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1  from three animal species (bovine, porcine, poultry).
2  to antigenic drift and improved fitness for poultry.
3 s, ticks, and mites on companion animals and poultry.
4 ents a self-limiting intestinal infection of poultry.
5 te, highly contagious respiratory disease of poultry.
6 disseminating viruses adapted to terrestrial poultry.
7 of the fifth epidemic wave infect humans and poultry.
8 circulation in chickens or other terrestrial poultry.
9 IBV), are important respiratory pathogens of poultry.
10 iseases transmissible between wild birds and poultry.
11 ant mycoplasmas causing production losses in poultry.
12 nducted to characterize the gene families in poultry.
13 r immune functions and disease resistance of poultry.
14 lietina, a parasite primarily of rodents and poultry.
15  for use to improve growth rates in pigs and poultry.
16  the most detrimental infectious diseases in poultry.
17 ruses (clade 2.3.4.4) caused outbreaks in US poultry.
18 g populations frequently exposed to infected poultry.
19 llular parasites that have a major impact on poultry.
20 ociated with the consumption of contaminated poultry.
21 s, all of which were initially identified in poultry.
22 he most common and damaging ectoparasites of poultry.
23 tribute to the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry.
24 tribute to the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry.
25 opulations yet remains highly pathogenic for poultry.
26 lla infection in parent flocks in the Danish poultry.
27 es related to adaptation of these viruses in poultry.
28 g horizontal transfer of enteric bacteria in poultry.
29 ntly used to eliminate or prevent insects in poultry.
30 odborne pathogen mainly transmitting through poultry.
31 t-off limit distinguishing fresh from frozen poultry.
32 ction between wild bird hosts and commercial poultry.
33    Within farm families, exposures including poultry (3% vs 28%; P = .003), pig (4% vs 25%; P = .04),
34 sociated with an increase of 7.55 ng/L (meat/poultry), 9.32 ng/L (grain products), and 14.5 ng/L (veg
35 H9N2 avian influenza viruses are enzootic in poultry across Asia and North Africa, where they pose a
36        Influenza H9N2 viruses are endemic in poultry across Asia and parts of Africa where they occas
37 Guangdong/1996 lineage (Gs/GD) is endemic in poultry across several countries in the world and has ca
38 gives insight into the ongoing evolution and poultry adaptation of H9N2 and other avian influenza vir
39  role of these birds in further dispersal of poultry-adapted AI viruses is not clear.
40 tion, so too does the chance of a commercial poultry AI outbreak.
41 influenza (HPAI) is a devastating disease of poultry and a serious threat to public health.
42 reat because of their continued detection in poultry and ability to cause human infection.
43          We designed a novel primer pair for poultry and applied it in combination with the primer pa
44 ly, responsible for major economic losses to poultry and aquaculture, is composed of nonenveloped vir
45 ly used as prebiotic in feed supplements for poultry and aquaculture.
46 HPAI) viruses are enzootic in wild birds and poultry and continue to cause human infections with high
47 nsumption of fish; low to moderate intake of poultry and dairy products; low intake of red and proces
48              While A(H9N2) viruses from both poultry and humans exhibited features associated with ma
49 ruses have been causing disease outbreaks in poultry and humans.
50 ines are important in HPAIV control both for poultry and in prepandemic preparedness for humans.
51  of cholesterol, red and processed meat, and poultry and increasing consumption of fiber may reduce t
52 se associations were mediated completely for poultry and partially for red meat by heme iron intake.
53  grains is an undesirable characteristic for poultry and pig feeding and represents a challenge for b
54 of farms in the surroundings especially with poultry and pigs.
55 prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli in poultry and poultry products; however, limited data are
56 ction of the chIFN-kappa with RNA viruses of poultry and public health importance.
57 rol of coccidiosis, a protozoal infection in poultry and rabbits.
58 ted a diet rich in salad, fruit, vegetables, poultry and seafood, and plain water or tea to drink.
59 ver a 16-year period (2000 to 2016) from the poultry and swine production chains, in Brazil, were inv
60  relationship of H5N1 viruses circulating in poultry and those isolated from humans, comprehensive ph
61 ses (IAVs) have been recovered from domestic poultry and various aquatic bird species, and sporadic t
62  Avian influenza H7N9 viruses circulating in poultry and wild birds continue to evolve and acquire im
63 ong/1/96 lineage can cause severe disease in poultry and wild birds, and occasionally in humans.
64  continue to circulate widely affecting both poultry and wild birds.
65  collaborative surveillance for IAVs in both poultry and wild-bird populations.
66 ported touching animals (15.3% (pets), 0.0% (poultry) and 0.1% (livestock)).
67 ategy used in utero in rodents and in ovo in poultry, and apply it to posthatch zebra finch songbird
68 contained lower amounts of wheat, dairy, and poultry, and increased amounts of legumes.
69  and raw meat at the same time; contact with poultry animals; and the use of gastric acid inhibitors.
70 Our findings suggest that these gallinaceous poultry are permissive for infection and sustainable tra
71 enza viruses, such as H9N2, cause disease in poultry as well as occasionally infecting humans and are
72 st for exposure to oil palm, rubber, and non-poultry based livestock farming and for hookworm (OR 2.4
73 viruses have further adapted to gallinaceous poultry, becoming more highly transmissible and causing
74     Method validation was performed in eggs, poultry, bovine, ovine, porcine and rabbit tissue and ex
75  chickens, generating useful information for poultry breeding programs.
76 e host for primordial germ cells from native poultry breeds.
77 ic avian influenza viruses that circulate in poultry, but much less is known about antigenic variatio
78 and detection of potential ESBL E. coli from poultry cecal (n = 30) and water (n = 30) samples.
79  association between 24-hr dietary recall of poultry consumption and arsenic exposure in the U.S. pop
80              There is no association between poultry consumption and the prevalence of colorectal pol
81  statements and detection of adulteration of poultry-containing food products.
82  allocated to receive ~300 g/wk oily fish or poultry (control) for 12 +/- 2 wk.
83 ed 8-9 y) received ~300 g/wk of oily fish or poultry (control).
84  seeds, soy and legumes, but much less meat, poultry, dairy, solid fats, and added sugars.
85 y (OR: 4.7 (95% CI: 1.7-14), high versus low poultry density).
86 ngens infection has reemerged as a prevalent poultry disease worldwide due to reduced usage of prophy
87 laNDM and mcr-1 as marker genes), we sampled poultry, dogs, sewage, wild birds and flies.
88 ngeal duck samples, solid and liquid wastes, poultry drinking water and faeces.
89           Use of nitarsone, an arsenic-based poultry drug, may result in dietary exposures to inorgan
90 nce that the historical use of arsenic-based poultry drugs contributed to arsenic exposure in the U.S
91 cated mutations remain a significant risk to poultry due to antigenic drift and improved fitness for
92  these species as observed in mixed backyard poultry during the early outbreaks.
93 d to examine the resistance and virulence of poultry E. coli strains in vitro and in vivo via antibio
94 n = 212,831), low meat eaters (n = 213,092), poultry eaters (n = 4815), fish eaters (n = 10,042), veg
95 te regular meat eaters, the low meat eaters, poultry eaters, fish eaters, and vegans had significantl
96 ermination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in poultry egg samples using DRS-FTIR.
97 orfloxacin (NOR) for their quantification in poultry egg-yolks.
98 re obtained in the range of 83.1-102.3% from poultry eggs samples using DRS-FTIR method.
99 ced into the Netherlands, resulting in eight poultry farm outbreaks.
100                              We found that a poultry farm within a wild waterfowl habitat had a 3-8 t
101 erlands in 2014 and caused five outbreaks in poultry farms but were infrequently detected in wild bir
102                                     Eighteen poultry farms from Punjab were surveyed, and 1,556 Esche
103 outbreaks have been occurring on smallholder poultry farms in Asia for two decades.
104  epidemic peak of HPAI outbreaks on domestic poultry farms in the ROK.
105  3-8 times higher risk of HPAI outbreak than poultry farms located outside of the habitat.
106 n of habitat use with HPAI H5N8 outbreaks in poultry farms was evaluated using a multilevel logistic
107 ogenic avian influenza viruses in commercial poultry farms.
108  on the risk of HPAI outbreaks in commercial poultry farms.
109                 The feed mixture used in the poultry feed during the four phases of the production cy
110  We evaluated the relationships of red meat, poultry, fish, and shellfish intakes, as well as heme ir
111                                    Intake of poultry, fish, eggs, or dairy products did not associate
112 not significantly associated with intakes of poultry, fish, or milk.
113 uantity and composition changes in the meat, poultry, fish; dairy; and caloric sweeteners categories.
114 rotein sources (legumes, soy, nuts); chicken/poultry/fish; fish only; poultry only; mixed animal prot
115 tive, spatial risk of disease incursion into poultry flocks via wild birds.
116 ly vectors for incursion of AI into European poultry flocks.
117 3.06; p = 0.068) with the use of colistin in poultry flocks.
118 ure methane emissions for cattle, swine, and poultry for the contiguous United States.
119 ell as 0.8%(w/w) beef proteins in commercial poultry frankfurters.
120 za (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 into poultry from wild birds have the potential to mutate to
121 IQR) of 375 (325-426) g oily fish/wk and the poultry group consumed 400 (359-452) g poultry/wk, which
122 ts higher erythrocyte n-3 LCPUFA than in the poultry group.
123 colonization of C. jejuni and S. enterica in poultry gut along with other beneficial attributes.
124                               Vaccination of poultry has been used as a means to control the spread a
125 marily as a respiratory pathogen of domestic poultry, has emerged since 1994 as a significant pathoge
126 Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is detrimental to poultry health and causes substantial economic losses fr
127  majority of vaccines currently licensed for poultry health include both modified live vaccine and in
128 bsiella pneumoniae was isolated from cattle, poultry, hospital sewage, and 12/20 wastewater treatment
129 es the AI virus was aerially introduced into poultry houses, as abnormal bird mortality started near
130 ver exceeded the minimal infective doses for poultry; however, the continuous exposure might have inc
131 sentative of those circulating widely at the poultry-human interface exhibit acute dependence on coll
132 emic risk but remain a heightened threat for poultry.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza H7N9 viruses have bee
133 ulate genetic changes to increase fitness in poultry.IMPORTANCE H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenz
134 s, H5 HPAI viruses of this lineage infecting poultry in Asia have spilled over into wild birds and sp
135 are the most widespread influenza viruses in poultry in Asia.
136  A(H9N2) influenza viruses are widespread in poultry in many parts of the world and for over 20 years
137 GHG-cost of beef, small ruminants, pork, and poultry in terms of CO(2)-equivalents per kg protein, su
138 s, we showed that H5N2 viruses isolated from poultry in the later stages of the outbreak had higher i
139 n influenza (LPAI) viruses in wild birds and poultry in the Netherlands.
140  H5Nx viruses represent a threat to both the poultry industry and human health and can cause lethal h
141 is, posing a significant problem to both the poultry industry and human health.
142 vastating oncogenic disease that affects the poultry industry and is caused by MD alphaherpesvirus (M
143 uenza (HPAI) H5N2 in the U.S. devastated its poultry industry and resulted in over $3 billion economi
144      Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is used in the poultry industry as an animal welfare criterion to deter
145   Control of C. jejuni is a priority for the poultry industry but no vaccines are available and their
146        Upon infection of chicken flocks, the poultry industry faces substantial economic losses by di
147                   The intensification of the poultry industry in the last decades has led to a sharp
148                  The economic success of the poultry industry in the United States hinges on the exte
149 attenuated vaccines are commonly used in the poultry industry to control avian mycoplasmosis; unfortu
150 hat has a significant economic impact on the poultry industry worldwide.
151 to have a significant economic impact on the poultry industry worldwide.
152 isease virus (NDV) is a threat to the global poultry industry, but particularly for smallholder farme
153 chitis remains a major problem in the global poultry industry, despite the existence of many differen
154 s) cause considerable economic losses in the poultry industry.
155  a potential threat to public health and the poultry industry.
156 resents a substantial economic burden to the poultry industry.
157 stication, remains infectious, and threatens poultry industry.
158  chickens and serious economic losses in the poultry industry.
159 up J (ALV-J) is an important concern for the poultry industry.
160 hronic infectious disease that threatens the poultry industry.
161 remain a huge threat to human health and the poultry industry.
162 rend < 0.001), 1.15 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.24) for poultry intake (P for trend = 0.004), and 1.07 (95% CI:
163             However, the association between poultry intake and exposure to these arsenic species, as
164                                              Poultry intake was associated with increased urine total
165                                              Poultry intake was not associated with any outcome.On th
166                  We hypothesized first, that poultry intake would be associated with higher urine ars
167 MA were compared across increasing levels of poultry intake.
168                  In conclusion, red meat and poultry intakes were associated with a higher risk of T2
169 s of HPAI infection in the wildlife-domestic poultry interface and may help to establish early detect
170 fluenza viruses can jump from wild birds and poultry into mammalian species such as humans or swine,
171  Mycoplasma gallisepticum, which jumped from poultry into North American house finches (Haemorhous me
172      This method of generating genome-edited poultry is expected to accelerate avian research and has
173 found in poultry, suggesting transmission to poultry is selective and likely depends on viral factors
174                                              Poultry is the primary source of NTS outbreaks, as well
175  Although the origin of AI viruses affecting poultry is wild aquatic birds, the role of these birds i
176  main reservoir hosts (livestock, especially poultry) is the principal route of human infection but l
177 s proteins that were highly conserved in the poultry isolates and contributed to the adaptation of th
178                                    Human and poultry isolates bore more antimicrobial resistance and
179 gent of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in poultry, leads to prolonged recruitment and activation o
180 circulation of the aqueous phase from HTC of poultry litter as a means to concentrate nutrients and i
181 s markedly different in solutions containing poultry litter DOM compared to solutions with SRN, indic
182 l EEM-PARAFAC model may be suitable to study poultry litter DOM from individual sources.
183 ng dissolved organic matter (DOM) from three poultry litter extracts was modeled to identify contribu
184 , 310-410 nm), and oxidized (UV-H2O2, ozone) poultry litter extracts.
185 ed sample set) model and local (i.e., single poultry litter source) models were greater than 0.99, su
186 orescence components were comparable for all poultry litter sources tested.
187 ent of a barcode reference library for soil, poultry litter, and nest dwelling mites in the Western P
188                                              Poultry litter-derived DOM generated lower concentration
189                         Solutions containing poultry litter-derived DOM generated similar levels of (
190 ethod for monitoring Campylobacter jejuni in poultry liver was applied and results revealed that this
191 oam) that were amended with sewage sludge or poultry manure and cropped with lettuce.
192 nza A (H7N9) viruses found in Guangdong live poultry market (LPM) during the most recent wave of huma
193  avian influenza viruses in Bangladeshi live poultry markets detected three A(H5) genotypes, designat
194 1) reassortant viruses were detected in live poultry markets in Bangladesh.
195 describe active surveillance efforts in live poultry markets in Vietnam in 2018 and compare represent
196     Our aim was to identify and characterize poultry meat allergens.
197                So far, the molecules causing poultry meat allergy are largely unknown.
198  be used as a diagnostic marker allergen for poultry meat allergy.
199 ation in chickens to reduce contamination of poultry meat and eggs by this foodborne pathogen.
200 are declining following increased demand for poultry meat and eggs, favouring the more productive exo
201    Greater control over incorrectly labelled poultry meat and increased consumer protection can be ac
202                                              Poultry meat can induce severe allergic reactions.
203  Additional risk factors were preparation of poultry meat in the household; preparation of uncooked f
204                 Homogenisation practices for poultry meat introduced significant differences in moist
205  bacterial gastroenteritis with contaminated poultry meat its main source.
206               We collected cattle, goat, and poultry meat pathway samples from December 2015 through
207      Chilling and freezing are essential for poultry meat preservation.
208 l d 7 could be used for diagnosis of genuine poultry meat sensitization.
209 2008 limits moisture and protein contents in poultry meat.
210 and roxarsone or nitarsone concentrations in poultry meat.
211 nting members of the four major phyla of the poultry microbiota was assembled, including bacterial st
212 safely applied as an appropriate material in poultry nutrition to enrich eggs with PUFA.
213 soy, nuts); chicken/poultry/fish; fish only; poultry only; mixed animal protein sources (including da
214                 Today HPAI continues eroding poultry operations and disrupting animal protein supply
215 especially for adenocarcinomas, but not with poultry or pig farming.
216 ence of C. jejuni was solely associated with poultry (OR: 4.7 (95% CI: 1.7-14), high versus low poult
217 ut the highly virulent MDR E. coli strain of poultry origin and warrant further investigation due to
218 ed chicken, pig, pet dog or cat, cattle, and poultry other than chicken.
219 generate the H5N2 HPAI virus that caused the poultry outbreak in the United States in 2015.
220 tnam were generated, comprising samples from poultry outbreaks and active market surveillance collect
221 distribution of human cases relative to H5N1 poultry outbreaks and characterized the genetic lineages
222 Vietnam since 2003, resulting in hundreds of poultry outbreaks and sporadic human infections.
223  number of human infections in recent years, poultry outbreaks continue to occur and the virus contin
224 showed that HPAI viruses isolated early from poultry outbreaks could still infect and transmit well i
225 .010), processed red meat (P trend = 0.004), poultry (P trend = 0.005), and cholesterol (P trend = 0.
226  infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and other poultry pathogens.
227 e attenuated influenza vaccine developed for poultry (PC4) by selecting viral subpopulations with enh
228 ct diverse hosts, including humans, domestic poultry, pigs, and others.
229 d less meat, dairy, and solid fats, and more poultry, plant protein foods, oils, whole and refined gr
230 y Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the domestic poultry population of Vietnam.
231 avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses, enzootic in poultry populations in Asia, are associated with fewer c
232 isually indistinguishable from frozen-thawed poultry, presents an attractive target for adulteration.
233 ere found for fruit and vegetables, meat and poultry, processed meat, dairy products, milk-based dess
234  and C. coli isolates from various stages of poultry processing and clinical cases.
235 sting differences in survival throughout the poultry processing chain.
236 nd of sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate) at a poultry processing pilot plant scale, and 3) compare mic
237 e the impacts of wastewater discharge from a poultry processing plant on sedimentary microbial commun
238 on inhibition by wastewater discharge from a poultry processing plant with potential consequences to
239 he use of such adsorbents is recommended for poultry processing.
240 scale farmers - the overwhelming majority of poultry producers in low-income countries - tend to rely
241                 To meet this rise in demand, poultry production and trade are expected to peak around
242                       Our goal was to survey poultry production for resistance to eleven clinically r
243 , colistin is still widely used in intensive poultry production in Bangladesh.
244 ns for developing superior genetic lines for poultry production in the industry.
245 Arsenicals (roxarsone and nitarsone) used in poultry production likely increase inorganic arsenic (iA
246           The use of SHC-containing feeds in poultry production should be approached cautiously becau
247  These viruses cause huge economic damage to poultry production systems and pose a zoonotic threat bo
248  largest study to date in India that surveys poultry production to test for antimicrobial resistance
249                   Mycotoxins can contaminate poultry production via fungal infection of feeds.
250  such as H9N2, cause huge economic damage to poultry production worldwide and are additionally consid
251 morbidity, mortality, and economic losses in poultry production.
252 monella to humans through the consumption of poultry products.
253 herichia coli (E. coli) are common in retail poultry products.
254 f pathogenic Escherichia coli in poultry and poultry products; however, limited data are available re
255 rces over time and an important role for non-poultry reservoirs in France.
256 piratory and reproductive tracts of domestic poultry, resulting in substantial economic losses for pr
257 t, margarine, meat-free dinner, milk, pizza, poultry, salmon, sausage, shrimp, sliced ham, tilapia, a
258 ophyletic clade with viruses identified from poultry samples (i.e., chicken, goose, and turkey), incl
259  in the correct identification of all frozen poultry samples instead of 93%.
260  gallinaceous species to HPAI virus, as this poultry sector also suffers from HPAI epizootics, and id
261 i in raw chicken meat samples collected from poultry shops in Sylhet division, Bangladesh, as well as
262 ates were investigated in minor gallinaceous poultry species (i.e., species for which the U.S. commer
263  and differentiation of 15 mammalian and six poultry species in foodstuffs.
264 and cross-reactivity with allergens of other poultry species was assessed in inhibition immunoblots.
265 ed animal species, including closely related poultry species, in highly processed food products.
266 active allergens were also detected in other poultry species, suggesting that recombinant Gal d 7 can
267 ffected mainly wild birds and mixed backyard poultry species, while later outbreaks affected mostly c
268                      Furthermore, unlike the poultry strains, the house finch epizootic outbreak stra
269 nce virulent (R_low) and attenuated (R_high) poultry strains.
270 ubtypes detected in wild birds were found in poultry, suggesting transmission to poultry is selective
271                    Chicken from a particular poultry supplier was identified as the major source of c
272  in children who received fish compared with poultry, supported by n-3 LCPUFA dose dependency.
273         In this study, we describe an active poultry surveillance system established in Vietnam to id
274 ive to the labour-intensive sampling of live poultry, the design of surveillance programmes and the i
275 of serum escape mutant viruses to humans and poultry, the impact of these HA substitutions, either in
276  avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate in poultry throughout much of Asia, the Middle East, and Af
277 ontinued surveillance in both wild birds and poultry to monitor genetic and pathobiological changes.
278 any countries have introduced vaccination of poultry to try to control the disease burden; however, i
279            Seasonally stratified analyses by poultry type provide strong suggestive evidence that the
280 ild ducks, whereas virus detections in other poultry types were made throughout the year.
281                                              Poultry vaccination against H9N2 viruses has been employ
282 in Vietnam, the vaccine efficacy of bivalent poultry vaccine formulations should be tested in the fut
283 ere identified, indicating the potential for poultry viruses infecting humans to rapidly acquire mole
284  of the surface genes demonstrated that most poultry viruses were related to locally circulating wild
285  genetic relationships between wild bird and poultry viruses.
286                                        Fresh poultry, visually indistinguishable from frozen-thawed p
287 requent but contact with animals (especially poultry) was rare although associated with frequent huma
288 % of the H(n)PO(4)(n-3) present in a natural poultry wastewater as mainly struvite.
289 en demonstrated to exert negative effects on poultry welfare and production in some broiler lines.
290 kes of grains and higher intakes of pork and poultry were associated with higher ferritin concentrati
291                Subtypes commonly detected in poultry were in wild birds most frequently detected in m
292 objective, integrative measure of welfare in poultry, which may be more sensitive than current welfar
293                                    We tested poultry, wild bird, and environmental samples from case
294 ns that cause clinical disease in livestock, poultry, wildlife, and humans.
295 r human infections and numerous outbreaks in poultry with significant impact.
296 ent study, we assessed virulence in domestic poultry with two temporally distant, and yet geographica
297 d the poultry group consumed 400 (359-452) g poultry/wk, which resulted in 2.25 (95% CI: 1.88, 2.62)
298 s continue to circulate among wild birds and poultry worldwide, posing constant pandemic threats to h
299 one of the most common bacterial diseases of poultry worldwide.
300 conomically important Mycoplasma species for poultry worldwide.

 
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