ライフサイエンスコーパス: reverse reaction

1 s a V(max) decrease of 100/300-fold (forward/reverse reaction).

2 for methylating estrogen into androgen (the reverse reaction).

3 h H(2)O(2) ( K(eq) = 0.022 +/- 0.007 for the reverse reaction).

4 r GTP in the forward reaction and GDP in the reverse reaction.

5 ciency in the forward (APS-synthesis) versus reverse reaction.

6 king M1dG enhanced the rate constant for the reverse reaction.

7 tely 2.2 kcal/mol of destabilization for the reverse reaction.

8 ting acyl-enzyme hydrolysis and favoring the reverse reaction.

9 dissociation of CAND1 from CUL1 promotes the reverse reaction.

10 m with a k(cat) of 9.5 x 10(-3) s(-1) in the reverse reaction.

11 in Tritrichomonas foetus HGXPRTase-catalyzed reverse reaction.

12 l loop structure for poor PPi binding in the reverse reaction.

13 d reaction and was slightly increased in the reverse reaction.

14 tonizing activity being predominant over the reverse reaction.

15 -disulfide with CoMSSCoB is proposed for the reverse reaction.

16 methanol to formaldehyde, highly favors the reverse reaction.

17 uggestion of its possible involvement in the reverse reaction.

18 his enzyme does not efficiently catalyze the reverse reaction.

19 reaction, whereas it is base-specific in the reverse reaction.

20 atom of phosphoenolpyruvate, or EPSP, in the reverse reaction.

21 bon (C3) protonation, as an analog of AroA's reverse reaction.

22 ination of glyoxylate to glycine but not the reverse reaction.

23 We found no evidence for a reverse reaction.

24 irection, it may be necessary to prevent the reverse reaction.

25 ible, with a half-life of many hours for the reverse reaction.

26 -0.05 +/- 0.02 cm(3) mol(-1) MPa(-1) for the reverse reaction.

27 ial carboxylating reagent in the microscopic reverse reaction.

28 (N)2-type mechanism would be involved in the reverse reaction.

29 while SlBCAT1 and -2 were more active in the reverse reaction.

30 fy glutamate 192 as a key amino acid for the reverse reaction.

31 ntial mechanism for both the forward and the reverse reactions.

32 sions were obtained for both the forward and reverse reactions.

33 ntermediacy of isobutene in both forward and reverse reactions.

34 nding (230 microM) and chemistry forward and reverse reactions, 0.38 and 0.22 s(-1), respectively.

35 ed in purified preparations of NS4B with the reverse reaction 2ADP --> ATP + ADP, yielding a larger k

36 In the reverse reaction a more limited dependence of kcat (slop

37 The reverse reaction, a poly P-driven nucleoside diphosphate

38 Kinetic data for the reverse reaction (acetylation of CoA by O-acetylserine)

39 nADP (Equation 1); ATP synthesis from polyP (reverse reaction), ADP + polyP(n) --> ATP + polyP(n - 1)

40 cts of 0.75 on V and 0.74 on V/K(CoA) on the reverse reaction and effects of 1.2 on V and 1.7 on V/K(

41 been studied extensively, the rates for the reverse reactions and thus the energy changes at each st

42 marate and N-acetylcysteine, can perform the reverse reaction, and have minor activity against 2SC an

43 a mere 1.2-fold faster rate than that of the reverse reaction, and the N150H variant reverses the rat

44 (M)-independent rate constant describing the reverse reactions; and a Hill coefficient of approximate

45 flow of incorrect dNTP incorporation and the reverse reaction are also reported, which provide useful

46 le reduction of S4O6(2-) to S2O3(2-) and the reverse reaction are catalyzed by enzymes of the thiosul

47 alues of the nucleophiles in the forward and reverse reactions are >/=10.

48 0.5 and the k(cat) values of the forward and reverse reactions are 7 and 9 s(-1), respectively.

49 ity-sensitive reactions in series, while the reverse reactions are little affected by viscosity.

50 hways but knowledge of the roles of putative reverse reactions are poorly understood.

51 parameters for catalysis in the forward and reverse reactions are thermodynamically consistent, comp

52 ansient intermediate was observed during the reverse reaction as well, confirming that it is indeed a

53 d the product inosine (the substrate for the reverse reaction) as inosine 1,6-hydrate considered simi

54 ed in preventing accidental catalysis of the reverse reaction, as conditions that destabilize this co

55 rease in the rate constant (k(-)(2)) for the reverse reaction (ATP-DnaK+P --> ATP-DnaK-P).

56 We show that forward and reverse reactions attain steady states far from equilibr

57 We also found evidence for the reverse reaction, because tafazzin expression caused tra

58 ecombinant attL and attR sites, whereas the 'reverse' reaction (between attL and attR) requires an ad

59 The enzyme also catalyzed the reverse reaction, but the catalytic efficiency with PEP

60 e rate constant for the chemical step of the reverse reaction by a factor of 25.

61 ore than half, and increased the rate of the reverse reaction by about an order of magnitude.

62 arboxyl group, which is only required in the reverse reaction by the transferases.

63 site with 5-fluorescein ([5F]FFR-Pm) and the reverse reactions by competitive displacement of [5F]FFR

64 In contrast to the reverse reaction (C-H insertion), the data support an el

65 ers are calculated to be equally low for the reverse reactions [C-C oxidative addition to ( (H)PCP)Ir

66 However, the reverse reaction, C-C reductive coupling (PtII --> Pt0),

67 Since the reverse reaction cannot increase further, neither can th

68 beta-anomers of F6P can be substrates in the reverse reaction catalyzed by FBPase.

69 The reverse reaction, CH(3)OO(-) + HF is also efficient (k =

70 zing both formate oxidation to CO(2) and the reverse reaction (CO(2) reduction to formate) at neutral

71 or pyrophosphate (PPi) (323.9 microM) in the reverse reaction, comparable only with the high K(m) for

72 Kinetic studies of the reverse reaction confirmed that 10 was more stable towar

73 h and height, ITP zone velocity, forward and reverse reaction constants, and probe concentration on n

74 ngly, we also showed that PylB catalyzes the reverse reaction, converting (3R)-3-methyl-d-ornithine i

75 es with novel electronic properties, but the reverse reaction (deintercalation) typically restores th

76 conditions, complex I can also catalyze the reverse reaction, Deltap-linked oxidation of ubiquinol t

77 aturing conditions and that the rate of this reverse reaction depends critically upon the DNA-modifie

78 4-6-fold faster than an oleoyl group in the reverse reaction, despite poor utilization in the forwar

79 Rates for the forward and reverse reactions, determined by magnetization transfer

80 In the reverse reaction direction, finite primary deuterium kin

81 In the reverse reaction direction, nicotinamide adenine dinucle

82 n of oxidative decarboxylation, while in the reverse reaction direction, the enzyme likely binds unco

83 Progress curves in the forward and reverse reaction directions were obtained under a variet

84 )(indoline), is formed quickly, while in the reverse reaction (DIT cleavage), the accumulation of E(Q

85 EPR spectra of the reverse reaction, e(-)(CB):ZnO-L + ZnO-S, showed that el

86 namics induced by the coexisting forward and reverse reaction elements and have practical applicabili

87 This makes the reverse reaction (elimination) both faster and more ther

88 e thermodynamics inhibiting the trans-to-cis reverse reaction, endowing the selectivity toward trans

89 not been possible to use Int to promote the reverse reaction, excision.

90 The reverse reaction, excisive recombination, does not occur

91 interchange pathway (concerted), whereas the reverse reaction follows a different dissociation-based

92 timate the rate constants of the forward and reverse reactions for each of the three steps in the rea

93 formation of ADP and GDP) and 90 s-1 for the reverse reaction (formation of ATP and GMP).

94 specific 2-oxoacid substrates and not in the reverse reaction from NADH.

95 ophosphorylation reaction and not affect the reverse reaction from phosphorylated Spo0F.

96 were the same as the minimum values for the reverse reaction (G6P --> F6P) at 293.4 K and 298.4 K.

97 4K to 11.4+/-1.0s(-1) at 311.5K, and for the reverse reaction, G6P --> F6P, from 0.852+/-0.086 s(-1)

98 rF3GalTase catalyzes the reverse reaction, generation of flavonols from UDP and f

99 yl ester hydrolase (nCEH) that catalyzes the reverse reaction has remained elusive.

100 Harnessing the reverse reaction has the potential to allow the versatil

101 [((t)Bu)(2)Ga(mu-OPh)](2) into 5, and their reverse reactions, have been followed by (13)C CPMAS NMR

102 The rate constant for the reverse reaction, heme a to Cu(A), was calculated to be

103 We discovered that the reverse reaction, hydrolysis of peracetic acid to acetic

104 ent catalysts and the in situ plasma-induced reverse reaction (i.e., NH(3) decomposition).

105 by kinetic analysis of both the forward and reverse reactions (i.e. cyclic AMP and ATP synthesis, re

106 t for this value was found by performing the reverse reactions (i.e. the 2-oxepinoxy anion (15a) was

107 by (i) the microscopic occurrence of forward/reverse reactions (i.e., unidirectional kinetics) and (i

108 The reverse reaction, i.e. the reduction of NO to NO(-) by C

109 sponding alcohols (as well as catalyzing the reverse reaction, i.e., alcohol oxidation; ADH1) and the

110 Bronsted acid that would usually promote the reverse reaction, i.e., protodesilylation, was found to

111 This uncatalyzed SP reverse reaction in aqueous solution is even more surpri

112 e in glycolysis but also participates in the reverse reaction in gluconeogenesis and the Calvin-Benso

113 t both succinyl-CoA synthetases catalyze the reverse reaction in the citric acid cycle in which the A

114 cal/molecular mechanical calculations of the reverse reaction in the confines of the DNA polymerase b

115 cosamine deacetylase AMDHD2 that catalyzes a reverse reaction in the HBP and its loss strongly elevat

116 Mechanisms of catalysis are proposed for the reverse reaction in which Asp121 serves as a catalytic b

117 ree energy barriers for both the forward and reverse reactions, in good agreement with the experiment

118 and D23N have been measured for forward and reverse reactions; in comparison with wild-type PMK valu

119 This templating was specific, as the reversed reaction inhibited sRPT fibril formation.

120 initial velocity studies of the forward and reverse reactions, inhibition studies, and the use of al

121 tion as a result of primer shortening with a reverse reaction involving inorganic pyrophosphate, and

122 s 56.8 +/- 0.5 min(-)(1), while that for the reverse reaction is 39.1 +/- 0.6 min(-)(1).

123 (6) M(-1) s(-1)), while the constant for the reverse reaction is 4.2 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1).

124 Because the reverse reaction is also feasible, formic acid is a form

125 The reverse reaction is mediated by these three histidines w

126 id equilibrium random mechanism in which the reverse reaction is nonexistent and the forward commitme

127 exes upon treatment with benzene; however, a reverse reaction is not possible at room temperature.

128 ROS production in the reverse reaction is prevented by inhibition of complex I

129 The reverse reaction is triggered by an external pulling for

130 cys provides a tool for investigation of the reverse reaction (k(catR) = 0.56 s(-)(1), = 0.083 mM).

131 rd reaction; Ki = 13 microM) and GMP (in the reverse reaction; Ki = 10 microM), but showed no effect

132 at modeled both the insertion reaction and a reverse reaction known as disintegration.

133 The reverse reaction leading from the neutral species to the

134 terated 2, the conversion of 2 to 4, and its reverse reaction led us to propose a mechanism that expl

135 culty in establishing the ribozyme-catalyzed reverse reaction (ligation).

136 eo control in the carbon-carbon bond-forming reverse reaction, making it a useful biocatalyst for the

137 These reactions represent reverse reaction models for RNA transesterification unde

138 The reverse reaction NAADP to NAADPH is catalyzed by glucose

139 oxidoreductases catalyzing both forward and reverse reactions, NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of thiols,

140 and Gly but showed formation of Ser via the reverse reaction, namely by hydroxymethylation of Gly.

141 The reverse reactions, namely adduct dissociation and benzox

142 strand transfer products undergo neither the reverse reaction nor any further cleavage reactions.

143 These two reverse reactions, nucleotide addition and cleavage, are

144 O(2) activation, as well as the microscopic reverse reaction, O-O bond formation from coupling of tw

145 d stabilization by reduction; otherwise, the reverse reaction occurred during tryptic digestion and a

146 l change and increased the rate at which the reverse reaction occurred upon termination of illuminati

147 r) occurring at any moisture content and the reverse reaction occurring only if the seed moisture con

148 by irradiation with visible light, while the reverse reaction occurs rapidly in the dark or by irradi

149 .2 microM; kcatapp = 27.8 s-1), which is the reverse reaction of 3PG oxidation, were the major in vit

150 ostulate that this discrepancy is due to the reverse reaction of adenylate kinase utilizing AMP.

151 They also catalyze the reverse reaction of ceramide biosynthesis using sphingos

152 that the same enzyme is able to catalyze the reverse reaction of ceramide synthesis.

153 edicts that during turnover under D2/N2, the reverse reaction of D2 with the N2-bound product of redu

154 oaches, we investigate metal dissolution-the reverse reaction of deposition-in battery environments u

155 surface plasmon decay) induction drives the reverse reaction of DMAB to 4ATP, where H(2)O (or H(2))

156 merases can catalyze pyrophosphorolysis, the reverse reaction of DNA polymerization.

157 l conductivity, thus ultimately facilitating reverse reaction of Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) and alleviating ele

158 In this work, the reverse reaction of FHL is unlocked.

159 that measure the nonphysiologically relevant reverse reaction of glycosidic bond synthesis and thereb

160 me l-2-HG dehydrogenase and to stimulate the reverse reaction of isocitrate dehydrogenase (carboxylat

161 ese Mg2+ ions should also be involved in the reverse reaction of pyrophosphorolysis as well as in the

162 dictated by the chemical equilibrium by the reverse reaction of pyrophosphorolysis.

163 sine-1-phosphate (S1P) into sphingosine, the reverse reaction of sphingosine kinase.

164 by a 3' U-specific exonuclease and not by a reverse reaction of terminal U transferase.

165 enzyme in gluconeogenesis, by promoting the reverse reaction of the enzyme (converting phosphoenolpy

166 thermodynamic framework for the forward and reverse reaction of the L-21 ScaI ribozyme under identic

167 al switch may also favor release rather than reverse reaction of the product.

168 cing ketene and imine functional groups--the reverse reaction of the Staudinger cycloaddition.

169 Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are required for the reverse reaction of ubiquitination and act as major regu

170 The forward and reverse reactions of MeTr have a pH dependence that appe

171 analyses of the kinetics of the forward and reverse reactions of photooligomerization of Arabidopsis

172 the Michaelis complexes for the forward and reverse reactions of the enzyme, representing the first

173 activity (i.e. alcohol dehydrogenase in the reverse reaction) of CsCAD enzymes on p-coumaraldehyde.

174 e effects of 0.7 on V and 0.61 on V/K in the reverse reaction only.

175 ious sphingosine stereoisomers tested in the reverse reaction, only the natural, D-erythro form could

176 ently it has also been shown to catalyze the reverse reaction, oxidizing methionine residues to methi

177 ctional rates of traversal along forward and reverse reaction paths.

178 ng pairs of formally-but non-microscopically-reverse reaction pathways drive controlled motion at the

179 In pea (Pisum sativum), the reverse reaction, phenylpyruvate to Phe, is also demonst

180 tion profile fitting of both the forward and reverse reactions, plus onwards reaction to the Breslow

181 At higher concentrations, ICP8 promotes the reverse reaction, presumably owing to its helix destabil

182 s to be involved in both the forward and the reverse reactions, presumably by participating in the pe

183 The corresponding reverse reaction proceeds with DeltaH = 58.0 kJ/mol and

184 ic for the beta-anomer of maltose, while the reverse reaction (production of maltose) is not stereosp

185 TbSLS4 also catalyzed the reverse reaction, production of ceramide from sphingomye

186 nization destabilizes nucleosomes, while the reverse reaction promotes nucleosome assembly.

187 The inhibitor halts the chemistry of the reverse reaction, providing a stable complex that establ

188 catalytic proficiency of this enzyme for the reverse reaction, pyruvate synthase, is poorly understoo

189 In both forward and reverse reactions, R110M exhibits a large (>10,000-fold)

190 siological methods and is reversible, with a reverse reaction rate constant of 4.0 x 10(-3) s(-1).

191 corresponding yields as well as forward and reverse reaction rate constants through fluorescence que

192 d intercept of the plot yield the unstressed reverse reaction rate, k(r)(o), and a parameter that des

193 ) is determined by measuring the forward and reverse reaction rates for Pt(+) + CH(4) right harpoon o

194 elocity on shear rate, intrinsic forward and reverse reaction rates, bond stiffness, and reactive com

195 meter that describes the force dependence of reverse reaction rates, r(o).

196 tically stable, with very limited forward or reverse reaction rates.

197 The reverse reaction readily proceeds in the presence of exc

198 ore enzyme counterproductively catalyzes the reverse reaction, reducing the net rate at which the rea

199 The reverse reaction, reduction of [(3)H]NADP(+) by the redu

200 In addition, the reverse reaction (reductive carboxylation of pyruvate) i

201 The reverse reaction, reductive cleavage of the dioxygen O-O

202 n in one-carbon compound metabolism, and its reverse reaction represents the first step in carbon ass

203 The endothermic reverse reaction required as little as 18 min when K(2)(

204 The 'reverse' reaction requires another phage-encoded protein

205 values of 0.19 and 0.61 for the forward and reverse reactions, respectively.

206 -phosphate of dNTP or PPi in the forward and reverse reactions, respectively.

207 A steady state kinetic analysis of the reverse reaction revealed that the mechanism of PPAT inv

208 stopped-flow studies of both the forward and reverse reactions revealed that the distance between pro

209 f HCO 3- is the substrate; if it is not, the reverse reaction should occur.

210 the Arabidopsis LPCATs were measured in the reverse reaction, sn-2-bound oleoyl, linoleoyl, and lino

211 rises from a competition between forward and reverse reaction steps that exhibit unimolecular and bim

212 cts can be distinguished in both forward and reverse reaction steps.

213 is decreased by >10000-fold in both forward/reverse reactions, suggesting an active site location an

214 d V/K for substrates in both the forward and reverse reactions suggests the involvement of a single g

215 he presence of enrofloxacin, it executes the reverse reaction, supercoiling the DNA.

216 owth conditions, the enzyme can catalyze the reverse reaction, supporting anaplerosis of the tricarbo

217 Analysis of the forward and reverse reactions supports a binding mechanism in which

218 ial KIE, k(H)/k(D) = 11 for both forward and reverse reactions, supports the assignment of H-atom tra

219 e values with a 1.7-fold faster rate for the reverse reaction than that for the forward reaction.

220 ly, it is the differences in the rate of the reverse reaction that dictate the sequence selectivity o

221 negative Eoverall is interpreted in terms of reverse reactions that decompose intermediate clusters i

222 The enzyme optimally catalyzed the reverse reaction, that is, the carboxylation of catechol

223 Both enzymes also catalyzed the reverse reaction, the ATP-dependent formation of the CoA

224 Similarly, the microscopic reverse reaction, the decarboxylation of a metal formate

225 In the reverse reaction, the enzyme catalysis was less sensitiv

226 ts of biological polymers with water, or the reverse reaction, the formation of ester, amide, ketal,

227 o show that MDH is capable of catalyzing the reverse reaction, the reoxidation of reduced MDH by the

228 ion sites of target DNA and thus prevent the reverse reaction, the sharp kink with RAG is 1 bp away f

229 The reverse reaction, the transfer of the phosphoryl moiety

230 In the reverse reaction, these two arginines would form the CO2

231 e forward reaction to form oxaloacetate, the reverse reaction to form MgATP, the oxamate-induced deca

232 It can also catalyze the reverse reaction to hydrolyze ATP during nonrespiratory

233 ase in sulfur chemolithotrophs catalyzes the reverse reaction to produce ATP and sulfate from APS and

234 FAD synthetases, RibL does not catalyze the reverse reaction to produce FMN and ATP from FAD and PP(

235 It also catalyzes a reverse reaction to remove the sugar moiety from glycosi

236 ons is hampered by the fact that forward and reverse reactions to/from different aggregation states o

237 Reverse reaction (transfer of hydroxycinnamoyl moieties

238 fructose-1-kinase (FruK) can carry out its "reverse" reaction under physiological substrate concentr

239 ermore, the enzyme was shown to catalyze the reverse reaction using phospho-poly(E4Y) as substrate.

240 correct nucleotide incorporation forward and reverse reactions using stopped-flow and rapid-quench me

241 r split-intein regulation of the forward and reverse reactions using the integrase and the integrase-

242 The pH optimum of the reverse reaction was approximately 5.5, as compared with

243 The reverse reaction was extremely slow with a catalytic rat

244 nt (0.2) for the reaction indicated that the reverse reaction was favored in vitro.

245 The reverse reaction was not observed.

246 The reverse reaction, water oxidation by IV(H(2)O), is found

247 tate kinetic parameters for both forward and reverse reactions were determined by initial velocity me

248 values for the substrates of the forward and reverse reactions were largely unchanged for all HGPRT c

249 The rates of the reverse reactions were measured by generating benzhydryl

250 hrough transposase-catalyzed reaction steps, reverse reactions were undetectable.

251 c cleavage of 3-ketoacyl-CoA, as well as its reverse reaction, which is the thioester-dependent Clais

252 at it is in fact effective in catalyzing the reverse reaction with a kcat of 11 +/- 0.4 s(-1) We also

253 An ordered substrate binding in the reverse reaction with AMP bound first followed by PP(i)

254 to promote each step of both the forward and reverse reaction with remarkably little motion and with

255 the addition of thiosulfate or following the reverse reaction with tetrathionate; the S-thiosulfonate

256 biochemical coupling of the LPCAT1-catalyzed reverse reaction with the DGAT1-1-catalyzed reaction for

257 of the DesVII/DesVIII system to catalyze the reverse reaction with the formation of TDP-desosamine wa

258 of OH- to C-3 of phosphoenolpyruvate in the reverse reaction with the normal product.

259 yme appears to catalyze both the forward and reverse reactions with specificity for both 2S-alpha-phe

260 ith electrons supplied by succinate, and the reverse reaction, with electrons supplied from the reduc

261 P-Glc, also stimulated Cps2E to catalyze the reverse reaction, with synthesis of UDP-Glc from the pol

262 nated action of fumarate over the direct and reverse reactions would allow a precise and specific mod