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1 inobenzoic acid (pABA) and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to produce 4-(beta-D-ribo
3 hanism in which a histidine deprotonates the ribosyl 2'-hydroxyl pinned in place by a serine, leading
4 e complex of the cyclase with an NAD analog, ribosyl-2'F-2'deoxynicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (ri
6 -(3)H] KIE of 1.4% indicate that significant ribosyl 5'-reconfiguration and purine rotation occur on
8 enzyme responsible for cADPR synthesis, ADP-ribosyl (ADPR) cyclase, is rapidly induced by ABA in bot
9 veal how these enzymes differentiate between ribosyl and deoxyribosyl nucleotides or nucleosides and
10 nate motion for NAMPT to be migration of the ribosyl anomeric carbon from the pyrophosphate leaving g
11 ribosyltransferases similar to CT and an ADP-ribosyl(arginine)protein hydrolase (ADPRH), which cleave
14 t Drosophila insulator proteins are poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated and that mutation of the poly(ADP-ribose) p
15 efined its substrate specificity as mono(ADP-ribosyl)ated aspartate and glutamate but not lysine resi
16 urther, we demonstrated that LXR is poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated by PARP-1, a potential mechanism by which P
21 38- to 87-kDa and the 17- to 38-kDa poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated protein expression increased by 74% and 275
22 ng elevated intracellular levels of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated proteins (PAR(high)) responded to pharmacol
25 Single or double deletion of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated regions and PARP inhibition increased the h
29 presence of DNA and NAD(+), PARP-1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates itself and Ku70/80 but not WRN, and gel-shi
32 report that HMGN1 affects the self-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (i.e., PARylation) of poly(ADP-ribose) pol
33 ankyrase 1 usually results in their poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARsylation) and can lead to ubiquitylati
36 mic analyses uncover a new role for poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) in regulating the chromatin-a
37 PARP1 binds to and modifies PAP by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) in vitro, which inhibits PAP
42 polymerase 1 (PARP1) catalyzes the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) of proteins, a posttranslatio
44 ociated with an increase in protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), and was blocked by pharmacol
45 ranslational modifications, such as poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), regulate chromatin-modifying
49 domain of WRN strongly inhibits the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation activity in H2O2-treated control cell line
51 hat couples DNA damage detection to poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation activity through a poorly understood mecha
52 function being involved both in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and being a constituent of the NAD(+) salv
53 ectly binds activated PARP2 through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and can protect single-strand L1 integrati
54 odifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and functions as a key enzyme in the base
55 ctivity controls reversible protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and potentially of how the defects in this
57 der hypoxic conditions, we detected poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and reduced activity of GAPDH; inhibition
58 Moreover, RECQ1 regulates PARP1 auto-(ADP-ribosyl)ation and the choice between long-patch and sing
61 ty is required for PARP-1-dependent poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation at the promoters of commonly regulated tar
62 Suppression of DNA damage-induced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by PARP inhibitors impairs early DNA damag
63 In vitro, TIN2 protected TRF1 from poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by tankyrase 1 without affecting tankyrase
64 hows that XPC-RAD23B is a target of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation catalyzed by PARP1, which can be regarded
65 ore, our results suggest that Hrp38 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation controls eye pattern formation via regulat
71 unohistochemistry revealed enhanced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in all experimental groups manifesting neu
72 view, we discuss recent findings on poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in DNA damage response as well as the mole
73 viously, we hypothesized a role for poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in plant defense responses when we detecte
75 and provided evidence for a role of poly(ADP ribosyl)ation in Stat-mediated transcriptional responses
76 c tissues, much less is known about poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in the germline, where DNA double-strand b
86 Our results suggest that PARP-1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a terminal event in the apoptotic respo
94 results suggest that p65 NF-kappaB poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation may be a critical determinant for the inte
95 s, our results suggest that protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation may be a general mechanism to target prote
99 vivo data support a model in which poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of DDB2 suppresses DDB2 ubiquitylation and
100 d pathogen-dependent changes in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of discrete proteins were also observed.
102 onclusion, these data indicate that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH and the subsequent inhibition of
103 on was found to be a consequence of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (P
107 ors of PARP-1 auto-modification and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of histone H1 in the absence of free DNA e
109 , and gel-shift assays showed that poly-(ADP-ribosyl)ation of Ku70/80 decreases the DNA-binding affin
111 Numerous bacterial toxins catalyze mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of mammalian proteins to influence cell ph
112 (PARP-1) can be hyperactivated, causing (ADP-ribosyl)ation of nuclear proteins (including itself), re
113 1 itself becomes activated, but the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of other cellular proteins is severely imp
114 B sites and showed that TNF induced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of RelA when bound to the Phex promoter.
115 nds to DNA breaks and catalyzes the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of several substrates involved in DNA dama
116 that Parg null mutation does cause poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of Squid and hrp38 protein, as well as the
117 ollowing that, we demonstrated that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of Squid and hrp38 proteins inhibits splic
118 ing to nicked DNA, PARP-1 catalyzes poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of the acceptor proteins and itself using
119 ing to nicked DNA, PARP-1 catalyzes poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of the acceptor proteins using NAD (+) as
120 proximal tubules after IRI leads to poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of the key glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyd
121 Phosphorylation, acetylation, or poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of the linker residues may therefore act a
123 RP-1 action) or by the formation of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of topoisomerase I (PARP-1/NAD action).
126 g factor 2 (TRF2) and is capable of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of TRF2, which affects binding of TRF2 to
127 e demonstrate that DDB2 facilitated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of UV-damaged chromatin through the activi
130 RP-interacting protein that removes mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation on glutamate amino acid residues in PARP-m
131 that WS cells are deficient in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation pathway after they are treated with the DN
133 ed on the signaling role of PARP in poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation rather than any role that can be ascribed
134 ational modification of proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation regulates many cellular pathways that are
135 gether, these findings suggest that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation regulates the interaction between hnRNPs a
136 sses Nanos translation, whereas its poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation relieves the repression effect, allowing r
138 the suppression of topoisomerase I poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation through the competition with NAD for the b
139 crease in activity of GAPDH and its poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation were prevented by overexpression of either
142 ction, which caused increased Hrp38 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, also resulted in the rough-eye phenotype
143 gh aberrant crosstalk between CTCF, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, and DNA methylation may be a general mech
145 ilization is largely independent of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, it cannot solely explain the chromatin re
146 onally, DDB2 itself was targeted by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, resulting in increased protein stability
148 idly modified by tankyrase-mediated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, which promotes the proteolysis of Axin an
149 eta-catenin signaling by preventing poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation-dependent AXIN degradation, thereby promot
150 efense-associated expression of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation-related genes PARG2 and NUDT7 and observed
163 magnesium salt present did they generate the ribosyl cation by binding to the leaving group and then
166 pports a mechanism where, after nicotinamide-ribosyl cleavage, the carbonyl oxygen of acetylated subs
167 on involves the cleavage of the nicotinamide-ribosyl, cleavage of an amide bond, and transfer of the
168 artial 3'-OH polarization and H3'-endo-->exo ribosyl configuration at the spMTAN transition state.
169 eotides at sGC alpha1beta1 require a 3'-endo ribosyl conformation (versus 3'-exo in 3'-MANT-2'-dATP).
170 Mammalian CD38 and its Aplysia homolog, ADP-ribosyl cyclase (cyclase), are two prominent enzymes tha
172 r molecular inhibition of CD38 abolished ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity and disrupted elongation of the
173 show that CD38 expression and endogenous ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity are developmentally regulated d
174 a glucocorticoid, on CD38 expression and ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity in HASM cells stimulated with T
175 is a multifunctional protein possessing ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity responsible for both the synthe
176 time PCR, and Western blot analysis, and ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity was assayed with nicotinamide g
177 TNF-alpha augmented CD38 expression and ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity, which were attenuated by dexam
178 is of beta-NAD(+), but also carrying out ADP-ribosyl cyclase and ADP-ribosyltransferase activities, m
179 ydrolytic activity and lacked detectable ADP-ribosyl cyclase and ADP-ribosyltransferase activities.
180 sis of a BFA-ADP-ribose conjugate by the ADP-ribosyl cyclase CD38 and (ii) covalent binding of the BF
181 ibitors of cADPR hydrolysis by the human ADP-ribosyl cyclase CD38 catalytic domain (shCD38), illustra
182 ous assay with sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) and the ADP-ribosyl cyclase CD38, the resulting steady-state kinetic
185 family of related enzymes, including the ADP-ribosyl cyclase from Aplysia california (ADPRAC) and CD3
190 sly reported that cADPR, produced by the ADP-ribosyl cyclase, CD38, controls calcium influx and chemo
194 y, a family of ectocellular enzymes, the ADP-ribosyl cyclases (ARCs), has emerged as being able to ch
195 substrate: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, ADP-ribosyl cyclases (CD38 and CD157), and sirtuins (SIRT1-7
198 a-linked nucleotide N(1) -(5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl)-DMB (alpha-ribazole-5'-P, alpha-RP), a precurso
204 he enzyme and a conformational change in the ribosyl group leading to migration of the anomeric carbo
205 s with oxacarbenium mimics replacing the NMN-ribosyl group of NAD(+) show 200-620-fold increased affi
206 gresses, carbocation character builds on the ribosyl group, the distance between the purine and the c
207 nd BcmB that prefer substrates containing 2'-ribosyl groups have a phenylalanine positioned in the ac
208 ansferase (ART-2)-mediated attachment of ADP-ribosyl groups to cell surface proteins; expression of A
209 rase, the enzyme that uses NAD to attach ADP-ribosyl groups to cell surfaces, are also resistant to C
210 ce ART-2 uses NAD but not ADPR to attach ADP-ribosyl groups to the cell surface, and that these group
211 thine and that ADP-ribosylated HNP-1 and ADP-ribosyl-HNP-(ornithine) were isolated from bronchoalveol
217 t the increasingly compelling view that (ADP-ribosyl)hydrolases are a vital element within ADP-ribosy
219 inding of DNA, although the presence of a 3'-ribosyl hydroxyl group partially overcame this requireme
220 ormed to study the effect of polarization of ribosyl hydroxyls, torsional angles, and the effect of b
221 attacks NAD(+) to form an RNA-2'-phospho-ADP-ribosyl intermediate that undergoes transesterification
226 (N-methyl)anthraniloyl substitutions at the ribosyl moiety and compared the data with that for the s
229 pectively, which catalyze the removal of the ribosyl moiety from nucleosides so that the nucleotide b
230 recedented transfer and isomerization of the ribosyl moiety of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to a mod
231 )2-like transition-state model, in which the ribosyl moiety possesses significant bond order to both
234 es in hPNP cause this stack, centered on the ribosyl O-4' oxygen, to squeeze together and push electr
235 ects predicted a 3-endo conformation for the ribosyl oxacarbenium-ion corresponding to H1'-C1'-C2'-H2
237 We used these findings to develop a novel ribosyl phosphate-modified derivative of c-di-GMP contai
239 ase in Bcl2-like protein 4, cleaved Poly ADP-Ribosyl Polymerase 1 and cleaved Caspase 3 levels with a
240 -regulated iNOS, nitrotyrosine, and poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase expression and inhibited CAR-induced
241 peroxynitrite-poly-adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosyl polymerase pathway contributes to the cellular i
242 ble nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) or poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP1) in only their marrow-derived
244 y an H. pylori toxin, the intrinsic poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase activity of PARP-1 is activated by a
245 These interventions also increased poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase and sirtuin activity, suggesting an
246 Here, we show that tankyrase, a poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase that regulates beta-catenin levels,
249 rs) that recognize specific parts of the ADP-ribosyl posttranslational modification, and is removed b
252 ith varied C1'-N9, C1'-Ophosphate distances, ribosyl pucker configurations and N7-protonation states.
253 nsition states are characterized by C2'-endo ribosyl pucker, based on the beta-secondary [2'-(3)H] KI
256 ; anti-Hib capsular polysaccharide IgG, poly-ribosyl-ribitol-phosphate (PRP), IgG subclass, and cellu
257 (C1'-Ophosphate distance = 2.26 A), 2'-C-exo-ribosyl ring pucker and the O5'-C5'-C4'-O4' dihedral ang
258 tion by the substrate phosphodianion and the ribosyl ring, respectively, and an 8.6 kcal/mol stabiliz
259 yl)hydrolases are a vital element within ADP-ribosyl signaling pathways and they hold the potential f
261 a three-site mAC pharmacophore; the 2',3'-O-ribosyl substituent and the polyphosphate chain have the
262 bases, revealing an unprecedented effect of ribosyl substitution on electronic energy relaxation.
264 nuclear enzyme poly-adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosyl synthetase, and eventual severe energy depletion
265 A nucleoside queuosine (Q), an unprecedented ribosyl transfer from the cofactor S-adenosylmethionine
269 It was shown in system (b) that oligo(ADP-ribosyl) transfer to histone H(1) is 1% of that of auto(
270 to significantly lower adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase (ADPRT)/PARP-1 activities in respons
271 either the receptor binding (CRM107) or ADP-ribosyl transferase (CRM197) activities do not inhibit t
272 osyl transferases, including human adenosine ribosyl transferase 5 (ART5) and Cholera toxin subunit A
273 tively, these data indicate that AvrRpm1 ADP-ribosyl transferase activity contributes to virulence by
275 fies the catalytic glutamate in the mono-ADP ribosyl transferase domain of the SdeA, thus blocking th
277 chitecture with two active subunits, the ADP ribosyl transferase PltA and the DNase CdtB, linked to a
279 stabilization, but DTA and PTA catalyze ADP-ribosyl transferase reactions more from ground-state des
280 Inhibition of the NAD(+) hydrolysis and ADP-ribosyl transferase reactions of DTA gave K(i) values fr
281 The NAD+-dependent deacetylase and mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase SIRT6 stabilizes the genome by promo
284 /NtrC, and DRAT (dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyl transferase)-DRAG (dinitrogenase reductase-activ
285 along with its cognate toxin Rv0059 (DNA ADP-ribosyl transferase, DarT(Mtb) ), to mediate reversible
292 transition states previously reported for N-ribosyl transferases and is the first demonstration of a
293 ed PARP12, a member of a large family of ADP-ribosyl transferases, as an interferon-induced gene (ISG
294 N(tz)AD(+) also serves as a substrate for ribosyl transferases, including human adenosine ribosyl
295 d of science in motion-the field of poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferases (PARPs) and ADP-ribosylation.
296 unctions of intracellular mammalian mono(ADP-ribosyl)transferases, such as any ability to regulate Ab
297 ransfers (UDP-glucose), and electron and ADP-ribosyl transfers (NAD(P)H/NAD(P)(+)) to drive metabolic
300 cts predicted a 3'-endo conformation for the ribosyl zwitterion, corresponding to a H1'-C1'-C2'-H2' t