ライフサイエンスコーパス: rate-determining step

1 xidative addition to the Cu(I) center as the rate determining step.

2 , with dehydration of the MGO-dihydrate as a rate determining step.

3 stent with H-atom abstraction by S being the rate-determining step.

4 to the apo-[4Fe-4S] enzyme, well before the rate-determining step.

5 ond cleavage, which has been found to be the rate-determining step.

6 uired to reorient the peroxyl radical at the rate-determining step.

7 om an ammonium nitronate intermediate as the rate-determining step.

8 triple bond, which is generally considered a rate-determining step.

9 cal disproportionation reaction (RRD) as the rate-determining step.

10 ween cerium cations and hydroxyl ions is the rate-determining step.

11 rly 2 implicates O-H(D) bond breaking in the rate-determining step.

12 bond activation is irreversible and not the rate-determining step.

13 tion, our data show that it is not a primary rate-determining step.

14 at undergoes a charge rearrangement in KSI's rate-determining step.

15 found to reduce the reaction barrier of the rate-determining step.

16 to the carbonyl of the lactone moiety is the rate-determining step.

17 est that hydrogen abstraction is engaged the rate-determining step.

18 H bonds are simultaneously broken during the rate-determining step.

19 olymer phosphonate ester by a monomer as the rate-determining step.

20 Ar pathway, and phosphine elimination is the rate-determining step.

21 cleavage of the C-H bond takes place in the rate-determining step.

22 nd scission and that C2 deprotonation is the rate-determining step.

23 nation from this position is involved in the rate-determining step.

24 via a single electron transfer (SET) as the rate-determining step.

25 ))(2) --> E1 + 2K(+) transition is the major rate-determining step.

26 e cleavage of the C-H bond of alcohol is the rate-determining step.

27 alkyne into the rhodium-thiolate bond is the rate-determining step.

28 The ene reaction of two alkynes is the rate-determining step.

29 The alkene insertion is the rate-determining step.

30 e N-N bond of 1 by the Cu(I) catalyst is the rate-determining step.

31 higher free energy reaction barrier for the rate-determining step.

32 -determining step(s) usually occur after the rate-determining step.

33 than the overall cycle rate, and thus not a rate-determining step.

34 pared with GES-1, and no longer has a single rate-determining step.

35 ups in lowering the activation energy at the rate-determining step.

36 to the heterolytic C-H bond cleavage as the rate-determining step.

37 alogously to solvent as general acids in the rate-determining step.

38 metalation step might not be involved in the rate-determining step.

39 ar proton transfer to the double bond in the rate-determining step.

40 all ATPase cycle rate, thus assigned to be a rate-determining step.

41 ng the involvement of a hydrogen atom in the rate-determining step.

42 er than the overall cycling rate, thus not a rate-determining step.

43 bs = 0.996) points to attack of water as the rate-determining step.

44 e involvement of Sn-H bond activation in the rate-determining step.

45 fonamide on the Pt-coordinated olefin is the rate-determining step.

46 the association rate indicate a second-order rate-determining step.

47 rption of formic acid on the catalyst as the rate-determining step.

48 that it (CO(2)) is directly involved in the rate-determining step.

49 ectron transfer is involved in the catalytic rate-determining step.

50 nerates the acrylonitrile is found to be the rate-determining step.

51 onded amine aggregates is proposed to be the rate-determining step.

52 ermediate dibenzyl ether and to identify the rate-determining step.

53 molysis of the resulting intermediate is the rate-determining step.

54 ron transfer in the initial oxidation as the rate-determining step.

55 halogen bond cleavage is not involved in the rate-determining step.

56 tic studies suggest that C-H cleavage is the rate-determining step.

57 ere it requires lower energy to initiate the rate-determining step.

58 hat the cleavage of the leaving group is the rate-determining step.

59 H bond cleavage is irreversible, but not the rate-determining step.

60 studies revealed C-H bond activation as the rate-determining step.

61 hydroxide and a full negative charge in the rate-determining step.

62 ng the N-N bond of N2O during a bimolecular, rate-determining step.

63 bimetallic Ni(III) to generate ethane as the rate-determining step.

64 are thought to involve C-H activation as the rate-determining step.

65 he rearrangement of disulfide bonds as their rate-determining steps.

66 at nucleophilic bond formation occurs in the rate-determining step ((18)k(nuc) = 1.0326 +/- 0.0008).

67 that the C2-H bond of IPP is cleaved in the rate determining step and that general acid/base catalys

68 hanced to the extent that step 1 becomes the rate determining step and the [3Fe-4S]1+ intermediate is

69 the experimentally observed barrier for the rate-determining step and its pH dependence.

70 Product release is the rate-determining step and largely determines k(cat).

71 tein reorganization at the interface was the rate-determining step and not diffusion to the interface

72 iodine provide mechanistic insight into the rate-determining step and the oxidation state of Pd in t

73 sfer from the catalyst to the alcohol as the rate-determining step, and carbonate anion serving as th

74 inear free energy relationships for a single rate-determining step, and substantial differences in ki

75 carbene ejection and trapping by H(2) is the rate-determining step, and the barrier parallels that fo

76 The methyl transfer is the rate-determining step, and the obtained free energy barr

77 ate along a reaction coordinate, a switch of rate-determining step, and the possible turning of a tra

78 ithin the eight-membered metallacycle in the rate-determining step as a function of the steric demand

79 ng and leaving ligands to the Au core in the rate-determining step, as in an associative mechanism.

80 itial step in the catalytic process, and the rate-determining step at high acid concentrations appear

81 0-nm-sized particles of LiMn2 O4 reveals the rate-determining step at high overpotentials to be the t

82 more thermostable enzyme and a change in the rate-determining step at low temperature.

83 a revealed that the diffusion of ions is the rate-determining step at the three different time stages

84 pathways of ORR are firstly reviewed and the rate-determining steps based on the reaction intermediat

85 Thus a major rate-determining step becomes the direct conversion of a

86 anism for fragmentation with a change in the rate-determining step between the two series.

87 Modulations of the rate-determining step, by variation of the concentration

88 The post-rate-determining step, C-H bond activation of pyridine,

89 The results suggest that the rate-determining step can be changed from a physical ste

90 echanistic studies have established that the rate-determining step can vary with the structure of the

91 ninase from Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the rate-determining step changes from release of the second

92 The rate-determining step changes with the conditions, but t

93 approximately 130 mV per decade points to a rate-determining step comprised of water dissociation an

94 and substrate consumption, consistent with a rate-determining step following metal ion chelation.

95 analysis suggests reductive CO coupling as a rate determining step for C2 products, while n-propanol

96 ement of TFE by a C-H bond appears to be the rate-determining step for all three substrates; comparis

97 This suggests that there is a change in rate-determining step for benzoate formation with differ

98 galactopyranoside causes (1) a change in the rate-determining step for beta-galactosidase-catalyzed s

99 data implicate reductive elimination as the rate-determining step for both monomers.

100 Overall, the rate-determining step for both the correct and the incor

101 dependence that results from a change in the rate-determining step for charge recombination from radi

102 analysis) experiments demonstrates that the rate-determining step for CO formation is the conversion

103 s ranging from micro- to millimolar, and the rate-determining step for conversion of E(Aex1) to E(A-A

104 The rate-determining step for cracking is C-C bond attack of

105 selenoxide rearrangements indicates that the rate-determining step for cross-linking is after methide

106 The rate-determining step for dehydrogenation is the beta-hy

107 The QM formation is the rate-determining step for DNA cross-linking.

108 om beta-galactosidase causes a change in the rate-determining step for enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of

109 irming that the mutation had not altered the rate-determining step for ET and that this was still a t

110 ction at a C2'-endo nucleotide comprises the rate-determining step for folding an entire 154 nucleoti

111 electron transfer reaction was the probable rate-determining step for HAA reduction.

112 n degradation from the native 3' end, is the rate-determining step for mRNA decay.

113 The identity of the rate-determining step for the ( S)-HPP and ( R)-HPP reac

114 cating the absence of proton transfer in the rate-determining step for the association of thrombin wi

115 quitin-mediated degradation of CDC-25.1 is a rate-determining step for the E (gut) and P(3) (muscle a

116 1)H/(2)H kinetic isotope effect studies, the rate-determining step for the polymerization was determi

117 The rate-determining step for these cascades is typically th

118 udies suggest that oxidative addition is the rate-determining step for this process.

119 exachloroplatinate(IV), suggesting a similar rate-determining step for those reactions.

120 As with other class II aaRSs, the rate-determining step for ThrRS is amino acid activation

121 The results indicate new rate-determining steps for both phases.

122 A difference between the rate-determining steps for decomposition of the two clas

123 zed in terms of different resting states and rate-determining steps for each carbonylation reaction.

124 arance steps, which are considered to be the rate-determining steps for many promoters.

125 In the transition states in the rate-determining steps for the two pathways, carbon-oxyg

126 KIE of 1.0215 +/- 0.0005 strongly supports a rate-determining step formation of an Fe(IV) O species,

127 give rise to faster rates and a shift of the rate-determining step from hydrogen transfer to amine co

128 ed study of the physical half-process in the rate-determining step from its chemical counterpart.

129 ds by a stepwise mechanism, with a change in rate-determining step from proton transfer to the loss o

130 is indicates that the C-H bond formed in the rate-determining step has a bond dissociation free energ

131 us-dinitrosyl by the proximal FMNH(2) in the rate-determining step have been proposed.

132 calculated E(a) value (23.3 kcal/mol) in the rate-determining step, i.e., the homolysis of I2k, agree

133 w samples significantly, indicating that the rate determining step in extraction for these compounds

134 urst in DMAPP formation, suggesting that the rate determining step in the forward direction (IPP to D

135 tly reduces the activation enthalpies of the rate determining steps in reference to the oxygenated sy

136 ard the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the rate-determining step in a proton-exchange membrane fuel

137 ss I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), the rate-determining step in aminoacylation is the dissociat

138 Our calculations suggest that the rate-determining step in both cases consists of a C-C co

139 olving both the reductase and oxygenase, the rate-determining step in catalysis is the dissociation o

140 ation of reductase, which ultimately slows a rate-determining step in cholesterol synthesis.

141 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) catalyzes the rate-determining step in de novo lipogenesis and plays a

142 and 3.6(4) for OsO4(OH)-, indicates that the rate-determining step in each case involves H-H bond cle

143 implicating cleavage of the N-C bond as the rate-determining step in film growth.

144 ric DHA has previously been suggested as the rate-determining step in formation of methylglyoxal, the

145 The rate-determining step in free radical lipid peroxidation

146 monotonously with acyl chain length, is the rate-determining step in iPLAbeta-mediated hydrolysis of

147 tion, establish the first H2 addition as the rate-determining step in N2 hydrogenation.

148 , and limits its potential to accelerate the rate-determining step in oxidative regeneration.

149 The rate-determining step in oxygen reduction is the protona

150 ality control by showing that priming is the rate-determining step in protein degradation as directed

151 the impact of PDI and its subdomains on the rate-determining step in ribonuclease A folding and on t

152 ical rearrangement and that this step is the rate-determining step in substrate radical decay.

153 Product release is the rate-determining step in the arene syn-dihydroxylation r

154 n of a doubly protonated intermediate as the rate-determining step in the carbocation-mediated cis to

155 This attack is the rate-determining step in the catalytic cycle and has cha

156 lutarate.taurine complexes; and (4) that the rate-determining step in the catalytic cycle is release

157 The rate-determining step in the catalytic cycle of E. coli

158 he cobalt phthalocyanine complex changes the rate-determining step in the CO(2) reduction mechanism a

159 etalation or reductive elimination being the rate-determining step in the coupling process.

160 e we show that negative cooperativity in the rate-determining step in the E1 component of the Escheri

161 ns for such profound effects as shifting the rate-determining step in the electrocatalytic reduction

162 tope effect determinations revealed that the rate-determining step in the Friedel-Crafts transformati

163 the acyl-enzyme intermediate appears to be a rate-determining step in the hydrolysis of JH by MsJHE.

164 yribonucleoside kinases (dNKs) carry out the rate-determining step in the nucleoside salvage pathway

165 lubilized by apoA-I; apparently, this is the rate-determining step in the overall ABCA1-mediated cell

166 through the polymer shell is found to be the rate-determining step in the overall process.

167 ison with steady state data reveals that the rate-determining step in the overall reaction, conversio

168 iates, where the initial chlorination is the rate-determining step in the overall sequence of reactio

169 The rate-determining step in the overall turnover of the bc(

170 The rate-determining step in the oxidative regeneration path

171 This is the rate-determining step in the reaction cycle and is follo

172 substrates were identified according to the rate-determining step in the reaction.

173 uous (13)C NMR-based assay revealed that the rate-determining step in the Staudinger ligation of glyc

174 1, is approximately 10 times faster than the rate-determining step in the steady state (kcat = 0.1 s-

175 ctroscopy leading to the conclusion that the rate-determining step in the stereomutation of such pipe

176 This H atom transfer reaction is the rate-determining step in the tocopherol-mediated peroxid

177 suggest lysosomal integrity as a significant rate-determining step in the transmission of alpha-syn p

178 ne beta-synthase (dCBS), which catalyzes the rate-determining step in the TSP, is a positive regulato

179 rpsT P1, yfcZ, and ydfG--to characterize the rate-determining step in their degradation.

180 The rate-determining step in these reactions is the uptake o

181 dative addition of an O-H bond in H2O is the rate-determining step in this reaction.

182 Kinetic studies reveal that the rate-determining step in this S(N)1 pathway is the catal

183 ensitive trends, we disentangle the separate rate-determining steps in each particle across the very

184 ying TL conformational changes as one of two rate-determining steps in elongation.

185 sic CKIE of 1.051 and suggests two partially rate-determining steps in the decarboxylation of 1: tran

186 for separate first-irreversible and overall rate-determining steps in the hydration reaction, with t

187 tion, binding, and product release are often rate-determining steps in which enthalpy-entropy compens

188 at the substrate and PdL are involved in the rate-determining step, indicating that the C-H activatio

189 .0) suggests H-atom abstraction (HAA) is the rate-determining step, indicative of H-atom tunneling be

190 the hydride delivery to the substrate is the rate-determining step inside the capsule.

191 k(D) = 3.6(5) and 10.8(6)], showing that the rate-determining steps involve C-H activation.

192 r) = +14.1 cm(3) mol(-1)), consistent with a rate-determining step involving movement of the Leu 16 r

193 g hydrogen atom abstraction is the principle rate-determining step, involving a tunneling mechanism f

194 The rate-determining step is a direct "Baeyer-Villiger" type

195 his enthalpy difference, suggesting that the rate-determining step is associated either with the mobi

196 The rate-determining step is bond formation at the alkyne te

197 In the absence of ligand, the rate-determining step is dominated by the formation of l

198 The rate-determining step is generally accepted to be hydrog

199 minary mechanistic studies indicate that the rate-determining step is not C-H bond cleavage but are i

200 tic species involved in the polymerization's rate-determining step is not coordinated to pyridine.

201 s the reduction, even though the strain-free rate-determining step is orthogonal to the pulling direc

202 ride shift/electrocyclization process as the rate-determining step is proposed and discussed vs possi

203 intermediate prior to the loss of O2 in the rate-determining step is proposed.

204 y barrier (18.8 kcal/mol) calculated for the rate-determining step is reasonably close to the experim

205 We have determined that the rate-determining step is second order in aldehyde and fi

206 are consistent with a mechanism in which the rate-determining step is the addition of electrochemical

207 Through calculating energy barriers, the rate-determining step is the displacive transition.

208 ugh a birth and spread process, in which the rate-determining step is the formation on the surface of

209 The rate-determining step is the hydrophosphination with an

210 Directly following this rate-determining step is the intramolecular syn-beta-eli

211 the concentration of HOBt, showing that the rate-determining step is the reaction between the carbox

212 n of the resulting fatty acids to aldehydes (rate-determining step) is uniquely catalyzed via two par

213 Although PPi release is the rate-determining step, it is not the specificity-determi

214 um, the alpha-hydrogen abstraction to be the rate-determining step (KIE for 2/2-d(3) conversion to 3/

215 ctive sites during MDA, reaction mechanisms, rate-determining step, kinetics and catalyst activity of

216 ch protons do not seem to be involved in the rate-determining step, leading to a transiently negative

217 the formation of alpha-chloroglycine is the rate-determining step likely proceeding through the form

218 Moreover, the rate determining step of nitrate reduction (reduction to

219 he Ru-O2 complex plays a crucial role in the rate determining step of the catalytic cycle, but the ex

220 nd catalytic activity, establishing that the rate-determining step of catalysis is the intermolecular

221 y to flavonol through hydrolysis reaction is rate-determining step of considered process.

222 e that solvent proton donation occurs in the rate-determining step of dead time intermediate decay an

223 The rate-determining step of ethanol photocatalytic oxidatio

224 nstrates that no protons are involved in the rate-determining step of Fe(IV)-oxo formation, in contra

225 e-turnover kinetic analysis reveals that the rate-determining step of FEN1 switches as a function of

226 It is likely, therefore, that the rate-determining step of inactivation is the initial acy

227 ning enzyme, which catalyzes the initial and rate-determining step of l-tryptophan (l-Trp) metabolism

228 ning enzyme, which catalyzes the initial and rate-determining step of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) metabolism

229 ning enzyme, which catalyzes the initial and rate-determining step of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) metabolism

230 hat endonucleolytic cleavage is the initial, rate-determining step of mRNA decay in Escherichia coli

231 Ir.POM(8-) yield the transition state of the rate-determining step of nucleation.

232 Kinetic studies provide evidence that the rate-determining step of pol beta catalysis is phosphodi

233 a2 suggested that as the pH is elevated, the rate-determining step of RNR can be altered from a confo

234 The rate-determining step of the activated complex is the tr

235 ral acid-catalyzed elimination as the likely rate-determining step of the addition-elimination hydrol

236 The rate-determining step of the asymmetric cycle is the rel

237 A bimetallic Co species is invoked in the rate-determining step of the catalysis according to kine

238 demonstrate that the C-H bond rupture is the rate-determining step of the catalysis.

239 mediates, which appear to be involved in the rate-determining step of the catalytic cycle.

240 nds and is similar to the time scale for the rate-determining step of the catalytic reaction.

241 plex on the reaction pathway just before the rate-determining step of the concerted pathway and a SET

242 l results show that C-H bond cleavage is the rate-determining step of the current borylation reaction

243 Studies also show that the rate-determining step of the fluoronium forming SN1 reac

244 rrupts the sigmatropic shift and changes the rate-determining step of the interrupted cascade from th

245 pic and electrokinetic data, we identify the rate-determining step of the OER as the release of dioxy

246 reform the phosphine oxide catalyst, is the rate-determining step of the overall process and is sign

247 f the two allenes, which was found to be the rate-determining step of the overall reaction.

248 The rate-determining step of the oxidative half-reaction was

249 and UV spectroscopy and determined that the rate-determining step of the process is formation of a S

250 ific experiments allowed us to establish the rate-determining step of the reaction and to advance a r

251 topped-flow kinetic studies suggest that the rate-determining step of the reaction is likely to be th

252 13C kinetic isotope analysis showed that the rate-determining step of the reaction is the aldolizatio

253 ectron-donating core substituents affect the rate-determining step of the reaction.

254 an intermediate with C-Cl bond, acts as the rate-determining step of the reaction.

255 on of the arylpalladium intermediate, is the rate-determining step of the reaction.

256 this carbon-hydrogen bond is involved in the rate-determining step of the reaction.

257 he Pd(II) center in this intermediate is the rate-determining step of the reaction.

258 hat the oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(V) is the rate-determining step of the reaction.

259 ize the molecular mechanism of the first and rate-determining step of the splicing process (i.e., the

260 rnover nuclease assays, we have assigned the rate-determining step of the steady state nuclease react

261 release precedes the release of Pi, and the rate-determining step of the symmetric cycle becomes the

262 rization and hydrolysis, suggesting that the rate-determining step of these processes involves breaki

263 ep of the ring opening of the epoxide is the rate-determining step of these reactions.

264 suggest that the final hydroarylation is the rate-determining step of this cascade process.

265 The correlations indicate that the rate-determining step of this reaction is a nucleophilic

266 The Gibbs activation energies of the rate-determining steps of each mechanism were defined.

267 Post-rate-determining steps of the P(4) activation process we

268 In contrast to YibK, a change in the rate-determining step on the unfolding pathway for YbeA

269 lly, LiCl was found to have no effect on the rate-determining step or molecular weight distribution i

270 dized U(VI) from the UO(2)(s) surface as the rate-determining step rather than electron transfer or i

271 fate anion [EtSO(4)](-) demonstrate that the rate determining step (RDS) is second order in aldehyde,

272 arrier of DeltaG(double dagger)=0.43 eV, the rate determining step (RDS).

273 For AA, there are multiple rate determining steps (RDS) at both high and low temper

274 hat O-O bond heterolysis is likely to be the rate-determining step (RDS) at the mass transfer limited

275 y-Rideal (ER) mechanism using H2O + e(-) The rate-determining step (RDS) is C-C coupling of two CO, w

276 udies of six alkyne subtypes reveal that the rate-determining step (RDS) of an aromatic ynamine class

277 ng the involvement of N-H bond-breaking in a rate-determining step (RDS) which is not ring-closure.

278 initiate the reaction with 1,5-H shift as a rate-determining step (RDS), and the fastest 1,5-H shift

279 The rate-determining step(s) in these reactions is most like

280 cycle is proposed with Si-H insertion as the rate-determining step, supported by kinetic isotope expe

281 d at low pressure (1 x 10(-10) mbar), so the rate-determining step switches from being the carbonyl r

282 The initial deoxygenation involves a rate-determining step that consists of a (3+1) cheletrop

283 GB slows the rate-determining step that converts I(1) to the second k

284 composed by two adjacent Co(IV) atoms and a rate-determining step that involves oxygen-oxygen bond f

285 These isotope effects are consistent with a rate-determining step that occurs prior to breaking eith

286 ted to succinimide by two pathways and three rate-determining steps that shift in relative importance

287 hows that all reactions proceed via a common rate-determining step, the nucleophilic attack of 3-5 at

288 lacycle-forming oxidative cyclization as the rate-determining step, this study illustrates that the c

289 o lattice in the Co-NGC structure is a vital rate-determining step to achieve excellent bifunctional

290 l and DeltaS = -2(3) cal/mol.K, and the post-rate-determining step to be C-H bond activation of benze

291 The rate-determining step to methane and ethylene formation

292 e protease upon completion of folding is the rate-determining step to protease maturation and, (ii) I

293 lf the oxidant but decays via a unimolecular rate-determining step to unmask a powerful oxidant.

294 g unimolecular silyl loss or C-O cleavage as rate-determining steps toward carbide formation.

295 of the tetrahydrofolate (THF) product is the rate-determining step under physiological conditions and

296 This indicated that the rate-determining step was reductive elimination from the

297 law as well as activation parameters for the rate-determining step were derived and complemented by a

298 on from their unstructured precursors in the rate-determining step, were found to be higher than thos

299 dependence on the substrate and water and a rate-determining step which involves the first electron

300 4-O-5 ether bonds, C-O bond cleavage is the rate-determining step, with the reactants competing with