ライフサイエンスコーパス: sigma factor

1 ation and dissociation of the RNA polymerase sigma factor.

2 so called RpoS), the general stress response sigma factor.

3 romoter that is controlled by an alternative sigma factor.

4 the very rapid increase in the level of RpoS sigma factor.

5 nearby promoters in the case of retaining a sigma factor.

6 anscription of sigR, encoding an alternative sigma factor.

7 reinitiation, increases with supplement of a sigma factor.

8 out displacement of the promoter recognition sigma-factor.

9 show a protein interacting with the NCR of a sigma-factor.

10 egion characteristic of a new family of anti-sigma factors.

11 d by a cascade of alternative RNA polymerase sigma factors.

12 cialized stress responses involving multiple sigma factors.

13 omprises 41 direct interactions among all 13 sigma factors.

14 ii) distinct communities containing multiple sigma factors.

15 ologous promoters by expressing heterologous sigma factors.

16 ia requires specific promoter recognition by sigma factors.

17 s (TCSs) and extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors.

18 ing a unique network topology of interacting sigma factors.

19 and are involved in the interaction with the sigma factors.

20 ctors called extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors.

21 esent the largest and most diverse family of sigma factors.

22 ext of putative regulators of cyanobacterial sigma factors.

23 s increase the activity of other alternative sigma factors.

24 y to bind and unwind promoter DNA as primary sigma factors.

25 s selectively to group 1 and certain group 2 sigma-factors.

26 (NCR), which is present only in housekeeping sigma-factors.

27 gma-factors are negatively regulated by anti-sigma-factors.

28 sights that led to the original discovery of sigma factor 50 years ago and the subsequent discovery o

29 The alternative sigma factor 54 (sigma(54), RpoN), regulates many virule

30 V pilins, multiple extracytoplasmic function-sigma factors, a urease and a bile salt hydrolase.

31 ve feedback regulation insulates alternative sigma factor activity from competition with the housekee

32 igma-core interface to differentially affect sigma factor activity, and thereby alter the transcripti

33 ctivation for sub-groups of extracytoplasmic sigma factors adding to previous successes on bacterial

34 otein MucA, which sequesters the alternative sigma factor AlgU.

35 Rsm and SadB pathways, which converge in the sigma factor AlgU.

36 ve in the polar flagellum biosynthesis FliAP sigma factor also outcompeted WBWlacZ but not to the sam

37 ector between sigmaR2 and sigmaR4 of the ECF sigma factor-although shorter and unrelated in sequence-

38 RNAP in vivo and in vitro, independently of sigma factor and away from the main nucleic-acids-bindin

39 nd suggest a functional link between the ECF sigma factor and Phu heme uptake system.

40 otein, PhyR, which functions as an anti-anti-sigma factor and regulates transcription of genes requir

41 idy arises through mutation of the mucA anti-sigma factor and subsequent activation of the AlgU regul

42 a sequence-specific interactions between the sigma factor and the promoter DNA while moving downstrea

43 emerged as the largest group of alternative sigma factors and one of the three major pillars of sign

44 The RseA and RshA anti-sigma factors and the Zur and NrdR repressors were ident

45 single bacterial genome can encode > 100 ECF sigma factors, and combined with their cognate anti-sigm

46 ows the same path through RNAP as in primary sigma factors, and show that the ECF sigma factor uses t

47 d -35 promoter components specific to sigma (sigma) factors, and 5'-untranslated region as a determin

48 by a mechanism distinct from that of classic sigma factor antagonists (anti-sigma factors), which bin

49 ough proteolysis of three transmembrane anti-sigma factors, anti-SigK, -L, and -M, but there are also

50 nctiforme were hypothesized to encode an ECF sigma factor/anti-sigma factor pair.

51 ECF15 sigma factors are believed to be the master regulators o

52 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adapt

53 In bacteria, sigma factors are employed to mediate gene-specific expr

54 Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors are environmentally responsive transcripti

55 Although sigma factors are generally classified as initiation fac

56 Global gene regulators, including sigma factors are important in regulating mycobacterial

57 Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors are key transcriptional regulators that pr

58 In bacteria, RNAP-associated sigma factors are strictly required for promoter recogni

59 Bacterial sigma factors are subunits of RNA polymerase that direct

60 Although bacterial sigma factors are thought to be quite different from the

61 Sigma (sigma) factors are key regulatory proteins that control

62 Many alternative sigma-factors are negatively regulated by anti-sigma-fac

63 transcription initiation, while alternative sigma-factors are used to coordinate expression of addit

64 ma factors, the largest class of alternative sigma factors, are related to primary sigma factors, but

65 and the subsequent discovery of alternative sigma factors as a ubiquitous mechanism of bacterial gen

66 In bacteria, a primary sigma-factor associates with the core RNA polymerase (RN

67 n, crtOPQMN, but is epistatic to alternative sigma factor B.

68 f transcription was positively influenced by sigma factor B.

69 native sigma factors, are related to primary sigma factors, but have simpler structures, comprising o

70 cription requires recognition of appropriate sigma-factors by the core enzyme (core2: alpha2betabeta'

71 ance mechanisms using a group of alternative sigma factors called extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sig

72 gs establish a mechanism whereby the primary sigma factor can exert direct effects on the composition

73 In bacteria, multiple sigma factors compete to associate with the RNA polymera

74 n all mucoid strains tested, indicating that sigma factor competition can regulate mucoidy.

75 the absence of either component of the anti-sigma factor complex leads to toxic levels of SigM and s

76 tial expression of extracytoplasmic function sigma factors, components of the type IX secretion syste

77 In Streptococcus mutans, the alternative sigma factor ComX controls entry into genetic competence

78 ring competence development, the alternative sigma factor ComX is activated, which in turn, initiates

79 The bacterial sigma factors confer promoter specificity to the RNA pol

80 ivating sigma(70) -dependent and alternative sigma factor-dependent genes required for stress surviva

81 and protein-DNA interactions involved in ECF-sigma-factor-dependent transcription initiation.

82 onally regulates the general stress response sigma factor differently than what was described for oth

83 This induction is, in part, dependent on sigma factor E.

84 pecificity code of extracytoplasmic function sigma factors (ECF sigmas), a major family of bacterial

85 obacterial genomes typically encode multiple sigma factors, effective execution of metabolic engineer

86 0 degrees C by overexpressing the heat shock sigma factor encoded by the rpoH gene.

87 studies on how gene regulatory proteins and sigma factors exert control of gene expression in B. bur

88 Conversely, significant changes in specific sigma factor expression were only observed upon adaptati

89 of cell motility through the control of FliA sigma factor expression.

90 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synech

91 to the assembly state by control of the anti-sigma factor FlgM.

92 PbifA promoter is dependent on the flagellar sigma factor FliA, and positively regulated by ppGpp and

93 ivity from competition with the housekeeping sigma factor for RNA polymerase and allows multiple stre

94 Like the anti-sigma factors for several other ECF sigma factors, RsiV

95 f transcription initiation requires a sigma (sigma) factor for promoter recognition and opening.

96 tified it as a member of the ECF15 family of sigma factors found only in alphaproteobacteria.

97 FoxI) is inhibited by the transmembrane anti-sigma factor FoxR.

98 eaving Pro-sigma(K) and releasing the active sigma factor from a membrane.

99 out displacement of the promoter recognition sigma factor from the core enzyme.

100 involves signalling through the alternative sigma factor FroR, and does not require known surface se

101 ional control in B. burgdorferi, and address sigma factor function and specificity, we developed an i

102 tuberculosis pathogenesis, we targeted a key sigma factor gene, sigL, activated in mycobacterium-infe

103 egions to different transcription factor and sigma-factor genes, resulting in perturbations that span

104 genes and in the transcriptional control of sigma-factor genes.

105 eptor HasR is required for activation of the sigma factor HasI and upregulation of has operon express

106 blotting, we show that the activation of the sigma factor HasI requires heme release from the hemopho

107 Bacterial extracytoplasmic function sigma factors have emerged as an important group of sign

108 om the rrn promoter by both the housekeeping sigma factor holoenzyme (Esigma(70) ) and the stress sig

109 ctor holoenzyme (Esigma(70) ) and the stress sigma factor holoenzyme (Esigma(S) ) in vitro, but has a

110 alignments of CsrR orthologs and other anti-sigma factors identified a CsrR-specific region characte

111 We present the first analysis of an ECF15 sigma factor in a vector-borne human pathogen and conclu

112 Here we establish that the primary sigma factor in Escherichia coli, sigma(70), can functio

113 However, the primary sigma factor in Escherichia coli, sigma(70), can remain

114 This review outlines the prospects of sigma factor in metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria,

115 ls an unprecedented role for a transcription sigma factor in spatially coordinating the negative feed

116 of sigX, encoding the only known alternative sigma factor in streptococci.

117 s a homologue of RpoE, which is the only ECF sigma factor in the organism.

118 ulatory interactions between M. tuberculosis sigma factors in an E. coli model system, validation of

119 -enabled insights into the vast diversity of sigma factors in bacteria.

120 Due to the significant role of sigma factors in bacterial metabolism, their rational en

121 Despite the central role of alternative sigma factors in bacterial stress response and virulence

122 NAs coding for RNA polymerase components and sigma factors in dry seeds.

123 To better decipher the role of sigma factors in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis pathog

124 ntrols the activity of one or more of the 28 sigma factors in M. smegmatis.

125 ork was to determine the role of alternative sigma factors in the stress response of V. parahaemolyti

126 onse to environmental or developmental cues, sigma factors initiate the transcription of necessary ge

127 polymerase (RNAP) binding to a promoter, the sigma factor initiates DNA strand separation and capture

128 RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme containing sigma factor initiates transcription at specific promote

129 say to test how gene regulatory proteins and sigma factors interact with RNA polymerase to direct tra

130 Since the major and major variant sigma factor interacting surfaces in the RNAP substantia

131 The sigma factor is a functionally obligatory subunit of the

132 The RpoE sigma factor is essential for the viability of Escherich

133 The availability or activity of the sigma factor is regulated by complex regulatory circuits

134 Region 4 of the sigma70-family primary sigma factors is commonly used by transcription factors

135 d and the hydrolysis of periplasmic CSS anti-sigma factors is widely observed, we hypothesize that cl

136 codes sigma(V), an extracytoplasmic function sigma factor, is induced by lysozyme, which damages the

137 To determine the contribution of the sigma factors K, L, and M to the Deltarip1 attenuation p

138 bridges between the Rip1 PDZ domain and anti-sigma factor M (Anti-SigM), a Rip1 substrate, but not An

139 The interaction with sigma factors may explain how RbpA stabilizes sigma subu

140 eeds through the partner-switching PhyR-EcfG sigma-factor mechanism and is involved in multiple life

141 ytoplasmic function sigma factor (MibX)/anti-sigma factor (MibW) complex and an additional transcript

142 a pathway-specific extracytoplasmic function sigma factor (MibX)/anti-sigma factor (MibW) complex and

143 es a contiguously located putative anti-anti-sigma factor, MSMEG_6127.

144 Here we report the role of a predicted anti-sigma factor, MSMEG_6129 and a predicted eukaryotic like

145 lity of catalase and general stress response sigma factor mutants confirmed the synergy of the three

146 loroplast transcription in photoreceptor and sigma factor mutants under controlled light regimes in A

147 s governed by an alternative transcriptional sigma factor named sigma(S) (RpoS) that associates with

148 e organized into three regulons based on the sigma factor needed for their transcription (RpoD [sigma

149 uding the sigma factor sigma(EcfG), its anti-sigma factor NepR, and the anti-anti-sigma factor PhyR.

150 nsically disordered region (IDR) of the anti-sigma factor, NepR, by solution NMR spectroscopy.

151 The layout and deployment of such a sigma factor network directly impacts global transcripti

152 he operational, and functional states of the sigma factor network in Geobacter sulfurreducens, reveal

153 he interplay between different levels of the sigma factor network organization is fundamental to char

154 res show that sigmaR2 and sigmaR4 of the ECF sigma factor occupy the same sites on RNAP as in primary

155 RpoS, the stationary phase/stress sigma factor of Escherichia coli, regulates a large coho

156 tablishes a model in which the activity of a sigma factor of group ECF56, regulates morphogenesis and

157 point mutations in genes encoding the major sigma factor of RNA polymerase (sigA), a cell shape-dete

158 hiD interacts with domain 4 of the principal sigma factor of Streptomyces, sigma(HrdB) (sigma(HrdB) (

159 aL_2 domain, which is characteristic for ECF sigma factors of group ECF56.

160 Because extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors often regulate adaptation to environmental

161 The coiled-coil is a docking site for sigma factors on RNA polymerase, and evidence is present

162 othesized to encode an ECF sigma factor/anti-sigma factor pair.

163 egulation and coregulation of sigma and anti-sigma factor pairs, provides structural information that

164 ts anti-sigma factor NepR, and the anti-anti-sigma factor PhyR.

165 ic event, which is widespread among CSS anti-sigma factors, produces two distinct domains that intera

166 economical and exquisite control of the ECF sigma factor protein level for the proper cell different

167 overy of the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors, proteins that subsequently emerged as the

168 Expression of alternative sigma factors provides a powerful mechanism to control t

169 hibits the expression of the iron-starvation sigma-factor PvdS, thereby repressing the production of

170 flexible native omega plays a direct role in sigma-factor recruitment.

171 six conserved functional modules in primary sigma factors: region 2 (sigmaR2) and region 4 (sigmaR4)

172 omponent signal transduction and alternative sigma factor regulation to control transcription of gene

173 d further characterization of the members of sigma factor regulatory circuits.

174 Here we reconstruct the complete sigma factor regulatory network of the human pathogen My

175 ructure-function relationship of alternative sigma factor regulatory networks.

176 an uncharacterized extracytoplasmic function sigma factor regulon, an event that has been reported to

177 5 components enables us to predict potential sigma-factor regulons, along with various spacer lengths

178 ECF sigma factors represent the largest and most diverse fam

179 romoters, recognized by RpoN, RpoD, and RpoS sigma factors, respectively.

180 ved in transcription and translation such as sigma factor, ribosomal protein and tRNA genes.

181 In these species, Sigma factor RpoD (sigma(70)), Integration Host Factor,

182 A), and 3) a reduced expression of the major sigma factor RpoD (sigma(70)).

183 the promoter specificity of the housekeeping sigma factor RpoD to promoters encoding previously ident

184 that a previously unstudied B. quintana ECF sigma factor, RpoE, is involved in the transition from t

185 the extracytoplasmic function RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoE2 consensus sequences displayed a sharp

186 Neisseria elongata as a model, we show that Sigma factor RpoN (sigma(54)), Integration Host Factor,

187 Sigma factor RpoN was found to negatively regulate ampR

188 4/-12 promoter recognized by the alternative sigma factor RpoN.

189 The alternative sigma factor RpoN/sigma-54 is a global regulator that co

190 The alternative sigma factor, RpoN (sigma(54)), regulates many virulence

191 trikingly, overproduction of the alternative sigma factor rpoS and of the regulatory gene gadE result

192 The alternative sigma factor RpoS is critical for natural transformation

193 n Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the alternative sigma factor RpoS plays a central role during Bb's adapt

194 the stationary phase by the stationary-phase sigma factor RpoS, which was also reduced dramatically u

195 stress, partly through stabilization of the sigma factor RpoS.

196 alling was found to interact with the stress sigma factor RpoS.

197 did not require the transporter GadC, or the sigma factor RpoS.

198 ein OspC, likely via the central alternative sigma factor RpoS.

199 ly under the control of the stationary-phase sigma factor RpoS.

200 e translation of the general stress response sigma factor RpoS.

201 te expression of the general stress response sigma factor, RpoS, through direct interactions with an

202 s partially mediated by the stationary phase sigma factor, RpoS, which was also shown to positively r

203 its anti-sigma factor RsbW and the anti-anti-sigma factor RsbV plays a critical role in shaping the n

204 RsbU and RsbP phosphatases or the anti-anti-sigma factor RsbV, all of which contribute to posttransl

205 y of the synthesis rates of sigmaB, its anti-sigma factor RsbW and the anti-anti-sigma factor RsbV pl

206 between c-di-GMP, sigma(WhiG), and its anti-sigma factor, RsiG.

207 is, that in an eep deletion mutant, the anti-sigma factor RsiV is only partially degraded after lysoz

208 f sigma(V) is normally inhibited by the anti-sigma factor RsiV, a transmembrane protein.

209 the anti-sigma factors for several other ECF sigma factors, RsiV is degraded by a multistep proteolyt

210 the proteins purified, the SigT cognate anti-sigma factor RstA ranked the top with the most total ind

211 occupy the same sites on RNAP as in primary sigma factors, show that the connector between sigmaR2 a

212 ion of genes for the nuclear encoded plastid sigma-factors, SIG1-6, which code for components of the

213 Transcripts encoding the sigma factor SIG5 are regulated by light and the circadi

214 sis are known to interact with its principal sigma factor SigA.

215 lls, phenotypes regulated by the alternative sigma factor SigD.

216 The RNA polymerase sigma factor SigF controls late development during sporu

217 ated genes in the regulon of the alternative sigma-factor SigF.

218 Additionally, a sigma factor (SigL) and global regulators (CcpA, CodY, a

219 Bacillus subtilis extracytoplasmic function sigma factor SigM regulates genes for cell wall synthesi

220 polymerase holoenzyme with the housekeeping sigma factor sigma(70).

221 the activity of the general stress response sigma factor sigma(B) in individual cells during biofilm

222 stress response (GSR) system, including the sigma factor sigma(EcfG), its anti-sigma factor NepR, an

223 of the alternative extracytoplasmic function sigma factor sigma(EcfG), which redirects transcription

224 roduced under the control of the sporulation sigma factor sigma(F) to create a negative feedback loop

225 r gene through the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor sigma(FoxI).

226 ilis D gene was controlled by RNA polymerase sigma factor sigma(G).

227 Here, we show that the alternative sigma factor sigma(I) is essential in the absence of aPB

228 s RNA polymerase (RNAP), M. tuberculosis ECF sigma factor sigma(L), and promoter DNA.

229 rA utilizes its hydrophobic core to bind the sigma factor sigma(R) preventing its association with RN

230 led by the major stationary phase and stress sigma factor sigma(S) (RpoS), and also indirectly regula

231 he rpoS gene, which encodes a general stress sigma factor sigma(S), as a model system, and show that

232 hese sectors for the general stress response sigma factor sigma(S).

233 iation network by the regulator BldD and the sigma factor sigma(WhiG) .

234 ezuelae through sequestering the sporulation sigma factor sigma(WhiG) and presents the crystal struct

235 to facilitate competition of the alternative sigma factor sigma(X) for access to core polymerase.

236 proteins, and the second on the alternative sigma factor sigma(X), which directs the expression of t

237 ubtilis, the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors sigma(M) , sigma(W) and sigma(X) all contr

238 ng domains to activate the mRNAs of both the sigma-factor sigma(S) and the RicI protein, a previously

239 The major variant sigma factor (sigma(54)) initially forms a transcription

240 ed for formation of a complex with the major sigma factor (sigma(A)) and reaction with NO disassemble

241 ng elevated expression of the general stress sigma factor (sigma(B)) regulon, which is required for C

242 to bind and sequester a sporulation-specific sigma factor (sigma(WhiG)).

243 regulator, SigX (sigma(Chi)), an alternative sigma factor (sigma), and a competence co-regulator, Com

244 showed a decrease in binding affinity to the sigma-factors (sigma(70), sigma(32) and sigma(38)) compa

245 in triggering dissociation of the alternate sigma factor, sigma(28), from a nonfunctional sigma(28)-

246 coli, the HSR is regulated by an alternative sigma factor, sigma(32) , which is encoded by the rpoH g

247 The major variant sigma factor, sigma(54), has a specific role in stress r

248 RNAP containing the major variant bacterial sigma factor, sigma(54), with its cognate promoter.

249 Although sigma(54) and the major sigma factor, sigma(70), have similar functional domains

250 n target the activity of the major bacterial sigma factor, sigma(70).

251 The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor, sigma(E) , is a key regulator of the cell

252 The E. coli alternative sigma factor, sigma(E) , transcribes genes required to m

253 One alternative sigma factor, sigma(N), is unique in its structure and f

254 enus Streptococcus depends on an alternative sigma factor, sigma(X), for coordinated synthesis of 23

255 by two distinct classes of sequence-specific sigma factors, sigma(70) or sigma(54), that differ both

256 in complex with domain 2 of the housekeeping sigma-factor, sigma(A).

257 Domain 1.1 of primary sigma factors (sigma1.1) prevents their binding to promo

258 erminal domain of the sigma70-family primary sigma factor sigmaA of M. tuberculosis containing the co

259 The key players in this process, sigma factors (sigmas), associate with the catalytic cor

260 Using a sigma factor SigT from S. coelicolor as a model, we succ

261 Unlike other anti-sigma factors, site-1 cleavage of RsiV is not dependent

262 fascinating biological problems (alternative sigma factors, sporulation, swarming, biofilm formation,

263 tions, all within rpoD, encoding the primary sigma factor subunit of RNA polymerase, sigma(A).

264 h encodes an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor system.

265 t encodes an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor system.

266 Among seven sigma factors tested, RpoD from Lactobacillus plantarum

267 The wild type AlgU is a stress-related sigma factor that activates transcription of alginate bi

268 duction as well as the activity of AlgU, the sigma factor that controls MucD expression.

269 gma(V) is an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor that is found exclusively in Firmicutes inc

270 e 5'-triphosphate of the nascent RNA and the sigma factor that may function to stabilize the short RN

271 Sigma B (sigma(B)) is an alternative sigma factor that regulates the general stress response

272 RsrA is an archetypal zinc-binding anti-sigma factor that responds to disulfide stress in the cy

273 bacteria, sigma(28) is the flagella-specific sigma factor that targets RNA polymerase (RNAP) to contr

274 esults explain how Crl distinguishes between sigma factors that are largely homologous and activates

275 Bacteria utilize multiple sigma factors that associate with core RNA polymerase (R

276 d from analyzing ChrR, a zinc-dependent anti-sigma factor, that are generally applicable to Group IV

277 the general stress response is a specialized sigma factor, the promoter specificity subunit of RNA po

278 Extracytoplasmic (ECF) sigma factors, the largest class of alternative sigma fa

279 of the best-studied examples of alternative sigma factors: the sigmaB network that controls the gene

280 actors, and combined with their cognate anti-sigma factors, they represent a modular design that prim

281 ma factors), which bind directly to a target sigma factor to prevent its association with RNA polymer

282 concerning the light environment by a single sigma factor to regulate chloroplast transcription.

283 gative regulator of RpoE that sequesters the sigma factor to regulate gene expression based on condit

284 Bacteria use alternative sigma factors to adapt to different growth and stress co

285 Bacteria use multiple sigma factors to coordinate gene expression in response

286 or RNA polymerase and allows multiple stress sigma factors to function simultaneously with little com

287 Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) requires sigma factors to recognize promoter sequences.

288 P. aeruginosa has multiple sigma factors to regulate transcription.

289 ce of unstructured omega, the association of sigma-factors to the core is less efficient, suggesting

290 AS-regulated extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor, to couple the secretory activity of the T3

291 atory categories-including stress-associated sigma factors, transcription factors, and toxin-antitoxi

292 primary sigma factors, and show that the ECF sigma factor uses the same strategy to bind and unwind p

293 plasmic function (ECF) family of alternative sigma factors: VP0055, VP2210, VP2358, VP2578, and VPA16

294 We have demonstrated here that one such sigma factor, VP2578, a homologue of RpoE from Escherich

295 RpoE is a sigma factor which, in other bacteria, responds to oxida

296 at of classic sigma factor antagonists (anti-sigma factors), which bind directly to a target sigma fa

297 Accessory sigma factors, which reprogram RNA polymerase to transcr

298 wo stress responses that depend on bacterial sigma factors with different mode of transcription initi

299 he activity of SigM is regulated by its anti-sigma factor, YhdL, and the accessory protein YhdK.

300 promoter escape model using a two-component sigma factor YvrI and YvrHa from Bacillus subtilis that