ライフサイエンスコーパス: protofilament

1 , and (4) prevent the growth of Abeta(17-36) protofilament.

2 (tense), which is favored for subunits in a protofilament.

3 Ndc80 complex tilts more toward the adjacent protofilament.

4 as two neighboring actin subunits along one protofilament.

5 terminal turn, en route to the final U-shape protofilament.

6 by a U-shape oligomeric nucleus into U-shape protofilament.

7 ers from adjacent protofilaments or within a protofilament.

8 erise, forming a canonical tubulin/FtsZ-like protofilament.

9 ther is switched to the opposite side of the protofilament.

10 axonemal dyneins, that contacts the adjacent protofilament.

11 finity when the subunit is incorporated in a protofilament.

12 bit the formation of a U-shaped Abeta(17-36) protofilament.

13 the V shape of the Ska dimer interacts along protofilaments.

14 ffinity but is deficient in clustering along protofilaments.

15 ent, each of which consists of two different protofilaments.

16 increasing lateral interactions between FtsZ protofilaments.

17 to form U-shaped, S-shaped, and Omega-shaped protofilaments.

18 s of the asymmetric unit or multiple twisted protofilaments.

19 compared with the average size of the intact protofilaments.

20 ent, other kinesins, akin to dyneins, switch protofilaments.

21 7-42 peptides from disordered oligomers into protofilaments.

22 suggesting that the motor stabilizes growing protofilaments.

23 microtubules undergo lateral opening between protofilaments.

24 assumed to be pairs of laterally associated protofilaments.

25 ter has been implicated in cross-linking the protofilaments.

26 ar structure containing 11 near-longitudinal protofilaments.

27 effect on both preassembled and growing FtsZ protofilaments.

28 units are added to and lost from individual protofilaments.

29 itch helical arrangement for the constituent protofilaments.

30 to the bottom and dissociate from the top of protofilaments.

31 FtsZ clusters that consist of multiple FtsZ protofilaments.

32 account for interactions between neighboring protofilaments.

33 hes) for the one and three predominant HET-s protofilaments.

34 ules are present at the interface of the two protofilaments.

35 s two alphabeta-tubulin subunits on adjacent protofilaments.

36 acts with FtsZ and promotes bundling of FtsZ protofilaments.

37 egation pathways for left- and right-twisted protofilaments.

38 with both the microtubule lattice and curved protofilaments.

39 ially by interacting with curved microtubule protofilaments.

40 bacteria may involve lateral association of protofilaments.

41 allel strands, each composed of two parallel protofilaments.

42 tridium tetani that is constructed from four protofilaments.

43 ons instead assemble together into composite protofilaments.

44 promoting lateral interactions between FtsZ protofilaments.

45 triphosphate tubulin to the tips of curving protofilaments.

46 low dynamicity, and unusual stability of the protofilaments.

47 to take sideways steps on to neighboring MT protofilaments.

48 m the ordered core of two identical C-shaped protofilaments.

49 ry mechanism for assembly onto single flared protofilaments.

50 ymorphic but consist of similarly structured protofilaments.

51 omolog, which assembles into single-stranded protofilaments.

52 wing ends of MTs separate into flared single protofilaments.

53 cylation leads to faster diffusion across MT protofilaments.

54 strate the spring-like elasticity of curling protofilaments.

55 o-EM reconstruction, and show that it has 11 protofilaments.

56 y strengthening lateral interactions between protofilaments.

57 d enhances lateral interactions between FtsZ protofilaments.

58 ubulin dimers, with most cells containing 13-protofilament (13-p) MTs.

59 ook view, microtubules are 1) composed of 13 protofilaments, 2) arranged in a radial array by the cen

60 in only one type of Ribbon, corresponding to protofilaments A11-12-13-1 of the A-tubule.

61 nt microtubules of Prosthecobacter to the 40-protofilament accessory microtubules of mantidfly sperm.

62 Both wild-type and L-isoAsp23 protofilaments adopt beta-helix-like folds with tightly

63 FtsZ protofilaments align circumferentially in the cell, with

64 tes lateral interactions between neighboring protofilaments and acts as a flexible hinge between them

65 ta-tubulin heterodimers arranged into linear protofilaments and assembled into tubes.

66 FtsZ polymerizes into protofilaments and assembles into the Z-ring at the futu

67 Remarkably, MinC effects on FtsZ-GTP protofilaments and binding affinity to FtsZ-GDP were str

68 ometric levels to FtsZ, causes shortening of protofilaments and blocks the assembly of higher-order F

69 es, stabilizing lateral interactions between protofilaments and constraining quinary structure to pro

70 t fine-tune the association between adjacent protofilaments and enable the formation of uniform micro

71 Adding a bottom capper resulted in shorter protofilaments and higher GTPase, similar to the effect

72 the correlation between supercoiling of the protofilaments and molecular dynamics in the flagellar f

73 otein secondary structures on the surface of protofilaments and on flat and twisted fibrils allowed u

74 cell division, but the interactions between protofilaments and regulatory mechanisms that mediate cl

75 t Kar3Vik1 binds across adjacent microtubule protofilaments and uses a minus-end-directed powerstroke

76 zation (3) disrupt a pre-formed Abeta(17-36) protofilament, and (4) prevent the growth of Abeta(17-36

77 t also the beta-sheet interfaces within each protofilament, and in addition to identify the nature of

78 r between the globular domain of FtsZ in the protofilament, and its attachment to FtsA/ZipA at the me

79 d comprise more molecules than a single FtsZ protofilament, and likely represent a distinct polymeric

80 tubulin-like FtsZ, which forms GTP-dependent protofilaments, and actin-like FtsA, which tethers FtsZ

81 Tubulins associate longitudinally to form protofilaments, and adjacent protofilaments associate la

82 ficantly reduces the GTPase activity of FtsZ protofilaments, and FtsZ polymers assembled in guanosine

83 10 tubulin rings, which mimic curved tubulin protofilaments, and that stathmin depolymerizes stabiliz

84 ntagonizes lateral interactions between FtsZ protofilaments, and that the oligomeric state of FtsA ma

85 bly cooperativity and enable treadmilling of protofilaments, and that these features are required for

86 ing, was shown here to assemble one-stranded protofilaments, and the assembly was blocked by SulA.

87 Their dynamic properties imply that protofilaments are bundled in these assemblies.

88 ssay, we also found that not all microtubule protofilaments are equivalent interacting substrates for

89 model of "Z-ring" organization whereby FtsZ protofilaments are randomly distributed within the band

90 Without MEC-17, MTs with between 11 and 15 protofilaments are seen.

91 The molecular interactions within single protofilaments are similar to F-actin, yet interactions

92 ht to be lost, while lateral contacts across protofilaments are still maintained.

93 ved hydrogen-bond network and surprising new protofilament arrangements.

94 rain phospholipids that associate with prion protofilaments, as well as those that are specifically e

95 ged in the actin filament, bridging over two protofilaments, as well as two neighboring actin subunit

96 Assembly of FtsZ chimaeras revealed that the protofilaments assemble via heteropolymerization of FtsZ

97 the 0.72 muM critical concentration of FtsZ protofilament assembly at steady state.

98 -CTD interaction and how it may mediate FtsZ protofilament assembly, we determined the Escherichia co

99 dinally to form protofilaments, and adjacent protofilaments associate laterally to form the microtubu

100 may bind at alpha-beta tubulin junction in a protofilament at sites distinct from the kinesin and dyn

101 Our results link the interference with protofilaments at the (+) end and the inhibition of nucl

102 sts that this protein may interfere with two protofilaments at the (+) end of a nucleus.

103 an alphaRep protein predicted to target two protofilaments at the (-) end does not delay nucleation,

104 e built a pseudo-atomic model of the tubulin protofilaments at the core of the triplet.

105 inesin-1 motor proteins walk parallel to the protofilament axes of microtubules as they step from one

106 he constriction force is generated by curved protofilaments bending the membrane.

107 tion kinetics with strong interactions along protofilaments best recapitulate our data and, furthermo

108 oiling involves the switching of coiled-coil protofilaments between two different states.

109 ow that MTs can be split longitudinally into protofilament bundles (PFBs) by the work performed by su

110 suggest that the Z-ring consists of dynamic protofilament bundles in which monomers constantly are e

111 This work highlights the importance of FtsZ protofilament bundling during cell division and its like

112 t in Escherichia coli, FtsA antagonizes FtsZ protofilament bundling in vivo.

113 urther evidence that FtsZL169R enhances FtsZ protofilament bundling, thereby conferring resistance to

114 g subunits arrive less frequently to lagging protofilaments but bind more efficiently, such that ther

115 be to promote the association of individual protofilaments but to align FtsZ clusters that consist o

116 The shortening of FtsZ protofilaments by Kil is detectable at concentrations of

117 We analyze the rigidity of GTP-bound FtsZ protofilaments by using cryoelectron microscopy to sampl

118 Our analyses indicate that MreB double protofilaments can exhibit left-handed twisting that is

119 Asynchronous elongation of individual protofilaments can potentially lead to an altered microt

120 But whether protofilaments can work efficiently via this spring-like

121 formed from the lateral association of 11-16 protofilament chains of tubulin dimers, with most cells

122 the ribbon-like fibrils indicates that these protofilaments combine in differing ways to form striati

123 Filament cores are made of two identical protofilaments comprising residues 306-378 of tau protei

124 promises longitudinal filament contacts of 1 protofilament, consistent with a single cofilin having f

125 Cofilin clusters disrupt both protofilaments, consistent with a higher severing activi

126 n TABFOs, Abeta42 molecules stack into short protofilaments consisting of pairs of helical beta-sheet

127 Each protofilament consists of an extended beta arch formed b

128 identify the nature of the protofilament-to-protofilament contacts that lead to the formation of the

129 The fibril protofilaments contain stacked hIAPP monomers that form

130 The 31-amino acid protofilament core adopted a cross-beta unit with a sing

131 resolution, respectively, share a common two-protofilament core that is distinct from the wild-type s

132 crotubule tip, most notably in the number of protofilament curls.

133 This prolongs plus-end binding, stabilizes protofilament curvature, and ultimately promotes microtu

134 le "bridges"; there are no contacts with the protofilaments' curved tips.

135 similar to F-actin, yet interactions between protofilaments differ from those in F-actin.

136 No significant changes are observed based on protofilament distributions or microtubule helical latti

137 cleation, whereas those that target only one protofilament do not.

138 We show that a protofilament doublet is essential for MreB's function i

139 ed to 3.6- angstrom resolution, contains two protofilaments, each built from S-shaped subunits.

140 [5-7] to explore the consequences of stalled protofilament elongation on microtubule growth.

141 oward catastrophe by promoting the arrest of protofilament elongation.

142 s an imaged microtubule into its constituent protofilaments, enabling deviations from helicity and ot

143 xchanged throughout, stochastically creating protofilament ends along the length of the filament.

144 the geometrical conformations of curling MT-protofilaments entangled in kinetochore fibrils.

145 "bacterial kinesin light chain," binds along protofilaments every 8 nm, inhibits BtubAB mini microtub

146 The Mal3 CH domain bridges protofilaments except at the microtubule seam.

147 How can growth of single-stranded protofilaments exhibit cooperative assembly with a criti

148 "cracks" (laterally unbonded regions between protofilaments) exist even at the tips of growing MTs an

149 es catastrophe by binding to and acting upon protofilaments exposed at the tips of growing microtubul

150 ta-strands are assembled hierarchically into protofilaments, filaments, and mature fibrils.

151 During the early stages of cytokinesis, FtsZ protofilaments form a ring-like structure, the Z-ring, i

152 These four protofilaments form an open helical cylinder separated b

153 tal cell wall synthesis, the early stages of protofilament formation and subsequent assembly into the

154 ing subunits must add onto the end of single protofilaments, forming only a longitudinal bond.

155 has an 50-amino-acid (aa) linker between the protofilament-forming globular domain and the C-terminal

156 seudoatomic models of both the two- and four-protofilament forms based on cryo-electron microscopy re

157 The internal structures of the U-shape protofilaments from our PRIME20/DMD simulation agree wel

158 nt reduction in the size of GTP-induced FtsZ protofilaments (FtsZ-GTP) as demonstrated by analytical

159 Individual FtsZ protofilaments further bend upon nucleotide hydrolysis,

160 o dramatic structural changes forming curved protofilaments, has yet to be defined in vertebrates.

161 d tubulin in vitro contain between 10 and 16 protofilaments; however, such structural polymorphisms a

162 ngstrom structure reveals a symmetric double protofilament in which the molecules adopt a vastly rear

163 and Kar3Cik1, Ncd binds adjacent microtubule protofilaments in a novel microtubule binding configurat

164 Flaring protofilaments in budding yeasts were linked by fibrils

165 ropose that the linker prevents dynamic FtsZ protofilaments in bundles from sticking to one another,

166 he lateral interactions between the adjacent protofilaments in CET are particularly strongly stabiliz

167 tween the disordered polypeptide segments of protofilaments in directing the supramolecular structure

168 linking the antiparallel orientation of MreB protofilaments in E. coli.

169 ive motors, which commonly follow individual protofilaments in the absence of obstacles, appear to po

170 vide strong support that supercoiling of the protofilaments in the flagellar filament is determined b

171 ic regulator of lateral interactions between protofilaments in vitro FtsZ lacking its CTL (DeltaCTL)

172 t to kinetochores and in orienting Ska along protofilaments in vitro.

173 spindle microtubules displayed some flaring protofilaments, including those growing in the anaphase

174 le stiffness but do not affect the number of protofilaments incorporated into microtubules.

175 suggest that membrane binding of MreB double protofilaments induces a stable membrane curvature of si

176 that AimB binds MreB at its monomer-monomer protofilament interaction cleft and that this interactio

177 icrotubule, most likely by promoting lateral protofilament interactions and by accelerating reactions

178 The beta-sheet interface and protofilament interactions identified here revealed loca

179 ial PD mutation sites, and the nature of the protofilament interface now invite to formulate hypothes

180 L68 is probably buried in the protofilament interface upon assembly, causing the fluor

181 Moreover, filaments in CTE have distinct protofilament interfaces to those of Alzheimer's disease

182 that ubiquitination of tau can mediate inter-protofilament interfaces.

183 This human prion fibril contains two protofilaments intertwined with screw symmetry and linke

184 The assembly of FtsZ protofilaments into dynamic clusters is critical for cel

185 These rings were able to bundle FtsZ protofilaments into strikingly long and regular tubular

186 The S-shaped HuPrP(120-144) protofilament is similar to the amyloid core structure o

187 sheets, and that electrostatic attraction of protofilaments is only slightly stronger than these weak

188 than forming a well-defined structure, FtsZ protofilaments laterally associate in vitro into polymor

189 g stacks, implying that Tau can crosslink MT protofilaments laterally.

190 o explore the microtubule lattice and switch protofilaments, leading to a left-handed helical motion.

191 atastrophe by exerting tension on individual protofilaments, leading to microtubule stabilization.

192 dynamic equilibrium controlled by pH at the protofilament level between left- and right-twist fibril

193 a deeper level of chiral organization at the protofilament level of fibril structure.

194 e microtubule lattice and dolastatin-induced protofilament-like structures, we demonstrate that the S

195 Flaring protofilaments linked to chromatin are well placed to ex

196 ments show that, despite being shorter, FtsZ protofilaments maintain their narrow distribution in siz

197 The high stability of the protofilaments manifests itself in the formation of curv

198 re formed is unknown, although the number of protofilaments may depend on the nature of the alpha- an

199 ions suggest that geometrical features of MT-protofilaments may play an important role in the switch

200 ey these noncanonical structures, from the 4-protofilament microtubules of Prosthecobacter to the 40-

201 Copolymerization with Mal3 favors 13 protofilament microtubules with reduced protofilament sk

202 acked with a cross-linked bundle of long, 15-protofilament microtubules, mec-17;atat-2 mutants lackin

203 icrotubule ends to nucleate and stabilize 13-protofilament microtubules.

204 ule lattice structure by increasing both the protofilament number and lattice defects.

205 on which FliD oligomers are affixed vary in protofilament number between bacteria, our results sugge

206 bules, rampant lattice defects, and variable protofilament number both between and within microtubule

207 etylation of MEC-12 alpha-tubulin constrains protofilament number in C. elegans touch receptor neuron

208 alpha-tubulin is an essential constraint on protofilament number in vivo.

209 erase activity (such as the determination of protofilament number) and others that do not (presence o

210 ors other than tubulin constrain microtubule protofilament number, but the nature of these constraint

211 We describe the determinants of protofilament number, namely nucleation factors, tubulin

212 e in eukaryotes, microtubules with divergent protofilament numbers and higher-order microtubule assem

213 We review the variety of protofilament numbers observed in different species, in

214 with the large flexural rigidity of tubulin protofilaments obtained (18,000-26,000 pN.nm(2)) support

215 ructure of a complex filament formed from 15 protofilaments of an actin-like protein.

216 uggest a similar structure may be adopted by protofilaments of an analogous segment containing the he

217 We provide an atomic view of antiparallel protofilaments of Caulobacter MreB as apparent from crys

218 3D cryo-EM shows that pairs of protofilaments of Caulobacter MreB tightly bind to membr

219 nteracts with FtsZ-GDP, resulting in smaller protofilaments of defined size and having the same effec

220 ch is formed by single-stranded treadmilling protofilaments of FtsZ.

221 n ensemble average of the varying individual protofilament on-rate constants (kon,PF).

222 Curved protofilaments on anaphase kinetochore microtubules were

223 show that it assembles into spiraling ~9 nm protofilaments on lipid monolayers.

224 on between (a) FtsZ subunits assembling onto protofilaments or (b) binding SulA.

225 bridging tubulin heterodimers from adjacent protofilaments or within a protofilament.

226 t into microtubule stiffness and reveal that protofilament orientation does not affect radial stiffne

227 tional kinesin-1 tracks a single microtubule protofilament, other kinesins, akin to dyneins, switch p

228 omain movement that would stabilize the FtsZ protofilament over the monomeric state, with the conform

229 and straight filaments differ in their inter-protofilament packing, showing that they are ultrastruct

230 ker lateral interactions between neighboring protofilaments (PFs) and less cooperative outward bendin

231 ow that B-tubules of DMTs contain exactly 10 protofilaments (PFs) and that the inner junction (IJ) an

232 a site on beta-tubulin that is required for protofilament plus-end elongation.

233 nist blocks FtsZ assembly into GTP-dependent protofilaments, producing a wide distribution of smaller

234 ated SlmA oligomerization would prevent FtsZ protofilament propagation and bundling.

235 is the 'conformational wave' model, in which protofilaments pull on the kinetochore as they curl outw

236 these mutations by forming filaments with 7 protofilaments, rather than the 11 found in other bacter

237 However, how the dynamics of individual protofilaments relates to overall growth persistence has

238 wide fibrils, formed from either one or two protofilaments, respectively.

239 te and outer layers of six and eight twisted protofilaments, respectively.

240 mutant L72W, where assembly of subunits into protofilaments results in a significant increase in tryp

241 the atomic structure of the microtubule (MT) protofilament reveals that the beta-tubulin Arg391 resid

242 action partner similarly associated with the protofilament ribbon and ciliary motility, also positive

243 PACRG is associated with the protofilament ribbon, a structure believed to dictate th

244 Roles for protofilament ribbon-associated proteins in nonmotile ci

245 , and that stathmin depolymerizes stabilized protofilament-rich polymers.

246 membrane-associated protein that forms large protofilament sheets that resemble eukaryotic tubulin an

247 nd GDP-tubulin suggesting that it targets to protofilament-shift defects.

248 Analyses of curvature on >8,500 protofilaments showed that all classes of spindle microt

249 , a tubulin-like GTPase, that assembles into protofilaments similar to those in microtubules but diff

250 s 13 protofilament microtubules with reduced protofilament skew, indicating that Mal3 adjusts interpr

251 B-lattice interprotofilament contacts, with protofilaments skewed around the microtubule axis.

252 Importantly, AJ imparts strong inter-protofilament stability in a manner different from other

253 acteriophage PhiKZ in both the monomeric and protofilament states, revealing that PhiKZ TubZ undergoe

254 ting an uncoupling of disassembly speed from protofilament strain.

255 can promote catastrophe by direct action on protofilament structure and interactions.

256 c structures (tip conformations) and examine protofilament structure as the tip spontaneously progres

257 roteins, which follow individual microtubule protofilaments (such as kinesin-1), deal with obstacles

258 ld, and one crystal form contained sheets of protofilaments, suggesting a structural role.

259 iameter filament comprises a central helical protofilament surrounded by intermediate and outer layer

260 Molecular modeling suggests 1), that the protofilament switching may be due to kinesin-8 having a

261 However, the molecular trajectory-whether protofilament switching occurs in a directed or stochast

262 karyotic actin homologue MreB forms pairs of protofilaments that adopt an antiparallel arrangement in

263 ns known to date are assembled from pairs of protofilaments that are arranged in a parallel fashion,

264 Eukaryotic F-actin is constructed from two protofilaments that gently wind around each other to for

265 onsisting of laterally associated beta-sheet protofilaments that may be adopted as an alternative to

266 ons, the model FtsZ polymerized and produced protofilaments that treadmilled at 23 nm/s, hydrolyzed G

267 etochore microtubule ends flared into curved protofilaments that were connected to chromatin by slend

268 inear polymers of alpha-beta tubulin dimers (protofilaments) that form a tubular quinary structure.

269 In addition, the surface of protofilaments, the precursors of the mature flat and tw

270 ermore, Ndc80 complexes self-associate along protofilaments through interactions mediated by the amin

271 weak interactions between curved polar FtsZ protofilaments through their the C-tails may facilitate

272 cies, ZapA from P. aeruginosa induced PaFtsZ protofilaments to associate into long straight loose bun

273 molecular cross-linking reagent between FtsZ protofilaments to enhance FtsZ assembly.

274 a stiff entropic spring linking the bending protofilaments to the membrane.

275 nd in addition to identify the nature of the protofilament-to-protofilament contacts that lead to the

276 Is protofilament tracking an inherent property of processiv

277 t are the structural determinants underlying protofilament tracking?

278 ot account for bundle formation, as reducing protofilament turnover in WT is not sufficient to induce

279 that WHAMM bound to the outer surface of MT protofilaments via a novel interaction between its centr

280 Only marginal binding of MinC to FtsZ-GTP protofilaments was observed by analytical ultracentrifug

281 n between alpha-alpha and beta-beta units of protofilaments, was also identified and provided a ratio

282 However, PaFtsZ protofilaments were mixtures of straight and "intermedia

283 In pH 7.5 buffer PaFtsZ-ZipA protofilaments were not bundled, but ZipA enhanced PaFts

284 Escherichia coli FtsZ into one subunit thick protofilaments were studied using combined biophysical a

285 every tubulin monomer along the microtubule protofilament, whereas theC. elegansNdc80 complex binds

286 to form long, often parallel, but unbundled protofilaments, whereas a mutant of FtsZ (FtsZ*) with st

287 0 nm fibril diameter and are composed of two protofilaments which interact via intermolecular salt-br

288 lin homolog FtsZ self-assembles into dynamic protofilaments, which forms the scaffold for the contrac

289 hat attach in a head-to-tail fashion to form protofilaments, which further associate laterally to for

290 ation by increasing lateral assembly of FtsZ protofilaments, which then form the Z ring.

291 ies form after attachment of short cytosolic protofilaments, which we estimate to be less than 20 mon

292 m, and appears to have the ability to switch protofilaments while stepping along the microtubule when

293 ossess Ribbons of three to four hyper-stable protofilaments whose location, organization, and special

294 ze head to tail forming tubulin-like dynamic protofilaments, whose organization in the Z-ring is an u

295 se rotations indicate that the motors switch protofilaments with a bias toward the left.

296 rm of FtsA reveal that FtsA forms actin-like protofilaments with a repeat of 48 A.

297 ril is composed of two symmetrically related protofilaments with ordered residues 14-37.

298 netic difference between leading and lagging protofilaments within a tapered tip.

299 crotubule surface and rapidly "hops" between protofilaments without dissociating from the microtubule

300 m F-actin-like helical arrangements from two protofilaments, yet with varied helical geometries.