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1 s location that stimulated the corresponding retinal ganglion cell.
2 h resulted in compromised differentiation of retinal ganglion cells.
3 t channels for transmission to the brain via retinal ganglion cells.
4 ersible blindness due to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells.
5 tic transmission, which is propagated to the retinal ganglion cells.
6 associate with endosomes along the axons of retinal ganglion cells.
7 rizontal cells, as well as a small number of retinal ganglion cells.
8 s with intracellular recordings from macaque retinal ganglion cells.
9 tic transmission, which is propagated to the retinal ganglion cells.
10 immediately after axonal injury in purified retinal ganglion cells.
11 isely converging inputs from similarly tuned retinal ganglion cells.
12 wholemounts, we estimated a total of 353,000 retinal ganglion cells.
13 lycemia, particularly preserving survival of retinal ganglion cells.
14 Both RORalpha and SEMA3E were expressed in retinal ganglion cells.
15 by the innervation of the visual thalamus by retinal ganglion cells.
16 ed that arousal modulates the firing of some retinal ganglion cells.
17 that this interaction is present in primary retinal ganglion cells.
18 cells are one of the major types of primate retinal ganglion cells.
19 otoreceptor mediated stimulation in the same retinal ganglion cells.
20 mmatory mode of action or a direct impact on retinal ganglion cells.
21 to optically record optogenetically restored retinal ganglion cell activity in the fovea of the livin
23 pletion impaired the removal of dead labeled retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve crush, but rema
24 cells, such that the densities of early-born retinal ganglion cells, amacrine and horizontal cells, a
25 ding to an overall decrease in the number of retinal ganglion cells, amacrine cells, and an increase
26 etinas displayed a massive postnatal loss of retinal ganglion cells and a large fraction of photorece
27 e (within 8 degrees of the central field) to retinal ganglion cells and associated central visual fie
28 we measured the topographic distribution of retinal ganglion cells and determined the spatial resolu
29 -unit recordings from synaptically connected retinal ganglion cells and LGN neurons and measured the
30 e recordings from monosynaptically connected retinal ganglion cells and LGN neurons in male/female ca
31 xpression of essentially the same markers of retinal ganglion cells and neuronal cells as seen in 661
32 of the midbrain, converging projections from retinal ganglion cells and neurons in visual cortex must
35 ic negative-response (PhNR; originating from retinal ganglion cells) and i-wave components were extra
36 , motoneurons, dorsal root ganglion neurons, retinal ganglion cells, and callosal projection neurons
37 expressed in several bipolar cell subtypes, retinal ganglion cells, and some amacrine cell subtypes
38 CYP2J2 overexpression on the attenuation of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a glaucoma rat model.
39 psin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells are characterized by sluggish act
43 f gene regulatory reprogramming in zebrafish retinal ganglion cells at specific time points along the
44 inant viral overexpression of LOTUS enhances retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration after optic ne
46 e tool to automatically and accurately count retinal ganglion cell axons in optic nerve (ON) tissue i
48 t arose in the developing Xenopus brain, and retinal ganglion cell axons turned to follow this gradie
49 thologic studies showing age-related loss of retinal ganglion cell axons, we showed a significant dec
50 and inner plexiform layers, the sites of the retinal ganglion cell bodies and dendrites, respectively
52 findings, we showed that, in rats, axons of retinal ganglion cells converge on hypothalamic neurons
55 induces permanent visual dysfunction due to retinal ganglion cell damage in multiple sclerosis and e
57 e (IOP), which causes optic nerve damage and retinal ganglion cell death, is the primary risk factor
61 ecies, we found a temporal area with maximum retinal ganglion cell density ( approximately 5,000-7,00
62 stimates of spatial resolution based on peak retinal ganglion cell density and eye size ( approximate
63 onfiguration of the retina (i.e., changes in retinal ganglion cell density from the retinal periphery
64 t to measure the topographic distribution of retinal ganglion cell density using stereology and retin
67 crohabitats have a pronounced streak of high retinal ganglion cell density, whereas those favoring mo
70 e, it is unknown whether direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) exist in primates and, if
71 eiving inputs from the melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells encode spatial information and th
73 (the vesicular GABA/glycine transporter) in retinal ganglion cells enhances the activity of inner re
78 In primates, over 17 morphological types of retinal ganglion cell have been distinguished by their d
79 ature, other important cell classes, such as retinal ganglion cells, have proven much more challengin
80 ociated with a loss of structural markers of retinal ganglion cell health in a multiethnic Asian popu
81 Muller glia, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, retinal ganglion cells, horizontal cells, astrocytes, an
84 t on central neurotransmission, studying the retinal ganglion cells in individuals who regularly use
88 e outgrowth in vitro and for the survival of retinal ganglion cells in vivo following optic nerve inj
89 ells, AII amacrine and melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells, in control and PD eyes from huma
90 een reported to occur only between homotypic retinal ganglion cells, in line with the concept of para
91 the spatial organization of cone signals in retinal ganglion cells, including how signals from cones
93 retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) chan
94 , sixth type of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) in the mouse-the M6 cell.
95 sin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) subtypes are two RGC types
98 is mediated by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) and is critical for driv
100 emonstrate that intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are both resilient to ce
101 discovered that intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are critical for this re
102 psin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are thought to play a ro
110 sin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) synchronize our biologic
112 psin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), but the relevant downst
113 mmalian retina, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), has had a revolutionary
116 he trichromatic primate retina, the "midget" retinal ganglion cell is the classical substrate for red
117 ructural changes of the optic nerve head and retinal ganglion cells is the hallmark of glaucoma diagn
118 optic nerve atrophy resulting from death of retinal ganglion cells is the most prominent ocular mani
119 d of the M(1) receptor, neuron number in the retinal ganglion cell layer and axon number in the optic
120 itecture, specifically, the thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (G
121 xygen species level was also elevated in the retinal ganglion cell layer of aged M(1) receptor-defici
122 ons of the retinal nerve fiber layer and the retinal ganglion cell layer with spectral-domain optical
125 tly in cones and combined at the bipolar and retinal ganglion cell level, creating parallel color opp
126 ion photoswitch that is capable of restoring retinal ganglion cell light responses to blue or white l
127 However, optic nerve crush injury-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss evokes neither peripheral mon
128 clusion, M(1) receptor deficiency results in retinal ganglion cell loss in aged mice via involvement
129 attenuated visual dysfunction, and prevented retinal ganglion cell loss in experimental optic neuriti
130 opsin cells may contribute to the melanopsin retinal ganglion cell loss previously described and to t
131 e retina, which is associated with increased retinal ganglion cell loss, retinal nerve fiber layer th
135 valent eye disease characterized by death of retinal ganglion cells; lowering IOP is the only proven
136 tatory and disinhibitory inputs to a type of retinal ganglion cell maximizes the signal-to-noise rati
137 asses-rods, cones, and melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs)-have been shown to provid
138 uses vision loss through the degeneration of retinal ganglion cell neurons and their axons in the opt
139 mitted to the brain by dimming-sensitive OFF retinal ganglion cells (OFF-RGCs) that respond to light
140 the four subtypes of ON direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (ON-DS RGCs), those preferring ve
143 open-angle glaucoma with structural macular retinal ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (RGC+IP
146 the midbrain is the primary region to which retinal ganglion cells project their axons in the chick.
147 Introduction of miR-223-3p in vivo in mouse retinal ganglion cells protects their axons from degener
148 pression of ephrin-A3 (Efna3) in a subset of retinal ganglion cells, quantitatively altering the reti
149 s significant because chemical synapses on a retinal ganglion cell require the probabilistic release
150 RNFL thickness near birth, implying that the retinal ganglion cells reserve is affected by intrauteri
151 retina, extensive work has revealed how the retinal ganglion cells respond to extracellular electric
152 Pou5f1), Sox2 and Klf4 genes (OSK) in mouse retinal ganglion cells restores youthful DNA methylation
153 deferiprone, preserves vision and attenuates retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and axonal loss during EAE o
156 small fraction of Xenopus tadpoles, a single retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon misprojects to the ipsi
159 in-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) by initiating retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration after axot
162 NS axon regeneration, and we have shown that retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons regenerate in the liza
164 tood, the mechanisms promoting the growth of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons toward visual targets
165 MAP1B and CRMP2 was expectedly increased in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons upon enhanced GSK3 act
168 licated in developing LHON phenotype such as retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and loss of vision.
169 genetic deficits, which are characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and ON degeneration.
170 n is believed to be the major contributor to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, the endpoint of optic
173 Interestingly, time course and extent of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration after optic ner
175 s study describes a novel paradigm to reduce retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration underlying glau
176 bition onto cone bipolar cell (BC) axons and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendrites, but makes the maj
177 Considerable between-individual variation in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density exists in healthy in
179 evation of intraocular pressure (IOP) causes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and death and is
180 ocular pressure (IOP) but are protected from retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and neuroglial c
181 s and fusion protein optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and visual loss
183 vely investigated flicker-induced changes of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function in common inbred mo
185 t the individual somas of neurons within the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer can be imaged with a m
186 total number of Nissl-stained neurons in the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer in the Caribbean and C
187 ate that female Nf1-OPG mice exhibit greater retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and only females have r
188 of CYP2J2 (tie2-CYP2J2-Tr) protects against retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss induced by glaucoma and
191 ll size has previously been used to stratify Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) populations in histological
192 In adult rodents, Rbfox2 is expressed in all retinal ganglion cell (RGC) subtypes, horizontal cells,
193 analyzed dendritic morphogenesis in a single retinal ganglion cell (RGC) type in mouse called J-RGC.
194 oding emerged in which the three most common retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types captured much of the v
195 Visual information is encoded in distinct retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types in the eye tuned to sp
200 ve an established role in the development of retinal ganglion cell (RGCs) types, the main transducers
201 ochemistry, single cell electrophysiology of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and by immunohistochemistr
203 tials increase the background firing rate of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and overlay the stimulated
205 ic SSBP1 mitochondria-associated function in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the resulting optic ne
212 ted IOP on the retina.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the obligate output ne
214 egins in the retina, where distinct types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are tuned to specific visu
217 the diagnostic ability of OCT parameters and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) count in identify glaucoma
219 we studied the selective resilience of mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) following optic nerve crus
222 tial changes in transected axons of purified retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from wild-type and Wld(S)
225 the close interaction between astrocytes and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the eye to characterize
226 ma is characterized by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the eye, which ultimate
230 e intense TBK1 labelling was detected in the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of Tg-TBK1 mice than in wi
232 we show unequivocally that a small subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) project to the opposite re
233 In higher vertebrates, the circuit formed by retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) projecting ipsilaterally (
236 en in other mammals, the majority of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) survive with relatively hi
238 on the rods and cones of the retina, but on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that detect the ambient li
240 isual circuit is comprised of projections of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to ipsilateral and contral
242 TRPV1 is expressed in a subset of mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with peak expression in th
243 or pulvinar (PIm) is innervated by widefield retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and this pathway is not a
244 E STATEMENT: The output cells of the retina, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), are a diverse group of ap
245 at give origin to its 1.2 million axons, the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), are particularly vulnerab
248 lar terminals then drive the output neurons, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), following light increment
249 st amacrine cells (SACs), propagating across retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), further through visual ce
250 ration of optic nerve axons and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), however, the precise mech
251 coma, a chronic neurodegenerative disease of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), is a leading cause of irr
252 ic neuropathies are associated with death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), neurons that project thei
253 s that modulate input from photoreceptors to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), rendering each RGC type s
256 nterneurons, and synaptically transmitted to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which send information to
257 relatively even topographic distribution of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)-the output neurons of the
272 ck proteins 72 (HSP72) induction behavior in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs-5) to provide a possible so
273 e revealed increased mitochondrial length in retinal ganglion cell soma and axon, but no degeneration
275 ent confocal imaging of genetically targeted retinal ganglion cell sub-populations in the mouse.
276 l line expressed certain markers specific to retinal ganglion cells such as Rbpms, Brn3b (Pou4f2), Br
277 hosphodiesterase is demonstrated to increase retinal ganglion cell survival in vivo in mice of both s
281 ells (TWIK-1, TASK-3, TRAAK, and TREK-2) and retinal ganglion cells (TASK-1, TREK-1, TWIK-1, TWIK-2 a
282 mice, which exhibit elevated IOP and loss of retinal ganglion cells, Tek(+/-);Ptprb(+/-) mice have el
284 mice, masking requires melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells that detect blue light and projec
285 initiated transsynaptic tracing to label the retinal ganglion cells that provide input to individual
286 nding disease due to the degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells, the axons of which form the opti
287 have been shown to restore the responses of retinal ganglion cells to light in mouse models of retin
288 hypothalamic pathway, connecting a subset of retinal ganglion cells to the circadian pacemaker in the
289 he excitatory synaptic inputs and outputs of retinal ganglion cells to understand how such dynamic pr
290 he human eye, followed by neural sampling by retinal ganglion cells, to demonstrate the perceptual ef
291 f innate behaviors, receiving input from >30 retinal ganglion cell types and projecting to behavioral
293 uman CSF and the response characteristics of retinal ganglion cells under a broad range of conditions
296 n, specific subtypes of horizontal cells and retinal ganglion cells were overrepresented, suggesting
297 aim to confer intrinsic light sensitivity to retinal ganglion cells when photoreceptors have degenera
299 four morphologically distinct types of mouse retinal ganglion cells with overlapping excitatory synap