ライフサイエンスコーパス: shrub

1 ut had contrasting vegetation cover (moss vs shrub).

2 lly depleted of the ESCRT-III core component Shrub.

3 to systems dominated by broadleaf trees and shrubs.

4 ss of future dendroclimatological studies on shrubs.

5 dingoes relaxed a recruitment bottleneck for shrubs.

6 wo treatments: trenched plots and plots with shrubs.

7 pex predator to the historic encroachment of shrubs.

8 ted a 78% increase in the height of riparian shrubs.

9 on the elevational limits of trees than tall shrubs.

10 soil layers that are exclusively explored by shrubs.

11 states dominated by water spending invasive shrubs.

12 getation is typically dominated by evergreen shrubs.

13 cluding via increased dominance of deciduous shrubs.

14 relative to phenotypically plastic deciduous shrubs.

15 ommunities that are dominated by resprouting shrubs.

16 mate on trees, this is not possible for most shrubs.

17 rganic C (SOCorg ) is significantly lower at shrub (2.98 +/- 0.48 kg m(-2) ) and forest (2.04 +/- 0.2

18 ianas (50.1 +/- 16.3%), angiosperm trees and shrubs (26.3 +/- 12.4%), and conifers (7.6 +/- 2.6%).

19 tenuated by the shading effects of trees and shrubs(4-9).

20 ter age (7%), and the presence or absence of shrubs (6%).

21 to estimate the impact of greater deciduous shrub abundance and associated shifts in both leaf area

22 determine the influence of greater deciduous shrub abundance on tundra canopy phenology and subsequen

23 The expansion of shrubs across the Arctic tundra may fundamentally modify

24 regime, made possible by recently developed shrub allometry models.

25 e velocity better than either forest or tall shrub alone, suggesting competitive compensation can be

26 Cleared sites had higher shrub and bare ground cover, and lower grass and herbace

27 In the Kenai Mountains, mean tall shrub and climate velocities were both 2.8 m y(-1).

28 Our model estimates suggest that fires in shrub and fern understories had significantly greater fi

29 In addition, density of poultry, coverage of shrub and temperature played important roles for human H

30 ia xerification, which replaces grasses with shrubs and bare soil patches.

31 ontrasting root distributions of grasses and shrubs and competitive interactions among plant types, c

32 sistently consumed fewer graminoids and more shrubs and forbs, i.e. eudicots.

33 Our findings suggest that dwarf-shrubs and graminoids prime microbial decomposition of p

34 guminosae), a clade of 225 species of trees, shrubs and lianas distributed across the Rainforest, Suc

35 ground plant C stocks, particularly in moss, shrubs and litter.

36 Plant functional types such as shrubs and mosses were affected to a greater degree than

37 limate change may both act against evergreen shrubs and the ecosystem functions they provide.

38 Tall shrubs and trees are advancing into many tundra and wetl

39 The encroachment of woody mangrove shrubs and trees into herbaceous salt marshes may repres

40 -generated vegetation strata (namely, grass, shrubs and trees).

41 Among shrubs and tundra communities, RAF connectivity to the t

42 Shrubs and, to a lesser extent, evergreen forests show a

43 l Alaska may be due to competition with tall shrubs and/or more complex climate controls on the eleva

44 ss was positively correlated with graminoid, shrub, and ecosystem productivity measured at field site

45 Elaeagnus umbellata is a common invasive shrub, and similar impacts on native species might occur

46 For forest, tall shrub, and tundra ecosystems in two pristine mountain ra

47 yet it is occasionally isolated from trees, shrubs, and grass.

48 number of living trees, biomass of trees and shrubs, and soil C content.

49 among plant life forms (e.g., among grasses, shrubs, and trees) in higher plants.

50 ed into annual herbs, herbaceous perennials, shrubs, and trees.

51 Concurrently, deciduous shrubs are becoming increasingly abundant in tundra land

52 Evergreen dwarf shrubs are disadvantaged in a future sub-Arctic with mor

53 al measurements to test the framework with a shrub (Artemisia tridentata) and a tree (Pinus monophyll

54 We show that ERM and ECM shrubs associate with RAF at the thaw front providing ev

55 en biomes (relative percentages of trees vs. shrubs) at the same vegetative density shows a non-linea

56 ouse experiments using the California-native shrub Baccharis salicifolia and two ecologically distinc

57 n terpene amounts in leaves of the dioecious shrub Baccharis salicifolia.

58 ropods associated with an abundant Brazilian shrub, Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C.

59 ed ecosystems can fuel a surprising burst in shrub belowground productivity, one possible mechanism e

60 and Vaccinium vitis-idaea); (iii) deciduous shrubs (Betula nana and Salix pulchra); and (iv) forbs (

61 eas White-crowned sparrows nested only under shrubs between 20 cm and 1 m in height, with no preferen

62 esent novel dendroecology-based estimates of shrub biomass change under a future climate regime, made

63 Evergreen dwarf shrub biomass decreased (30%) following extreme winter w

64 However, high shrub biomass is associated with greater dissimilarity i

65 sitively correlated with (15) N recovered in shrub biomass Taxon-specific RAF associations could be a

66 in carbon (C) contained within above-ground shrub biomass, it is modest in comparison with the amoun

67 that out-weighs the increase in above-ground shrub biomass.

68 ly greater for exclosures dominated by dwarf shrubs (Calluna vulgaris) than by grasses (Molinia caeru

69 However, the rate at which shrubs can colonize previously glaciated terrain in a wa

70 ak season and greater leaf area of deciduous shrub canopies almost tripled the modeled net carbon upt

71 Shrub canopies had higher canopy-dwelling arthropod avai

72 We found that deciduous shrub canopies reached the onset of peak greenness 13 da

73 We compared tree seedlings grown nearby shrub canopy (canopy subplots, CS) and in open space (op

74 nd that high N availability increased native shrub canopy loss and mortality, likely due to the highe

75 of growth variability of the evergreen dwarf shrub Cassiope tetragona between 1927 and 2012 in the no

76 The evergreen shrub, Cassiope tetragona, did not respond to either exp

77 on protein Comt/NSF and ESCRT-III components Shrub/CHMP4B and CHMP2B, facilitates reintegration of ac

78 Moreover, only few High Arctic shrub chronologies cover the recent decade of substantia

79 llular glandular trichomes of the xerophytic shrub Cistus creticus that accumulate labdane-type diter

80 s dominated by the water use of the invasive shrub Cistus ladanifer, which further increased after th

81 rtemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana), a desert shrub common within the path of eclipse totality.

82 d the modeled net carbon uptake of deciduous shrub communities compared to evergreen/graminoid commun

83 ed in 84% greater carbon uptake in deciduous shrub communities.

84 At peak season, willow shrubs contributed 38% to soil CO(2) efflux in their pat

85 s suggest that areas of minimal or extensive shrub cover (shrub encroachment) may be homogenizing rod

86 ographs spanning a 51-year period to compare shrub cover between areas where dingoes are historically

87 As native shrub cover declined, we also observed a concomitant inc

88 e decades after fire disturbance, the upland shrub cover increased by 1077.2 +/- 83.6 m(2) ha(-1) , ~

89 ns why in most cases the shift from grass to shrub cover is found to be abrupt and often difficult to

90 esilient to N where no P was added, although shrub cover is still reduced in low-N plots.

91 In contrast, shrub cover markedly decreased in lowland tundra after f

92 gery, we characterize dynamics in forest and shrub cover occurring at relatively short spatial scales

93 The higher shrub cover on cleared sites may have greater ecological

94 ter impounding and resulted in 52.4% loss of shrub cover over three decades.

95 Shrub cover was 26-48% greater in areas where dingoes we

96 No correlation was found between lowland shrub cover with fire severity (r = 0.01).

97 Increasing shrub cover, lower and relatively more flat sites, incre

98 re correlated on the moss site but not under shrub cover, where the canopy reduced the influence of u

99 ra layer was thicker and less variable under shrub cover.

100 ations with increased ruggedness and overall shrub cover.

101 isk and increased rodent activity underneath shrub cover.

102 m) aerial and satellite imagery to estimate shrub-cover change in 114 study sites across four burned

103 AT) was the principal factor driving lowland shrub-cover dynamics between 1951 and 2007.

104 lands (r = 0.78, p < 0.001), but accelerated shrub-cover losses in burned lowlands (r = -0.82, p < 0.

105 hese results highlight divergent pathways of shrub-cover responses to fire disturbance and climate ch

106 orted the most rapid fire spread, angiosperm shrubs delivered the largest amount of heat per unit are

107 Dwarf shrub dendrochronology may reveal climatological causes

108 Shrub densification has been widely reported across the

109 To understand how increasing deciduous shrub dominance may alter breeding songbird habitat, we

110 ced by management intensity, and postdrought shrub dominance was higher when pathogens acted as codri

111 plains long-term dynamics in these grass and shrub dominated communities.

112 munity characteristics in both graminoid and shrub dominated tundra.

113 We compared deciduous shrub-dominated and evergreen/graminoid-dominated commun

114 Regime shift from grasslands to shrub-dominated landscapes occur worldwide driven by alt

115 ur system, particularly ornamental trees and shrubs (e.g. Hydrangea, Rosa, Spiraea, Syringa, Viburnum

116 eads to non-uniform sampling protocols among shrub ecologists, who will favor either root collars or

117 rstood, inhibiting accurate incorporation of shrub effects into climate models.

118 change, likely driven by the invasion of the shrub, Elaeagnus umbellata, on the nest distribution pat

119 populations of the drought-deciduous desert shrub Encelia farinosa to provide insight into water-use

120 For a recent radiation of New World desert shrubs (Encelia: Asteraceae), we use fine-scale geograph

121 sure, plays a significant role in modulating shrub encroachment and ensuing land degradation processe

122 nce modification and elucidate mechanisms of shrub encroachment at the Virginia Coast Reserve, Long-T

123 he hypothesis that dingo removal facilitates shrub encroachment by triggering a four level trophic ca

124 gate the role of this feedback in sustaining shrub encroachment in the region.

125 he dingo (Canis dingo), could be a driver of shrub encroachment in the Strzelecki Desert, Australia.

126 climate change that might lead to widespread shrub encroachment reducing the provisioning of ecosyste

127 This 'shrub encroachment' has been linked to livestock grazing

128 t areas of minimal or extensive shrub cover (shrub encroachment) may be homogenizing rodents' percept

129 Shrub encroachment, forest decline and wildfires have ca

130 been considered as a factor contributing to shrub encroachment.

131 r extirpation may be an overlooked driver of shrub encroachment.

132 t from ecological state transitions, such as shrub encroachment.

133 al role of mammalian herbivory in containing shrub encroachment.

134 Shrub establishment in these habitats alters microclimat

135 may further benefit deciduous over evergreen shrubs, event and trend climate change may both act agai

136 seabuckthorn) is a freeze tolerant Himalayan shrub exhibiting antifreeze properties.

137 a feedback can affect the maximum extent of shrub expansion and the configuration of a stable encroa

138 ce ecosystem processes, such as wildfire and shrub expansion in drylands.

139 rally considered to remain resistant to such shrub expansion in the next decades.

140 height are consistent with observed riparian shrub expansion in the region.

141 = 0.67, p < 0.001), responsible for 30.8% of shrub expansion in the upland tundra between 1971 and 20

142 Shrub expansion in the uplands was largely enhanced by w

143 Warmer MSAT facilitated shrub expansion in unburned lowlands (r = 0.78, p < 0.00

144 ions, changes in microclimate resulting from shrub expansion into desert grasslands have remained poo

145 However, it remains unclear how shrub expansion pattern is linked with key environmental

146 ver, landscape-scale patterns and drivers of shrub expansion remain poorly understood, inhibiting acc

147 rctic is leading to widespread heterogeneous shrub expansion, but impacts of these habitat changes on

148 Rapid climate warming has resulted in shrub expansion, mainly of erect deciduous shrubs in the

149 n observed in arctic tundra ecosystems, e.g. shrub expansion, resulting in reduction in albedo and gr

150 RP binds shrub mRNA (human Chmp4) to repress Shrub expression, causing overexpression during the dise

151 Shrubs facilitated the annual plant community at all lev

152 Shrubs facilitated trees at multiple ontogenetic stages,

153 Shrub facilitation and the high rainfall year contribute

154 Moreover, shrub facilitation mediates the interspecific competitio

155 We developed a conceptual framework of nurse shrub facilitation of tree establishment.

156 tested the hypothesis that the mechanism of shrub facilitation on an annual plant community can chan

157 ear of treatment, the control (+0 degrees C) shrub fine-root growth of 0.9 km m(-2) y(-1) increased l

158 cated elevational movements by two tree- and shrub-foraging species with moderate-to-high vagility (C

159 The geographic distribution of tree versus shrub form of species appears to be the result of 4-5 in

160 oup and the evolutionary history of tree and shrub form.

161 In absence of Shrub function, Mega is lost from the SJ and becomes tra

162 inated peatland to a non-carbon accumulating shrub-grass ecosystem.

163 prey abundance, in a mosaic of non-irrigated shrub/grasslands and irrigated crops/pastures.

164 e rhamnoides ssp. turkestanica) is an alpine shrub growing wild in certain parts of western Himalaya.

165 rost, contrasting earlier notions of limited shrub growth sensitivity to summer warming in the High A

166 ion for the relationship between climate and shrub growth.

167 The tall-shrub habitat for moose exhibited a dendritic spatial co

168 nal downscaling to map current and projected shrub habitat for moose on the North Slope of Alaska.

169 ores in the Arctic in response to increasing shrub habitat is a contrasting terrestrial counterpart t

170 Warming and expanded shrub habitat is the most plausible reason for recent sn

171 rthern Alaska as a case study to examine how shrub habitat will respond to predicted future warming,

172 of stream flow, air temperature, floodplain shrub habitat, and snowshoe hare distributions.

173 The ESCRT-III core protein Shrub has a central role in endosome-to-multivesicular b

174 The abundance of shrubs has increased throughout Earth's arid lands.

175 on dendrochronological techniques applied to shrubs have linked this phenomenon to climate change.

176 s carried out in widespread sub-Arctic dwarf shrub heathland, incorporating both mortality and stress

177 harge and the estimated increase in riparian shrub height are consistent with observed riparian shrub

178 ound in sedge-dominated tussock tundra where shrub height does not exceed 20 cm, whereas White-crowne

179 hrub height to reconstruct annual changes in shrub height from the 1960s to the present.

180 that snowshoe hares require a mean riparian shrub height of at least 1.24-1.36 m, a threshold which

181 etween cumulative summer warmth and riparian shrub height to reconstruct annual changes in shrub heig

182 n soil moisture and temperature, thaw depth, shrub height, and foliar nitrogen content, indicating th

183 cots, and eudicots) and growth habits (tree, shrub, herbaceous, annual, perennial, evergreen, and dec

184 he establishment of snowshoe hares and other shrub herbivores in the Arctic in response to increasing

185 connectivity and alter the distributions of shrub herbivores in the Arctic, including creation of no

186 A large proportion of dryland trees and shrubs (hereafter referred to collectively as trees) gro

187 rack the fate of seedlings of an encroaching shrub, hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa angustissima), during a

188 Our results imply that some evergreen shrubs (i.e., C. tetragona) will not capitalize on earli

189 e vegetation zones: grass, transitional, and shrub in a coastal grassland.

190 We find a specific requirement for Shrub in maintaining septate junction (SJ) integrity by

191 The circumpolar expansion of woody deciduous shrubs in arctic tundra alters key ecosystem properties

192 nsity of the vegetation (trees in wooded and shrubs in grassland environments).

193 Trees and shrubs in non-domestic greenspace reduced mean maximum d

194 The rapid growth increase in C. tetragona shrubs in response to recent High Arctic summer warming

195 n shrub expansion, mainly of erect deciduous shrubs in the Low Arctic, but the more extreme, sparsely

196 k with microclimate, whereby cold intolerant shrubs increase the minimum nocturnal temperatures in th

197 orate the critically important role of nurse shrub interactions for ameliorating population bottlenec

198 Mediterranean woodland, we show that native shrub invasion and extreme drought synergistically reduc

199 its invasive range, or in areas with similar shrub invasions.

200 a palustris) because this slow-growing woody shrub is known for its flexible stems.

201 d use, and climate-driven expansion of woody shrubs, is transforming the distribution of plant functi

202 IC and pedogenic carbonate (PIC); converting shrub land to cropland increased PIC stock by 5.2 kg C m

203 We also find that shrub landcover significantly moderates aggression betwe

204 ntecedent D and W on plant Psi in the desert shrub Larrea tridentata.

205 f edge habitat), but decreased with a denser shrub layer, deeper leaf litter and higher humidity (cha

206 ii and Eriophorum vaginatum); (ii) evergreen shrubs (Ledum palustre, Cassiope tetragona, and Vacciniu

207 Importantly, genetic correction of Shrub levels in the FXS model prevents synaptic membrane

208 ptibility to drought and result in increased shrub loss over time.

209 promote an expansion of this evergreen dwarf shrub, mainly through densification of existing shrub pa

210 However, the multi-stemmed structure of shrubs makes them difficult to sample and therefore lead

211 ate that C, recently fixed by trees and tall shrubs, makes a substantial contribution to soil respira

212 k a 10-year study on the effects of invasive shrub management (bitou bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifer

213 soil surface temperature extremes, trees and shrubs may help to reduce the adverse impacts of urbaniz

214 es are the birds' preferred prey, increasing shrubs may result in a net enhancement in preferred prey

215 Shrub microsites allowed trees to overcome an early popu

216 rather than climate, may have limited Arctic shrub migration in this region.

217 acerbated woody encroachment by the invasive shrub Mimosa pigra-considered one of the world's 100 wor

218 We use the climate-shrub-moose system of northern Alaska as a case study to

219 driver of expansion of the native, evergreen shrub, Morella cerifera, in coastal landscapes.

220 ial in extreme cold winters as it may reduce shrub mortality.

221 phila FXS disease model, we found FMRP binds shrub mRNA (human Chmp4) to repress Shrub expression, ca

222 is a native shrub of Chile, known for its edible berries and its lea

223 Ugni molinae Turcz. is a native shrub of Chile, known for its edible berries and its lea

224 duous forests, including native and invasive shrubs of six common genera.

225 We assessed influence of shrubs on microclimate variance, community composition,

226 toration, specifically the removal of exotic shrubs, on pollination.

227 The expansion of deciduous shrubs onto potentially vulnerable arctic soils with lar

228 and carbon (up to 2100 years old) when dwarf-shrubs or graminoids are present, an effect not observed

229 e such as foundation plant species including shrubs or local differences in the physical attributes w

230 Consistently, we found FMRP loss and Shrub overexpression similarly elevate endosomes and res

231 arning/memory center, we found FMRP loss and Shrub overexpression similarly increase connectivity.

232 These differences in sensitivity of shrub parts to climate highlight the complexity of resou

233 ub, mainly through densification of existing shrub patches, at High Arctic sites with sufficient wint

234 tection performance and the relative tree to shrub percentages.

235 diterpene that is isolated from the tropical shrub Persea indica(1) and has potent antifeedant and in

236 ect herbivore communities of the neotropical shrub Piper kelleyi Tepe (Piperaceae).

237 nalysis suggests that, with the exception of shrubs, plants affect FIB removal indirectly by changing

238 grass productivity decreased by 81%, whereas shrub productivity increased by 67%.

239 esized that N addition would increase native shrub productivity, but that this would increase suscept

240 The South African shrub Protea repens displays diverse phenotypes in the w

241 heses to explain how dingoes could influence shrub recruitment.

242 atmospheric CO2 concentrations facilitating shrub recruitment.

243 Using a manipulative shrub removal experiment and the co-occurrence of an ext

244 flooded islands, while salt marsh herbs and shrubs replaced forest understory vegetation along a tid

245 ies associated with the widespread perennial shrub, Rhazya stricta in Arabian desert soils.

246 land to assess how a nurse plant, the native shrub Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, affects the growth of the t

247 ized ericoid (ERM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) shrub roots and occurred below the maximum rooting depth

248 ssembly of the W chromosome of the dioecious shrub Salix purpurea.

249 climate and growth for a dominant deciduous shrub, Salix pulchra, on the North Slope of Alaska, USA.

250 location dataset, a 568 km transect of field shrub sampling, and forecasted warming scenarios with re

251 the invasive range of two non-native lowland shrubs, Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) and Spanish bro

252 plex mosaic of fens, collapse-scar bogs, low shrub/scrub, and forests growing on elevated ice-rich pe

253 hen quantify contemporary patterns of shrub, shrub seedling and mammal abundances, and use structural

254 ults in suppressed abundance of consumers of shrub seeds and seedlings, rodents and rabbits respectiv

255 In contrast, shrubs showed an increasing response to precipitation th

256 We then quantify contemporary patterns of shrub, shrub seedling and mammal abundances, and use str

257 Three woody shrub species [cleyera (Ternstroemia gymnanthera Thunb.

258 eeline would be at the expense of meadow and shrub species and radically change this high-mountain ec

259 ly our pipeline to the South African endemic shrub species Berkheya cuneata to use the resulting esti

260 ees, whereas flowering of midstory trees and shrub species continued to increase with rising CO2 .

261 e xeric communities, with replacing tree and shrub species exhibiting drier bioclimatic optima and di

262 an economically important genus of tree and shrub species found in temperate regions of Asia, North

263 For 24 understory shrub species in seasonally dry subtropical coniferous p

264 With data from 13 understorey shrub species in subtropical coniferous plantations, we

265 There, high marsh fugitive and shrub species prevails.

266 f Betula glandulosa, a common North American shrub species, we evaluated the relative sensitivity of

267 wer soil pH post-clearance may have favoured shrub species, which are typically tolerant of acidic so

268 cm and 1 m in height, with no preference for shrub species.

269 n and an expansion of the range of deciduous shrub species.

270 d resource economy strategies of understorey shrub species.

271 biquitous trait possessed by the most common shrub species.

272 At a regional scale, shrub-steppe ecosystems-with drier climates and lower bi

273 reduced water-use efficiency we observed in shrubs subject to N addition.

274 ncreased across the transition from heath to shrub, suggesting that the action of ectomycorrhizal sym

275 armest treatment, with stronger responses in shrubs than in trees or graminoids.

276 erous plant Bupleurum spinosum (Apiaceae), a shrub that grows mainly in the Atlas Moroccan Mountains.

277 otch broom (Cytisus scoparius), a leguminous shrub that has become invasive around the world with con

278 Viburnum tinus is an evergreen shrub that is native to the Mediterranean region but cul

279 Larrea tridentata, a drought-tolerant desert shrub that withstands a wide range of environmental cond

280 Deciduous shrubs that were previously exposed to an extreme winter

281 lant community composition from grassland to shrub thicket alters the role of barrier islands in prod

282 As shrub thickets form, diversity is reduced with little gr

283 Shrub thickets significantly reduced temperature varianc

284 Among tall shrubs, those that disperse farthest had lowest inertia.

285 s indicate that the feedback allows juvenile shrubs to establish in the grassland during average year

286 pportunity to examine the response of desert shrubs to increasing temperature and water stress in a r

287 at the differential responses of grasses and shrubs to precipitation variability and the amplificatio

288 tion of dwarf birch (Betula, a thermophilous shrub) to 5.9 +/- 0.1 ka, ~3 ka after local deglaciation

289 extinction on islands, in the tropics and of shrubs, trees or species with narrow ranges are least li

290 forest (Betula pubescens), through deciduous shrub tundra (Betula nana) to tundra heaths (Empetrum ni

291 in permafrost thaw-front soil in tussock and shrub tundra communities.

292 ) climate-driven expansion of Herbaceous and Shrub vegetation (+7.4 +/- 2.0%) in the Arctic biome.

293 Shrub vegetation had the highest respiration rates, sugg

294 undra heath to higher-productivity deciduous shrub vegetation in the sub-Arctic may lead to a loss of

295 the second growing season of treatment, the shrub warming response rate increased to 2.54 km m(-2) d

296 rt small-leaved low-specific leaf area (SLA) shrubs with low K(s) in arid relative to tall large-leav

297 agellanica with cyanobacteria, and trees and shrubs with mycorrhizas, to be the key processes driving

298 DNA from all trees or shrubs within a 100-meter radius from the trap were coll

299 ures of bean (annual herb) and cotton (woody shrub) would be globally an order of magnitude higher th

300 ve alkaloid benzosimuline, isolated from the shrub Zanthoxylum simulans, is reported.