algal linea

251 These plastid-targeted proteins may originate from the endosym

252 ther work to correlate these predicted novel plastid-targeted proteins to transcript abundance and hi

253 rotein families were found to have conserved plastid targeting across angiosperm species using RBH, a

254 etected where only one species had predicted plastid targeting, most notably in Panicum virgatum whic

255 s proteome, indicating a unique evolution of plastid targeting.

256 ecause this lineage has independently gained plastids (termed chromatophores) of alpha-cyanobacterial

257 ne reduction and plastoquinol oxidation by a Plastid Terminal Oxidase (PTOX).

258 through flavodiiron proteins (FLVs) and (ii) plastid terminal oxidases (PTOX) and (iii) the synthesis

259 ate possessing chlorophyte-derived secondary plastids that are enclosed by only three enveloping memb

260 Chromoplasts are colored plastids that synthesize and store massive amounts of ca

261 fast-replicating or aggressive chloroplasts (plastids) that are incompatible with the hybrid nuclear

262 In nonphotosynthetic plastids the OPPP produces reductant and metabolic inter

263 Plastids, the defining organelles of plant cells, underg

264 ria contain an essential, non-photosynthetic plastid-the apicoplast-which originated from a secondary

265 Here we show that the ability of plastids to compete against each other is a metabolic ph

266 Exquisitely regulated plastid-to-nucleus communication by retrograde signaling

267 While broad inhibition of plastid transcription with rifampicin was also able to s

268 lastid ultrastructure and in the nuclear and plastid transcriptomes.

269 ls exhibited a marked reduction in levels of plastid transcripts encoding photosynthetic proteins, al

270 ociates specifically with the introns of the plastid transcripts trnG-UCC, trnV-UAC, petB, petD, and

271 In pumpkin mutants, the levels of many plastid transcripts were reduced, while the amounts of o

272 rmation vectors and a protocol for measuring plastid transformation efficiency, will advance the engi

273 size distribution, nor cell destruction, nor plastid transformation exhibited any correlation to the

274 on provides a rational template to implement plastid transformation in related recalcitrant crops.

275 The development of new marker genes for plastid transformation is of crucial importance to all e

276 Plastid transformation is routine in tobacco (Nicotiana

277 ed ACCase in Arabidopsis is an impediment to plastid transformation provides a rational template to i

278 mation-competent Arabidopsis lines, with new plastid transformation vectors and a protocol for measur

279 r be used to provide a selectable screen for plastid transformation.

280 ain-containing protein (SBDCP1) possessing a plastid transit peptide.

281 stid protein homeostasis (proteostasis) when plastid translation is blocked.

282 were viable but clearly affected in growth, plastid translation, and photosynthetic performance.

283 Loss of AtCGL20 impaired plastid translation, perturbing the formation of a hidde

284 els and introduced a point mutation into the plastid trnE gene, which has been reported to uncouple p

285 Two PCR-CE assays, one operating on the plastid trnL (UAA) intron and the other targeting its in

286 bolic engineering of carotenoids in light of plastid types in plants.

287 motifs, which enhances import into specific plastid types.

288 abolites and recorded the dynamic changes in plastid ultrastructure and in the nuclear and plastid tr

289 differentiation involves massive changes in plastid ultrastructure, but how these changes are connec

290 In this study, we show that the sole plastid UMP kinase (PUMPKIN) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis

291 ay have played a role in driving patterns of plastid variation - although additional experimental wor

292 f monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in the plastid via posttranslational inhibition of MGDG synthas

293 -a subfamily, including two localised to the plastid, were cloned and functionally characterised.

294 cytosol in addition to their association to plastids (where they are known to fulfil their role).

295 hat GPT2 is unable to compensate for GPT1 in plastids, whereas GPT1 without the transit peptide (enfo

296 enveloping membranes, unlike most secondary plastids, which are surrounded by four membranes.

297 in the related species with fully integrated plastids, which provides direct evidence that genetic in

298 lastid envelopes originated from the primary plastid, while the outermost is of eukaryotic origin.

299 endoplasmic reticulum in addition with their plastids, while it has been observed that the host dinof

300 Despite xanthophylls being synthesized in plastids, XAT accumulated in the apoplast.