ライフサイエンスコーパス: silica

1 world are exposed to respirable crystalline silica.

2 ures to generate micro and nano particles of silica.

3 d hydroxylated and functionalized nanoporous silica.

4 arison to standard protocols with mesoporous silica.

5 ic sites consisting of oxygen bridges of the silica.

6 caused by exposure to respirable crystalline silica.

7 propylmethyl-co-dimethylsiloxane), PGDMS, on silica.

8 J m(-3) ), which is 40% higher over that of (silica) = 0.15.

9 the printability can be further extended to (silica) = 0.20 via a heating module with lower shear rat

10 -cyclooctadiene) on partially dehydroxylated silica (1@SiO(2)).

11 We hypothesize that active, high silica accumulation was not ancestral for embryophytes,

12 The crucial technique is to use the silica, acting as a support and ligand, to modify the co

13 This novel mixture is immobilised in silica aerogel and applied as a coating to a UV LED to d

14 to 530 m(2) g(-1), and that of nickel-doped silica aerogel varies from 240 to 310 m(2) g(-1) with ni

15 In this work, the synthesis of silica aerogels and nickel-doped silica aerogels by a lo

16 Silica aerogels are low density solids with high surface

17 Silica aerogels are produced by ambient drying using amm

18 ynthesis of silica aerogels and nickel-doped silica aerogels by a low energy budget process is demons

19 reducing nickel ions within pre-synthesised silica aerogels.

20 ed into inter-penetrated polymer networks of silica-alginate (SiO(2)-ALG).

21 2)) nanoparticulate thin films fabricated on silica and Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) substrates using femto

22 id nanoparticle (SMOF NP) consisting of both silica and zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF).

23 y converting dissolved silicon into biogenic silica, and photosynthetically fixing carbon dioxide int

24 rsions over microporous zeolites, mesoporous silicas, and nanostructured metals/metal oxides.

25 trengths comparable to transparent polymers, silica- and soda-lime glasses.

26 adsorbed ions tune the hydrophobicity of the silica-aqueous interface by shifting the structural make

27 At the silica-aqueous interface, the TICT fluorescence disappea

28 nd the strong interactions between amine and silica are identified to be key elements for high robust

29 d hydrazide (INAH) chemically modified fumed silica, as a novel adsorbent, was designed for the preco

30 of the various forms of silicosis and other silica-associated diseases.

31 Silica at depths greater than 300 km may be present in t

32 solution saturated with respect to amorphous silica at pH = 9, room temperature and under anoxic cond

33 Silica-based distributed fiber-optic sensor (DFOS) syste

34 Novel silica-based infiltrations on the surface of zirconia ha

35 ped luminescent SPION (EuSPION) core and the silica-based intrinsically emitting shell of the core-sh

36 of water (D(2)O) nanoconfined in architected silica-based matrices including Vycor glass and mesoporo

37 metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, silica-based nanomaterials, conducting polymers based na

38 eliminates the need for specially engineered silica-based support materials that have so far been nec

39 n system consisting of a cartridge of porous silica beads (Davisil(R)) functionalized with 1,2-hydrox

40 chip size-selective trapping of amplicons on silica beads (~8 nL capture chamber) coupled with a thin

41 By incorporating silica beads in the microreactors, the surface area of t

42 asily accessible capturing approach based on silica binding peptide (SBP) for direct immobilization o

43 modality in a panel of variants of the Car9 silica-binding peptide (DSARGFKKPGKR) fused to the C-ter

44 Vs precluded accumulation of the acidotropic silica biomineralization marker PDMPO.

45 compared structures of chemically extracted silica bodies (phytoliths) to silicified and nonsilicifi

46 a structural heterogeneity of the different silica bodies in situ, as well as different compositions

47 by the dilution of the intrinsic protons of silica, but can be of interest also when dealing with ot

48 ng to the formation of 2D superstructures of silica cages, the thinnest mesoporous silica films synth

49 electrodes modified with carbon ink or fumed silica can compete with the oxidation of mediators by mi

50 using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and fused silica capillaries is demonstrated for neutral, cationic

51 implemented using a 10 cm total length fused-silica capillary (50 mum i.d., 80 mum o.d.) combined wit

52 By attaching a fused silica capillary emitter to a vibrating glass slide, imp

53 ughened part of the inner surface of a fused silica capillary prepared by etching with supercritical

54 ated or untreated inner surface of the fused silica capillary was developed based on the determinatio

55 ayer polyelectrolyte coatings and bare fused silica capillary.

56 te needle (tip size ~ 15 um) through a fused silica capillary.

57 a pulled glass capillary needle with a fused silica capillary.

58 olecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) coated on silica-carbon quantum dots (SiCQDs).

59 proposed catalytic cycle for tantalum-doped silica catalysts reveals surprising similarities as the

60 nt of organic SDA needed to crystallize high-silica CHA.

61 roups have been identified at the surface of silica, characterized by a high O-H stretch vibrational

62 eparation, and detection features on a fused silica chip in a dead volume-free manner, all extra-colu

63 These results reveal that silica cloaking of Ad can enhance viral gene delivery wh

64 by tailor fitting individual proteins with a silica coat using a modified sol-gel process.

65 "TOP" nanosensors are based on 100 nm-sized silica-coated polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) doped w

66 periments using two solution chemistries and silica collectors with different degrees of chemical het

67 We validated the TPW for silica columns and magnetic beads by demonstrating signi

68 ious functional groups incorporated into the silica component.

69 n a set of experimental data from a lysozyme-silica composite.

70 lination of brackish groundwater due to high silica concentrations.

71 200 nm) and more negative particles (such as silica) conferring enhanced permeability.

72 ect, nonoxidative conversion of methane on a silica-confined single-atom iron catalyst is a landmark

73 e the latter undermines estimates of crustal silica content inferred from terrigenous sediments.

74 Grasses are well known for their high silica content, a trait which has important implications

75 hy grass, and bamboo with distinct phytolith/silica contents (lucerne < grass < bamboo).

76 ciceptors and incorporated into a mesoporous silica core for release in the acidic and reducing endos

77 showing good adhesion of the polymer to the silica core.

78 d section of a multimode optical fiber fused silica core.

79 tribute importantly to carbon, nitrogen, and silica cycling in modern terrestrial communities.

80 h anthropogenic climate change may influence silica deposition in grasses and, by extension, alter th

81 biosynthesis involving acidification of the silica deposition vesicle (SDV) by V-type H(+) ATPase (V

82 unced, reduced water treatment also promoted silica deposition, with slightly stronger response in dr

83 CPMG permitted to suppress the amorphous silica-derived signal, benefitting from the extremely lo

84 The electrochemical reduction of bulk silica, due to its high electrical resistance, is of lim

85 when cells were exposed to a combination of silica dust and ox-LDL.

86 This toxic activity of silica dusts is extremely variable depending on their so

87 ficance such as the production of silicon by silica electro-deoxidation, the formation of photoactive

88 requirement of high temperature toward bulk silica electrochemical reduction, they redefine for sili

89 peptides were ionized using an etched fused-silica emitter capable of stable operation at the ~20 nL

90 s are carried out with both the free and the silica-encapsulated SPION nanoparticles with and without

91 isease associations and the joint effects of silica exposure and smoking on risk of lung cancer.

92 Supermultiplicative interaction of silica exposure and smoking was observed on overall lung

93 s associated with low levels of occupational silica exposure and the joint effects of smoking and sil

94 ive job-exposure matrix was used to estimate silica exposure by occupation, time period, and geograph

95 cognize and control the risk associated with silica exposure in contemporary work practices such as s

96 and all three included subtypes.Conclusions: Silica exposure is associated with lung cancer at low ex

97 xposure and the joint effects of smoking and silica exposure on lung cancer risks.Methods: Subjects f

98 Increasing cumulative silica exposure was associated (P trend < 0.01) with inc

99 ate a flexible hydrogel fiber to replace the silica fiber, and the fiber's tip was functionalized wit

100 we observe how the presence of monodispersed silica filler particles in a methacrylate based resin re

101 undamental mode in a 2-mum-thick, 25-mm-long silica film, achieved by modifying the field's spatio-te

102 res of silica cages, the thinnest mesoporous silica films synthesized to date.

103 ale pores of surfactant-templated mesoporous silica films.

104 ts were exposed by inhalation to Min-U-Sil 5 silica for 3, 6, or 12 wk at a concentration of 15 mg/m(

105 getically favorable moiety at the surface of silica for establishing interactions with cell membrane

106 es more active than the Y sites supported on silica, for which the Y site is similar to that in Y-SiO

107 former complicates efforts to infer crustal silica from compatible or incompatible element abundance

108 Water-filled TAF-clad fused-silica (FS) tubes show the lowest attenuation across the

109 3) DCM extract with hydrocarbons isolated by silica gel cleanup (DCM-SGC).

110 solated by an in-house packed small particle silica gel SPE and analyzed by GC-FID.

111 After a strategic investigation, silica gel was discovered to be the cause of the byprodu

112 r irradiance, and desiccant materials (e.g., silica gel, zeolite, metal organic frameworks).

113 6-99%) after a simple filtration on a pad of silica gel.

114 tion of trace amounts of quartz in amorphous silica gels by NMR spectroscopy was developed and tested

115 e to its miniature size, biocompatibility of silica glass and reflector less set up.

116 Laser irradiation of silica glass is shown to trigger redistribution of mater

117 ons are mediated by surface roughness out of silica glass material, form an essential step toward the

118 For over 50 years, pure or doped silica glass optical fibres have been an unrivalled plat

119 o-crystalline ratios of the annealed sol-gel silica glass structures.

120 served in association with relict quartz and silica glass within inclusions surrounded by a froth lay

121 Hybrid silica-gold based sensors show attractive performance in

122 Occupational exposure to silica has been observed to cause pulmonary fibrosis and

123 emonstrate that at a buried interface, where silica has grown on highly conductive Si(110) crystal fa

124 symmetries, while open network liquids like silica have a structural order with tetrahedral symmetry

125 zation of previously inaccessible mesoporous silica heterostructures with separation or catalytic pro

126 evelopments on sensing devices based on gold-silica hybrid materials and discussing their interest in

127 lled frustules, are main sources of biogenic silica in the ocean and their intricate morphology is an

128 The micro-silica inclusion resulted in a decreased long-term calci

129 s could attenuate and resolve bleomycin- and silica-induced fibrosis by reestablishing normal alveola

130 The sol-gel silica infiltration method requires improvement to obtai

131 trong electric fields present at the aqueous-silica interface and surface-induced changes to DMABN's

132 benzonitrile (DMABN) adsorbed to the aqueous-silica interface in order to identify how strongly assoc

133 Although silica is a confirmed human lung carcinogen, little is k

134 Silica is also a critical material for a wide range of t

135 nding of Car9 to the silanol-rich surface of silica is dominated by electrostatic contributions and a

136 in which individual proteins are coated with silica is followed by a subsequent stage (several minute

137 bide (2D-Mo(2)CO(x)) nanosheets dispersed on silica is found vital for imparting high stability and c

138 sation of an inherently disordered amorphous silica is guided by a highly ordered proteinaceous scaff

139 While silica is hydrophilic, weakly hydrogen-bonded OH groups

140 The structure of water adjacent to silica is sensitive to the degree of deprotonation of su

141 Here, mesoporous silica is synthesized at an interface between two immisc

142 Silica is the most abundant component on the earth's sur

143 polyaniline/graphene oxide/octadecyl-bonded silica magnetite (PANI/GOx/C18-SiO(2)-Fe(3)O(4)) alginat

144 eight (m/z 200-1000) by modified aminopropyl silica (MAPS) fractionation, we found that active BES re

145 ials consist of UVM-7 supports (a mesoporous silica material) modified with diverse functional groups

146 s were performed on two groups of mesoporous silica materials, which allows to separate pore size eff

147 n oxide nanoparticles embedded in mesoporous silica matrix.

148 diacetoxytetraindole with base followed by a silica-mediated autoxidation, a distinct cascade process

149 s hydrophilic payloads using a pH-responsive silica-metal-organic framework hybrid nanoparticle (SMOF

150 , from orthorhombic ( Pnma), typical of high silica MFI, to monoclinic ( P21/ n), as well as an expan

151 probes immobilized on the inner surface of a silica micro-capillary, and then when the detection prob

152 )) and chi((3)) nonlinearities in a deformed silica microcavity.

153 are composed of individual high-aspect-ratio silica microrods loaded with soluble mitogenic cues and

154 Silica microspheres covalently coupled with a high densi

155 of carboxyfluorescein covalently coupled to silica microspheres shows an inverse shift in fluorescen

156 To fabricate such probes, silica microspheres were coated with a nanocrystalline d

157 m(II) dication immobilized on alkali-treated silica microspheres, interrogated with a dedicated fiber

158 added to glucose and lysine or asparagine in silica model systems to mimic water activity present in

159 Here, we combine ultrasmall (about 10 nm) silica nanocages with digital light processing technique

160 LM to generate 3D super-resolution images of silica nanocracks.

161 ach to synthesize water-resistant perovskite@silica nanodots keeping their emission in water for over

162 -photon random laser based on the perovskite@silica nanodots powder could still operate after the nan

163 strate a ratiometrically designed mesoporous silica nanoformulation with synergistic efficacy in subc

164 Here, a liposome-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticle (lipoMSN) is reported as an effectiv

165 A biofriendly MRgHIFU-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) platform that is stimulated wi

166 of a SPION in suspension and in a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) will advance the design of hyp

167 ressure (STP) is established by resin with a silica nanoparticle mass fraction ( (silica) ) of 0.15.

168 t toughening the interface with roughened or silica-nanoparticle coated ITO surface significantly imp

169 ecularly imprinted polymer on the surface of silica nanoparticles (core@mMIP) to be applied as adsorb

170 ntext, nanomaterials, particularly dye-doped silica nanoparticles (DDSNPs) are of high interest, sinc

171 Anti-IgG antibody conjugated FITC-doped silica nanoparticles (FITC@SiO(2)-NH(2)-anti-IgGNPs) use

172 140 can be prepared inside hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) to result in nanomaterials

173 ed gadolinium onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) producing gadolinium-loaded

174 perimental binding affinities with synthetic silica nanoparticles (SNPs) at residue-level resolution,

175 Despite increasing reports of using silica nanoparticles (SNPs) for controlled drug delivery

176 ed one-year toxicity of non-surface modified silica nanoparticles (SNPs) with variations in size and

177 is approach using ultraporous mesostructured silica nanoparticles (UMNs).

178 Recently, ultrasmall silica nanoparticles (USSN), which have gained increasin

179 ral minutes) in which the protein-containing silica nanoparticles aggregate into larger clusters.

180 copy that directly captures the occlusion of silica nanoparticles and highlights the prevalent role o

181 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are advantageous for intraperitonea

182 or accumulation using MCM-41 type mesoporous silica nanoparticles as our model system.

183 n breast cancer cells loaded with mesoporous silica nanoparticles concentrating the (68)Ga radioisoto

184 In healthy mice, silica nanoparticles enabled the oral delivery of insuli

185 A multi-layer process to produce dual scale silica nanoparticles films, by using different functiona

186 results can inform the potential utility of silica nanoparticles in biomedical applications such as

187 ts of layered growth reveal that undissolved silica nanoparticles in the synthesis medium can incorpo

188 al samples were treated with the fluorescent silica nanoparticles no interaction with healthy tissue

189 With a model material of functionalized silica nanoparticles suspended in a poly(dimethylsiloxan

190 o recover from acute tissue toxic effects of silica nanoparticles upon single dose intravenous admini

191 , we have also studied the formation of TTCF-silica nanoparticles via time-resolved Small Angle X-ray

192 ing emulsion is fabricated from Pd-supported silica nanoparticles, azobenzene ionic liquid surfactant

193 olanthanum complexes supported on mesoporous silica nanoparticles, La{C(SiHMe(2))(3)}(n)@MSNs, cataly

194 ed and biotinylated [Ru(bpy)(3) ](2+) -doped silica nanoparticles, named bio-Triton@RuNP and bio-Igep

195 otassium indicator is embedded in mesoporous silica nanoparticles, which are shielded by an ultrathin

196 ydrogel fibre made from polyacrylic acid and silica nanoparticles.

197 t activation following incubation with these silica nanoparticles.

198 y of assays based on the use of biotinylated silica-nanoparticles (biotin-Si-NPs).

199 a clinical trial in which laser-excited gold-silica nanoshells (GSNs) were used in combination with m

200 e fluorescence of red-emitting QDs embedding silica nanospheres.

201 1990s, the synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) silica nanostructures remains challenging.

202 itin in the presence of anionic and cationic silica NPs (SNPs) of different sizes.

203 Hybridization of AuNPs with silica NPs as a material with unique characteristic comp

204 on of the synthetic dyes after adsorption on silica NPs besides it could be a promising agent with po

205 efficiency was recorded for the LPO modified silica NPs in the presence of H(2)O(2) comparing with ei

206 The current study indicated that silica NPs were able to induce conformational modificati

207 f H(2)O(2) comparing with either free LPO or silica NPs.

208 urfaces to generate defects (i.e., amorphous silica occlusions) that largely go undetected in literat

209 with a silica nanoparticle mass fraction ( (silica) ) of 0.15.

210 ane surface and deep in the membrane matrix, silica only formed on the membrane surface in the form o

211 membranes are stacked and placed on a thin, silica optical fiber for optical excitation and detectio

212 IP immunoglobulin G (IgG) was deposited on a silica optical fiber surface previously functionalized w

213 mily of silanols as the major determinant of silica particle toxicity.

214 Quantifying silica particle uptake indicated that >80% of the inject

215 Inhalation of silica particles can induce inflammatory lung reactions

216 hree microheaters and subsequently switching silica particles into different outlets.

217 n Pickering emulsions stabilised solely with silica particles of different hydrophobicity.

218 firmed with pyrogenic and vitreous amorphous silica particles, and industrial quartz samples with non

219 lymerization of silicic acid and gelation of silica particles, which were less intrusive and had a mi

220 er important interfacial processes involving silica particles.

221 composition and structure within individual silica particles.

222 l surfaces of reversed-phase chromatographic silica particles.

223 hin film composed of connected submicrometer silica particles.

224 brid-lipid bilayers in C(18) chromatographic silica particles; the partitioning of model solutes comp

225 The uptake and deposition of silicon (Si) as silica phytoliths is common among land plants and is ass

226 ls from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) comprising silica phytoliths, and isolated cells from awns of oats

227 Other than intrinsic silica phytoliths, extrinsic mineral dust/grit adhering

228 static ovarian cancer, fluorescently labeled silica, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and polystyrene n

229 s, but these phyla were not ancestrally high silica-producers.

230 cateins, are assembled into a slender hybrid silica/protein crystalline superstructure that directs t

231 emergence of a functional three-dimensional silica/protein superstructure in vivo.

232 Respirable crystalline silica (RCS) produced in mining and construction industr

233 lains and predicts this variable toxicity of silica remains elusive.

234 based on the use of an amine-functionalized silica resin to facilitate the chemical synthesis of pep

235 e morphology and distribution for gypsum and silica, respectively.

236 rocks and later sealed in opal deposited by silica-rich fluids derived from the continental weatheri

237 e near-absence of quartz in commercial, 100% silica samples, enabling assessment of conformity of unk

238 py identified strong OH modes from the dense silica samples.

239 Foramsulfuron had no effect on goosegrass in silica-sand regardless of evaporative demand.

240 osegrass in silt-loam compared to 18 days in silica-sand.

241 e this problem, gold nanostar@Raman reporter@silica-sandwiched nanoparticles have been developed as t

242 atrices including Vycor glass and mesoporous silica SBA-15 and SBA-16 with pore diameters ranging bet

243 superlattice first into highly-structured 3D silica scaffold, to turn it from a soft and liquid-envir

244 In contrast, the silica scale layer was formed via polymerization of sili

245 In this work, we compared gypsum and silica scaling in MD and demonstrated that gypsum scalin

246 Silica scaling of membranes used in reverse osmosis desa

247 ed membrane wetting that was not observed in silica scaling.

248 results imply that, before the emergence of silica-secreting organisms, elevated SiO(2)(aq) concentr

249 romoted their irreversible adsorption on the silica sensor.

250 ively charged polymer particle deposition on silica sensors.

251 The r value of a EuSPION core-mesoporous silica shell in the presence of the AMF does not change,

252 ted to fluorescence-encoded polystyrene core/silica shell microparticles to create a site for competi

253 1)O(2) measurements demonstrate not only the silica shell thickness dependence on the metal-enhanced

254 For this purpose, a silica shell using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), as a Si sou

255 Fossil grass silica short cell phytoliths (GSSCP) have been used to r

256 ibe a method for cloaking adenovirus (Ad) in silica (SiAd) as a nanoparticle formulation that signifi

257 ighly conductive Si(110) crystal facets, the silica-silicon conversion becomes reversible at room tem

258 mograms of silicon electrodes originate from silica-silicon redox chemistry.

259 ined by a model with nearly constant crustal silica since at least the early Archean.

260 Despite extensive studies on mesoporous silica since the early 1990s, the synthesis of two-dimen

261 to the bead material because the same-sized silica (SiO(2)) beads had considerably less impact, prob

262 ation in the shear wave field and around the silica spheres using finite element modelling, giving cl

263 O further changes the structural behavior of silica, stabilizing a niccolite-type structure, which is

264 onances due to the mode transition in an all-silica structure.

265 After this phase transition in silica, subducted oceanic crust will be visible as high-

266 pin coating a methanol solution of the IL on silica substrates that were functionalized with alkyl ch

267 n have on the catalyst performance, and (ii) silica support mesopore length, demonstrating that decre

268 sor has been used to synthesize well-defined silica-supported low-coordinate heterobimetallic hydrido

269 t also outperforms its corresponding neutral silica-supported Mo and W imido analogues.

270 )-oxo species, we synthesized a well-defined silica-supported W(IV)-oxo species, (=SiO)WO(OtBuF(6))(p

271 ights, and by maximizing carbon loads on the silica supporting material.

272 rk-influenced by water interactions with the silica surface - and has implications for how we underst

273 the way for developing 3D, monolithic, fused silica surface enhance Raman spectroscopy (SERS) microfl

274 We demonstrate that the behavior at the silica surface is a balance between increasing surface c

275 fy the missing key molecular moieties of the silica surface that initiate interactions with cell memb

276 ciations between the water molecules and the silica surface that prevent adsorbate isomerization.

277 arameters for hydrated silanol groups at the silica surface, critical to a wide range of geochemical

278 th the C(18)-alkyl chains immobilized on the silica surface, where both lipid and C(18) alkyl chains

279 of approximately 50 nm diameter on the fused silica surface.

280 However, to what extent the volume of silica suspension alters the dispersion and severity of

281 ized by employing a general ion-incorporated silica-templating method.

282 c fluid comprising biopolymers and colloidal silica to enhance adherence and retention of polyphospha

283 s" nanorods (Au JNRs), partially coated with silica to enhance their colloidal stability in aqueous s

284 an aquatic productivity indicator (biogenic silica) to evaluate the relative timing of postglacial e

285 -mm diameter on water quenching in thin-wall silica tubes.

286 simple LED-photodetector pair, 200 mum fused silica U-bent fiber probe and 60 nm (20 x ) AuNP labels

287 found anomalously expanded volumes of dense silica (up to 4%) recovered from hydrothermal synthesis

288 The choice of fiber optic probes (fused silica versus polymer), the optimum size (20, 40, 60 and

289 n a Au-coated glass target and carbon-coated silica wafer was characterized with atomic force microsc

290 II) complex, while the homologous complex on silica was inactive under comparable conditions.

291 A sorbent based on UVM-7 mesoporous silica was used as solid phase for the sample clean-up,

292 including titanium dioxide, iron oxide, and silica, was detected in toners and in airborne particles

293 By identifying this function of silica, we provide support for rationally controlling th

294 boundary between stishovite and CaCl(2)-type silica, which is highly consistent with the feature of m

295 pproach can physically stabilize proteins in silica without use of a pre-formed particle matrix.

296 The high-silica zeolite SSZ-27 was synthesized using one of the i

297 Phosphorus-modified all-silica zeolites exhibit activity and selectivity in cert

298 scopy, and periodic DFT study of several all-silica zeolites to test this assumption and to determine

299 High-silica zeolites, some of the most important and widely u

300 y approaching that of phosphoric acid on all-silica zeolites.