ライフサイエンスコーパス: ribonucleotide

1 l beyond the typical dimension of the single ribonucleotide.

2 tty acids, or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide.

3 didehydro-CTP (ddhCTP), a previously unknown ribonucleotide.

4 c acid and PRPP to form carboxyaminopyrazole ribonucleotide.

5 rectly generated by Top1 at sites of genomic ribonucleotides.

6 e 3-OH nick terminus consists of two or more ribonucleotides.

7 evolved the ability to discriminate against ribonucleotides.

8 of repair mechanisms to remove incorporated ribonucleotides.

9 vage model for Top1-dependent mutagenesis at ribonucleotides.

10 ated by alkaline cleavage of DNA at embedded ribonucleotides.

11 repair of complex 8OG-containing DSBs using ribonucleotides.

12 -aminonucleotides, a more reactive proxy for ribonucleotides.

13 rse transcriptase in the presence of damaged ribonucleotide 1,N (6)-erA but has poor RNA primer exten

14 We conclude that the damaged and unrepaired ribonucleotide 1,N (6)-erA in DNA exhibits mutagenic pot

15 We found that TERT inserts a mismatch or ribonucleotide ~1 in 10,000 and ~1 in 14,000 insertion e

16 archaeal RNaseH2 rapidly cleaves at embedded ribonucleotides (200-450 s(-1)), but exhibits an approxi

17 e initiated by Top1 incision at the relevant ribonucleotide 3'-phosphodiester.

18 e N6-methyladenosine-5'-triphosphate (m6ATP) ribonucleotide, a short synthetic RNA oligomer bearing a

19 ncing that allows mapping of the location of ribonucleotides across the genome.

20 avage of the substrate strand at an internal ribonucleotide adenosine (rA) site, resulting in release

21 Our results revealed that ribonucleotides affect DNA structure and conformation on

22 of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) or metformin during sepsis improv

23 We used 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) to activate AMPK transiently befo

24 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), an AMPK activator, elicits a sim

25 depletion or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), leading to attenuated phosphoryl

26 of AMPK using 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), metformin, and a specific AMPKal

27 AMPK agonist, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), suppressed both.

28 MPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR).

29 atalyzes the carboxylation of aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (AIR) and the subsequent conversion of ca

30 recursor ZMP (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, also known as AICAR) brings about any me

31 l-mediated elimination of H2O to deoxygenate ribonucleotides, an example of 'spin-centre shift', duri

32 an assortment of 2'-deoxy and 2',3'-dideoxy ribonucleotide analogs containing functional chemistries

33 Given that ribonucleotide and mismatch incorporation rates by these

34 of other common DNA replication errors (i.e. ribonucleotide and mismatch insertions).

35 Ribonucleotides and 2'-deoxyribonucleotides are the basi

36 -DNA2, which likely have to navigate through ribonucleotides and damaged bases.

37 racy and the ability to discriminate between ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides.

38 the hypothesis that the mutant incorporates ribonucleotides and/or accumulates single-stranded DNA g

39 y of DNA polymerases to discriminate against ribonucleotides, and by the capacity of repair mechanism

40 s is much less efficient than with activated ribonucleotides, and furthermore that once an arabinonuc

41 ing and completing repair of misincorporated ribonucleotides, archaea such as Thermococcus rely only

42 Guanine ribonucleotides are analogously oxidized to r8-oxo-GTP,

43 Because ribonucleotides are commonly misinserted into DNA, and 8

44 Here, we show that ribonucleotides are incorporated by the hyperthermophili

45 dual incision/excision assays, we find that ribonucleotides are not efficiently targeted by the huma

46 ile of DnaE, we propose that misincorporated ribonucleotides are removed by NER followed by error-pro

47 Ribonucleotides are the most abundant non-canonical comp

48 Ribonucleotides are the natural analogs of deoxyribonucl

49 tentially quantitative detection of embedded ribonucleotides at single-nucleotide resolution.

50 Here, we show that a short stretch of ribonucleotides at the 5' terminus stimulates resection

51 ribonucleic acid backbone phosphates in the ribonucleotide-binding groove.

52 nd post-catalytic complexes of Pol mu with a ribonucleotide bound at the active site.

53 emonstrated the synthesis of pyrimidine beta-ribonucleotides, but at the cost of ignoring ribose amin

54 ds to be able to sequence not only canonical ribonucleotides, but at the same time directly sequence

55 bsequent conversion of carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide (CAIR) and l-aspartate to N-succinylcarbo

56 odifications are growing rapidly as modified ribonucleotides can impact the sequence, structure, func

57 Top1 cleavage at genomic ribonucleotides can produce ribonucleoside-2',3'-cyclic

58 the LarB C terminus resembles aminoimidazole ribonucleotide carboxylase/mutase, LarC binds Ni and cou

59 The pattern of embedded ribonucleotides changes in a mouse model of Mpv17 defici

60 on of the C-glycoside carboxyhydroxypyrazole ribonucleotide (CHPR) from 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-3,5-dic

61 At biological ribonucleotide concentrations, these rates translate to

62 e RNA World Hypothesis begins with activated ribonucleotides condensing (nonenzymatically) to make RN

63 the 2'OH in RNA has a profound effect in the ribonucleotide conformational balance, adding an extra l

64 ine dimer formation was markedly enhanced in ribonucleotide-containing DNA, providing a mechanism for

65 PolB formed a ribonucleotide-containing flap by strand displacement sy

66 e and initiate their removal by incising the ribonucleotide-containing strand of an RNA:DNA hybrid.

67 equential Top1 cleavage as the mechanism for ribonucleotide-dependent deletions and provide new insig

68 All DNA polymerases misincorporate ribonucleotides despite their preference for deoxyribonu

69 r, a PolD H931A steric gate mutant abolishes ribonucleotide discrimination and readily incorporates a

70 Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed widespread ribonucleotide distribution, with a strong preference fo

71 NRF1 alone by 5-aminoimidazone-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide does not rescue the phenotype, which, in

72 Incorporation of ribonucleotides during DNA replication has severe conseq

73 od to map where these replicases incorporate ribonucleotides during replication, here we present evid

74 pair pathway(s) that repairs DNA damage with ribonucleotides during stationary phase.

75 to recognize and process abasic and oxidized ribonucleotides embedded in DNA.

76 and nucleotides, to address the question of ribonucleotide entry into the active site of viral RdRp.

77 RNase H2-initiated ribonucleotide excision repair (RER) efficiently removes

78 Ribonucleotide excision repair (RER) removes ribonucleos

79 orporated ribonucleotides must be removed by ribonucleotide excision repair (RER).

80 are commonly repaired by RNase H2-dependent ribonucleotide excision repair (RER).

81 als conservation of the overall mechanism of ribonucleotide excision repair across domains of life.

82 STINGand is associated with reduced cellular ribonucleotide excision repair activity and increasedDNA

83 ea perhaps suggests a more ancestral form of ribonucleotide excision repair compared with the eukaryo

84 ensis both in vitro and in vivo and a robust ribonucleotide excision repair pathway is critical to ke

85 We tested if inhibiting the ribonucleotide excision repair pathway would exacerbate

86 Contrary to our expectation, impairment of ribonucleotide excision repair, as well as virtually all

87 e pattern was only altered in the absence of ribonucleotide excision repair.

88 ates in short-patch base excision repair and ribonucleotide excision repair.

89 ted ribonucleotides from genomic DNA through ribonucleotide excision repair.

90 tivation of DNA-repair activities, including ribonucleotide excision, further increased nascent leadi

91 ry activity for aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (AICARFT), an enzyme in

92 All four analogues inhibited glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFTase).

93 C1 and C2 inhibited glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase in de novo purine nucle

94 GARFTase and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase.

95 cells lacking 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATI

96 insulin- and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase-medi

97 MTX inhibits 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/inosine monophosphate c

98 tical role in targeting the removal of these ribonucleotides from DNA, and defects in RNase H2 activi

99 nucleotide excision repair in the removal of ribonucleotides from DNA.

100 eic acid repair enzyme that removes unwanted ribonucleotides from DNA.

101 RNA:DNA hybrids and removes mis-incorporated ribonucleotides from genomic DNA through ribonucleotide

102 ls have hence developed mechanisms to remove ribonucleotides from the genome and restore its integrit

103 Here we describe a method for ribonucleotide identification by high-throughput sequenc

104 homology domain in Mcm10/Cdc23 abrogate the ribonucleotide imprint formation.

105 to an oxidized base or to incise an oxidized ribonucleotide in a DNA duplex.

106 ed polymerases embeds a pyrophosphate-linked ribonucleotide in DNA.

107 rlying the link between defective removal of ribonucleotides in AGS and SLE, and these findings will

108 The frequency of ribonucleotides in DNA is determined by deoxyribonucleos

109 ciently cleave within tracts of four or more ribonucleotides in duplex DNA.

110 se H2 function and result in accumulation of ribonucleotides in genomic DNA.

111 eak down ketoacids, sugars, amino acids, and ribonucleotides in much the same way as the pathways tha

112 RNase H enzymes sense the presence of ribonucleotides in the genome and initiate their removal

113 mitochondria lack mechanisms for removal of ribonucleotides incorporated by the mtDNA polymerase.

114 a source of DSBs and genome instability when ribonucleotides incorporated by the replicative polymera

115 Genomic ribonucleotides incorporated during DNA replication are

116 ntext of replication and reflect incision at ribonucleotides incorporated during leading-strand synth

117 al dNTPs and the amount of the corresponding ribonucleotides incorporated in mitochondrial DNA, while

118 enomic nicks resulting from gap-filling by a ribonucleotide-incorporating repair polymerase.

119 es N PolD) in the PolD s-motif both prevents ribonucleotide incorporation and promotes efficient dNTP

120 Ribonucleotide incorporation by eukaryotic DNA polymeras

121 owerful tool for the systematic profiling of ribonucleotide incorporation in genomic DNA.

122 ne and guanosine, and identified hotspots of ribonucleotide incorporation in nuclear and mitochondria

123 present a systematic study of the effects of ribonucleotide incorporation into DNA molecules.

124 rise from aberrant topoisomerase activity or ribonucleotide incorporation into DNA.

125 These findings suggest aberrant ribonucleotide incorporation is a primary mtDNA abnormal

126 Ribonucleotide incorporation is the most common error oc

127 ow, the mechanism evolved by PolD to prevent ribonucleotide incorporation was unknown.

128 ould therefore investigate the changes, upon ribonucleotide incorporation, of the structural and conf

129 tive DNA polymerases that are permissive for ribonucleotide incorporation, thus generating a signatur

130 an active site steric gate residue prevents ribonucleotide incorporation.

131 comes important to understand the effects of ribonucleotides incorporation, starting from their impac

132 e AMP mimetic 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide increases the inhibitory phosphorylation

133 In particular, the presence of ribonucleotides induces a systematic shortening of the m

134 s in tandem repeats; in the specific case of ribonucleotide-initiated events, mutations reflect seque

135 concentrations, these rates translate to ~40 ribonucleotides inserted per 10 kilobases.

136 d a conserved tyrosine steric gate regulates ribonucleotide insertion into telomeres.

137 print is not clear: it is either a nick or a ribonucleotide insertion.

138 However, how ribonucleotides instigate DNA damage is poorly understoo

139 DNA polymerase (pol) mu primarily inserts ribonucleotides into a single-nucleotide gapped DNA inte

140 act as a template for the polymerization of ribonucleotides into canonical 3'-5' phosphodiester-link

141 Incorporation of ribonucleotides into DNA can severely diminish genome in

142 Incorporation of ribonucleotides into DNA during genome replication is a

143 Indeed, the persistence of ribonucleotides into DNA leads to severe consequences, s

144 dimer and was recently found to incorporate ribonucleotides into DNA.

145 polymerases have been reported to misinsert ribonucleotides into genomes.

146 re motivated to investigate how the oxidized ribonucleotide is utilized by DNA polymerases.

147 The C2'-carbon-hydrogen bond in ribonucleotides is significantly weaker than other carbo

148 lso suggests that TOP1 processing of genomic ribonucleotides is the main source of 3'-blocking lesion

149 The abiotic synthesis of ribonucleotides is thought to have been an essential ste

150 hereas RnhA does not incise an embedded mono-ribonucleotide, it can efficiently cleave within tracts

151 rmed from mixtures of cyanuric acid (Cy) and ribonucleotides (l-, d-pTARC) that arise spontaneously f

152 Non-enzymatic oligomerization of activated ribonucleotides leads to ribonucleic acids that contain

153 alance between guanylate deoxynucleotide and ribonucleotide levels that is pivotal for the parasite.

154 factor recruitment, ribosomal RNA synthesis, ribonucleotide levels, and affects ribosomal DNA stabili

155 Ribonucleotide maps from both the budding and fission ye

156 urine nucleotides suggests that 8-oxo-purine ribonucleotides may have played a key role in primordial

157 ind that 5-FU and FUDR act through bacterial ribonucleotide metabolism to elicit their cytotoxic effe

158 sion involving bacterial vitamin B6, B9, and ribonucleotide metabolism.

159 Additionally, RNase H2 can remove single ribonucleotides misincorporated into DNA during replicat

160 ted nonenzymatic polymerization of activated ribonucleotide monomers is generally slow because of the

161 te-directed copying reactions with activated ribonucleotide monomers.

162 Ribonucleotide monophosphates (rNMPs) are among the most

163 discriminate against rNTPs and incorporated ribonucleotides must be removed by ribonucleotide excisi

164 These results, while confirming the ribonucleotide nature of the imprint suggest the possibi

165 unt separately for the pyrimidine and purine ribonucleotides; no divergent synthesis from common prec

166 orated dNs occurring at 1 per 10(3) to 10(5) ribonucleotide (nt) in mRNA, rRNAs and tRNA in human cel

167 o-oligomer DNA sequences containing 10 deoxy-ribonucleotides of thymine, adenine, cytosine, or guanin

168 ication, DNA polymerases tolerate patches of ribonucleotides on the parental strands to different ext

169 amage-stalled replication by inserting deoxy-ribonucleotides opposite DNA damage sites resulting in e

170 Accurate, traceable quantification of ribonucleotide or deoxyribonucleotide oligomers is achie

171 rolyze RNA to release 2'-deoxyribonucleotide-ribonucleotide pairs (dNrN) that are then quantified by

172 mitochondrial DNA, while in nuclear DNA the ribonucleotide pattern was only altered in the absence o

173 DNA polymerases incorporate as many as 1,000 ribonucleotides per genome, RNaseH2 must be efficient at

174 t that Tau depletion affects rRNA synthesis, ribonucleotide pool balance, and rDNA stability.

175 are small, specialized molecules formed from ribonucleotide precursors that function to amplify signa

176 l) formimino)-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleotide (PRFAR) in the histidine biosynthesis pat

177 yl)formimino]-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (PRFAR).

178 e incorporation of incorrect nucleotides and ribonucleotides primarily through reduced nucleotide bin

179 n1), and DNA ligase are required to complete ribonucleotide processing.

180 yl)formimino]-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (ProFAR) to N'-((5'-phosphoribulosyl) for

181 d retained self-immune complexes composed of ribonucleotide proteins, autoantibody, and complement.

182 We report here the impact of the ribonucleotide rATP and of its naturally occurring damag

183 report that the pol mu insertion products of ribonucleotides (rATP or rCTP), instead of deoxyribonucl

184 Human ribonucleotide reductase (hRR) is crucial for DNA replic

185 valence concentrations at which DFP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) activities and/or reduces

186 y of their respective rate-limiting enzymes, ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and deoxycytidine kinase

187 The expression of genes encoding the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and proteins that facilit

188 ates accumulate during activation of class I ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) beta subunits, which self

189 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the conversion

190 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the de novo syn

191 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the first commi

192 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the rate-limiti

193 mutations that increase the activity of the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) complex.

194 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) converts ribonucleotides

195 Escherichia coli class Ia ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) converts ribonucleotides

196 estigated for 2 and 5, including the role of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) inhibition, endoplasmic r

197 t does not suppress their sensitivity to the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) inhibitor hydroxyurea (HU

198 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a central enzyme for t

199 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is an essential iron-depe

200 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the only enzyme capabl

201 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the rate-limiting enzy

202 The di-iron enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) uses a diferric-tyrosyl r

203 cifically incorporated into E. coli class Ia ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) using the recently evolve

204 ive copies of nrdB, encoding beta-subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), a critical enzyme involv

205 This reduction is catalyzed by ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), a heterodimeric tetramer

206 se heart and skeletal muscle by inactivating ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), a key enzyme for the de

207 In class 1a ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), a substrate-based radica

208 of dNTP biosynthesis in mammals, the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), impacts cancer susceptib

209 nsfer (ET) reactions of photosystem (PS) II, ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), photolyase, and many oth

210 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which is a heterodimeric

211 A new example is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) ribonucleotide reductase (RNR)-mediated inhibition of ce

212 dNTP) pools, which are strictly regulated by ribonucleotide reductase (RNR).

213 stems primarily from the inhibition of human ribonucleotide reductase (RNR).

214 Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) catalyzes the rate-limitin

215 We recently found that the ribonucleotide reductase (RR) subunit M2 is potentially

216 nscription factor A (TFAM) and p53-inducible ribonucleotide reductase 2 (p53R2), which are involved i

217 It inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and reversibly arrests cells in

218 n Deltalon results from higher expression of ribonucleotide reductase driven by increased CcrM.

219 and that negative feedback between dATP and ribonucleotide reductase ensures tight control of dNTP c

220 work by Wang et al. (2014), reveal that HSV ribonucleotide reductase has opposing activities in eith

221 hda strain and hda(+) strains exposed to the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor hydroxyurea.

222 Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors such as gemcitabine

223 Escherichia coli class Ia ribonucleotide reductase is composed of two subunits (al

224 unoprecipitation experiments showed that the ribonucleotide reductase large subunit of EBV, BORF2(6,7

225 The class Ia ribonucleotide reductase of Escherichia coli requires st

226 ystem II, the phytochrome photoreceptor, and ribonucleotide reductase R2 illustrate the power and ver

227 These are the class Ic ribonucleotide reductase R2 proteins and a group of oxid

228 th pharmacological and genetic inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2), a

229 ecular docking analysis identified the RRM2 (ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2) of RNR a

230 Ribonucleotide reductase small subunit B (RRM2B) is a st

231 protein VP22 (encoded by the UL49 gene), and ribonucleotide reductase subunit 2 protein (RR2; encoded

232 We show that RRM2, a ribonucleotide reductase subunit, is the target of this

233 rotein known to produce DNA building blocks (ribonucleotide reductase) causes A3B to relocalize from

234 active site similar to that in hemerythrin, ribonucleotide reductase, and methane monooxygenase, all

235 emcitabine incubation irreversibly inhibited ribonucleotide reductase, depleting dNTPs, resulting in

236 The rate-limiting enzyme of dNTP synthesis, ribonucleotide reductase, is inhibited by endogenous lev

237 siae by depleting Rnr1, the major subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, which converts ribonucleotides

238 G levels and expression of the p53-inducible ribonucleotide reductase.

239 akin to the tyrosine dyad (Y730 and Y731) of ribonucleotide reductase.

240 tor is present in the R2 subunit of class Ic ribonucleotide reductases (R2c) and in R2-like ligand-bi

241 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNR) catalyze the reduction o

242 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are a diverse family of

243 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are essential enzymes r

244 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze the conversion

245 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze the de novo co

246 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze the reduction

247 A fascinating discovery in the chemistry of ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) has been the identifica

248 Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) use a conserved radical

249 and deoxynucleotide production catalyzed by ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs).

250 Eukaryotic class I ribonucleotide reductases (RRs) generate deoxyribonucleo

251 These different viral ribonucleotide reductases also caused relocalization of

252 R2) subunit of the class 1a Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductases by reaction with O2 followed b

253 Our analysis uncovers major differences in ribonucleotide repair between the two genomes and provid

254 The lack of redundancies in ribonucleotide repair in archaea perhaps suggests a more

255 Ribonucleotides represent a major threat to genome integ

256 Ribonucleotides represent a threat to DNA genome stabili

257 logically relevant beta-anomer form of these ribonucleotides, revealing abiotic mechanisms by which n

258 Ribonucleotides (rNMPs) incorporated in the nuclear geno

259 es that remove both R-loops and incorporated ribonucleotides (rNs) from DNA, grow slowly, suggesting

260 ble to extend RNA primers in the presence of ribonucleotides (rNTPs), and that these reactions are an

261 te to N-succinylcarboxamide-5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (SAICAR).

262 te strand from the Top1-induced DNA nicks at ribonucleotide sites.

263 DNA nicks bearing 2',3'-cyclic phosphates at ribonucleotide sites.

264 f RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase in which a ribonucleotide specified by a single base in the DNA tem

265 ng of eitherRNA:DNAhybrid or genome-embedded ribonucleotide substrates is thought to lead to activati

266 enzyme is responsible for reducing all four ribonucleotide substrates, with specificity regulated by

267 y difference is the extra 2'-OH group on the ribonucleotide sugar.

268 How the covalent modification of mRNA ribonucleotides, termed epitranscriptomic modifications,

269 of solid tissues contains many more embedded ribonucleotides than that of cultured cells, consistent

270 Ribonucleotides that are mis-incorporated into DNA durin

271 Aside from abasic sites and ribonucleotides, the DNA adduct N (7)-methyl deoxyguanos

272 red cells, consistent with the high ratio of ribonucleotide to deoxynucleotide triphosphates in tissu

273 ution of DNA:RNA hybrids and misincorporated ribonucleotides to chromosome instability also was uncer

274 s Ia ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) converts ribonucleotides to deoxynucleotides.

275 s (RNRs) catalyze the conversion of all four ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides and are essentia

276 reductase (RNR) catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides to provide the m

277 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, a reaction that

278 of ribonucleotide reductase, which converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides.

279 ased mechanism to catalyze the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides.

280 tidyl transferases (rNTases) add untemplated ribonucleotides to diverse RNAs.

281 cient at recognizing and nicking at embedded ribonucleotides to ensure genome integrity.

282 non-templated uridine (U) and guanosine (G) ribonucleotides to the 3' termini of these RNAs (designa

283 reductases (RNRs) catalyze the reduction of ribonucleotides to the corresponding deoxyribonucleotide

284 le most DNA polymerases discriminate against ribonucleotide triphosphate (rNTP) incorporation very ef

285 nt form of DNA aberration, as high ratios of ribonucleotide triphosphate:deoxyribonucleotide triphosp

286 Ribonucleotide triphosphates (rNTPs) are incorporated in

287 The cellular pool of ribonucleotide triphosphates (rNTPs) is higher than that

288 in eukaryotic EndoV confer recognition of 3 ribonucleotides upstream and 7 or 8 bp of dsRNA downstre

289 it is likely that the prebiotic synthesis of ribonucleotides was accompanied by the simultaneous synt

290 mitochondrial genomes incorporate and remove ribonucleotides, we challenged these processes by changi

291 ys preserves the capacity to remove a single ribonucleotide when paired to an oxidized base or to inc

292 Two types of Ribonuclease H (RNase H) excise ribonucleotides when they form part of the DNA strand, o

293 hairpin oligonucleotide with five continuous ribonucleotides which can be cleaved by the ribonuclease

294 Most, however, reflect enzyme incision at ribonucleotides, which are the most abundant noncanonica

295 molecules (hundreds of basepairs) containing ribonucleotides, which is based on a modified protocol f

296 We propose that noncanonical ribonucleotides, which would have been inevitable under

297 e-free hydrolysis for 17 phosphoramidates of ribonucleotides with amino acids or related compounds at

298 eoxyribonucleotides to RNA, but can also add ribonucleotides with relatively high efficiency in parti

299 Ribonucleotides within a 5' flap are resistant to cleava

300 elevation of 5-aminoimidazole 4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (ZMP) and growth inhibition in NCI-H460 a