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1 atterns of gene retention and loss following polyploidization.
2 vidence on the specific role of NMII-B on MK polyploidization.
3 DDEE), and speciation occurred subsequent to polyploidization.
4 replication and karyokinesis occur during MK polyploidization.
5 nsible for the specific role of NMII-B in MK polyploidization.
6 ng cytokinesis, must be downregulated for Mk polyploidization.
7 ificance and agronomic relevance in terms of polyploidization.
8 on on the proteome is more important than is polyploidization.
9 anslational modifications of proteins during polyploidization.
10 ccurred subsequent to both hybridization and polyploidization.
11 and genome size variation, but likely not by polyploidization.
12 mber of cell cycling cells and in augmenting polyploidization.
13 d robust excision and an increased degree of polyploidization.
14 aptation of a major agricultural weed during polyploidization.
15 events may also contribute to the effects of polyploidization.
16 patterns of hybrid sterility and in rates of polyploidization.
17 panied by endoreduplication and consequently polyploidization.
18 igens, inhibition of cell proliferation, and polyploidization.
19 cytes from Stat1(-/-) mice were defective in polyploidization.
20 then enter an endocycle, resulting in their polyploidization.
21 first few million years after duplication or polyploidization.
22 r DNA content by multinucleation and nuclear polyploidization.
23 ypothesized to represent abnormal hepatocyte polyploidization.
24 d into a cluster of cdc2-related genes after polyploidization.
25 cardiomyocytes undergo cell-cycle arrest and polyploidization.
26 elatives of wheat suggests that Ph1 arose on polyploidization.
27 n the maintenance of paralogs resulting from polyploidization.
28 idy checkpoint acting to limit the degree of polyploidization.
29 ithin a single nuclear envelope, perpetuates polyploidization.
30 s and giant nuclei, consistent with roles in polyploidization.
31 dergone extensive modification subsequent to polyploidization.
32 epeat families increased gradually following polyploidization.
33 age sorting, hybridization/introgression and polyploidization.
34 ence from A. thaliana, likely as a result of polyploidization.
35 crop improvements through hybridization and polyploidization.
36 re duplicated along with the Hox clusters by polyploidization.
37 lenced during interspecific hybridization or polyploidization.
38 yclin B metabolism, cell cycle re-entry, and polyploidization.
39 metabolic differentiation, and 5) hepatocyte polyploidization.
40 ingle CD4(+) T cells undergoing a process of polyploidization.
41 and gene maps suggest that this occurred by polyploidization.
42 When added with TPO, IL-3 suppressed polyploidization.
43 ements in the hepatocyte's normal process of polyploidization.
44 ct in planta evidence for polyspermy induced polyploidization.
45 IL-3 alone never increased the level of polyploidization.
46 rated, more autonomous growth contributes to polyploidization.
47 age failed to complete mitosis and underwent polyploidization.
48 ng the proper onset and extent of hepatocyte polyploidization.
49 ukemia cells during normal proliferation and polyploidization.
50 rs declined over time, peaking shortly after polyploidization.
51 h treatment in one species that lacks recent polyploidization.
52 er than indirectly via breakdown followed by polyploidization.
53 rganism for studying early changes following polyploidization.
54 than expected, given the age of the inferred polyploidization.
55 iploidization occurred very slowly following polyploidization.
56 hepatocytes, indicating that miRNAs regulate polyploidization.
57 nd proliferate between genomes subsequent to polyploidization.
58 erscoring the critical role miR-122 plays in polyploidization.
59 hat miR-122 is required for complete hepatic polyploidization.
60 nism is that adaptive alleles should predate polyploidization, a pattern consistent with observations
61 ired megakaryocyte maturation, inhibition of polyploidization, abnormal proplatelet formation, and th
62 gene in megakaryocytes results in defective polyploidization accompanied by mitotic arrest and cell
63 ilar to that of bread wheat, arising through polyploidization after hybridization between a tetraploi
64 s undergo ploidy reduction and subsequent re-polyploidization after transplantation, providing direct
65 osynthetic rate as diploids, indicating that polyploidization alone is likely not the reason for enha
67 radual accumulation of genomic changes after polyploidization and a lack of subgenome expression domi
71 f Tnni3k in zebrafish promoted cardiomyocyte polyploidization and compromised heart regeneration.
72 in contrast to the synchronous inhibition of polyploidization and cytoplasmic maturation in adult MKs
75 N8237, a selective AURKA inhibitor, promoted polyploidization and differentiation of megakaryocytes w
76 h significant loss of gene family members on polyploidization and domestication, and an abundance of
77 deficient megakaryopoiesis in mice, inducing polyploidization and expression of a subset of platelet-
78 ib), a selective inhibitor of AURKA, induced polyploidization and expression of mature megakaryocyte
79 is functionally important because when both polyploidization and fusion are blocked, wounds do not r
80 techniques, including mutation induction by polyploidization and gamma irradiation, and biotechnolog
81 ot in sweet cherry (a diploid) suggests that polyploidization and gene duplication were indirectly re
82 r tyrosine kinase torso, which then promotes polyploidization and growth through activation of the MA
83 e B inhibitors induce apoptosis secondary to polyploidization and have entered clinical trials as an
85 evolution-its members have undergone recent polyploidization and hybridization, with close relatives
86 Cs and contributes to vascular smooth muscle polyploidization and hypertrophy during hypertension.
90 mirror the revolutionary discoveries of the polyploidization and meiosis-like ploidy reduction proce
93 of polyploidy, (c) the relationship between polyploidization and other aspects of CM maturation, (d)
95 rs, although megakaryocytes showed decreased polyploidization and staining for acetylcholinesterase.
98 that oxidative stress promotes pathological polyploidization and suggest that this is an early event
99 p53 during Mk differentiation is to control polyploidization and the transition to endomitosis by im
100 ne family whose evolution has been shaped by polyploidization and transposable element activity.
101 ce our understanding the mechanism of genome polyploidization and underpin genome-wide comparison res
103 ven by increased genetic diversity following polyploidizations and by trait morphological innovations
104 osperms to undergo chromosomal duplication ('polyploidization') and subsequent gene loss ('diploidiza
105 mon origin, such as genome-wide duplication (polyploidization), and a concerted evolutionary process.
106 es that have hybridized naturally, undergone polyploidization, and colonized diverse environments, of
108 an important regulator of megakaryopoiesis, polyploidization, and cytoskeletal dynamics in developin
109 s a higher frequency of small deletions post-polyploidization, and increased illegitimate recombinati
114 iated events of megakaryocyte proliferation, polyploidization, and the expression of apoptotic marker
115 22 is both necessary and sufficient in liver polyploidization, and these studies will serve as the fo
116 was to identify novel signals that regulate polyploidization, and we focused on microRNAs (miRNAs).
117 plasia in the spleen; impaired megakaryocyte polyploidization; and increased reticulin fibrosis of th
121 aneuploid DNA histogram patterns and induced polyploidization as a result of successive rounds of cel
123 tes with cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest and polyploidization as well as the development of postnatal
124 k2(-/-) megakaryocytes demonstrate increased polyploidization associated with alterations in beta1-tu
126 hirsutum L., an allotetraploid derived from polyploidization between AA and DD genome species, a res
127 onized megakaryocyte growth, maturation, and polyploidization but had no effect on erythroid developm
128 at the promegakaryocyte stage, after nuclear polyploidization, but before cytoplasmic maturation.
129 At the molecular level, hyperthermia induced polyploidization by perturbing centrosome function, prev
130 se data show that GATA-1 controls growth and polyploidization by regulating cyclin D-Cdk4 kinase acti
132 ATP, a chemotactic signal for myeloid cells, polyploidization can trigger endoplasmic reticulum stres
134 (BCCIP) in HT1080 cells leads to chromosomal polyploidization, centrosome amplification and abnormal
136 ed MKlp2 knockdown in hepatoma cells induced polyploidization consistent with its essential function
137 omain-containing proteins during Echinochloa polyploidization, contrary to their significant expansio
138 ckout; LKO) were recently reported to have a polyploidization defect, but were otherwise healthy.
140 ormone signaling reduces mouse cardiomyocyte polyploidization, delays cell-cycle exit, and retains ca
141 increasing cell mass by over 100-fold during polyploidization did not change growth efficiency, indic
142 us, a coincidence that would be explained if polyploidization directly contributed to speciation.
143 chinochloa species and new insights into the polyploidization-driven adaptive evolution would be usef
144 rrect, it would support Ohno's proposal that polyploidization drives evolution by generating the gene
146 uplication consistent with the hypothesis of polyploidization early in vertebrate history, both Ca(2+
147 ploidy is the best model to characterize the polyploidization effects in a highly controlled manner,
148 In conclusion, we find that wound-induced polyploidization enables tissue repair when cell divisio
149 d by loss of homeologs derived from the At-a polyploidization event and by a lower occurrence of tand
150 l evidence are consistent with the predicted polyploidization event and substantial homozygosity unde
151 il identity gene TEN originated from a paleo-polyploidization event at the origin of the family.
153 pport to the possibility that a more ancient polyploidization event may have predated the A-D diverge
154 samples for many other taxa, suggests that a polyploidization event occurred approximately 70 million
155 , further supporting the hypothesis that the polyploidization event was common to sorghum and rice.
156 e-based Ks plot revealed at least one recent polyploidization event, consistent with fixed heterozygo
157 rved in the species, as a consequence of the polyploidization event, make the exploitation of diversi
158 xtant genomes are the remnants of an ancient polyploidization event, rather than a result of successi
160 believed to have originated from an ancient polyploidization event; thus, each of these 28 loci was
161 r 10,000 years in B. napus) and more ancient polyploidization events (ca. 20 Myr for B. rapa and B. o
164 e segments in mammals, it is likely that two polyploidization events occurred prior to the divergence
168 distinguish between tandem duplications and polyploidization events, nor whether independent duplica
170 fferentiate between founder effects and post polyploidization evolution, we use a pan-genomic approac
172 gakaryocytes, which display reduced size and polyploidization, express nearly 10-fold less cyclin D1
173 hypothesis and supports the proposed role of polyploidization followed by genetic diploidizaton in th
178 Such long-term karyotype stability after polyploidization has not been commonly observed in plant
184 lular and molecular mechanisms that regulate polyploidization have been well characterized; however,
185 retrotransposon lineages that expanded after polyploidization helped shape the genomes of both G. hir
186 ural variations that probably occurred after polyploidization, highlighted by large paracentric/peric
187 /-2 is necessary to support viability during polyploidization in a variety of tumor models and repres
191 cells demonstrated a high predisposition to polyploidization in culture and failed to maintain cycli
192 de DNA rereplication as a major mechanism of polyploidization in E7-expressing cells upon microtubule
197 lowering the DNA/cytoplasm ratio by reducing polyploidization in the intestine gave rise to smaller c
201 miR397 and its targets as a result of genome polyploidization indicated their pivotal functions in re
203 ow variability generating processes, such as polyploidization integrates with selection from species
205 s remarkably common in the plant kingdom and polyploidization is a major driving force for plant geno
212 ual was fully grown, which demonstrates that polyploidization is compatible with life in this lineage
216 enon in the Solanaceae where SC accompanying polyploidization is frequently due to the SC of heteroal
218 e, we have shown that the mechanism by which polyploidization is prevented in Mks lacking Mkl1, which
219 s, our current state of understanding of how polyploidization is regulated during liver growth, and i
220 , the increased SPG cell size resulting from polyploidization is required to maintain the SPG envelop
222 nt and recent polyploidy, together with post-polyploidization loss of many duplicated gene copies, co
223 Although plant TFs tend to be retained post polyploidization, many are lost within tens to hundreds
224 asudil (diMF, H-1152P) selectively increased polyploidization, mature cell-surface marker expression,
227 estigated the possibility that autophagy and polyploidization might also affect the antigenicity of c
229 most likely resulting from a single event of polyploidization, not only for the cultivated germplasm
230 utionary events, implying that the pan-grass polyploidization occurred approximately 96 million years
231 sis that two rounds of genome duplication by polyploidization occurred early in vertebrate history.
233 rounds of duplication of the entire genome (polyploidization) occurred early in vertebrate history (
234 .2) No whole-genome duplication event (i.e., polyploidization) occurred immediately prior to or after
242 se, a regulator of cytokinesis, improves the polyploidization of Fanca(-/-) MKs but greatly increases
243 ssociated with increased differentiation and polyploidization of megakaryocytes both in vivo and in v
244 o identify small-molecule probes that induce polyploidization of megakaryocytic leukemia cells and se
247 re, time-lapse videomicroscopy revealed that polyploidization of p53(-/-) HCT116 cells is frequently
252 omass yield is well described, the effect of polyploidization on biomass composition has largely rema
253 We propose that large cells generated by polyploidization or cell fusion are essential because th
255 cisplatin but does play a role in preventing polyploidization, or aberrant DNA reduplication, in the
257 f one of its diploid donors, suggesting that polyploidization plays little roles in the expansion of
258 ndings support a dynamic model of hepatocyte polyploidization, ploidy reversal and aneuploidy, a phen
259 s uncertain to what extent hybridization and polyploidization preceded domestication or were precipit
260 two successive whole-genome duplication(s) (polyploidizations) predating the origin of fishes, a vie
261 of fatty livers displayed alterations of the polyploidization process, including the presence of a la
262 lends further support to the hypothesis that polyploidization promotes adaptation and enhances plant
263 ese indications of genic stasis accompanying polyploidization provide a sharp contrast to recent exam
264 e of their parental genomes, suggesting that polyploidization rather than hybridization induces genom
265 and epigenetic regulation divergence during polyploidization/(re)diploidization processes generate r
269 ne max) has undergone at least two rounds of polyploidization, resulting in a paleopolyploid genome t
270 It is well documented that, in addition to polyploidization, retrotransposon amplification has been
271 ison of Xenopus species that evolved through polyploidization revealed that metabolic differences eme
274 oduced during interspecific hybridization or polyploidization serve as a buffer against the genomic s
275 tion of diploid gametes is a major route for polyploidization, speciation, and diversification in pla
276 dition, we discuss novel insights into plant polyploidization strategies that expand current concepts
277 o subgenomes were far less distinct prior to polyploidization, such that individual gene pairs, rathe
278 , its limited in vitro actions on human cell polyploidization suggest that additional megakaryocyte-a
279 y to their significant expansionduring wheat polyploidization, suggesting that natural selection migh
280 Here, we determined that a pathological polyploidization takes place in nonalcoholic fatty liver
281 ive individuals and animals undergo dramatic polyploidization that contributes toward their hypertrop
282 the genus but did not experience any recent polyploidizations that could account for their high chro
285 ncy of unreduced pollen in unilateral sexual polyploidization, the overall rate of neohexaploid forma
289 These allowed us to analyse both recent polyploidization (under 10,000 years in B. napus) and mo
291 both cultured MSCs and primary hepatocytes, polyploidization was associated with a dramatic decrease
292 e frequency of polyploid cells, the level of polyploidization was downregulated on days 6 to 10, but
293 uploid cells in multiple tissues and organs, polyploidization was observed only in hepatocytes, with
295 o determine whether survivin is required for polyploidization, we analyzed mice with a megakaryocyte-
296 gulation, cyclin B down-regulation, and VSMC polyploidization were evidenced at the smooth muscle of
298 rrelated with increased MK DNA synthesis and polyploidization, which might explain the observed impac
299 , p53*; p53-/-, p53*), do not undergo normal polyploidization with aging and show an increase in the
300 y (MoAb)-fluorochrome conjugates and for DNA polyploidization with propidium iodide or 7-aminoactinom