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1 proportion of dopaminergic and GABAergic VTA projections to 10 target nuclei: anterior cingulate, pre
7 historical hindcasts (1850-2005) and future projections to 2100 following representative concentrati
8 tion of tectal neurons with a defined axonal projection to a second-order visual area: id2b:gal4-posi
10 computation to compare disturbance-impacted projections to a population's normal range of variation,
11 ch comprise melanopsin-expressing types with projections to a small subset of central targets, select
12 w that a specific subset of superficial mPFC projections to a subfield of nucleus accumbens (NAc) neu
15 otyped topographical pattern, send divergent projections to amygdala subnuclei, and differ in their p
16 The broadly-distributed, non-topographic projections to and from the olfactory cortex may suggest
17 , an abnormal sensitivity of thalamocortical projections to antipsychotics, and an abnormal acoustic-
20 were counted so that the relative density of projections to areas 2 and 5 from other cortical fields
21 found that the claustral territories sending projections to areas PE and PEc partially overlapped zon
23 l pathways, and sends a prominent descending projection to ascending and premotor, subpallial stages
24 orm surges with probabilistic sea-level rise projections to assess future coastal inundation in New Y
26 , dmPFC, vmPFC projections to NAcS, or vmPFC projections to basolateral amygdala, to punished EtOH-SA
27 ns, have caused the resulting variability in projections to be viewed as the irreducible uncertainty
28 ived cortical neurons send widespread axonal projections to both hemispheres of rats with ischemic le
30 avior, which is mediated by their collateral projections to both the motor-related layers of the supe
32 to the basal ganglia and through descending projections to brainstem motor circuits.SIGNIFICANCE STA
33 n to the caudal medulla primarily and axonal projections to brainstem motor nuclei most prominently,
34 respiratory group, but RTN has very limited projections to brainstem regions that regulate arousal (
38 hese findings support the hypothesis that LC projections to CeA are critical for the expression of de
39 ce for cross-species conservation of sensory projections to central emotion-processing brain regions.
40 although the contribution of these indirect projections to circadian photoreception is currently poo
41 interface and performs a gene-subset linear projection to cluster heterogeneous samples by Gene Onto
42 f dendritic spines, new patterns of cortical projections to contralateral pre-motor cortex, and upreg
44 It is still widely thought that cortical projections to distant brain areas derive by and large f
45 GRP neurons revealed ascending polysynaptic projections to distinct areas and nuclei in the brainste
47 tes, V1 layers (L)2/3 and 4B send segregated projections to distinct cytochrome oxidase (CO) stripes
48 tions of pyramidal neurons (PNs) send axonal projections to distinct targets, suggesting multiple cel
50 tic manipulations of either the avBST or its projections to downstream regions, and 48 h later were t
52 n medium spiny striatal neurons and in their projections to entopeduncular nucleus/substantia nigra a
53 GMP catabolism, is downregulated in striatal projections to entopeduncular nucleus/substantia nigra,
55 ility, and costs were combined with lifetime projections to evaluate lifetime cost-effectiveness of t
56 s increases, states must have individualized projections to evaluate the unique challenges they will
57 iated inactivation of OFC-->BLA or BLA-->OFC projections to evaluate their respective contributions t
62 DYT1 mice, PDE10A is upregulated in striatal projections to globus pallidus, preferentially expressin
63 dback to first-order thalamus and also sends projections to higher-order thalamus, yet how it engages
64 how neuromodulation via locus coeruleus (LC) projections to HPC area CA1 (LC-CA1) regulates the overr
65 loping postnatal mouse PCs and used metagene projection to identify the most salient patterns of PC g
66 avenues to improve the usefulness of hazard projections to inform decision-making such as (i) repres
68 D3-receptor-expressing neurons send axonal projections to intratelencephalic (IT) targets, includin
69 l as adjacent nidopallial areas, send axonal projections to ipsilateral Av; Av in turn projects to co
71 hical Cluster Analysis (HCA), and Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (O
72 is [principal component analysis, orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) and OPLS with di
74 etween blanching treatments while Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (
76 odelling of class analogies and (orthogonal) projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis t
77 g are assembled from VP cell types and their projections to lateral hypothalamus (LH) and ventral teg
78 but not to relapse during reacquisition, via projections to LH, where they converge with ventral stri
80 at aberrant functioning of midbrain dopamine projections to limbic regions causes psychotic symptoms.
82 ted by using only two of 984 conventional CT projections to locate and reconstruct the needle, which
84 CeA(GA) neurons have widespread inhibitory projections to many affective pain-processing centers.
86 aversive stimuli and sends robust inhibitory projections to midbrain dopamine neurons, leading to the
87 natomic evidence revealing novel cholinergic projections to MNTB arising from pontine and superior ol
89 information processing area sends extensive projections to multiple brain centers, but the behaviora
90 tisensory nature of the JO together with its projections to multisensory neuropils in the ant brain l
91 chial (PBN) nuclei and brainstem showed dual projections to muscle + WAT, muscle + BAT, and WAT + BAT
92 of this work was to test the necessity of IC projections to NAc during social affective behavior.
94 onal contribution of the vmPFC, dmPFC, vmPFC projections to NAcS, or vmPFC projections to basolateral
96 or rapid post-acquisition alignment of these projections to obtain high quality three-dimensional ima
98 L cells showed that they send profuse axonal projections to olfactory cortical areas, but not to the
100 ing specific receptor genes send stereotyped projections to one or two of about 50 morphologically de
101 neurons in a single brain and relating those projections to other properties such as gene or Cre expr
102 urons within the pBNST send dense inhibitory projections to other stress-related brain regions (for e
103 e, we use immunostaining to quantify the MOC projections to outer hair cells and lateral OC (LOC) pro
104 ement tuning is determined by the pattern of projections to output neurons and may even be uncorrelat
105 t, for neurons that only affect movement via projections to output neurons, the relationship between
106 obutyric acid (GABA) neurons or their axonal projections to paraventricular thalamus (PVT) excitatory
107 the olfactory bulb and sends an associative projection to piriform cortex that has potential roles i
108 ) of thalamus, a homolog of pulvinar, or its projection to primary visual cortex (V1), we found that
111 orts on a new direct descending dopaminergic projection to reticulospinal neurons that modulates loco
112 n cocaine seeking by implicating PL efferent projections to RMTg in inhibiting cue-induced reinstatem
113 estigated the potential circuit suggested by projections to RSCg layer 1 (L1) from GABAergic CA1 neur
114 propose that granulosa cells use cytoplasmic projections to search for the oocyte, and cumulus cell d
115 ) connects subcortically, sending inhibitory projections to sensorimotor structures, including the su
116 metabolism and reproduction because of their projections to several brain areas both in and outside o
117 lux through TRPV4 channels at myoendothelial projections to smooth muscle cells decreases resting blo
118 en predicts dendrite morphologies and axonal projections to specific tectal layers and extratectal ta
119 RVLM) regulate blood pressure through direct projections to spinal sympathetic preganglionic neurons.
121 s highlight an unexpected contribution of M2 projections to striatal dysfunction in the Sapap3-KO obs
122 the preoptic nucleus, which send long-range projections to targets throughout the brain, including t
123 not into the auditory AI, revealed a massive projection to tectal layer 13 and other tectal related a
125 mic neurons of layer 6 send a dense feedback projection to thalamic nuclei that provide input to sens
129 lPAG NTS neurons is partly mediated by their projection to the caudal ventromedial medulla, where the
132 t the role of the infralimbic cortex and its projection to the nucleus accumbens shell in suppressing
133 llum largely arises from the lateral LM; the projection to the oculomotor cerebellum largely arises f
134 tectofugal visual system and its descending projection to the optic tectum (TeO) has been less inves
135 irectional activity modulations of LP or its projection to the primary auditory cortex (A1) in awake
138 te that the cMRF provides a dense, bilateral projection to the region of the medial rectus C-group mo
139 on prey, was mediated by a central amygdala projection to the reticular formation in the brainstem.
144 -fugal visual pathway is a massive bilateral projection to the thalamus originating from a distinct n
145 o each projection, with the exception of the projection to the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray, whe
149 in part, from claustrum and/or peri-insular projections to the anterior cingulate and medial prefron
152 led the key contribution of dorsal subiculum projections to the anteromedial and anteroventral thalam
154 tivity in the ventral CA1 (vCA1) hippocampal projections to the basal amygdala (BA), paired with aver
155 dulate locomotor behavior both via ascending projections to the basal ganglia and through descending
156 locomotor behaviors through their ascending projections to the basal ganglia, which in turn project
157 is observed after the inhibition of CeA CRF projections to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (
158 on of PNOC(ARC) neurons in the ARC and their projections to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis p
159 ed in novel, nonthreatening environments via projections to the BLA but do so as a result of training
162 r results highlight how CeAL CRF neurons and projections to the BNSTDL consolidate longer-lasting com
163 to examine the role of CeAL CRF neurons and projections to the BNSTDL during the acquisition of cont
164 mportant roles in the development of retinal projections to the brain and in motion detection, specif
166 aintenance of opiate-associated memories via projections to the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA)
167 pe-specific manner, from remodeling of input projections to the characterization of specific molecula
168 lude that most cortical areas send bilateral projections to the claustrum, the majority being denser
171 te and the secondary motor areas send denser projections to the contralateral claustrum than to the i
172 dient of Fzd3 in inner ear afferents directs projections to the correct dorsoventral column within th
173 gic positive cells in the IC, and descending projections to the DCN were colabeled with antibodies ag
174 on of Rorb in the wild type showed increased projections to the dLGN and decreased projections to the
175 rved in global and conditional Rorb mutants: projections to the dLGN were strongly decreased, and pro
177 ophila appears to be a group of neurons with projections to the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB neurons)
178 out two dozen sleep-inducing neurons(3) with projections to the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) adjust t
179 main segregated within the IPS, and that its projections to the dorsal stream can be further segregat
180 s in the medial prefrontal cortex, including projections to the dorsomedial striatum, maintained pers
181 results support the idea that inhibiting LHb projections to the DRN provides animals with resilience
182 from the mid- and hindbrain, its widespread projections to the forebrain and its role in sharp-wave
185 express the neuropeptide somatostatin, send projections to the globus pallidus external segment (GPe
186 , we found that a subset of CeA neurons send projections to the GPe, and the majority of these GPe-pr
188 ons to outer hair cells and lateral OC (LOC) projections to the inner hair cell area in humans 0-89 y
193 basal forebrain signaling, mediated through projections to the lateral hypothalamus, promotes select
197 n activates nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) projections to the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN) a
199 nstrate that the CeA sends robust inhibitory projections to the lateral substantia nigra (SNL) that c
201 n lineage 7B, Unc-4 promotes proper neuronal projections to the leg neuropil and a specific flight-re
203 ntial but not exclusive role of rEPN and its projections to the LHb in processing the aversive effect
207 licated in cocaine seeking and found that DH projections to the LS govern cocaine seeking on AD30.
208 ndicates that optogenetic stimulation of BLA projections to the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) enhanc
210 enhancement of the flight behavior via their projections to the medial posterior complex of thalamus
211 ocomotor movements through direct descending projections to the mesencephalic locomotor region and sp
213 In contrast, prey pursuit was mediated by projections to the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter.
215 tual loss of 5HT neurons in the DRif and its projections to the mPFC as evidenced by fewer labeled ce
221 basolateral amygdala (BLA) sends excitatory projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and regulates
222 opamine-producing VTA neurons with divergent projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and shel
224 ) sleep-active, produced wakefulness through projections to the nucleus accumbens and the lateral hyp
225 ne neurons grouped according to their axonal projections to the nucleus accumbens or dorsal striatum
226 gation of these pathways in their subsequent projections to the nucleus ovoidalis (Ov) in the thalamu
228 hese findings suggest that glutamatergic AON projections to the OB impede early olfactory signaling b
229 0, 360, 480 and 729-day) revealed comparable projections to the observed long-term SOC changes under
231 Likewise, activation of glutamatergic AON projections to the olfactory bulb (OB) transiently inhib
233 Brn3b(+) Ret(+) RGCs shows minor ipsilateral projections to the olivary pretectal nucleus and the LGN
234 neity of the BF, we mapped the pattern of BF projections to the orexin neurons across multiple BF reg
235 negative-valence signal is transmitted along projections to the organum vasculosum of the lamina term
236 SSNA), arterial pressure, and heart rate via projections to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dor
237 the area are largely glutamatergic and send projections to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypoth
238 ressing neurons in the hindbrain send robust projections to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypoth
239 eptin receptors in the mouse and send direct projections to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypoth
240 ly overlapped zones previously shown to form projections to the posterior parietal, somatosensory, vi
242 ns revealed that while activation of VLM(CA) projections to the pPVT was sufficient to elicit robust
243 We showed that ventral HC (vHC) neurons with projections to the PrL cortex (vHC-PrL projectors) are a
244 nown about the laminar distribution of these projections to the pulvinar across visual cortical areas
245 is view ignores the cortico-thalamo-cortical projections to the pulvinar nucleus in the thalamus, whi
246 ade tracing approach to map direct brainstem projections to the putative location of pF(L) , with RNA
247 find that activation of SF1 neurons or their projections to the PVT elicits a flavor aversive effect,
248 togenetic stimulation of ChR2-expressing SF1 projections to the PVT elicits direct excitatory postsyn
249 n of the PVT-projecting SF1 neurons or their projections to the PVT inhibits food intake, and chemica
250 Taken together with prior studies of IP projections to the raphe, these results form an emerging
251 pothalamicnucleus sends direct oxytocinergic projections to the rostral agranular insular cortex on G
252 the periaqueductal gray, and its descending projections to the rostral ventromedial medulla and spin
253 driving reinstatement of cocaine seeking, PL projections to the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg)
254 m that this preparation retains intact optic projections to the SCN, thalamus and pretectum and a fun
257 ndings reveal a consistent pattern: cortical projections to the somatosensory thalamus target thalamo
258 ord, while other studies demonstrate that CS projections to the spinal cord are eliminated in an acti
260 l evidence that a circuit involving cortical projections to the striatum and midbrain may underlie th
261 lls, we show that the switching neurons make projections to the substantia nigra (SN), ventral tegmen
262 sults ascribe motor and sensory roles to ACC projections to the superior colliculus and the visual co
265 alculate the effect of localizer radiography projections to the total radiation dose, including both
267 uts from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) include projections to the ventral pallidum and the ventral tegm
268 of LDTg GLP-1R-expressing neurons and their projections to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the r
269 that the cerebellum sends direct excitatory projections to the ventral tegmental area (VTA), one of
270 moment of shock delivery and was mediated by projections to the ventral tegmental area, which is cons
271 with wide dynamic ranges, send glutamatergic projections to the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vl
272 p2 and Pdyn cases was a notable lack of Pdyn projections to the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus.
275 ly, NTS(HSD2) neurons stimulate appetite via projections to the vlBNST, which is also the effector si
277 er photometry, we find that medial NAc shell projections to the VTA (mNAc->VTA) are inhibited during
278 These results demonstrate that GABAergic projections to the VTA are a major contributor to the re
280 food reward and consumption; yet, LHA (GABA) projections to the VTA exclusively modulated food consum
282 to the lateral hypothalamus, the role of NAc projections to the VTA in the control food intake has be
283 trols feeding: optogenetic activation of NAc projections to the VTA inhibits food-seeking and food in
284 study, we mapped the major neurotransmitter projections to the VTA through cell-type-specific retrog
285 ens (NAc) provides one of the most prominent projections to the VTA; however, recent studies have pro
288 erneuron populations use specific anatomical projections to transform sensations into reflexive actio
289 eference-based algorithm (called constrained projection) to two non-constrained approaches including
290 l accounted for by a model assuming thalamic projections to two cortical layer-4 cell populations: on
294 major ascending projections, including focal projections to ventral hippocampus, ventrolateral septum
295 risingly, driving excitatory thalamocortical projections to VLO at low frequencies (5-10 Hz) evoked w
296 Bidirectional modulation of avoidance by PL projections to VS and BLA enables the animal to make app
297 ontine tegmental nucleus sends glutamatergic projections to VTA dopamine neurons, and that stimulatio