ライフサイエンスコーパス: quencher

1 reasing the distance between the dye and the quencher.

2 ce of Cs(+) used as an excited singlet state quencher.

3 ed with a near-infrared (NIR) dye and a dark-quencher.

4 ridine complex that acts as a photoremovable quencher.

5 in vitro, OCP is a very good singlet oxygen quencher.

6 egradation of Trp acting as a sensitizer and quencher.

7 s as an energy quencher and a singlet oxygen quencher.

8 this mechanism as a light sensor and energy quencher.

9 acts both as the photosensor and the energy quencher.

10 3 is quenched by both AuNP and the molecular quencher.

11 ted by cations deposited by the hydride hole quencher.

12 ature results obtained with EtOH as the hole quencher.

13 ry DNA oligomers labeled with a fluorescence quencher.

14 i SL was tagged with a 5' fluorophore and 3' quencher.

15 use molecular oxygen is an effective radical quencher.

16 antisense oligonucleotide strand carrying a quencher.

17 the pigment acting as the non-photochemical quencher.

18 hairpin 8-17 DNAzyme sequence labeled with a quencher.

19 beta-clamp was labeled with a nonfluorescent quencher.

20 osure of reaction intermediates to a dynamic quencher.

21 anoparticles conjugated with antibodies as a quencher.

22 he acceptor is an excitable fluorophore or a quencher.

23 leading to separation of the fluorophore and quencher.

24 arnosic acid, rather than carnosol, is a ROS quencher.

25 d 2,4-dinitrophenyl-lysine (Lys(DNP)) as the quencher.

26 acII, and is attached to a fluorophore and a quencher.

27 using AuNPs/graphene oxide nanocomposite as quencher.

28 e-BHQ2 conjugates were employed as the guest/quencher.

29 tigated by photosynthesis inhibitors and ROS quenchers.

30 nal modules other than fluorescent labels or quenchers.

31 ensemble assays, validating the use of dark quenchers.

32 acellular photocleavage of the 2-nitrobenzyl quenchers.

33 he presence of either oxidative or reductive quenchers.

34 itative diffusion coefficients for the amine quenchers.

35 ing a series of amines of different sizes as quenchers.

36 sulfoxides do not always act as fluorescence quenchers.

37 und fluorescence through the use of selected quenchers.

38 site in the protein interior, shielded from quenchers.

39 um 2-naphthalenesulfonate (2-NPS) as triplet quenchers.

40 singlet oxygen based on the use of selective quenchers.

41 d they proved to be very good singlet oxygen quenchers.

42 (MB) probes labeled with one or two pyrenes/quenchers.

43 3) were shown to be very good singlet oxygen quenchers.

44 lacks carotenoids and other known accessory quenchers.

45 noparticle, MMP2-recognized polypeptides and quenchers.

46 nching was achieved with either an oxidative quencher (1,4-benzoquinone) or a reductive quencher (N,N

47 A membrane impermeant quencher, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, or lipid-

48 generation Raman probe, based on BlackBerry Quencher 650 compound, which provides unprecedentedly hi

49 ingle-population models; rather, a two-state quencher accessibility algorithm was required to model a

50 is turned on by rapid removal of the quinone quencher, an event that immediately occurs only after hi

51 Dual fluorescence quencher analysis showed that both helices 6 and 7 adopt

52 ntary photoprotective functions as an energy quencher and a singlet oxygen quencher.

53 mogeneous assays utilizing fluorogenic donor/quencher and AlphaScreen chemiluminescence strategies.

54 proach allowed taking the best advantages of QUENCHER and confirmed this method as ideal for industri

55 ties such as catalytic activity, fluorescent quencher and electrochemical, high surface area, and oxy

56 nding on the separation distance between the quencher and the enhancer.

57 of QDs was quenched quickly upon addition of quencher and the reaction reached equilibrium within 2 m

58 iggered a release of the DNA strand with the quencher and thus relief of the contact quenching, resul

59 e much larger for the neutral versus anionic quenchers and close to predicted values.

60 by UA was significantly reduced by both ROS quenchers and JNK inhibitor.

61 t additives, including excited-triplet-state quenchers and scavengers of singlet oxygen as well as gr

62 nism of indirect photolysis was probed using quenchers and sensitizers, and results suggest that daid

63 lting in release of the fluorophore from its quenchers and thus a significant increase in fluorescenc

64 fate of trace organic contaminants, radical quenchers and transformation product analysis were used

65 tilizing the SWCNT surface as a fluorescence quencher, and apply this corona exchange assay to study

66 labeled with a fluorophore, 3'-tagged with a quencher, and designed to form a hairpin that mimics rad

67 t <nmax> depends on the identity of the hole quencher, and is thus not an intrinsic property of the m

68 uring the process of transglycosylation, the quencher-appended polyprenol is released and the fluores

69 owdered RWPSs were used directly as samples (QUENCHER approach).

70 Dark quenchers are chromophores that primarily relax from the

71 Dark quenchers are extensively used in many biomolecular anal

72 ization step, no external radical sources or quenchers are needed to provide the products.

73 Dark fluorescence quenchers are nonfluorescent dyes that can modulate the

74 Singlet oxygen and free radical quenchers as well as the removal of oxygen inhibited CAL

75 e donor and acceptor at the loop ends, and a quencher at an alpha-helical element involved in the nod

76 cher strand was modified with a fluorescence quencher at its 3' terminus.

77 r Na(+) by labeling the enzyme strand with a quencher at the 3' end, and the DNA substrate strand wit

78 y3 fluorophore at the 5' end and a molecular quencher at the 3' end.

79 ses, a fluorophore unit at the 5'-end, and a quencher at the 3'-end.

80 NA substrate strand with a fluorophore and a quencher at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively.

81 cytoplasmic domain of CLS and the nitroxide quencher attached to the lipid bilayer, we showed that t

82 e intramolecular DNA hybridization, move the quencher away from the fluorophore, and, in effect, swit

83 ignals typically associated with fluorophore-quencher based systems, quantitatively outperform FRET-b

84 ons associated with conventional fluorophore/quencher-based gold NanoFlares.

85 modified with a spectrally paired black-hole quencher (BHQ).

86 use of a nonfluorescent quencher (Black Hole Quencher, BHQ) as an acceptor for smFRET.

87 oustic signal arose from the least absorbing quenchers, BHQ3 and QXL 680.

88 Here we report the use of a nonfluorescent quencher (Black Hole Quencher, BHQ) as an acceptor for s

89 to bind with all available free BTK to form quencher-bound BTK (QB-BTK) during blood sample collecti

90 collection to convert the free receptor to a quencher-bound receptor (QB-R) which was measured with t

91 igonucleotide having a 5'fluorophore and a 3'quencher brought in close proximity by the secondary str

92 that the proximity of a fluorophore and dark quencher can be monitored using the stoichiometry ratio

93 Thioamide quenchers can be paired with compact fluorophores to des

94 ction--suggesting dynamic replacement of the quencher-complementary strand by IFN-gamma molecules.

95 new family of trinuclear CuRe(2) chromophore-quencher complexes having the general form [Cu(pyacac)(2

96 Use of selective probe and quencher compounds suggest hydroxyl radical and triplet

97 We have identified three receptor/quencher compounds with high quenching efficiency for an

98 much larger than the diffusion limit at low quencher concentration in RTILs originate from a neglect

99 gating the excited-state dynamics up to high quencher concentrations.

100 probe without quencher conjugation, the dye/quencher-conjugated activatable monolithic peptide probe

101 of Cyanine 5.5 (Cy5.5) fluorophore- and BHQ3 quencher-conjugated endogenous ABA receptor pyrabactin r

102 out that fluorescence activation of the dye/quencher-conjugated monolithic peptide probe requires du

103 ways fluorescent' iRGD control probe without quencher conjugation, the dye/quencher-conjugated activa

104 rared (NIR) fluorochrome IRDye 800CW, with a quencher connected through the lactam ring that is hydro

105 During PCR, a quencher coupled to isoguanine (isoG) is site-specifical

106 assay based on fluorophore- and fluorescence-quencher-coupled oligonucleotides for the quantitative d

107 [nM trolox/mgDW], as evaluated by CUPRAC and QUENCHER-CUPRAC methods, was equal to 55.50 (Cu,1 mg/l)

108 ounds identified previously as triplet state quenchers, cyclooctatetraene, and Trolox, as well as 4-n

109 A fluorescent donor (Edans) and quencher (Dabcyl) pair was added to the C- and N-termini

110 strands with a fluorophore (fluorescein) and quencher (dabcyl).

111 Triplet quenchers did not affect the photochemical transformatio

112 indicator displacement assays (MC-IDAs), and quencher displacement assays (QDAs).

113 nation of Hg(2+) to GSH/Cys, the fluorophore/quencher distance increases concomitantly with the dehyb

114 ed at the 5' end and hybridized with a short quencher DNA strand that is partially complementary to t

115 e aptamer/analyte complex, which induced the quencher dye close to the DNAzyme structure.

116 A quencher dye was modified at the 3' end of the aptamer s

117 design, a probe is partially blocked with a quencher dye-labeled oligonucleotide, and target hybridi

118 catalyzed chemiluminescence reaction and the quencher dye.

119 stem was used to test the performance of the quencher dye.

120 vity is determined using a channel-permeable quencher (e.g., thallium, Tl(+)) of a water-soluble fluo

121 rds labeled with two fluorophores and a dark quencher (either QSY7 or QSY21), we show that the proxim

122 , viscosity, and/or presence of fluorescence quenchers/energy acceptors within several nanometers of

123 -sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine as fluorescence quenchers, evidence has been obtained for a membrane-bou

124 age of an RNA oligonucleotide labeled with a quencher/fluorophore pair and thereby de-quenches the fl

125 les where the receptor compound can act as a quencher for an anionic dye.

126 anoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) act as an efficient quencher for boron dipyrromethene-conjugated adenosine 5

127 ligand for the folate receptor as well as a quencher for doxorubicin's fluorescence.

128 o prepared gold nanoparticle (GNP) acts as a quencher for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).

129 This suggests that DOM is an especially good quencher for HO(*), reacting at rates close to the diffu

130 ng a sensor containing inorganic oxides as a quencher for Nile Red dye.

131 e-stranded DNA and an efficient fluorescence quencher for reducing the background signal.

132 een helices I and II, and a Cys residue as a quencher for the acceptor.

133 terferometer, acting as both the fluorescent quencher for the FRET and the sensitive cladding for opt

134 two separate domains, one of which acts as a quencher for the light-harvesting complexes.

135 c acid; HDA) is commonly used as a probe and quencher for triplet-excited chromophoric dissolved orga

136 fluorophores and demonstrate the use of dark quenchers for monitoring multiple interactions and dista

137 By generalization, additional candidate quenchers for Nile Red were identified based on Lewis ac

138 oswitching agents, and triplet excited state quenchers for single-molecule and super-resolution imagi

139 uced copolymers conjugated with fluorescence quenchers (FQs).

140 forced-intercalation readout, we introduce a quencher-free approach that is resistant to false-positi

141 The method relies upon quencher-free DNA forced intercalation (FIT)-probes, in

142 nding between messenger RNA and multilabeled quencher-free MBs based on Glowing LNA monomers is demon

143 ration of efficient hybridization probes and quencher-free MBs.

144 s via a phosphorylation-induced release of a quencher from a peptide-based substrate, producing a 150

145 rently fluorescent guest dye or a black-hole quencher from the receptor's cavity by means of competit

146 tide leads to separation of fluorophore from quencher, giving a proportional increase in fluorescence

147 acceptor-labeled protein and quenching with quencher gold nanoparticles and fluorescently labeled pr

148 native ligand and an analogue tagged with a quencher group to both populate and discriminate the exc

149 l)ethylenediamine (EDDnp) as fluorophore and quencher groups, respectively, have been widely used to

150 A singlet oxygen quencher had no effect on the rate of formation of the e

151 no systematic single-molecule study of dark quenchers has been performed, and little is known about

152 yield, but the role of potential side-chain quenchers has not yet been elucidated.

153 When the same quenchers have access to both leaflets, they quench 70-8

154 Although the advantages of dark quenchers have been exploited for ensemble bioassays, no

155 molecular beacons designed around resonance quenchers have shown higher signal-to-noise ratios and i

156 A short, complementary quencher hybridizes to unincorporated primer upon coolin

157 ith the aptamer, keeping the fluorophore and quencher in close proximity, thus switching off the fluo

158 T8-MB-T8 placed the fluorophore unit and the quencher in proximity to each other and caused collision

159 r 488 for quenching analysis using I-soluble quencher in solution and in the membrane-bound state.

160 gues with a dimethylamino-azobenzenesulfonyl quencher in the lipid chain and a coumarin fluorophore i

161 e been proposed: energy transfer to a lutein quencher in trimers, formation of a zeaxanthin radical c

162 uorophore attached to a biomolecule and many quenchers in a liposome.

163 enoids are considered to be the main (1)O(2) quenchers in chloroplasts, and we show here that light s

164 rst systematic single-molecule study of dark quenchers in conjunction with fluorophores and demonstra

165 lose proximity to side chains of natural Trp quenchers in either the inward- or outward-facing confor

166 s illustrate the potential of nonfluorescent quenchers in single-molecule correlation studies.

167 se product (pNC) acts as "plate fluorescence quencher" in white solid-bottom plates.

168 proximately 355 nm and accessible to aqueous quenchers, indicating free exposure to the aqueous milie

169 are connected using poly T, which brings the quencher into close proximity with the fluorophore in th

170 In microinjection experiments, delivery of quenchers into the cytosol efficiently quenched the fluo

171 labeled with the fluorophore IRDye 800CW and quencher IRDye QC-1 to yield the biomolecular probe Pan8

172 substrates were prepared by conjugating the quencher, IRDye QC-1, to a GDEVDGAK peptide in combinati

173 A very popular dark fluorescence quencher is dabcyl, which is a hydrophobic azobenzene de

174 Addition of the quencher is necessary to prevent the free receptor from

175 rease of the pyrene emission, induced by the quencher, is hardly reflected in the pyrene excimer emis

176 Because dark-quencher-labeled biomolecules can be used in total-inter

177 nalyte, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), and a quencher-labeled ssDNA competed for hybridization with a

178 ent from a tripartite substrate containing a quencher-labeled template strand, an unlabeled primer an

179 ynthesized with 5'-TYE 665 and 3'-Iowa Black quencher labels for comparison of fluorescence levels as

180 Se NCs in the presence of a borohydride hole quencher, Li[Et3BH], yields colloidal n-type CdSe NCs po

181 con (MB) is comprised of a fluorophore and a quencher linked by a DNA hairpin.

182 In addition to molecular quenchers, many nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO

183 d compared to a classical single-fluorophore/quencher MB system.

184 The QUENCHER method is a time and cost-saving extraction-fre

185 DNAzyme-catalyzed cleavage of a fluorophore/quencher-modified substrate leads to a fluorescence read

186 ting assembled DNAzyme cleaves a fluorophore/quencher-modified substrate to yield fluorescence.

187 The cleavage of two different fluorophore/quencher-modified substrates by the respective DNAzymes

188 ons, owing to the addition of a pH-sensitive quencher molecule paired with a static fluorophore.

189 ing can become an issue after cleavage since quencher molecules can quench cleaved fluorophore molecu

190 actions between the MOF surface and cationic quencher molecules coupled with rapid energy transfer th

191 le in providing access by electron deficient quencher molecules to the excited states within the fibe

192 fter postsynthetically modified with dye and quencher molecules.

193 n frequency between the fluorophores and the quencher molecules.

194 e quencher (1,4-benzoquinone) or a reductive quencher (N,N,N',N'-tetramethylbenzidine), as a result o

195 eactive species sensitizers, scavengers, and quenchers need to be carefully applied to highly reactiv

196 mer-functionalized quantum dots blocked by a quencher nucleic acid (detection limit 1 nM).

197 nd FpC) have been synthesized along with the quencher nucleosides possessing 6-{4-[(4-dimethylamino)a

198 a tunable electrophile and an intramolecular quencher of an attached dansyl fluorophore.

199 Oxygen is an efficient quencher of emission of many phosphorescent compounds, t

200 .OH formation upon addition of catalase as a quencher of endogenous H(2)O(2).

201 naquinone-8(H(2))], which probably acts as a quencher of energy transfer under oxic conditions, was a

202 9.0 as well as in the presence of Cs(+) as a quencher of excited singlet 4-Cl-aniline at pH 7.0 and 9

203 acterial dodecin a comparably less efficient quencher of flavins.

204 suggesting that carnosic acid is a chemical quencher of ROS.

205 )(2)[Cd(4)(SPh)(10)] is indeed a very strong quencher of singlet oxygen with total rate constants for

206 triplet state so it can act as an effective quencher of singlet oxygen.

207 tro group, which generally behaves as strong quenchers of fluorescence.

208 idazole and hydroxide ion are also effective quenchers of p-cyanophenylalanine fluorescence with Ster

209 Quenchers of triplet excited states are thus required to

210 Experiments with s-BQ quenchers of two different sizes reveal that the degree

211 is designed by labeling a fluorophore and a quencher on the DNAzyme.

212 nctionalization of an aptamer labeled with a quencher on the restricted area enabled the effective qu

213 c probe systems, placing the fluorophore and quencher on the same nucleobase facilitates the design o

214 Understanding the impact of specific quenchers on DOM could be a key to understanding the tru

215 nsfer (FRET) between conjugate and graphene (quencher) only in 10 min.

216 by culturing cells in the presence of a ROS quencher or in an anaerobic environment.

217 ds conjugated to a near-infrared fluorophore/quencher pair (IRDye 800CW/IRDye QC-1) with efficient co

218 resent results obtained with the fluorophore-quencher pair 9,10-dimethylanthracene/N,N-dimethylanilin

219 probes composed of a stem, with fluorophore/quencher pair and a loop region complementary to the des

220 DNA structure and with attached fluorophore-quencher pair at the ends of the strand has been applied

221 endent optical properties of the fluorophore/quencher pair attached to the ends of the molecular beac

222 DNA NanoBeacons labeled with the fluorophore/quencher pair Cyanine 5/BHQ2.

223 Snap-to-it probes labeled with a fluorophore-quencher pair exhibited target-dependent fluorescence en

224 was designed by incorporating a fluorophore-quencher pair in a naturally-occurring H-DNA-forming seq

225 an inverted repeat containing a fluorophore-quencher pair into a plasmid to enable real-time monitor

226 The selection of a suitable fluorophore and quencher pair permits the generation of substrates that

227 pendent membrane leakage assay using the dye/quencher pair, 8-aminonapthalene-1,3,6 trisulfonic acid

228 ensor is designed by attaching a fluorophore/quencher pair, detecting Nd(3+) down to 0.4 nM (72 parts

229 DNA substrates labeled by a fluorophore and quencher pair, the UNG activity was measured based on UN

230 cing the emission of an attached fluorophore/quencher pair.

231 A reporter probes labeled with a fluorophore-quencher pair.

232 es ranged from 40 to 83 depending on the dye/quencher pair.

233 rformed with a voltage-dependent fluorophore/quencher pair.

234 applying it to the isotopologous fluorophore-quencher pairs pyrene/DMA and pyrene-d10/DMA.

235 Each cleavage event separates fluorophore quencher pairs resulting in an increase in fluorescence.

236 st of DNA hairpins conjugated to fluorophore-quencher pairs that unfold and fluoresce when subjected

237 Here we use two donor-quencher pairs to observe and correlate both the conform

238 es are calculated as 41 to 65A for these dye/quencher pairs.

239 sequences that are modified with fluorophore-quencher pairs.

240 ential quenching for the various fluorophore/quencher partners.

241 riments allowed characterization of the dark-quencher photophysical properties at the single-molecule

242 Antioxidant capacities were determined using QUENCHER procedure.

243 quenching of five fluorophores ("F") by six quenchers ("Q"; electron donors) are reported in acetoni

244 n peptide (pHLIP) was conjugated to the dark quencher QC1, yielding a non-fluorescent sonophore with

245 uorescent dye, Alexa Fluor 647, and the dark quenchers, QSY9 and QSY35, respectively, to generate For

246 Reduction of the phenoxyl radical by the quencher radical was examined as the analogue of the red

247 High concentrations of triplet quenchers relative to that of dioxygen produced only sma

248 The beneficial properties of the reductive quencher release design make these probes promising cand

249 its 5' and 3' ends with QDs and a black hole quencher, respectively.

250 eavage of the peptide removed the N-terminal quencher, resulting in fluorescent beads, which were iso

251 Moreover, the interaction fluorophore-quencher results a dynamic inhibition mechanism.

252 of energy trapping by the non-photochemical quencher(s) is lower than the efficiency of energy captu

253 ng a significant background, the use of dark quenchers should permit single-molecule Forster resonanc

254 combination with vitamin C as singlet oxygen quencher significantly improved survival of 3T3 fibrobla

255 and chemical transformation of this internal quencher site by reaction with CN(-) elicits a rapid (k

256 duction was suppressed by the singlet oxygen quencher sodium azide, and as mRNA expression of LMNA wa

257 to identify the (3)dd state as intermediate quencher state of the (3)MLCT luminescence in the non-lu

258 Displacement of the quencher strand upon histamine binding results in an inc

259 The quencher strand was modified with a fluorescence quenche

260 of light-harvesting antennas with accessory quenchers such as carotenoids.

261 trizoate in the presence of specific radical quenchers (tert-butanol and methanol) had a similar effe

262 CP is not more efficient as a singlet oxygen quencher than a protein without carotenoid.

263 groups are much more effective fluorescence quenchers than protonated amino groups.

264 We used 3.5-nm gold nanoparticles as a quencher that absorbed emission from UCNPs at a waveleng

265 rinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, or lipid-based quenchers that are restricted to the exofacial leaflet o

266 These are triplet-state quenchers that operate via photoinduced electron transfe

267 hat TA and EGCG mainly acted as fluorescence quenchers that rapidly suppress the fluorophores conjuga

268 presence of reactive oxidative species (ROS) quenchers, the generation of hydrogen peroxide, and incr

269 The specific action of TDP1 removes the quencher, thereby enabling optical detection of the fluo

270 An ROS quencher, thiourea, protected cells from antibiotics pre

271 irradiated regions where it escapes a strong quencher, thus visualizing the edge of a mask.

272 ed using a gA channel-permeable fluorescence quencher (Tl(+)).

273 MMP2 and then be unravelled by the attached quencher to emit visible light.

274 rhodium enolate complex acts as a reductive quencher to initiate a radical process with the aryl azi

275 gest that the 4-formylphenyl group acts as a quencher to suppress the fluorescence of the 6-methoxy-2

276 internalizing sequence (CendR motif), and a quencher to the opposite C-terminal.

277 Our results showed that SWNTs are great quenchers to singlet oxygen generation (SOG).

278 We also use dark-quenchers to study the affinity and kinetics of binding

279 n with the membrane-impermeable fluorescence quencher trypan blue to selectively image internalized a

280 olvents of differing polarities or by adding quenchers under high viscosity to evaluate the transient

281 ses, a fluorophore unit at the 5'-end, and a quencher unit at the 3'-end.

282 amer subunits result in the digestion of the quencher units and the autonomous recycling of the analy

283 em, GO was used as an efficient fluorescence quencher upon the adsorption of MBs, which reduced the b

284 y of rhodamine spirolactam as a fluorescence quencher via electron transfer, and the slow kinetics of

285 A small molecule quencher was added immediately after sample collection t

286 rded, and a solution of membrane impermeable quencher was passed through the flow cell to quench the

287 A membrane-impermeant quencher was used to distinguish intra-PL NBD-CQ from ex

288 tioxidant Trolox, and as pyrene-fluorescence quenchers, was compared in the three emulsions.

289 (change), which lead to the creation of the quencher We conclude that the minimum requirements for N

290 ing a series of substituted borohydride hole quenchers, we show that it is possible to increase the n

291 olestatrienol, and a variety of fluorescence quenchers, we studied the transbilayer distribution of s

292 fications and flanked with a fluorophore and quencher, were activated upon degradation by purified MN

293 The pH, the ZnSO(4)/PS ratio, and ions and quenchers, were investigated.

294 magnetic 'enhancer' and a superparamagnetic 'quencher', where the T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

295 ization of a MB using graphene oxide (GO) as quencher, where an amino and FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein)

296 ASP design utilizes both a fluorophore and a quencher which are respectively modified at the two term

297 A custom-made quencher, which is more reactive to BTK than branebrutin

298 phenomenon transpires via interaction of the quencher with Arg residues positioned on the peptide sub

299 and synthesized a new azobenzene-based dark quencher with excellent solubility in aqueous media, whi

300 and increased susceptibility to collisional quenchers without causing similar effects on tested mamm