ライフサイエンスコーパス: racemase

1 te-specific antigen and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase.

2 conversion of l-serine to d-serine by serine racemase.

3 , actin, and glutamine synthetase and serine racemase.

4 and equilibrium isotope effects for alanine racemase.

5 resence of an expressed and purified proline racemase.

6 reated by conversion from L-serine by serine racemase.

7 enol intermediate, reminiscent of mandelate racemase.

8 isotope effect (KIE) methodology to alanine racemase.

9 or deprotonation of bound proline at proline racemase.

10 d for all of the ionizable groups in alanine racemase.

11 drogen bond network such as found in alanine racemase.

12 of L- to D-serine by a membrane-bound serine racemase.

13 cofactor into LarA, an Ni-dependent lactate racemase.

14 acid dehydrogenase and the catabolic alanine racemase.

15 identify inhibitors for H. pylori glutamate racemase.

16 i CBL (fold type I) is a promiscuous alanine racemase.

17 rossing for proton-transfer steps in alanine racemase.

18 igands to this class of cofactor-independent racemases.

19 tain broad-spectrum inhibitors for glutamate racemases.

20 n homologue both encode DL-methylmalonyl-CoA racemases.

21 in the C-terminal domain, typical of alanine racemases.

22 s 7 bp downstream of dadX (catabolic alanine racemase; 26.55 min) and ends at a position in the K-12

23 The D-alanine racemase activities of wild-type and recombinant M. smeg

24 Glutamate racemase activity in Bacillus anthracis is of significan

25 bited by D-cycloserine, whereas host alanine racemase activity was almost totally inhibited (97%).

26 Serine racemase activity was also detected in membrane preparat

27 g the predicted transmembrane domain, serine racemase activity was detected in the cytoplasm.

28 verexpressed in Escherichia coli, and serine racemase activity was detected in the membrane but not i

29 fugation of sonicated cells, whereas alanine racemase activity was located almost exclusively in the

30 rosine racemase activity, but alpha-tyrosine racemase activity was not detected.

31 The serine racemase activity was partially (64%) inhibited by D-cyc

32 substrate specificity, exhibiting measurable racemase activity with 9 of the 19 chiral amino acids.

33 Mechanistic studies unveiled unexpected PLP racemase activity with our earlier PLP enzyme variants.

34 SgcC4 also exhibits a beta-tyrosine racemase activity, but alpha-tyrosine racemase activity

35 nopimelic acid (DAP) epimerase and glutamate racemase activity.

36 c that inhibits d-alanine ligase and alanine racemase activity.

37 ine residue that is known to be critical for racemase activity.

38 trocytic d-serine-synthesizing enzyme serine racemase after CCI injury improved synaptic plasticity,

39 B synthase has been proposed to operate as a racemase, aiding in the epimerization process that rever

40 between d-cycloserine and d-a-AT or alanine racemase (Ala-Rac) in that the thiophene ring of R-ADTA

41 P) linked as an internal aldimine in alanine racemase (AlaR), aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT), and

42 e racemization reaction catalyzed by alanine racemase (AlaR).

43 ocket, in the context of other known alanine racemases, allows us to propose the inclusion of conserv

44 The putative biosynthetic alanine racemase Alr showed broad substrate specificity, exhibit

45 f glutamine synthetase I (glnA1) and alanine racemase (alr) modestly increased the inhibitory efficac

46 fold type III, the Escherichia coli alanine racemase (ALR), is a promiscuous cystathionine beta-lyas

47 ns, one of which is a spore-specific alanine racemase (Alr).

48 PLP adduct forms on the biosynthetic alanine racemase, Alr, indicating the presence of 2-aminoacrylat

49 Cells depleted for the alanine racemase AlrA died in monoculture but survived in a biof

50 glutamate decarboxylase (gadA) and D-alanine racemase (alrA) genes was identified.

51 ibly converting l-serine to d-serine, serine racemase also deaminates serine via beta-elimination.

52 specificity to the anti-alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase (AMACR) and prostate-specific antigen tests for

53 alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) has previously been shown to be a highl

54 Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is a peroxisomal and mitochondrial enzy

55 Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is an enzyme involved in beta-oxidation

56 The enzyme alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is overexpressed in prostate, colon, an

57 The enzyme alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) plays an important role in peroxisomal

58 Human alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) was overexpressed in prostate cancer co

59 Alpha-methyacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme

60 assay (ELAA) targeting alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), an emerging prostate cancer biomarker.

61 state cancer biomarker, alpha-methylacyl-CoA-racemase (AMACR), and to determine the effectiveness of

62 dy, we describe a gene, alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), whose expression is consistently up-re

63 ratin (HMWCK), p63, and alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase (AMACR).

64 state cancer biomarker (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase; AMACR) directly in patient urine without a sam

65 one short-chain aliphatic alpha-hydroxyacid racemase among the tested enzymes.

66 s produce differences in the active sites of racemases among the various species, which has important

67 ative and -positive bacteria, making alanine racemase an attractive target for antibacterials.

68 now report cloning and expression of serine racemase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of D-serine

69 logenetic groups, we identified a new malate racemase and 2-hydroxyglutarate racemase, as well as a n

70 erine acts as a suicide inhibitor of alanine racemase and as such, serves as an antimicrobial agent.

71 ne analogue antibiotic that inhibits alanine racemase and d-alanine ligase required for d-alanine inc

72 peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes: alanine racemase and D-alanine:D-alanine ligase.

73 zes a shared substrate-binding site for both racemase and epimerase activities, only one activity can

74 hereas a variant in SRR (that encodes serine racemase and is associated with schizophrenia) constitut

75 e is synthesized from its l-isomer by serine racemase and is metabolized by the D-amino acid oxidase

76 the Michaelis complex formed between alanine racemase and its amino acid substrate.

77 alysis of transamination, while both alanine racemase and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase are expected t

78 a function beyond activation of the lactate racemase and possibly linked with other undiscovered nic

79 e other two proteins identified were alanine racemase and superoxide dismutase, both of which were re

80 hat HisR functions as a cofactor-independent racemase and that turnover is specific for histidine, wh

81 rtate follow this trend, with both WT serine racemase and the S84N mutant being competitively inhibit

82 HPASMCs also express high levels of serine racemase and vesicular glutamate transporter 1, suggesti

83 y a diverse superfamily of alpha-hydroxyacid racemases and epimerases, widely expanding the scope of

84 to that of Bacillus and Pseudomonas alanine racemases and includes both an alpha/beta-barrel at the

85 g homologs of alanine dehydrogenase, alanine racemase, and alanine permease.

86 The structures of enolase, mandelate racemase, and MLE were superimposed.

87 omponents of rat spinal nerve contain serine racemase, and western blot analysis detected the enzyme

88 We solved the structure of a malate racemase apoprotein and used it, along with the previous

89 f D-serine and it biosynthetic enzyme serine racemase approximate the distribution of NMDA receptors

90 Because amino acid racemases are thought to be restricted to bacteria and i

91 Alanine racemases are ubiquitous prokaryotic enzymes providing t

92 a new malate racemase and 2-hydroxyglutarate racemase, as well as a new 2-gluconate epimerase from an

93 e of the complex between L-Ala-P and alanine racemase at 1.6 A resolution.

94 proline bound to the active site of proline racemase at pH 8 shows that the enzymatic rate accelerat

95 L-Ala-P is an effective inhibitor of alanine racemase because, upon formation of the external aldimin

96 conate-lactonizing enzymes, N-acylamino acid racemase, beta-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase, and o-succ

97 that of Bacillus stearothermophilus alanine racemase, but the rotation between domains differs by ab

98 erivative and potent inactivation of alanine racemase by this compound.

99 One of the enzymes is Alr, an alanine racemase capable of converting the spore germinant l-ala

100 Racemases catalyse the inversion of stereochemistry in b

101 The pyridoxal phosphate dependent alanine racemase catalyzes the interconversion of L- and D-alani

102 Alanine racemase catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent int

103 In contrast, analysis of alanine racemase clearly refutes claims that global analysis of

104 tures of cofactor-independent epimerases and racemases, cocrystallized with substrates or substrate a

105 a proof of concept, we applied the D-alanine racemase complementation system to our Listeria cancer v

106 genase is specific for the L isomer, and the racemase converts the D isomer to the L isomer.

107 oding the regulator alanine transaminase and racemase coupled with SpuC, the major putrescine-pyruvat

108 A cysteate racemase (CuyB) then converts l-cysteate to d-cysteate,

109 Conversely, the putative catabolic alanine racemase DadX showed narrow substrate specificity, clear

110 o acid dehydrogenase DadA and the amino acid racemase DadX, is essential for D- and L-Ala catabolism,

111 The structure of the catabolic alanine racemase, DadX, from the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomona

112 is retained by complementation of D-alanine racemase-deficient mutant strains both in vitro and in v

113 howed that expression of dapF(Ct) in a murI (racemase) DeltadapF (epimerase) double mutant of E. coli

114 Racemase-dependent production of D-alanine enhanced surv

115 ve identified and cloned mammalian aspartate racemase (DR), which converts L-aspartate to D-aspartate

116 to the recently reported mammalian aspartate racemase, DR, which is closely related to glutamate-oxal

117 Alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1) catalyzes the interconversion of a

118 l cell walls is fulfilled in part by alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-as

119 Mandelate racemase (EC 5.1.2.2) catalyzes the abstraction of a pro

120 Glutamate racemases (EC 5.1.1.3) catalyze the cofactor-independent

121 nd is 55% identical to the bivalve aspartate racemase, EC 5.1.1.13, and 41% identical to the mammalia

122 3, and 41% identical to the mammalian serine racemase, EC 5.1.1.18.

123 peptidoglycan, in contrast to the glutamate racemase employed by many other bacteria.

124 The lactate racemase enzyme (LarA) of Lactobacillus plantarum harbor

125 is straightforward with two distinct types (racemases/epimerases and cis-trans isomerases), but reac

126 broblasts, and both cell types showed serine racemase expression by immunofluorescence and Western bl

127 ate neuronal activity in the CNS, but serine racemase expression in the PNS has not been reported.

128 l gene resulted in strong down-regulation of racemase expression.

129 uts showed a compensatory increase in serine racemase expression.

130 FigC belongs to a new subfamily of alanine racemase-fold PLP-dependent decarboxylases that are not

131 he finding of a novel 2-component amino acid racemase for D-to-L inversion in D-arginine metabolism o

132 esentative of the PLP-independent amino acid racemases, for which no structure has yet been determine

133 e pyridoxal phosphate-independent amino acid racemases, for which substantial evidence exists support

134 s highly homologous to a domain of aspartate racemase from a marine bacterium (Polaromonas sp.) but i

135 minase and the glr gene encoding a glutamate racemase from B. sphaericus ATCC 10208.

136 conversion of L- and D-alanine-d3 by alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus directly obser

137 Free energy profiles for alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus have been dete

138 The molecular structure of alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus was determined

139 The structure of alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus with the inhib

140 idoxal phosphate in the structure of alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus.

141 n the alignment of VanT with the Air alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus.

142 experimental study focuses on the glutamate racemase from Bacillus subtilis (RacE).

143 pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme alanine racemase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus are reporte

144 rize the structure and activity of allantoin racemase from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpHpxA).

145 We report the crystal structure of alanine racemase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Alr(Mtb)) at 1

146 sly established for the homologous mandelate racemase from P. putida, also a member of the enolase su

147 omer, the catalysis of a promiscuous alanine racemase from Pseudomonas putida (KT2440) was coupled wi

148 A protein identified as "N-acylamino acid racemase" from Amycolaptosis sp. is an inefficient enzym

149 Alanine racemase further lowers the alpha-proton acidity and pro

150 metabolically specialized enzymes: mandelate racemase, galactonate dehydratase, glucarate dehydratase

151 l the synthesis of this compound, an alanine racemase gene (dal) and a D-amino acid aminotransferase

152 , we identify the human DL-methylmalonyl-CoA racemase gene by analyzing prokaryotic gene arrangements

153 his study thus identifies a new d-amino acid racemase gene family and advances our knowledge of plant

154 in expresses a copy of the Bacillus subtilis racemase gene under the control of a tightly regulated i

155 st bacteria, which harbor a single glutamate racemase gene, the genomic sequence of B. anthracis pred

156 s among pseudomonads with respect to alanine racemase genes that may point to different roles for the

157 Purified serine racemase has a molecular mass of 37 kDa and requires pyr

158 However, alanine racemase has a positively charged arginine held rigidly

159 This racemase has been localized to protoplasmic astrocytes t

160 , we characterize this enzyme as a histidine racemase (HisR), and found that catalytic turnover is ~1

161 e previously described structures of lactate racemase holoprotein and D-gluconate epimerase apoprotei

162 recursor and includes an aspartate/glutamate racemase homolog as an unusual D/L isomerase acting upon

163 rfamily, showing the distribution of lactate racemase homologs (LarAHs) sequences across the three do

164 We overexpressed and purified 13 lactate racemase homologs, incorporated the NPN cofactor, and as

165 netically modified mouse strains: the serine racemase homozygous knockout (SR-/-) and glycine transpo

166 mydiaceae do not appear to encode amino acid racemases however, a D-alanyl-D-alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala) li

167 sion to allantoate, which involves allantoin racemase (HpxA enzyme).

168 n of slow binding inhibitors of human serine racemase (hSR).

169 bout one-half of the burden borne by alanine racemase in catalysis of deprotonation of alanine.

170 xpressed in clear cell RCC, alpha methylacyl racemase in papillary RCC, carbonic anhydrase II in chro

171 Occurrence of serine racemase in the brain demonstrates the conservation of D

172 d-serine and its synthesizing enzyme, serine racemase, in the retinas of several vertebrate species,

173 inhibitor, we propose a mechanism of alanine racemase inactivation by cycloserine.

174 iods, the broad expression pattern of serine racemase indicates it to be a host enzyme whose activity

175 (13)C]alanine (in the presence of an alanine racemase inhibitor) reveal three different carbonyl carb

176 3)C]alanine, [(15)N]glycine, and the alanine racemase inhibitor, alaphosphin.

177 nine production, was prevented by an alanine racemase inhibitor, and required L-alanine.

178 ontaining (15)N d-Ala and beta-chloroalanine racemase inhibitor.

179 any endospore-forming bacteria embed alanine racemases into their spore coats, and these enzymes are

180 ine, and the discovery of a novel amino acid racemase involved in its biosynthesis.

181 We show that, unexpectedly, the racemase is a nickel-dependent enzyme with a novel alpha

182 Serine racemase is a protein representing an additional family

183 te for peptidoglycan biosynthesis, glutamate racemase is an attractive target for the design of antib

184 the enzymatic rate acceleration for proline racemase is ca. 10(13)-fold.

185 ther reported cofactor-independent histidine racemase is CntK from Staphylococcus aureus, which is us

186 is specific for (S)-allantoin, an allantoin racemase is necessary for complete and efficient catabol

187 Lactate racemase is the first enzyme known to possess a metal pi

188 I is essential for growth and that glutamate racemase is the only source of D-glutamate for peptidogl

189 Although the C. difficile Alr2 racemase is the sixth most highly expressed gene during

190 means by which cycloserine inhibits alanine racemase is unknown.

191 ed, expressed and purified the two glutamate racemase isozymes, RacE1 and RacE2, from the B. anthraci

192 ically depleting D-serine or by using serine racemase knock-out (SR-KO) mice, confirming its specific

193 e the NMDAR potentials in slices from serine racemase knock-out mice, which are devoid of D-serine, i

194 tilized two genetic mouse models, the serine racemase knockout (SR-/-) and the glycine transporter su

195 Serine racemase knockout (SR-/-) mice, which lack D-serine, exh

196 In this study, we utilize a serine racemase knockout (SRKO) mouse to explore the contributi

197 Like the homologous mandelate racemase, l-fuconate dehydratase, and d-tartrate dehydra

198 Lactate racemase (Lar) requires nickel, but the nickel-binding s

199 ofactor is used as a coenzyme of lactic acid racemase, LarA.

200 he first enzymes of this subclass of proline racemase-like genes for which the enzymatic activity has

201 A family of eukaryotic proline racemase-like genes has recently been identified.

202 However, the majority of eukaryotic proline racemase-like proteins, including a human protein called

203 me deletion mutation in the gene for alanine racemase lost only the ability to grow on D-alanine.

204 14) hydrogen-bonding network in human serine racemase lowers the pKa of the Ser(84)re-face base.

205 n DAR1 and other animal serine and aspartate racemases make it valuable for examining PLP-dependent r

206 wn to contain the genes coding for mandelate racemase, mandelate dehydrogenase, and benzoylformate de

207 ynaptophysin, MIB-1, and alpha-methylacylCoA-racemase markers.

208 These expression patterns of serine racemase may indicate roles for D-serine in peripheral n

209 Racemase-mediated production of endogenous D-alanine by

210 The alanine racemase monomer is composed of two domains, an eight-st

211 able high-resolution structures of mandelate racemase (MR) from Pseudomonas putida, Lys 166 and His 2

212 uded that GlucD is a member of the mandelate racemase (MR) subfamily of the enolase superfamily.

213 GlucD is a member of the mandelate racemase (MR) subgroup of the enolase superfamily, the m

214 (FucD) function to a member of the mandelate racemase (MR) subgroup of the superfamily encoded by the

215 groups found in the active site of mandelate racemase (MR) that catalyzes a 1,1-proton transfer react

216 se chain reaction, further confirming serine racemase mRNA in Schwann cells and fibroblasts.

217 Glutamate racemase (MurI) catalyzes the racemization of glutamate;

218 t, and d-glutamate, synthesized by glutamate racemase (MurI), is an important component of peptidogly

219 nine-D-glutamate ligase (MurD) and glutamate racemase (MurI).

220 ted evolution, a variant N-acetyl amino acid racemase (NAAAR G291D/F323Y) has been developed with up

221 ino acid substrates for the N-acylamino acid racemase (NAAAR) reaction, N-acetylmethionine, N-succiny

222 first was identified as an N-acylamino acid racemase (NAAAR), with the optimal substrates being the

223 ation of N-acylamino acids (N-acylamino acid racemase; NAAAR) but also catalyzes the OSBS reaction.

224 N-Acetyl amino acid racemases (NAAARs) have demonstrated their potential in

225 enolase superfamily is N-succinylamino acid racemase (NSAR), and the member of the M20 peptidase/car

226 MDAR) hypofunction, and thus used the serine racemase-null mutant mouse (SR(-/-)), which has less tha

227 40 to 50% sequence identity to the glutamate racemases of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Staphylococ

228 case) of Bacillus stearothermophilus alanine racemase on cycloserine inactivation.

229 ered two malate racemases, one phenyllactate racemase, one alpha-hydroxyglutarate racemase, two D-glu

230 We discovered two malate racemases, one phenyllactate racemase, one alpha-hydroxy

231 ate that suppression of either the glutamate racemase or epimerase activity of DapF compromises the g

232 n, but not to reactions catalyzed by alanine racemase or O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase.

233 e responsible for D-serine synthesis (serine racemase) or blocking NMDA receptor glycine coagonist si

234 o-succinylbenzoate synthase/N-acylamino acid racemase (OSBS/NAAAR) family, part of the mechanisticall

235 e spores retained half the amount of alanine racemase presumed to be associated with the exosporium o

236 oinase, an L-N-carbamoylase, and a hydantoin racemase produced 91 mM L-met from 100 mM D,L-MTEH in le

237 In Vibrio cholerae, a dedicated racemase produced D-Met and D-Leu, whereas Bacillus subt

238 This result indicates that mandelate racemase produces a remarkable rate enhancement [(1.7 x

239 s indicate that cycloserine inhibits alanine racemase production of D-Ala in E. coli and demonstrates

240 make it valuable for examining PLP-dependent racemases, promising to increase our knowledge of enzyme

241 The annotated proline racemase ProR of P. putida KT2440 showed negligible acti

242 Glutamate racemase (RacE) is a bacterial enzyme that converts l-gl

243 Glutamate racemase (RacE) is responsible for converting l-glutamat

244 hracis predicts two genes encoding glutamate racemases, racE1 and racE2.

245 tein (PBP4*) and a co-transcribed amino acid racemase (RacX), homologues of signal peptide peptidase

246 opionyl-CoA flux, (ii) the methylmalonyl-CoA racemase reaction keeps the methylmalonyl-CoA enantiomer

247 lso catalyzes a promiscuous N-acylamino acid racemase reaction).

248 Among them, lactate racemase remains unexplored due to its intrinsic instabi

249 accharide O antigen ligase), or alr (alanine racemase) resulted in increased urothelial interleukin-8

250 By comparing wild-type mandelate racemase's proficiency as a catalyst with the proficienc

251 alysis of amino-acid racemization by alanine racemase shows that the enzyme causes a ca 2 x 10(8)-fol

252 ) is racemized by the neuronal enzyme serine racemase (SR) from L-serine.

253 Serine racemase (SR) generates D-serine, a coagonist with gluta

254 Moreover, deletion of serine racemase (SR) in glutamatergic neurons abrogated d-serin

255 Serine racemase (SR) is the enzyme that converts L-serine to D-

256 D-Serine, formed from L-serine by serine racemase (SR), is a physiologic coagonist at NMDA recept

257 the biosynthetic enzyme of d-serine, serine racemase (SR), is expressed almost entirely by neurons,

258 Serine racemase (SR), localized to astrocytic glia that ensheat

259 DISC1 binds to and stabilizes serine racemase (SR), the enzyme that generates D-serine, an en

260 ome-wide association study identified serine racemase (SR), the enzyme that produces the NMDAR co-ago

261 We show that serine racemase (SR), which generates D-serine from L-serine, i

262 d in the brain by the neuronal enzyme serine racemase (SR).

263 pses and is synthesized by the enzyme serine racemase (SR).

264 from L-serine by the neuronal enzyme serine racemase (SR).

265 y glycine, a competitive inhibitor of serine racemase (SR).

266 quantitative trait locus of the human serine racemase (SRR) gene, was associated with fear-related ph

267 generated from l-serine by the enzyme serine racemase (Srr).

268 Also, as observed in other alanine racemase structures, PLP adopts a conformation that sign

269 mino acids long and belongs to the mandelate racemase subgroup in the enolase superfamily.

270 tectable levels, thus confirming that excess racemase substrate led to inhibition of DapF (Ct) DAP ep

271 idoxal phosphate resemble those of bacterial racemases, suggesting that the biosynthetic pathway for

272 Cycloserine is a known alanine racemase suicide substrate, although its mechanism of in

273 ivities and in vivo functions in the proline racemase superfamily (PRS; InterPro IPR008794).

274 een genes that encode members of the proline racemase superfamily, 4R-hydroxyproline 2-epimerase (Uni

275 A mitochondrial dehydrogenase or racemase system also forms (S)-4-hydroxypentanoate.

276 reveal the wide distribution of the lactate racemase system among prokaryotes, showing the high sign

277 T. cruzi proline racemase (TcPRAC), a T. cruzi B-cell mitogen, may contri

278 all purified Gram-positive bacterial alanine racemases that have been tested.

279 Serine racemase, the D-serine-synthesizing enzyme, is expressed

280 is currently great interest in human serine racemase, the enzyme responsible for producing the NMDA

281 Whereas l-serine is not transported, serine racemase, the synthesizing enzyme for d-serine, is ancho

282 n comparison to structurally related alanine racemase, the two domains are rotated 27 degrees relativ

283 Unlike most of known eukaryotic amino acid racemases, the newly discovered enzyme does not require

284 ons catalyzed by EryC (tetrulose-4-phosphate racemase), TpiA2 (D-3-tetrulose-4-phosphate isomerase; r

285 lactate racemase, one alpha-hydroxyglutarate racemase, two D-gluconate 2-epimerases, and one short-ch

286 racE1 and racE2 encode functional glutamate racemases, we cloned and expressed racE1 and racE2 in Es

287 and gerP spores with or without all alanine racemases were almost identical.

288 Three amino acid racemases were identified from a genomic screen, and the

289 resence of alanine dehydrogenase and alanine racemase, which are uniquely present among the Archaea,

290 tures of Bacillus stearothermophilus alanine racemase, which corroborates the spectroscopy via eviden

291 D-Serine is formed by serine racemase, which directly converts L-serine to D-serine.

292 ynthetic model of the active site of lactate racemase, which features a pyridinium-based SCS pincer l

293 A deficiency in 2-methylacyl-CoA racemase, which is essential for conversion of (25R)THCA

294 le exosporium also lacked the enzyme alanine racemase, which is normally tightly associated with the

295 n of the protein alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase, which is overexpressed in prostate cancer tiss

296 Lactate racemase, which isomerizes L- and D-lactate, is composed

297 the recent discovery of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, which preferentially labels adenocarcinoma of

298 It is concluded that TOXG encodes an alanine racemase whose function is to synthesize D-Ala for incor

299 model for the complex of the enzyme alanine racemase with its natural substrate (L-alanine) and cofa

300 racE1 and racE2 encode functional glutamate racemases with similar, but not identical, active site f