ライフサイエンスコーパス: predator

1 ty to avoid or escape an attack by an ambush predator.

2 ffects survival in encounters with a natural predator.

3 tem that encode defensive responses to a rat predator.

4 cues present to measure their reaction to a predator.

5 to permit long-term coexistence with a novel predator.

6 rienced when entering their burrow to escape predators.

7 nterest in non-consumptive effects (NCEs) of predators.

8 ic species after the eradication of invasive predators.

9 s into the role of seamount habitats for top predators.

10 ions determined the top-down effects of fish predators.

11 cumulative impacts on other krill dependent predators.

12 g biomass may not be precautionary for their predators.

13 en conspicuous and can be eavesdropped on by predators.

14 also higher than on islands with no invasive predators.

15 ores, Tettigoniidae, omnivores, and Araneae, predators.

16 ell shapes against vertebrate shell-crushing predators.

17 ion and top-down regulation of herbivores by predators.

18 rms one of the most diverse groups of marine predators.

19 habitat selection depends on the distance to predators.

20 tic signals is important for deterring naive predators.

21 odulating interactions with microzooplankton predators.

22 pling consumptive and trait-based effects of predators.

23 ts interactions with various krill dependent predators.

24 cts groups as well as herbivory reduction by predators.

25 has become less effective at satiating seed predators.

26 sed parents, had lower survival against live predators.

27 also observed when distinguishing prey from predators.

28 tion (temperature, nutrients) and introduced predators.

29 accessible (solid fast ice) to air-breathing predators.

30 e large effects on food availability for top predators.

31 r better able to acquire resources and avoid predators.

32 n nerves and muscles and paralyzing would-be predators.

33 rrel survival was lower in the years of high predator abundance and in colder winters.

34 ctively, our results indicate that high apex predator abundance might not always have negative effect

35 aprion brevirostris known to differ in their predator abundance.

36 ons, we considered spatiotemporally explicit predator access to several prey resources to evaluate co

37 moval of vegetation that otherwise obstructs predator access, enhance the vulnerability of macrobenth

38 cover, and the abundance of potential snail predators across six protected and six unprotected reefs

39 versified and were established as marine top predators after the end-Permian Mass extinction (EPME).

40 Social transmission of avoidance among predators also has potential consequences for defended p

41 5) N was highest where coyotes were the apex predator and lowest where coyotes co-occurred with grey

42 visual scene allows the detection of prey or predator and predicts their future positions.

43 ing the relative performance capabilities of predator and prey as well as the availability and abunda

44 r testing hypothesized mechanisms that drive predator and prey behaviour, incorporating environmental

45 tion of experimental methods in the study of predator and prey responses to humans, synanthropic and

46 ute trial featuring free interaction between predator and prey.

47 We identify predator and resource abundance as two main potential dr

48 opredators need to simultaneously avoid apex predators and acquire prey.

49 Camouflage helps animals to hide from predators and is therefore key to survival.

50 ether the population density of red squirrel predators and mean temperature overwinter were related t

51 derate to low overlap in nesting areas among predators and no evidence of their expansion in the abse

52 Arthropod predators and parasitoids attack crop pests, providing a

53 ght source that can reveal animals to visual predators and prey [1-4].

54 Predators and prey responded less strongly and consisten

55 We aimed to understand whether both predators and prey with constraint-breaking adaptations

56 size higher frequencies are emitted by avian predators and that detecting these auditory cues may aid

57 ffort and interactions among krill-dependent predators and their performance is at present neglected

58 The co-evolutionary arms race between predators and their prey has led to complex signalling,

59 s (i.e., coral prey), top-down forces (i.e., predators), and marine protection relate to C. abbreviat

60 ween background matching for camouflage from predators, and conspicuousness for communication with co

61 species richness, are more likely to contain predators, and have fewer extinctions compared to single

62 ducers, mutualists, herbivores, invertebrate predators, and vertebrate predators) in 75 grassland fie

63 ipulated abundances of the largest arthropod predators (apex predators) in field mesocosms replicated

64 Arctic top predators are expected to be impacted by increasing temp

65 work supports the hypothesis that specialist predators are negatively affected by urbanisation, we al

66 one of the most abundant arctic invertebrate predators, are becoming larger and therefore more fecund

67 al indices of phytophagous, pollinators, and predator arthopods increased on Terminalia argentea tree

68 es richness of phytophagous, pollinators and predators arthropods, as well as the percentage of defol

69 ins, further establishing this iconic marine predator as a true sea ice obligate and providing a firm

70 eal benefits from information transfer about predators as a key determinant of mixed-species group fo

71 ange in behaviour in response to a simulated predator attack relative to grandoffspring of control, u

72 ack rates and increases chances of surviving predator attacks.

73 y quantifying bodily damage caused by failed predator attacks.

74 butes to behaviors such as rheotaxis [2] and predator avoidance [3, 4].

75 e former is critical to feeding, mating, and predator avoidance behaviors, while the latter is essent

76 Alternatively, predator avoidance might also redirect dispersal towards

77 biquitous in nature, impact social behavior, predator avoidance, and protection from ultraviolet irra

78 fitness, such as mate-choice, foraging, and predator avoidance.

79 that house structure has in food capture and predator avoidance.

80 examining the invasive bacterial periplasmic predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, we report a diversi

81 c and aerobic depression and changes to anti-predator behavior, with implications for the outcome of

82 etecting these auditory cues may aid in anti-predator behavior.

83 t intensity to "hide" their silhouettes from predators below.

84 hewing herbivores tracked plant quality; and predator biomass did not depend on plant quality, plant

85 Furthermore, neither predator biomass nor trophic position (via stable isotop

86 As zooplanktivorous predators, bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) must rout

87 have increased selection pressure from seed predators but not from pollination efficiency.

88 ample chance to escape from a sea lion-sized predator, but humpback whales could capture as much as 3

89 enses that impede egg development or attract predators, but information on the nature of egg-associat

90 y are assumed to be an easy target for naive predators, but this cost may be reduced if multiple pred

91 e exposes them to detection by eavesdropping predators, but while some species exploit social defence

92 ole in defending against nonhuman vertebrate predators by male spiders, with their lethal effects on

93 itude habitats by this aggressively invasive predator, by making previously sub-optimal habitats prog

94 Thus, while predators can affect steroids in adults, including mothe

95 wilderness and growing recognition that top predators can have a profound influence on ecosystems, t

96 ists on how habitat selection of mid-ranking predators can influence population-level processes in mu

97 orts the idea that social interactions among predators can reduce attacks on aposematic prey and ther

98 ile N. exornata is an ant-eating euryphagous predator catching mainly Myrmicinae ants.

99 es are ant-eating (specialised) stenophagous predators, catching mainly Formicinae ants, while N. exo

100 s support the idea that spatial variation in predator communities alters the strength or direction of

101 We also demonstrated the role of changes in predator communities in stimulating unanticipated biolog

102 artitioning and coexistence in these diverse predator communities.

103 ur is predicted by local morph frequency and predator community composition.

104 and heterospecific information use across a predator community with wild-caught blue tits (Cyanistes

105 roundings-resources and risks, pathogens and predators, competitors and cooperators.

106 All predators consumed more collared than brown lemmings com

107 nsumed varied among species with the largest predators consuming the largest lemmings and the smalles

108 suming the largest lemmings and the smallest predators consuming the smallest lemmings.

109 However, it is largely unknown how predators continue to influence these habitat selection

110 rom grass lemmas, provide protection against predators, contribute to photosynthesis and aid in grain

111 e to track the trajectory of a target (prey, predator, cospecific) or to control the course of naviga

112 The magnitude of reaction to predator cues by salmon group followed the gradient of p

113 peratures (25 and 28 degrees C) with/without predator cues from climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) f

114 interactive effects of Pb, temperature, and predator cues on M. dubia were stronger across F1-F9 and

115 mesh enclosure in the river with and without predator cues present to measure their reaction to a pre

116 When they detect predator cues such as bat echolocation calls, males typi

117 ild salmon groups slowed down in response to predator cues, whereas hatchery salmon did not change tr

118 ronger at 25 degrees C and in the absence of predator cues.

119 hile maternal Daphnia developed typical anti-predator defence mechanisms when exposed to kairomones a

120 othalamus is a central node of the mammalian predator defense network.

121 erative group behavior and its importance in predator defense.

122 Given the NCEs of apex predators demonstrated here, however, unbiased assessmen

123 Non-consumptive predator effects (NCEs) are now widely recognised for th

124 t and that the presence or absence of remote predator effects on habitat selection depends on the dis

125 nvestment, could predict post-dispersal seed predator effects on seed removal and plant recruitment.

126 g habitat in analyses that have not assessed predator effects.

127 viour and physiology of prey species even if predator encounters are infrequent.

128 llow-dwelling benthic species and generalist predator endemic to the temperate coastal waters around

129 p to understand the consequences of invasive predator eradication and inform conservation measures.

130 chance of survival against visually hunting predators even further by choosing glossier backgrounds.

131 rphology and invertebrate communities with a predator exclusion experiment to elucidate the drivers,

132 ur model, which predicts that prey with more predator experience should engage in more antipredator b

133 Hatchery salmon had the least predator experience, followed by wild salmon captured up

134 lmon group followed the gradient of previous predator experience, supporting the sensitization hypoth

135 onses of juvenile and adult geckos in single-predator experiments at 20, 23 and 26 degrees C.

136 predator-exposed maternal grandfather (i.e. predator-exposed F0 males to F1 daughters to F2s), a pre

137 predator-exposed paternal grandfather (i.e. predator-exposed F0 males to F1 sons to F2s) or two pred

138 We reared F1 offspring of unexposed and predator-exposed F0 males under 'control' conditions and

139 survival were non-additive: offspring with a predator-exposed father, but not two predator-exposed pa

140 Predator-exposed fathers produced sons that were more ri

141 r-exposed F0 males to F1 sons to F2s) or two predator-exposed grandfathers.

142 to generate F2s with control grandfathers, a predator-exposed maternal grandfather (i.e. predator-exp

143 uced sons that were more risk-prone, whereas predator-exposed mothers produced more anxious sons and

144 with a predator-exposed father, but not two predator-exposed parents, had lower survival against liv

145 -exposed F0 males to F1 daughters to F2s), a predator-exposed paternal grandfather (i.e. predator-exp

146 osed to a rat to investigate the encoding of predator fear in the dorsomedial division of the ventrom

147 Phages tend to be predators finely tuned to attack specific hosts, even do

148 re a main source of PFAA accumulation in top predator fish.

149 disease dynamics in a territorial, solitary predator for an indirectly transmitted pathogen.

150 ngaged in evolutionary arms races with their predators for more than 100 million years and have perfo

151 s our findings in the context of generalized predator foraging behavior and the functions of multimod

152 In some families, predator-free patches at certain distances from the pred

153 might also redirect dispersal towards nearby predator-free patches resulting in so-called habitat com

154 rom migratory birds and ungulates to an apex predator, further demonstrating the potential effects of

155 aits at different flows of a freshwater apex predator, Ganges River dolphin (GRD, Platanista gangetic

156 scanned for tags regurgitated by a key avian predator (great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo) at nearby

157 Dromaeosauridae), a group of dynamic, swift predators, have a sparse fossil record, particularly at

158 t may include sex differences in exposure to predators, immune capacity and cost of reproduction.

159 We confirm that effects of predators in a natural ecosystem can extend beyond the p

160 e sentinel species that are key invertebrate predators in both aquatic (as larvae) and terrestrial ec

161 F1) are necessary for defensive responses to predators in mice(4-7).

162 nd represents the greatest biomass of marine predators in south-eastern Australia.

163 are likely to remain important prey for top predators in Southern Ocean food webs, despite ongoing c

164 as 0.3, equivalent to native species of nest predators in the study area (e.g., gray fox [Urocyon cin

165 teraction outcomes and direct observation of predators in the temperate zone and tropics.

166 g rapidly is effective for escaping pursuing predators in the wild, but we did not find evidence that

167 ores, invertebrate predators, and vertebrate predators) in 75 grassland fields with a broad range of

168 ces of the largest arthropod predators (apex predators) in field mesocosms replicated in the leaf-lit

169 e Azores, acting as feeding stations for top predators, including cetaceans.

170 robust multi-species comparative analysis of predator-induced bodily damage in wild animals.

171 L inhibitor JZL184 might modulate persistent predator-induced fear in rats, a model that captures fea

172 r numbers of colonists providing evidence of predator-induced habitat compression.

173 oach revealed extensive genetic variation in predator-induced plasticity in ancestral populations of

174 Yet, forecasting the propagation of these predator-induced trait changes through particular commun

175 The goal of our study was to understand how predators influence the ability of range-shifting prey t

176 The effects of predator intimidation on habitat use and behavior of pre

177 how the reproductive success of a top marine predator is being affected by ecosystem change.

178 tem can extend beyond the patch in which the predator is present and that the presence or absence of

179 head whales (Balaena mysticetus; n = 7), and predator, killer whales (Orcinus orca; n = 3), in a larg

180 enigmatically defenceless against their main predator, killer whales.

181 rs, but this cost may be reduced if multiple predators learn by observing single predation events.

182 tal number of valid sequences, at individual predator level it was 0.05%.

183 reviously observed to affect krill-dependent predators, like penguins.

184 herbivores when plant production is low, to predator limitation when plant production is high.

185 Predator loss and climate change are hallmarks of the An

186 Our results suggest that predators may facilitate lower trophic levels by indirec

187 Shifts in densities of apex predators may indirectly affect fundamental ecosystem pr

188 nsights into hybrid viability, with links to predator-mediated ecological selection.

189 Our analysis revealed pronounced predator-mediated shifts in prey habitat use and behavio

190 y-diverging groups of generally large-bodied predators (megalosauroids, allosauroids, tyrannosauroid

191 Heterospecific information use by predators might further benefit aposematic prey, but thi

192 e dynamics, from reaction-diffusion and prey-predators models to multispecies mixtures of microorgani

193 h can reduce the sighting distance of visual predators more than 6-fold compared to fish with 2% refl

194 In the subpopulation with fewer predators, more explorative sharks in captivity took mor

195 Parents faced with a predator must choose between their own safety versus tak

196 To make adaptive foraging decisions, predators need to gather information about the profitabi

197 Exposure to predator odor during protracted withdrawal from intermit

198 mote abnormal stress behavioral responses to predator odor during protracted withdrawal.

199 y Boillat et al. reported that attraction to predator odor following Toxoplasma infection is not spec

200 -BNST pathway restored abnormal responses to predator odor in alcohol-exposed mice.

201 A) plays an important role in avoidance of a predator odor stress-paired context.

202 As predators of bacteria, amoebae select for traits that al

203 nent of soil microbiome, are one of the main predators of bacteria.

204 Larval fishes are known predators of Oithona, however, Random Forests models sho

205 New World army ants are largely specialist predators of other ants, with each species specializing

206 es, most focused on top-down effects of apex predators on mesopredator population dynamics, whereas s

207 Conversely, we detected a legacy effect of predators on plankton in the fishless environment.

208 ht affect the impacts of native and invasive predators on recipient communities.

209 Here we show that selection by avian predators on warning colour is predicted by local morph

210 ll moving objects, which may represent prey, predators, or conspecifics.

211 r-free patches at certain distances from the predator patch were avoided, confirming risk contagion.

212 owever, under projections of climate change, predator plasticity was insufficient to keep pace with p

213 Yet in mobile marine predators, population genetic consequences of such repet

214 effects of these changes are buffered by top predator populations, and therefore how much plasticity

215 Rather than traditional pairwise predator-prey diel comparisons, we considered spatiotemp

216 lection patterns may help to explain complex predator-prey dynamics and cascading indirect effects.

217 indings illustrate a potential decoupling of predator-prey dynamics, with impacts likely cascading to

218 Only 9% of camera trap studies on predator-prey ecology in our review use experimental met

219 play an important role in understanding the predator-prey ecology of free-living animals, and such m

220 effects (NCEs), are an important feature of predator-prey ecology, but their significance has had li

221 l techniques to test a perennial question in predator-prey ecology: how prey balance foraging and saf

222 of this synthetic approach through a simple predator-prey example.

223 ncrease in fish production, while changes in predator-prey interactions cannot.

224 Whereas direct observations of predator-prey interactions in nature are rare, insight c

225 Our results suggest that predator-prey interactions may not always result in stro

226 Predator-prey interactions play important roles in the c

227 provide an overview of enemy-risk effects in predator-prey interactions, discuss ways in which risk e

228 We show that in visually guided predator-prey interactions, planning provides a signific

229 inferences on the spatiotemporal outcomes of predator-prey interactions, the capacity for observation

230 s were tightly coupled, indicating potential predator-prey interactions.

231 understanding how future land-use may impact predator-prey interactions.

232 human presence and consequential changes in predator-prey overlap using 11,111 detections of 3 large

233 effects of habitat on survival for different predator-prey pairs.

234 ped an individual-based model of terrestrial predator-prey pursuits in habitats with programmable fea

235 nd ringed seals (Pusa hispida) have a strong predator-prey relationship and are facing climate-associ

236 We demonstrate that the predator-prey relationship is highly conserved between m

237 ts into the coevolution of this interkingdom predator-prey relationship, we investigated natural popu

238 g predation in the arms race that drives the predator-prey shell game.

239 ining two tenets of ecology-niche theory and predator-prey theory-provides an opportunity to understa

240 micellar surfactant solutions can result in predator-prey-like non-reciprocal chasing interactions.

241 tively recently (<5 Ma) and exploits extreme predator/prey size ratios to overcome the maneuverabilit

242 Predator recovery often leads to ecosystem change that c

243 n can strongly oppose the effect of invasive predators, reducing antipredator behaviour to levels low

244 The apparent use of sea ice as a predator refuge also has implications for how bowhead wh

245 and selection is necessary to determine how predators regulate prey competitive interactions.

246 in sensory development and determining anti-predator responses in metamorphosing convict surgeonfish

247 Thus, relatively little is known about top predators' responses to such environmental disturbances.

248 to indicate, at relatively low cost, that a predator's further approach is futile.

249 visual models to predict a trichromatic fish predator's perception of these colour variations.

250 e abundance of refuges and obstacles and the predator's relative performance capabilities.

251 lls can contain detailed information about a predator's threat, and heterospecific eavesdropping on t

252 ches vary their mobbing calls to reflect the predator's threat.

253 esource-poor monocultures, the ants were top predators, sharing a trophic position with predatory spi

254 ition and allowing coexistence of four avian predators (snowy owls, glaucous gulls, rough-legged hawk

255 out novel aposematic prey occurs in multiple predator species and across species boundaries.

256 reas in North America and Europe where large predator species are currently recolonizing their former

257 hus, we investigated the association between predator species richness and incidence of rodent-borne

258 ther primates did not feature in the prey or predator spectrum during evolution of these spiders, and

259 situ humpback whale attack data to model how predator speed and engulfment timing affected capture ra

260 ng the invasion and proliferation of a novel predator (spiny waterflea, Bythotrephes longimanus).

261 ledge gap is magnified for dispersed oceanic predators such as endangered blue whales (Balaenoptera m

262 n outcomes of MPAs for mobile and long-lived predators such as sharks are highly variable.

263 s that are vital for their health and higher predator survival.

264 isparate animal phyla and encompasses ambush predators, suspension feeders and terrestrial earthworms

265 nfluence population-level processes in multi-predator systems.

266 Polistes dominula is an under-recognized predator that may diminish the urban sector's contributi

267 i (NTF) are a group of specialized microbial predators that consume nematodes when food sources are l

268 gators (Alligator mississippiensis) are apex predators that have received minimal attention within ur

269 struggling to relearn how to live with apex predators that kill livestock, compete for game species,

270 r also imply that dromaeosaurids were active predators that occupied discrete ecological niches while

271 g(-1) dw), indicating exposure risks for top predators that prey in riparian zones.

272 es, testing their ability to adjust to novel predators that use different hunting strategies.

273 ggered a competitive release on the smallest predator, the jaeger, with respect to prey size and nest

274 ) in one of the most contaminated arctic top predators, the glaucous gull Larus hyperboreus from Sval

275 g, negative relationships with two gastropod predators-the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus)

276 esponse to phytophagous Coleoptera and total predators; the numbers of the leafminer Lyriomyza sp. di

277 species richness of both avian and mammalian predators; the trends for both predator types were simil

278 is) increased with plant biomass, suggesting predators themselves are top-down limited.

279 Lacking the ability to fly away from predators, this desert insect has extremely impact-resis

280 ed indirectly by viral transfer from prey to predator, through D. magna feeding on virus-loaded T. py

281 ips, as the coyote varied from being an apex predator to a subordinate, mesopredator across sampled p

282 red the size and species of prey consumed by predators to see if resource partitioning occurred.

283 We found that predators took longer to attack larvae that were resting

284 adly, how a nutritional constraint can drive predators towards omnivory.

285 We quantified prey and predator traits from hundreds of individuals across thei

286 amine geographic patterns of prey traits and predator traits in the relatively unstudied interaction

287 and mammalian predators; the trends for both predator types were similar.

288 e discovery of guidance rules that attacking predators use to intercept mobile prey, and coordinated

289 Bivalves protect themselves from predators using both mechanical and behavioral defenses.

290 scales and is confirmed by modelling of two predator vision systems.

291 ts, a 50% reduction in the densities of apex predators was associated with a 50% reduction in decompo

292 Here, using domestic chicks as a model predator, we manipulated the degree of achromatic contra

293 On islands from which invasive predators were eradicated ~11 years previously, FID was

294 Numbers of predators were significantly depressed by synthetic inse

295 Predators were the only group negatively affected by inc

296 t for the effects of both present and remote predators when explaining community assembly in metacomm

297 tokens under threat of capture by a virtual predator, which would lead to token loss.

298 deer Capreolus capreolus being killed by two predators with contrasting hunting tactics, the Eurasian

299 ypothesized that altering abundances of apex predators would have stronger effects on soil communitie

300 suggest they should easily evade whale-sized predators, yet they are regularly hunted by some species