ライフサイエンスコーパス: replication-defective

1 173RR/R157A/R158A are arginine deficient and replication defective.

2 ecific histidine residue at this position is replication defective.

3 rbor inactivating mutations that render them replication defective.

4 intact genes and regulatory regions but was replication defective.

5 lly, both T125A and T125D mutant viruses are replication defective.

6 All mutant viruses were replication defective.

7 t of the bipartite mutants studied here were replication defective.

8 nd a construct containing both mutations was replication defective.

9 Therefore, viruses with such mutations are replication defective.

10 rted into a non-coding region were similarly replication defective.

11 HR1 cells, the Zta (m22/26,74/75) mutant was replication defective.

12 ant altered at both amino acids 12 and 13 is replication defective.

13 More common replication-defective Ad (RD-Ad) vectors with deletions

14 hypothesis that a single administration of a replication-defective Ad gene-transfer vector encoding t

15 the activation of DNA damage responses by a replication-defective Ad vector (AdRSVbetagal) that lack

16 iciency virus type 1 with a regimen in which replication-defective Ad vectors of the human serotype 5

17 In addition, replication-defective Ad vectors that express individual

18 tion of E1A and E1B genes and infection with replication-defective Ad with E1A, E1B, and E3 deleted,

19 mutant Ad5 (Ad5hr) and then immunized with a replication defective Ad5 SIVmac239 Gag/Pol/Nef vaccine

20 alizing antibodies (NAs) to Ad5 who received replication-defective Ad5 (rAd5)-based human immunodefic

21 ssociated Ags (MAAs) by a chimpanzee-derived replication-defective AdC68 vector were compared in a mo

22 This combination of the replication-defective Adeno-P450 with a replication-cond

23 o expand after a booster immunization with a replication-defective adenoviral (Ad) vector also expres

24 zation by priming with DNA and boosting with replication-defective adenoviral (ADV) vectors encoding

25 gated by overexpressing wild-type iex-1 with replication-defective adenoviral gene transfer.

26 To circumvent this problem, a novel replication-defective adenoviral vaccine carrier based o

27 A replication-defective adenoviral vector (Adv) carrying t

28 in an FMD mouse model when delivered with a replication-defective adenoviral vector [Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D

29 ine regimen included a plasmid DNA prime and replication-defective adenoviral vector boost.

30 imal CD8 immunity induced by DNA priming and replication-defective adenoviral vector boosting.

31 processed to single cells, transduced with a replication-defective adenoviral vector encoding GM-CSF,

32 d to single-cell suspension, infected with a replication-defective adenoviral vector encoding GM-CSF,

33 vestigated the combined use of Ad.Egr-TNF, a replication-defective adenoviral vector encoding the cDN

34 Our preclinical and clinical trials using a replication-defective adenoviral vector expressing IFN-b

35 We immunized monkeys with plasmid DNA and replication-defective adenoviral vectors encoding SIV pr

36 al models by gene transfer with the use of a replication defective adenovirus (Ad) containing a human

37 bined with TLR7/8 ligands, then boosted with replication defective adenovirus 5 expressing SIV Gag (r

38 Ectopic expression of mda-7 by means of a replication defective adenovirus results in growth suppr

39 oost regimen with two serologically distinct replication-defective adenovirus (Ad) vectors derived fr

40 lycoproteins encoded by US7 to US10 by using replication-defective adenovirus (Ad) vectors.

41 rtant role for the innate immune response in replication-defective adenovirus (Ad)-mediated acute liv

42 ne tumor vaccine by generating a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus (Ad-HT) that coexpresse

43 Replication-defective adenovirus (ADV) and poxvirus vect

44 elerythrine chloride (10 micromol/L)], and a replication-defective adenovirus (Adv) encoding a domina

45 Replication-defective adenovirus (ADV) vectors represent

46 Here we show that a chimpanzee-derived replication-defective adenovirus (ChAd) vaccine also rap

47 ptosis, when compared with cells infected by replication-defective adenovirus (dl312) as a negative c

48 Replication-defective adenovirus (rAd) vaccine vectors a

49 Previous studies employing replication-defective adenovirus (rAd) vectors that tran

50 n (HA) and boosting with seasonal vaccine or replication-defective adenovirus 5 vector encoding HA st

51 cell lines U87 and U251 were transduced with replication-defective adenovirus constitutively expressi

52 In the present study we report that a replication-defective adenovirus construct of GMF cDNA (

53 53 protein levels did not change in control, replication-defective adenovirus containing an insertles

54 ed human primary hepatocytes infected with a replication-defective adenovirus containing HBx.

55 Therefore, we constructed a replication-defective adenovirus encoding a GFP-FRNK fus

56 and in combination with immunization using a replication-defective adenovirus encoding h5T4 (Rad.h5T4

57 ility, safety, and transgene expression of a replication-defective adenovirus encoding nitroreductase

58 the efficacy of systemic administration of a replication-defective adenovirus expressing endostatin (

59 analyzed in glioblastoma cells exposed to a replication-defective adenovirus expressing UL82 (Adpp71

60 DN), was introduced into tumor cells using a replication-defective adenovirus expression system.

61 of intrahepatic V(alpha)14iNKT cells during replication-defective adenovirus infection is not known

62 to alleviate liver pathology associated with replication-defective adenovirus infection.

63 The replication-defective adenovirus is a promising vaccine

64 in nonhuman primates by HIV-1 gag-expressing replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) or pox

65 modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector, and a replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vector

66 nd durability of immune responses induced by replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 (ADV5) vecto

67 Replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) is th

68 by infecting RA synovial fibroblasts with a replication-defective adenovirus that expresses a consti

69 A control replication-defective adenovirus that expresses beta-gal

70 expression was mediated by infection with a replication-defective adenovirus that expresses Rb (Ad-R

71 s, we cloned BCR(64-413) into a recombinant, replication-defective adenovirus to express useful quant

72 eceiving antiretroviral therapy were given a replication-defective adenovirus type 5 HIV-1 gag vaccin

73 ells after vaccination of female mice with a replication-defective adenovirus vector of human serotyp

74 We used a replication-defective adenovirus vector to deliver the f

75 GFP gene copy number delivered to cells by a replication-defective adenovirus vector, Ad.CMV-GFP, and

76 ent death after hepatic artery infusion of a replication-defective adenovirus vector.

77 Using replication-defective adenovirus vectors and replication

78 product-specific CD8(+) T cells elicited by replication-defective adenovirus vectors are linked to p

79 Here, we show that local delivery of replication-defective adenovirus vectors encoding IL-23

80 To evaluate this, we primed mice with replication-defective adenovirus vectors expressing the

81 Replication-defective adenovirus vectors expressing vIL-

82 vaccines for pathogens for which traditional replication-defective adenovirus vectors have not been e

83 inactivated ORF66 (GFP-66 and GFP-66kd) from replication-defective adenovirus vectors revealed that O

84 To test this hypothesis, replication-defective adenovirus vectors that express wi

85 Replication-defective adenovirus vectors were used to in

86 of the glycoproteins was expressed by using replication-defective adenovirus vectors.

87 the UL19 and UL47 genes were expressed from replication-defective adenovirus vectors.

88 We have made a replication-defective adenovirus, AdCMV-FlagXPA(59-114),

89 e then constructed and generated recombinant replication-defective adenovirus, with DNKu70 controlled

90 es (CpG ODN), and boosted 12 wk later with a replication-defective adenovirus-expressing HIV-Gag (rAD

91 expressed in the RPE of rats by injection of replication-defective adenovirus.

92 d these antigens with plasmid or E1-deleted (replication-defective) adenovirus vectors.

93 Replication defective adenoviruses are promising vectors

94 The innate immune response against replication-defective adenoviruses (Ad) is poorly define

95 iplicity of infection (MOI), 100; 24 h) with replication-defective adenoviruses (Adv) expressing domi

96 denovirus vaccines that are being tested are replication-defective adenoviruses (RD-Ads).

97 Here, we transduced replication-defective adenoviruses encoding human ACE2 v

98 However, broad clinical application of replication-defective adenoviruses in gene therapy is be

99 tive (ad-IGF-1R/dn; 482, 950) are E1-deleted replication-defective adenoviruses.

100 combined with various Th1-type adjuvants and replication-defective alphaviral particles encoding HCV

101 E1 region replacement adenoviruses are replication defective and are propagated in cells provid

102 The LLP-1 mutants (MX1 and MX4) were replication defective and showed an average of 85% decre

103 rmed that HIV-1(V165A) and HIV-1(R166A) were replication defective and that less mutant viral cDNA lo

104 d gene switch, we recently generated a novel replication-defective and anti-HSV-specific HSV-1 recomb

105 ype (WT) reversion during complementation of replication-defective and attenuated viruses via HR with

106 usly constructed a glycoprotein D-expressing replication-defective and dominant-negative HSV-1 recomb

107 B7 costimulation molecules by a prototypical replication-defective antiviral vaccine could enhance im

108 evious clinical experience with vaccinia and replication-defective avipox recombinant carcinoembryoni

109 trol of individual poxvirus promoters, and a replication-defective avipox virus (fowlpox; rF) contain

110 6Q), HIV-1(Q214L/Q216L), and HIV-1(C130G) as replication defective, but phenotypic classification was

111 a formation following infection with a lytic replication-defective BZLF1-deleted (Z-KO) virus or a ly

112 tion of the EBV episome occurred even with a replication-defective BZLF1-knockout virus, amplificatio

113 sms contributed to an increased apoptosis of replication-defective cells in the C/EBPbeta-null epithe

114 rtners to accelerate clinical development of replication-defective chimpanzee adenovirus 3 vector vac

115 Specifically, we tested a vaccine based on a replication-defective chimpanzee-derived adenovirus vect

116 nts, which we previously identified as being replication defective, contain abnormally high levels of

117 Replication-defective CR2 point mutants exhibited the sa

118 Three basic viral phenotypes were observed: replication defective (dead; titer < 1 focus-forming uni

119 When ICP4 protein was provided by the replication-defective DNA polymerase mutant HP66, the ge

120 quency in European wildcats; however, it was replication defective due to a single G -> A nucleotide

121 HIV-1 strain carrying K266A/R269A in IN was replication-defective due to a block in reverse transcri

122 Adeno-P450, a replication-defective, E1/E3 region-deleted adenovirus e

123 whole Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine based on a replication-defective EBOV (EBOVDeltaVP30) protects immu

124 type 1 recombinant virus that is completely replication-defective, expresses high-levels of HSV-1 ma

125 sed dCTP, dTTP, and dATP pools; aberrant DNA replication; defective expression of muscle-specific pro

126 In this study, an alternative replication-defective flavivirus vector, RepliVax (RV),

127 Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) is a replication defective form of vaccinia virus.

128 at involved vaccinations with the following: replication-defective fowlpox recombinant (rF)-CEA(6D)-T

129 man B cells can be efficiently infected by a replication-defective fowlpox recombinant vector, design

130 Thus, this replication-defective gammaherpesvirus efficiently estab

131 rpesvirus latency, we previously generated a replication-defective gammaHV68 lacking the expression o

132 licating adenovirus to promote the spread of replication-defective gene therapy vectors, such as Aden

133 We examined whether gene transfer with replication-defective genomic herpes simplex virus (HSV)

134 Use of a replication-defective HCV John Cunningham 1/AAG mutant a

135 itic cells (DC) were transduced ex vivo with replication-defective, helper virus-free, herpes simplex

136 silencing in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) using replication-defective herpes simplex viral (HSV-1) vecto

137 actic-co-glycolic) acid microparticles and a replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) recombi

138 Replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains

139 e transfer to the dorsal root ganglion using replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based v

140 nt study, the effects of gene therapy, using replication-defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1

141 nglion neurons transduced with a recombinant replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector coding

142 Subcutaneous inoculation of a replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector expres

143 followed by a subcutaneous inoculation of a replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector expres

144 were inoculated with CVL samples spiked with replication-defective HIV containing a luciferase indica

145 -gamma(+)) cells, even upon infection with a replication-defective HIV vector with a pseudotype envel

146 In contrast, replication-defective HIV-1(E246K) synthesized near-norm

147 could serve as a diagnostic for identifying replication-defective HIV-1.

148 Replication-defective HSV stimulates immune responses in

149 B7 costimulation molecules in a prototypical replication-defective HSV vaccine against HSV-2 genital

150 sly showed that maternal immunization with a replication-defective HSV vaccine candidate, dl5-29, lea

151 A replication-defective HSV vector backbone was engineered

152 In animals immunized with replication-defective HSV, durable serum immunoglobulin

153 Immunized mice were inoculated with a replication-defective HSV-1 vector that expressed the Es

154 id of B7-1 and B7-2 costimulation molecules, replication-defective HSV-2 encoding B7-1 or B7-2 induce

155 at similar to the dl5-29 vaccine, based on a replication-defective HSV-2 mutant virus, which has been

156 MPL, gD2 in Freund's adjuvant, and dl5-29 (a replication-defective HSV-2 mutant) in HSV-1-seropositiv

157 s endogenous B7 costimulation molecules with replication-defective HSV-2 or replication-defective vir

158 d a non-gD2-expressing dominant-negative and replication-defective HSV-2 recombinant in protection ag

159 ICP0 null mutant-based dominant-negative and replication-defective HSV-2 recombinant, CJ2-gD2, that c

160 um antibody generated by immunization with a replication-defective HSV-2 vaccine prototype strain in

161 escalation, phase I clinical trial of NP2, a replication-defective HSV-based vector expressing human

162 These results indicate that the ability of a replication-defective HSV-derived vaccine vector to elic

163 and B-cell memory following vaccination with replication-defective HSV.

164 ouble-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of a replication-defective HSV2 vaccine, HSV529.

165 Replication-defective human adenovirus (Ad) group C tran

166 r III interferons (IFNs) by inoculation of a replication-defective human adenovirus 5 (Ad5) vector ex

167 a and type II IFN (IFN-gamma) delivered by a replication-defective human adenovirus 5 (Ad5) vector pr

168 ate with rhesus macaques that priming with a replication-defective human adenovirus serotype 35 (Ad35

169 immunogenicity of formulated plasmid DNA and replication-defective human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5)

170 ression of this molecule using a recombinant replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vect

171 e present study, we constructed recombinant, replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 vectors co

172 I interferon gene (poIFN-alpha/beta) with a replication-defective human adenovirus vector (adenoviru

173 A conditionally replication-defective human cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccin

174 We recently reported a replication-defective human cytomegalovirus with restore

175 nome contains approximately 50 copies of the replication-defective human endogenous retrovirus 9 (ERV

176 SARS-CoV-2 spike-pseudotyped, single-cycle, replication-defective human immunodeficiency virus type-

177 emipermeable supports were transduced with a replication-defective human immunodeficiency virus-based

178 genetic immunization of C57BL/6 mice with a replication-defective human papillomavirus pseudovirus (

179 In contrast, F(-) HIV-1(HXBc2) was replication defective in primary T cells.

180 Q/461G virus was constructed and shown to be replication-defective in mammalian cells due to severely

181 nuclear import may be a common phenotype of replication-defective IN mutant viruses.

182 Further analyses of the replication-defective IN mutants indicated that the bloc

183 ntation of a hyperphosphorylation-deficient, replication-defective JFH1 replicon.

184 nesis, we isolated and characterized a lytic replication-defective KSHV, KV-1, containing an 82-kb ge

185 itro study demonstrates the feasibility of a replication-defective lentiviral vector delivery system

186 tissue and utilized in the construction of a replication-defective lentiviral vector.

187 A replication-defective lentivirus vector that expresses e

188 lication complexes, which were absent when a replication-defective LT mutant or an MCPyV-origin mutan

189 t adenovirus type 5 (rAd5) prime followed by replication-defective lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

190 echanism to render aptamer-resistant viruses replication defective make this an attractive class of i

191 SV-2 vaccine strain, dl5-29, and other HSV-2 replication-defective mutant strains to protect against

192 However, replication defective mutants failed to unwind a small o

193 BMV recombination by expressing a series of replication-defective mutants of BMV RNA3 in (+) or (-)

194 The replication-defective mutants showed defects in both ear

195 Replication-defective mutants were typed as class I (blo

196 Finally, the identification of replication-defective mutants with normal viral assembly

197 e screening method to identify intracellular replication-defective mutants.

198 to facilitate efficient complementation of a replication-defective mutation in NS5A.

199 The replication-defective mutations affected conserved amino

200 ementation assay was also developed in which replication-defective NC mutants were rescued by coexpre

201 to demonstrate intragenic complementation of replication-defective NS5A alleles.

202 his report, we examined an additional set of replication-defective NS5A mutations in trans-complement

203 Replication-defective oncoretroviruses are able to effic

204 ion by codon shuffling as a means to produce replication-defective or attenuated viruses.

205 t viruses were isolated from three different replication-defective parental mutants, and in all cases

206 h the RRR substitution mutation results in a replication-defective phenotype.

207 uck hepatitis virus (WHV) are not completely replication defective, possibly behaving like attenuated

208 in the ERV-DC14 env gene, which results in a replication-defective product, is highly prevalent in Eu

209 immunity after replication, oral delivery of replication-defective rAd vectors encoding specific immu

210 followed by a systemic or mucosal boost with replication-defective rAd5-gag.

211 gene transfer and therapy approaches, where replication-defective (RD) gene transfer is required, E1

212 most cases, Ad vaccines are engineered to be replication-defective (RD-Ad) vectors.

213 Replication-defective (RD-Ad6) vectors produce low level

214 cination strategy to administer AERAS-402, a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus (rAd) type

215 or-containing RKO cells were infected with a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus containing

216 afety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus serotype 5

217 one of the following vaccine constructs: (i) replication-defective recombinant adenovirus type 5 (Ad5

218 f ATRA to mice during in vivo priming with a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus vector expr

219 transduction, rats were injected with either replication-defective recombinant adenovirus with DNA co

220 Replication-defective recombinant adenoviruses are the m

221 s, we have generated doxycycline-repressible replication-defective recombinant adenoviruses encoding

222 epatocytes (PRH) or intact male SD rats with replication-defective recombinant adenoviruses encoding

223 A replication-defective recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus

224 CJ9-gD belongs to a new class of replication-defective recombinant herpes simplex viruses

225 les, CJ2-gD2 represents a new class of HSV-2 replication-defective recombinant viral vaccines in prot

226 In replication-defective reporter adenoviruses, the hTR pro

227 oprotein was used successfully to pseudotype replication-defective retroviral and lentiviral vectors

228 nship among MGE-derived interneurons using a replication-defective retroviral library containing a hi

229 We report, for the first time, a replication-defective retroviral vector-associated neopl

230 oncogene into the mammary epithelium using a replication-defective retroviral vector.

231 We have used replication-defective retroviral vectors to analyze the

232 been widely exploited for the generation of replication-defective retroviral vectors, including thos

233 e bone marrow cells infected in vitro with a replication-defective retrovirus carrying the Sox4 oncog

234 cushion cells responded similarly in vivo, a replication-defective retrovirus encoding FGF-4 with the

235 r investigate these elements, we sequenced a replication-defective retrovirus, here named tetraonine

236 Chick somitic cells were labeled by using replication-defective retroviruses or quail/chick chimer

237 ses were injected on embryonic day (E)3 with replication-defective retroviruses that express full-len

238 st delamination by labeling progenitors with replication-defective retroviruses.

239 gene expression, these studies have utilized replication-defective retroviruses.

240 ntial for replication of mutant WN RNAs, and replication-defective RNAs failed to produce negative st

241 Studies with replication-defective RNAs suggested that miR-122 did no

242 e NC mutants were rescued by coexpression of replication-defective RT mutants that provided wild-type

243 corresponding hybridoma and inserted into a replication-defective serotype 5 human Ad gene transfer

244 tegies in clinical trials include the use of replication-defective shuttle vectors to deliver exogeno

245 ar stomatitis virus glycoprotein-pseudotyped replication-defective simian immunodeficiency viruses (d

246 n of compounds that inhibit the ability of a replication-defective simian virus 40 (SV40)-based viral

247 Here we used a replication-defective (single-cycle) flavivirus platform

248 We altered an ICP8(-) replication-defective strain of HSV type 2 (HSV-2), 5Bla

249 gD2, a plasmid expressing gD2, and dl5-29, a replication-defective strain of HSV-2 with the essential

250 aphidicolin treatment or through the use of replication-defective SV40 mutants diminished the effect

251 igen in mediating priming by pol-prim, three replication-defective T antigens with mutations in the A

252 sed mutational errors that would render them replication defective, these viral RNAs were not differe

253 eripheral blood monocytes were infected with replication-defective type 5 adenovirus.

254 Replication-defective vaccine vectors based on vesicular

255 was detected in 293T cells transfected with replication-defective variants.

256 ther vaccines, including heat-inactivated or replication-defective varicella-zoster virus to prevent

257 he transgene 3 days after injection with the replication-defective vector, with a rapid decline in ex

258 ant adenoviruses are the most widely studied replication-defective vectors for the potential treatmen

259 , and E1B-19K genes, and adenovirus E1-minus replication-defective vectors that express all E3 genes,

260 classified into those that do not replicate (replication-defective vectors) and those that selectivel

261 ribe a new vaccine candidate that utilizes a replication-defective vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) v

262 s the persistence of otherwise acute viruses.Replication defective viral genomes (DVGs) can facilitat

263 Replication defective viral genomes (DVGs) generated dur

264 rom the pathogenic virus incorporated into a replication-defective viral particle that contains a sen

265 A safe, replication-defective viral vector that can induce mucos

266 . tumors with a replication-conditional or a replication-defective viral vector, each of which expres

267 The inability of replication-defective viral vectors to efficiently trans

268 include peptides, recombinant proteins, DNA, replication-defective viral vectors, genetically disable

269 ed only vertically as proviruses and produce replication-defective virions that package only a portio

270 of HIV that contained the mutations produced replication-defective virions.

271 was performed both in vitro and in vivo with replication-defective virus (DL312) and no treatment as

272 t serum antibody induced by vaccination with replication-defective virus aids in reducing establishme

273 ore IFN-gamma-producing CD4 T cells than did replication-defective virus alone.

274 ainst HSV-2 challenge than immunization with replication-defective virus alone.

275 Prior immunization with B7-expressing, replication-defective virus also effectively suppressed

276 In order to develop a replication-defective virus as a vaccine candidate, we c

277 olecules with replication-defective HSV-2 or replication-defective virus encoding B7-2 and compared t

278 Replication-defective virus encoding B7-2 induced more I

279 ophages purified from mice infected with the replication-defective virus harbored viral genome at a f

280 t replicate and spread in the host, however, replication-defective virus may have relatively limited

281 We have previously shown that replication-defective virus particles are able to induce

282 nt (K30) with two fewer amino acids produced replication-defective virus particles, despite containin

283 We have previously described a replication-defective virus vaccine based on strain AD16

284 We previously described a replication-defective virus vaccine that has been demons

285 lecules, but this signal may be limiting for replication-defective virus vaccines.

286 demonstrated that following vaccination of a replication-defective virus with the restored pentameric

287 Passive transfer of replication-defective virus-immune serum at physiologic

288 vely than did immunization with the parental replication-defective virus.

289 ppen in animals previously vaccinated with a replication-defective virus.

290 sion of the segment of viral DNA, leading to replication-defective virus.

291 to those of CMs infected (vaccinated) with a replication-defective virus.

292 e combined use of intravitreal injections of replication-defective viruses and molecular probes allow

293 ssembly in vivo, we inoculated wild-type and replication-defective viruses into the posterior chamber

294 se the possibility that genetically tailored replication-defective viruses may make effective and saf

295 cted following infection with UV-irradiated, replication-defective viruses possessing transcriptional

296 otic cellular proteins, exogenous agents, or replication-defective viruses.

297 therefore illustrate that potentially safer replication-defective VSV can be successfully engineered

298 These replication-defective VSV vectors were effective at gene

299 We previously produced a replication-defective West Nile virus (WNV) lacking NS1

300 e gD in infected cells, CJ9-gD is completely replication defective, yields high-level expression of g