ライフサイエンスコーパス: rule of

1 rate of 32 of 263 (12.1%) (P = .12) for the rule of 2 and 22 of 121 (18.2%) (P = .001) for the rule

2 a occurrence before age 40 years in whom the rule of 2 could be maintained.

3 Use of the rule of 2 in patients younger than 40 years reduced the

4 nt, or in first- or second-degree relatives (rule of 2).

5 Recently, we reported the Rule-of-2 (RO2) and found lipophilicity (logP >/=3) and

6 lvement of the 27 most-known enzyme reaction rules of 22 enzymes, as an extension of previous model K

7 to 38 of 408 patients (9.3%) when applying a rule of 3 (those with >/=3 primary melanomas or genetica

8 ed CDKN2A-mutated-families when applying the rule of 3 from 14 of 43 to 7 of 43.

9 Images were interpreted by the majority rule of 3 independent masked readers.

10 We propose using the rule of 3 to recommend genetic testing in France and cou

11 f 2 and 22 of 121 (18.2%) (P = .001) for the rule of 3.

12 in somatic cells follow C. elegans consensus rules of 3' splice site definition; a short stretch of p

13 68) and to 27 of 150 patients (18.0%) with a rule of 4 (4 primary melanomas or related cancer) (P < .

14 ad a significantly greater hit rate than the rule of 5 (47.4% vs. 21.0%, respectively; P < 0.001).

15 s was significantly greater than that of the rule of 5 (62.9% vs. 37.5%; P < 0.001).

16 e opportunities of chemical space beyond the rule of 5 (bRo5) were examined by retrospective analysis

17 nd-based analysis was superior to the simple rule of 5 for identifying progression in glaucoma eyes a

18 After 5 years, the simple rule of 5 identified 37.5% of eyes as progressing at a s

19 Analogous to the now widely accepted rule of 5 in the design of oral drugs, the physicochemic

20 The rule of 5 is a simple rule for detecting retinal nerve f

21 trates the potential of compounds far beyond rule of 5 space to modulate novel and difficult target c

22 nd provide support for drug design in beyond rule of 5 space.

23 nd-based analysis was matched to that of the rule of 5 to allow meaningful comparison of the "hit rat

24 The rule of 5 was designed to estimate the likelihood of poo

25 If the rule of 5 was required to be repeatable on a consecutive

26 The purpose of this study was to compare the rule of 5 with trend-based analysis of global RNFL thick

27 nducting drug discovery campaigns in "beyond rule of 5" (bRo5) chemical space presents a significant

28 azol-2-yl}benzonitrile (G007-LK), a potent, "rule of 5" compliant and a metabolically stable TNKS1/2

29 y the defining characteristic of "beyond the rule of 5" compounds, has little impact on solubility wh

30 re apparent, giving insight even "beyond the rule of 5".

31 cs with properties at, or beyond, Lipinski's rule of 5.

32 We confirm the upconversion rules of a femtosecond infrared helically phased beam in

33 Here, we shed light on the assembly rules of a multilayer network formed by frugivory and ne

34 3.8 x 2.5 mum, and is well within the design rules of a typical silicon photonics process, with a min

35 ctured electromagnetic fields, the selection rules of absorption spectroscopy could be fundamentally

36 a that partially satisfied the fragmentation rules of acylcarnitines, we identified 125 conjugated ac

37 Are there common rules of adaptation across different sensory modalities?

38 Here we elucidate the basic rules of Aedes aegypti thermotaxis and test the function

39 her important EAEC strains to understand the rules of AggR-dependent activation.

40 rejected, it has been assumed that the same rules of allosensitization apply as to non-tolerant host

41 be sigma-aromatic when they satisfy the 4n+2 rule of aromaticity for delocalized sigma electrons and

42 ic triplet" species according to the Baird's rule of aromaticity.

43 ributions so as to comply with the different rules of aromaticity in different electronic states.

44 to probe the "proteome grammar"-that is, the rules of association of domains that generate various do

45 the results of the action); and common-sense rules of attribution of physical causality satisfied.

46 By following the simple rule of avoiding only the strongest headwinds at departu

47 fficiency varies widely, a major distinctive rule of bacterial -1 frameshifting is that the most effi

48 of sensory data and priors that follows the rules of Bayesian estimation.

49 nto the bacterial outer membrane follows the rules of beta-barrel transmembrane protein biogenesis an

50 Impurities on black P adopt the 8-N rule of bonding, as in amorphous semiconductors, rather

51 Previously thought of as exceptions to the rule of bottom-up signal propagation, our results demons

52 stinct cell types, following tissue-specific rules of cell-cell interactions.

53 gether, our findings uncover the mechanistic rules of chromatin engagement for H3K4me3-specific reade

54 Our results suggest that there are general 'rules' of climatic-niche evolution that span plants and

55 Aip1 inverts the rules of cofilin-mediated actin disassembly such that in

56 cal analysis of the scope of indications and rules of conduct for trauma teams.

57 These Recommendations involve rules of conduct, procedures, and safety measures that s

58 scillators with a stochastic, fitness-based, rule of connectivity, and show that it self-organizes fr

59 s indicate that human brains follow the same rules of construction and that alterations to the human

60 nal cues, when cells interact through simple rules of contact repulsion.

61 re manifested in all three species following rules of contingency that may reflect strategically adap

62 A central rule of crowding is that it is stronger when the target

63 onding to their assigned relational response rule of "darker" or "lighter" at a level significantly a

64 of decision systems corresponds to a single rule of decision making in collectives.

65 etermined by initial fitness, according to a rule of declining adaptability with increasing initial f

66 l flow systems on the landscape: the scaling rules of "design" are expressions of the natural tendenc

67 Although a stopping rule of detectable HCV RNA at week 12 would have forfeit

68 y theory has long argued that the entrenched rules of development constrain the range of variations i

69 habit suggests that certain "basic physical rules" of development are being followed.

70 binary sequences according to deterministic rules of different complexity, including high-order, mul

71 dents that they already understand the basic rules of disease ecology and immunology.

72 The AI confirms Clar's rule of disjoint benzene units in many cases, but correc

73 Application of these generic fragmentation rules of dityrosine cross-linked peptides allowed for th

74 ple microscopic model that is based on local rules of electroneutrality and centrosymmetry.

75 e a strategy for systematically learning the rules of endogenous antigen presentation.

76 Here, we uncover evolutionarily conserved rules of engagement between RNA helicases and tripartite

77 Defining the rules of engagement between these p-arms and nucleoli ta

78 The rules of engagement between zinc finger transcription fa

79 Defining the cornerstone rules of engagement governing molecular and cellular mec

80 hemical analyses further reveal that similar rules of engagement may apply to diverse RNA helicases a

81 rinsic physical properties and reveal unique rules of engagement of target sequences at low p53 level

82 onary pressures leading to germline-encoded 'rules of engagement' remains avidly debated.

83 x interplay among the intrinsic mathematical rules of epidemic spreading, governmental policies, and

84 netic technologies and insights into general rules of epigenetic regulation.

85 Simple rules of etiquette are not always applied in a busy NICU

86 ectivity can result from a synaptic learning rule of excitatory synapses.

87 Herein, we exploit Baird's rule of excited state aromaticity to manipulate the sing

88 his work, we introduce a group of Lipinski's rule of five compliant squaramides as candidates for tre

89 After screening through Lipinski's rule of five filter for oral bioavailability, ADMET risk

90 perty was checked by applying the Lipinski's rule of five on the furanocoumarins to evaluate anti-bre

91 cule drug discovery benefits from Lipinski's rule of five to guide the selection of molecules with ap

92 Two decades have passed since the rule of five ushered in the concept of "drug-like" prope

93 loser to the periphery or the outside of the rule-of-five "cage".

94 Beyond rule-of-five (bRo5) compounds are increasingly used in d

95 resentative natural products and were highly rule-of-five compliant.

96 rocycles or other large molecules beyond the rule-of-five limit.

97 ile at the same time largely adhering to the rule-of-five.

98 The panel recommends a vendor-neutral rule of four for interpretation for ARFI techniques.

99 Thus the analytic rule of gap-opening by patterning graphene is derived, w

100 However, the rules of generalization in vocal behavior are poorly und

101 r, we provide strong evidence that the 12/23 rule of genomic recombination is frequently violated und

102 Moreover, we found that similar rules of GLI activity apply to SHH signaling in regulati

103 sically disordered proteins appear to follow rules of globular protein folding, such as the cooperati

104 GlycoSeq employs rules of glycosidic linkage as defined by glycan synthet

105 Social rules of HIV disclosure and perception of risk depend on

106 The underlying rules of how it folds, moves, and interacts as a biologi

107 We use these findings to derive quantitative rules of how large and diverse datasets need to be to pr

108 ealth and safety regulations have focused on rules of hygiene and prevention of infections.

109 asite and immune cells) to be developed from rules of individual cell behaviour.

110 Furthermore, the composition rules of industrial multi-component Ti alloys based on t

111 onnectivity is obtained by applying Bayesian rules of inference to the local topology of cysteine res

112 a statistical framework to infer underlying rules of inheritance.

113 t-offspring trio data phased using Mendelian rules of inheritance.

114 However, the rules of innervation of cortical cells and regions by di

115 Thus, the rule of input specificity breaks down at individual syna

116 ied separately, the relationship between the rules of integration and rules of plasticity remained el

117 ascading can shape selectivity, and that the rules of integration from one stage to the next are not

118 es, we propose to follow the slow birth of a rule of interaction during animal development.

119 Several of these rules of interaction have been proposed, but it has prov

120 ationalistic terms, we ask how to design the rules of interaction in multi-agent systems that come to

121 tential and existing behaviors associated to rules of interactions and rewards.

122 by inclusion in a Validation List, under the Rules of International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria.

123 by inclusion in a Validation List, under the Rules of International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria.

124 mes are often considered an exception to the rule of intrinsic disorder (ID), believed to require a u

125 ns and lead to a description of five general rules of invasion: (1) larger communities evolve better

126 The rules of its Regulatory Council require the spirit to ag

127 fically, in addition to the error-correcting rule of Kalman filter for learning observations, the VKF

128 es and country-specific legal documents; the rule of law and gross-domestic product per capita, adjus

129 We used the United Nations Rule Of Law definition to define NGOs.

130 t rejection of democratic principles and the rule of law).

131 ated with the parent) defies the traditional rules of learning in that it seems to occur independentl

132 ntative examples where nature uses ENS, as a rule of life, to create the ensembles of biomacromolecul

133 We focus on four key rules of life and their interactions: the temperature de

134 propose that the application of fundamental rules of life can help develop necessary predictive fram

135 We propose that applying these key rules of life to cryosphere-influenced ecosystems will r

136 ed as simplified cell models to decipher the rules of life, artificial cells have the potential to be

137 membrane skeleton (APMS) sets the diffusion rules of lipids and proteins in the axon.

138 anslating experimentally known fragmentation rules of lipids into the fragmentation of oxidized lipid

139 a way that might not necessarily follow the rules of logic.

140 We expect this to be a general rule of membrane behavior for all AB(5) toxins and polyo

141 ins, and provide insights into the molecular rules of membrane adaptation.

142 The rule of Mendelian inheritance is remarkably robust, but

143 Thus, the rules of metaplasticity might manifest in opposite direc

144 Microbiome complexity and the rules of microbiotic community assemblage are not yet fu

145 Significant deviations from the rule of mixtures are observed in the structural and magn

146 iffness and strength increases following the rule of mixtures while more silk fibre acts to increase

147 erage of 22% and 39%, respectively, over the rule-of-mixtures average of their monocarbide and mononi

148 nitrides and 31% in carbonitrides over their rule-of-mixtures values.

149 lly, the Cu-Ta hardness appeared to follow a rule-of-mixtures when compared to extrapolated data of C

150 od and the growing realization that the same rules of multisensory integration that have been thoroug

151 It has been shown that the tonal rules of music are neurally encoded, but not consciously

152 In normal listeners, the tonal rules of music guide musical expectancy.

153 a note was inserted that violated the tonal rules of music.

154 This rule of Myc action explains the vast majority of Myc bio

155 Here, we reveal assembly rules of native GABAAR complexes that explain GABAAR sub

156 t in a mammalian expression system where the rules of native protein assembly are strictly obeyed.

157 As expected by a "rich-get-richer" growth rule of network evolution, MUA graphs were found to form

158 e allowed the importance of known and novel 'rules of NMD' to be tested and combined into methods tha

159 ural basis of the 'one-neuron, one-receptor' rule of olfaction.

160 ccurs in TIs due to spin-dependent selection rules of optical transitions.

161 which provokes us to rethink the established rules of optics in both the linear and nonlinear regimes

162 mpal cells suggests the existence of general rules of organization among structures that process comp

163 al horn inhibitory synapses follow different rules of organization at presynaptic versus postsynaptic

164 ndicated that functional circuitry exhibited rules of organization which generalized across three are

165 connections reflect an alternative ultimate rule of our universe, i.e., the principle of least actio

166 is robust with respect to variations in the rules of our model such as diffusion between multiple en

167 e discovered interesting violations of these rules of outer retinal connectivity: ON-BC type X contac

168 The rules of paired electrical stimulation are best understo

169 allization in accordance with Ostwald's step rule of phases.

170 f complex biology can be explained by simple rules of physics and constitutes a rapid test bed for fu

171 rms that represent the well-known historical rules of plant cell division, such as those given by Hof

172 ionship between the rules of integration and rules of plasticity remained elusive.

173 Environmental factors interact with internal rules of population regulation, sometimes perturbing sys

174 cts the relevant GBD classification based on rules of prioritization across the pathways found.

175 nthetic biology and our understanding of the rules of promoter architecture have led to the developme

176 ure on transcriptional regulation, and known rules of promoter architecture we improved the low-pH pe

177 to the health of the consumer following the rules of proper nutrition.

178 of new validated ClpXP substrates, clarifies rules of protease substrate selection, and demonstrates

179 are an exception to the classical eukaryote rule of random gene location and provide paradigmatic ex

180 ant candidate to extend our knowledge on the rules of reactivity.

181 Our data reveal rules of recruitment for interneuron types during behavi

182 patial attentional weights based on internal rules of relevance (spatial shifts) compared with mainta

183 measured by how this project transformed the rules of research, the way of practising biological disc

184 prevalence estimate was obtained by Bayes's rule of reverse conditional probabilities.

185 q provides a general strategy to uncover the rules of RNA cis regulation.

186 A critical step in uncovering rules of RNA processing is to study the in vivo regulato

187 hts into how viruses circumnavigate cellular rules of self vs non-self RNAs to not only escape, but f

188 hlight how RL and SDS follow similar overall rules of self-assembly and interactions with proteins, b

189 High-level 'rules' of self-organization and assembly are increasingl

190 ry inputs by principal neurons underpins the rules of signal integration and Hebbian plasticity in th

191 le environment where there exists an optimal rule of similar complexity to the Rescorla-Wagner rule.

192 ws physical rules that are distinct from the rules of site binding that biochemists are most familiar

193 eotides per protomer is consistent with the "rule of six" that governs the genome packaging of the Pa

194 The 1 - 2 m (~3 - 6 ft) rule of spatial separation is central to droplet precaut

195 data do not support the 1 - 2 m (~3 - 6 ft) rule of spatial separation.

196 synthetic perspective can help identify new rules of speciation as well as rules in the molecular ev

197 re consistent with predictions from the two 'rules of speciation', and emphasize the importance of se

198 The two 'rules of speciation', Haldane's rule and the large X-eff

199 Based on these 'rules of speciation', I test the hypothesis that the pre

200 Thus, the results reveal general rules of specificity of hnRNP A1 and provide a quantitat

201 ations of ZIFs are consistent with Ostwald's rule of stages and proceed toward thermodynamically incr

202 This study validates Ostwald's Rule of Stages and provides a phase diagram for growth o

203 lts support a two-step process and Ostwald's rule of stages for the crystallization of heteropolyanio

204 Here we report the role of Ostwald's Rule of Stages in the growth of CdSe quantum dots (QDs)

205 Direct evidence of the Rule of Stages is lacking, and the theory has not been i

206 A century ago Ostwald described the "Rule of Stages" after deducing that crystal formation mu

207 ization governed by the heuristic "Ostwald's rule of stages", which predicts that the crystallization

208 vidence supporting the ubiquity of Ostwald's Rule of Stages, describing the hypothesized transitionin

209 rmations that is consistent with the Ostwald rule of stages, wherein metastable structures dissolve a

210 brate, in a novel manifestation of Ostwald's rule of stages.

211 ow temperature with the aim to determine the rules of sublimation of these compounds.

212 code hierarchical IDP assemblies, (2) design rules of such assemblies in cell biology and (3) molecul

213 Where and how the probabilistic rules of such sequences are encoded in the brain is poor

214 e studied in view of the Goodenough-Kanamori rules of superexchange interactions in this paper.

215 Following these rules of switch catalysis with multiple monomer addition

216 feature-specific connectivity if appropriate rules of synaptic plasticity are invoked within and betw

217 stem shows how neuromodulators can alter the rules of synaptic plasticity to form associative memorie

218 es in these model systems, (3) elucidate the rules of synthetic, functionally programmable microbiome

219 , and the biological unities, as well as the rules of taxonomic nomenclature.

220 ctoderm, where it is activated following the rule of temporal colinearity.

221 We assume the basic updating rule of the Bounded Confidence Model (BCM) and we develo

222 Herein, the selection rule of the donor/acceptor blend is demonstrated by rati

223 dy to fully assess compliance with the Final Rule of the FDAAA 2007.

224 This breakdown of the rule of the geometric mean is likely due to coupled moti

225 mixed-salt solution by using the additivity rule of the Setschenow coefficients of the individual io

226 s produced different levels of behavior, the rules of the behavioral program were consistent.

227 ) are essential in vivo, but the grammatical rules of the code are obscure.

228 e development of ILP systems which can learn rules of the complexity required for studies on protein

229 o establish a relation between the selection rules of the electronic light scattering spectra and the

230 The rules of the game are as follows.

231 Zero algorithm(5) that was supplied with the rules of the game.

232 th the correct amino acid, as defined by the rules of the genetic code.

233 pplied alterations to harmony and sequential rules of the music in terms of emotional experience and

234 vior originates from the different selection rules of the parallel energy bands in the BaTiS(3) mater

235 Q-Networks to make decisions inspired on the rules of the Schelling Segregation model and rewards for

236 ty to shift their response strategy when the rules of the task changed, indicating reduced behavioral

237 de association studies, the US Supreme Court ruling of the non-patentability of human genes, and the

238 ervous system in terms of cell types and the rules of their connectivity represents a fundamental cha

239 rule, and is one of the oldest and venerable rules of thermodynamics.

240 This algorithm learns and quantifies rules of these features, taking advantage of a large num

241 In one limit, the non-equilibrium dynamical rules of these networks can generate scale-free networks

242 chanisms, we reveal that the spatial scaling rules of these three elements are in a consistent framew

243 The first trials covered by the Final Rule of this act became due to report results in January

244 appear often intimately linked although the rules of this interplay are poorly understood.

245 This Rule of Three forces selection committees to make diffic

246 The Rule of Three is reminiscent of art's three-panel tripty

247 s simplicity being recognized as a practical rule-of-three in drug co-prescription or making fixed-do

248 lds, as suggested by an empirical but robust rule of thumb based on household secondary attack rate.

249 Our approach can serve as a UHI rule of thumb for the comparison of urban development sc

250 aluable new insight but it provides a simple rule of thumb for the design of monitoring programmes in

251 gnal after speckle imprinting and provides a rule of thumb in selecting the laser power required to o

252 A simple rule of thumb is also presented.

253 This study also supports a fairly simple rule of thumb that may be useful in the interpretation o

254 nce measurements and also identify a general rule of thumb that the surface contacted by electrolyte

255 A rule of thumb we find is that, for Galilean and Saturnia

256 This empirical "rule of thumb" may help applied researchers identify sit

257 We discover a "rule of thumb" to safeguard against the long-term catch

258 value selection is normally made based on a rule of thumb, meaning that the calculated threshold lev

259 As a rule of thumb, the achievable spatial resolution is on t

260 n agent-based model (ABM) that embodies this rule of thumb.

261 hways in combination with the biodegradation rules of thumb and some basic organic chemistry has allo

262 Rules of thumb appropriate for neuroscience and cardiolo

263 Three rules of thumb emerge from our studies to aid further de

264 Rules of thumb exist for RICS image acquisitioning, yet

265 We further propose rules of thumb for guiding the choice of strategy: For e

266 ese characteristics could serve as pragmatic rules of thumb for identifying candidate sequences likel

267 These rules of thumb illustrate how cost-effective conservatio

268 We also give simple rules of thumb to achieve the best separation efficacy i

269 ns based on trait profiles that may serve as rules of thumb to distinguish reservoirs from nonreservo

270 We give rules of thumb to guide the user on system behavior, suc

271 plicates the identification of conservation 'rules of thumb' for these taxa, and supports the notion

272 by heuristics-guided appraisal (i.e. mental rules of thumb).

273 corrections, were compared, and a simplified rule-of-thumb (RoT) correction factor (CF) was derived f

274 Back-of-the-envelope or rule-of-thumb calculations involving rough estimates of

275 Our theoretical analyses provided a rule-of-thumb method for the selection of geometrical de

276 t folds, are exceptions to the long-standing rule-of-thumb that proteins with as little as 30% sequen

277 xt dependent and cannot be approximated by a rule-of-thumb value because these residues can contribut

278 n depth (S) decreases exponentially, with a "rule-of-thumb" formula S=0.75*0.85(depth).

279 We propose a 'rule-of-thumb' for estimating the maximum number of gues

280 ined attention, thus conscious access to the rules of tonality was manipulated.

281 stematically examined the extent and spatial rules of transcriptional heterogeneity.

282 n provides a unique opportunity to study the rules of TSS selection and the hierarchy of events linki

283 g with bioinformatic algorithms and inferred rules of tumor epitope immunogenicity.

284 Applying the rule-of-two is an appropriate means of estimating risk f

285 rapeutic Chemical classification system, the rule-of-two performed best in predicting DILI in seven t

286 set of 179 oral medications with 85% of the rule-of-two positives being associated with hepatotoxici

287 Among 15 rule-of-two positives, 14 were withdrawn from hepatotoxi

288 Again, the rule-of-two predicted hepatotoxicity reliably.

289 Finally, the rule-of-two was applied to clinical case studies to iden

290 This defined the "rule-of-two." Similar results were obtained for an indep

291 substrate asymmetry important for the 12/23 rule of V(D)J recombination.

292 paired complex that reflects the known 12/23 rule of V(D)J recombination.

293 urate cohort frequency estimation, learn the rules of VDJ recombination, and generalize well to unsee

294 o dramatic changes in symmetry and selection rules of vibrational modes.

295 ontent production or are due to the internal rules of Wikipedia.

296 y for cooperation, because the deterministic rule of win-stay, lose-shift works best.

297 na stem anatomical variants, and reveals new rules of woody growth.

298 s to words in natural languages in which the rules of word association are dictated by linguistic rul

299 ent care), tools used for work including IT, rules of work, community, and division of labor.

300 Our work establishes the rules of zinc action and reveals that zinc modulation ex