ライフサイエンスコーパス: skin prick

1 ined for koayu fish and related allergens by skin prick and allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE)

2 aist/hip ratio, current asthma, and specific skin prick and IgE sensitisation.

3 Standardized skin prick and intradermal tests were carried out with a

4 Skin prick and intradermal tests with cetuximab were cle

5 tization in an unsupervised manner, based on skin prick and sIgE tests taken throughout childhood and

6 Using a skin prick by prick test (SPPT) and in vitro techniques,

7 eactivity to a specific allergen by means of skin prick or in vitro testing.

8 ) LEN) survey, we measured the prevalence of skin prick positivity to a panel of allergens, and geome

9 d based on ARC symptom severity and erythema skin prick reaction to short ragweed.

10 acodynamic effects, including suppression of skin prick responses to allergen.

11 Positive skin prick results were obtained for Lake Biwa koayu fis

12 Younger participants had higher skin prick sensitivity prevalence, but not total IgE, th

13 lected at age 12 months: food sensitization (skin prick test >/= 2 mm) and allergy (oral food challen

14 in and/or gastrointestinal symptoms only and skin prick test < 8 mm) are considered for home-based mi

15 d by IgE (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.57, 0.91) and skin prick test (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.50, 0.86).

16 IgE sensitization was assessed by skin prick test (inhalant allergens) and specific IgE le

17 Skin prick test (n = 51) and ImmunoCAP (Thermo Fisher) (

18 n of pricking in the apple on prick-to-prick skin prick test (PTP) results.

19 We sought to develop skin prick test (SPT) and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) t

20 Food-specific serum IgE, skin prick test (SPT) and atopy patch test (APT) to food

21 wheeze in last year, atopy assessed both by skin prick test (SPT) and by the measurement of allergen

22 ine release test (HR) (RefLab ApS, Denmark), skin prick test (SPT) and intradermal test (IDT).

23 Skin prick test (SPT) and measurement of serum-specific

24 g the basophil activation test (BAT) and the skin prick test (SPT) and measuring the levels of peanut

25 in had the highest AUC (0.79), comparable to skin prick test (SPT) and sIgE to soy extract (0.76 and

26 Skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) are often

27 sought to determine the association between skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) to egg pro

28 ized nonallergic (n = 25) children underwent skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) to peanut

29 or urticaria upon CHX exposure and positive skin prick test (SPT) and/or positive CHX ImmunoCAP test

30 ercise, were all negative.The results of the skin prick test (SPT) for Citrus unshiu and specific IgE

31 lergic sensitization was determined based on skin prick test (SPT) of five mites, three molds, and ni

32 dence of nut specifc IgE shown by a positive skin prick test (SPT) or specific IgE (sIgE) test.

33 ng cows' milk-specific IgE antibodies (IgE), skin prick test (SPT) reactivity and double-blind, place

34 Atopy was measured based on skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to 9 allergens at 36 mo

35 Skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to grass, cypress, oliv

36 Infants with a skin prick test (SPT) response to egg white (EW) of less

37 action to egg, milk, or both with a positive skin prick test (SPT) response to the trigger food and/o

38 lergy, milk allergy, or both with a positive skin prick test (SPT) response to the trigger food and/o

39 nd 4 years of age and develop thresholds for skin prick test (SPT) results and specific IgE (sIgE) le

40 ping peanut allergy, and the implications of skin prick test (SPT) screening before peanut introducti

41 Skin prick test (SPT) sensitivity to house dust mite all

42 protein levels in household dust and peanut skin prick test (SPT) sensitization and likely allergy.

43 nfantile atopic dermatitis and preceding egg skin prick test (SPT) sensitization, we found a strong a

44 six dog allergens (Can f 1-6) in commercial skin prick test (SPT) solutions and to determine individ

45 Allergic sensitization was determined by skin prick test (SPT) to 17 aeroallergens.

46 of 5276 one-year-old children who underwent skin prick test (SPT) to 4 food allergens and those with

47 A total of 433 patients with positive skin prick test (SPT) to birch pollen were analyzed rega

48 Atopy was assessed by skin prick test (SPT) using inhalant and food allergens.

49 eczema, egg allergy, or both but 0-mm peanut skin prick test (SPT) wheal responses (n = 542); group I

50 opic dermatitis (AD) and a positive egg/milk skin prick test (SPT), but no known PNA.

51 fe (EQ-5D) health questionnaire, spirometry, skin prick test (SPT), exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), smel

52 Patients with CMA and/or RA underwent skin prick test (SPT), intracutaneous test (ICT), and, w

53 y to aeroallergens with and without positive skin prick test (SPT), respectively.

54 and responsiveness of mast cells in vivo by skin prick test (SPT).

55 R) Rapid results were compared with those of skin prick test (SPT).

56 , they underwent physical examinations and a skin prick test (SPT).

57 pecific IgE was 10.1% (95% CI: 9.4-10.8) and skin prick test 2.7% (95% CI: 2.4-3.0), food challenge p

58 ed risk factors for atopy (allergen-specific skin prick test [SPT] reactivity and IgE [asIgE] sensiti

59 tolerant to food challenge, 159 negative on skin prick test and food challenge).

60 le NSAID in history were tested first with a skin prick test and if negative challenged with the culp

61 ergen sources, and latex was tested by using skin prick test and ImmunoCAP.

62 without systemic IgE-sensitisation tested by skin prick test and serum allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) d

63 Skin prick test and sIgE display moderate agreement, but

64 nical-demographic questionnaire, spirometry, skin prick test and specific IgE were evaluated yearly.

65 tratified for eczema status and test method (skin prick test and specific IgE).

66 to diagnose food allergy, when compared with skin prick test and specific IgE.

67 Atopy was detected by skin prick test and/or serum specific-IgE in patients wi

68 pplied for selected cases where the history, skin prick test and/or specific IgE are not definitive f

69 e positive ELISA results correlated with the skin prick test areas with the whole body and the setae

70 In two patients who showed positive skin prick test but negative for challenge test, titer o

71 Identical ISAAC questionnaire and skin prick test data were collected and compared at 10 y

72 or more completed a questionnaire and had a skin prick test for atopy.

73 A skin prick test for poly-gamma-glutamic acid (PGA) which

74 Our skin prick test for several kinds of edible jellyfish su

75 white specific IgE (sIgE) levels in serum or skin prick test has been shown to be a poor predictor of

76 Inclusion criteria included a positive skin prick test of 6 mm or more (wheal diameter, above t

77 including detection of milk-specific IgE (by skin prick test or serum assay), diagnostic elimination

78 aluation, milk-specific IgE levels, and milk skin prick test performed at enrollment, 6 months, 12 mo

79 Primary outcomes were recent wheezing, skin prick test positivity (SPT), and allergen-specific

80 wanted to measure geographical variation in skin prick test positivity and assess whether it was exp

81 Geographical variation in the prevalence of skin prick test positivity in Europe is unlikely to be e

82 re fitted for allergic sensitization (either skin prick test positivity or serum-specific IgE >/= 0.3

83 Skin prick test positivity to any one of the measured al

84 The main outcome was atopy defined as skin prick test reaction >/=3 mm.

85 Associations of NVAS and atopy (defined as skin prick test reaction of >/=3 mm) were analysed using

86 Skin prick test reactions to pollen elicited larger weal

87 ion between a chronic helminth infection and skin prick test reactivity even in a developed country.

88 e reactions to peanut were reported in 1.5%, skin prick test reactivity in 2.0%, and IgE sensitizatio

89 py was measured by specific IgE in serum and skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens.

90 studies demonstrated that exercise increases skin prick test reactivity to and bioavailability of the

91 Total IgE, grass pollen-specific IgE, and skin prick test reactivity to grass pollen were all redu

92 o 2.45 +/- 0.24 (P = .001) and a decrease in skin prick test reactivity to house dust mite from 7.0 +

93 children with eczema, wheeze, or a positive skin prick test response before ending exclusive breast-

94 SAFS (n = 38) was defined as specific IgE or skin prick test response positivity to Aspergillus fumig

95 with greater airway hyperresponsiveness and skin prick test response positivity.

96 ID-independent anaphylaxis to LTPs, positive skin prick test response to LTPs, and serum LTP IgE.

97 Peanut skin prick test responses and peanut- and Ara h 2-specif

98 PPOIT was associated with reduced peanut skin prick test responses and peanut-specific IgE levels

99 Skin prick test responses and specific IgE levels agains

100 in Childhood2000 birth cohort by using both skin prick test responses and specific IgE levels.

101 At year 1, skin prick test responses and wheat- and omega-5 gliadin

102 tifiable by using routinely available peanut skin prick test responses or specific IgE levels, but th

103 risk of atopic wheeze, total IgE levels, and skin prick test responses to cockroach.

104 serum total IgE levels, specific IgE levels, skin prick test responses to common aeroallergens, and I

105 ves with allergic disease) but with negative skin prick test responses to common allergens at randomi

106 th a history of ragweed allergy and positive skin prick test responses to ragweed were randomized and

107 Histamine skin prick test responses were diminished in patients wi

108 exposure and sensitization (as determined by skin prick test responses) was analyzed in more than 100

109 ith peanut- and Ara h 2-specific IgE levels, skin prick test responses, basophil activation, and TH2

110 eanut but have peanut-specific IgE, positive skin prick test responses, or both represents a signific

111 to peanut (>/=0.35 kU/L) had negative peanut skin prick test responses.

112 Atopy was defined as a positive skin prick test result (>=3 mm) and/or a positive specif

113 random sample of participants with negative skin prick test results attended a hospital-based food c

114 Overall, clinical allergy and skin prick test results complied with the specific IgE r

115 th antivenoms and cetuximab induced positive skin prick test results in patients with sIgE to alpha-g

116 Based on available clinical data and skin prick test results, 922 (73%) patients would have b

117 higher IgG4 values (P = .001) and lower egg skin prick test scores (P = .0002) over time and a lower

118 among M+ participants tracked the following skin prick test sensitization statuses: M+P+C- > M+P+C+

119 e in peanut-specific basophil activation and skin prick test titration compared with nonresponders.

120 iral culture for varicella-zoster virus, and skin prick test to common food and animal allergens were

121 icipants aged 18 to 65 years with a positive skin prick test to Dactylis glomerata pollen were expose

122 r anaphylaxis related to NSAID, (3) positive skin prick test to foods and/or specific IgE to food all

123 easonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and positive skin prick test to grass and olive pollens and evaluate

124 ty reaction after peanut ingestion, positive skin prick test to peanuts, and positive by double-blind

125 Furthermore, a skin prick test using the same reagent showed a positive

126 Provided consent, a skin prick test was performed, and history of allergic s

127 The skin prick test was positive for raw pork and beef.

128 A skin prick test was used to ascertain atopy.

129 Atopy was defined as any skin prick test weal to common aeroallergens >/=4 mm.

130 E 33.3 kUA /l (7.2-120.2), and median peanut skin prick test wheal 11.3 mm (6.5-18)]; four experience

131 od challenges (OFCs) to egg, irrespective of skin prick test wheal sizes.

132 The negative predictive value of skin prick test with peanut extract and peanut butter an

133 thma, atopy (grass, house dust mite, and cat skin prick test) and atopic vs. non-atopic asthma at the

134 o standard diagnostic methods (ImmunoCAP and skin prick test).

135 Of the 1430 children with a valid skin prick test, 228 (16%) were positive (more boys (20%

136 iagnostic testing, 47.3% was assessed with a skin prick test, 39.9% with a serum specific IgE test, a

137 ondary outcomes were desensitization, peanut skin prick test, and specific IgE and specific IgG4 meas

138 In addition to clinical history, skin prick test, and specific IgE determination, BAT can

139 nical-demographic questionnaire, spirometry, skin prick test, and specific IgE to aeroallergens were

140 Specific IgE values, skin prick test, and T-cell subsets of STAT3-HIES patien

141 is, using the standard methodology (history, skin prick test, IgE assay).

142 nly 4 predictors of the original model: sex, skin prick test, peanut sIgE, and total IgE minus sIgE.

143 shed, using 6 predictors: sex, age, history, skin prick test, peanut specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

144 Skin prick test, s-IgE and CRD to hazelnut, peanut, PR10

145 Skin prick test, sIgE measurements, and assessment of al

146 nd ELISA inhibition, basophil activation and skin prick test.

147 gE/4 allergens: OR = 1.81, 95% CI 0.80-4.24; skin prick test/4+ allergens: OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.34-3.9

148 atients were classified by clinical history, skin prick test/serum specific IgE (sIgE), and nasal all

149 CFC; <=500 mg of peanut protein), a positive skin-prick test (SPT) result (>=5 mm wheal diameter abov

150 measures of allergic sensitisation (such as skin-prick test [SPT] and serum specific IgE [sIgE]) whe

151 A larger wheal on the skin-prick test and a lower ratio of peanut-specific IgG

152 A skin-prick test showed positive reactions for Inavir inh

153 on who initially had negative results on the skin-prick test, the prevalence of peanut allergy at 60

154 ract, which was determined with the use of a skin-prick test--one consisting of participants with no

155 dence of "atopic eczema," "any positive SPT [skin-prick test]," "sensitization to egg," and "sensitiz

156 Children were skin prick tested (SPT).

157 with respiratory or cutaneous symptoms were skin-prick tested with GB extract.

158 Twelve-month-old infants were skin prick-tested to common food allergens, and sensitiz

159 tern blot and IgE-ELISA were complemented by Skin Prick Testing (SPT) and mediator release assay to d

160 Commercial allergen extracts for allergy skin prick testing (SPT) are widely used for diagnosing

161 Skin prick testing (SPT) in combination with the clinica

162 Skin prick testing (SPT) is an important step in the dia

163 orm beta lactam testing with 17% undertaking skin prick testing (SPT) only, 77% SPT followed by intra

164 Skin prick testing (SPT) was conducted using standard pr

165 ng hay fever, eczema, food allergy, positive skin prick testing (SPT), or elevated allergen-specific

166 evaluated in a basophil activation assay and Skin Prick Testing (SPT).

167 and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) and perform skin prick testing (SPT).

168 was determined using serum-specific IgE and skin prick testing against a panel of five fungi.

169 intervention (structured allergy history and skin prick testing and appropriate advice on allergy avo

170 gy intervention (structured allergy history, skin prick testing and appropriate allergy avoidance adv

171 Morphine skin prick testing and basophil activation were diminish

172 s defined as one or more positive results on skin prick testing and clinically relevant symptoms of r

173 olerant (ST), or food allergic (FA) based on skin prick testing and food challenge at 12 months of ag

174 IgE sensitization tests, such as skin prick testing and serum-specific IgE, have been use

175 and aeroallergens was determined by means of skin prick testing and specific IgE measurement.

176 re, taking a structured allergy history with skin prick testing and tailored advice on allergy avoida

177 Children completed skin prick testing at age 1 year.

178 Participants underwent skin prick testing for house dust mite, cat, grasses and

179 Skin prick testing for peanut sensitization was performe

180 uch as family history (50.2%) and conducting skin prick testing in non-high-risk children (43.9%).

181 Skin prick testing is available in only half of the case

182 ly relevant sensitizations are elucidated by skin prick testing or by the determination of specific I

183 ample of 5276 one-year-old infants underwent skin prick testing to peanut, egg, sesame, and cow's mil

184 In addition, skin prick testing was performed to six study foods (cow

185 grass pollen allergic individuals underwent skin prick testing with allergen alone, allergen plus Be

186 subjected to topical cowhage provocation and skin prick testing with histamine and assessed for diffe

187 dditional healthy controls were subjected to skin prick testing with histamine.

188 with parental face-to-face interviews and/or skin prick testing, 238 (10.4%) were eligible for a DBPC

189 minth Opishorchis felineus and specific IgE, skin prick testing, and atopic symptoms in Western Siber

190 e an interviewer-administered questionnaire, skin prick testing, and measurement of lung function fro

191 similar in children positive and negative on skin prick testing, and were not appreciably altered by

192 Morphine skin prick testing, ImmunoCAP assays for allergen-specif

193 Skin prick testing, lung function tests, exhaled nitric

194 post-bronchodilator spirometry (n = 1,389), skin prick testing, lung volumes, and diffusing capacity

195 ths for scorings of symptoms and medication, skin prick testing, total IgE, specific IgE, and Der p 1

196 ent report, clinical examination, and repeat skin prick testing.

197 ldren were examined for eczema and underwent skin prick testing.

198 en patients assigned to immediate or delayed skin prick testing.

199 pic status were determined by spirometry and skin prick testing.

200 ng a rat basophil leukaemia cell line and by skin prick testing.

201 ed with IL-31 and NaCl (negative control) by skin prick testing.

202 ted for more detailed assessments, including skin prick testing.

203 s underwent a clinical examination including skin prick testing.

204 of rhinitis but without positive results on skin prick testing.

205 ly to attend research clinics and consent to skin-prick testing.

206 to seeds of oilseed rape and turnip rape in skin prick tests (SPT) and open food challenges.

207 Skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) against f

208 Conjunctival provocation tests (CPT), skin prick tests (SPT), BAT, and sIgE determination incl

209 Skin prick tests (SPT), specific-IgE (sIgE), component-r

210 l visits including structured interviews and skin prick tests (SPT).

211 y against common allergens was determined by skin prick tests (SPT); specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

212 All subjects with skin prick tests (SPTs) for birch pollen conducted durin

213 ich they answered a questionnaire, underwent skin prick tests (SPTs) for common aeroallergens, and pr

214 ants completed a questionnaire and underwent skin prick tests (SPTs) to egg, peanut, cow's milk, fish

215 were invited to a parental questionnaire and skin prick tests (SPTs) to ten airborne allergens, and 2

216 ous reactions was obtained, and standardized skin prick tests (SPTs) using finely ground tree-nut sol

217 erial 10-fold dilutions of milk protein, and skin prick tests (SPTs) were performed to commercial mil

218 Skin prick tests (SPTs) were performed to gain attention

219 logical work-up included a detailed history, skin prick tests (SPTs) with IVIP, and basophil activati

220 e following outcomes at age 2 years: eczema, skin prick tests (SPTs), increased allergen-specific IgE

221 7 with mollusc tolerance) were studied using skin prick tests (SPTs), specific IgEs (sIgEs) and SDS-P

222 tic sensitivity to 65% compared with 20% for skin prick tests and 46% ImmunoCAP using kiwi extract.

223 nonallergic subjects (group 4) by performing skin prick tests and APTs with rBet v 1 and hypoallergen

224 Skin prick tests and basophil activation test using cetu

225 Skin prick tests and basophil activation tests with N, P

226 re, taking a structured allergy history with skin prick tests and giving tailored advice on allergy a

227 6 months, 18 months, 4 years, and 6 years by skin prick tests and IgE measurements.

228 Associations with allergic diseases, skin prick tests and lung function assessed at 12 and 18

229 ed with questionnaire, clinical examination, skin prick tests and measurements of specific IgE.

230 Clinic evaluation, which consisted of skin prick tests and OFC where eligible, was undertaken

231 ge 2 years, infants had FS/FA screening with skin prick tests and oral food challenges.

232 At 6.5 years, paediatricians performed skin prick tests and parents reported asthma and AD symp

233 icipants underwent a standardized interview, skin prick tests and pulmonary function tests.

234 reened 5276 infants (74% participation) with skin prick tests and sensitized infants underwent food c

235 Skin prick tests and sIgE were performed in 529 children

236 ust mites was diagnosed longitudinally using skin prick tests and specific IgE measurements at (1/2),

237 icult, because of the limited sensitivity of skin prick tests and specific IgE tests to meat extracts

238 were 58% (95% CI 49-67) and 49% (40-58%) for skin prick tests and specific-IgE.

239 ergenicity of Ory c 3 was confirmed by using skin prick tests and the basophil activation assay.

240 formed consent; evidencing of an allergen by skin prick tests and/or serum-specific IgE dosages; bein

241 ldren (5-17 years old) with asthma underwent skin prick tests at baseline and had clinical data colle

242 sensitization (FAS) was identified by using skin prick tests conducted between 1 and 18 years of age

243 Food-specific serum IgE and skin prick tests for egg, soy, peanut, and cross-reactan

244 rkers outperformed allergen-specific IgE and skin prick tests for predicting OFC outcomes.

245 to determine whether C+ assayed by means of skin prick tests influenced AR symptom severity in contr

246 Two hundred eighty-one children had valid skin prick tests performed, and 14% (39/281) were atopic

247 All pollen-specific IgE and >90% of skin prick tests remained positive 7 days and 3 months a

248 d cohort study of 5276 infants who underwent skin prick tests to 4 allergens, including egg.

249 ohort were also more likely to have positive skin prick tests to cabbage, lettuce and mustard and sen

250 by questionnaire, clinical examination, and skin prick tests to common allergens.

251 Subjects with positive skin prick tests to GOS (n = 30, 6.2%) underwent basophi

252 d via structured questionnaire and underwent skin prick tests to GOS.

253 ciation between 10 loci and specific IgE and skin prick tests to individual allergens and poly-sensit

254 Because of the low sensitivity of skin prick tests to meat, we studied the possibility to

255 clinically confirmed fish allergy underwent skin prick tests to salmon and catfish.

256 Skin prick tests using wheat extract were performed on 3

257 easurements of eczema, asthma, rhinitis, and skin prick tests were available for all follow-ups.

258 In both cases, skin prick tests were negative for suspected seafoods.

259 Food-specific serum IgE measurements and skin prick tests were performed before initiating the di

260 n, IgE inhibition, ImmunoCAP inhibition, and skin prick tests were performed using samples from selec

261 Skin prick tests were performed with commercial pollen e

262 Skin prick tests were performed with pollen extracts.

263 Lung function, airway reversibility and skin prick tests were performed.

264 His skin prick tests were positive, with a result of 2+to fr

265 Skin prick tests were used to identify sensitization to

266 meat, we studied the possibility to perform skin prick tests with cetuximab, which carries the alpha

267 Blinded, quadruplicate skin prick tests with concentrate and three serial half-

268 Skin prick tests with purified rAed a 3 and Ae. aegypti

269 llenges with standardized doses of rMal d 1, skin prick tests with recombinant allergens, and measure

270 Questionnaires, skin prick tests, and basophil activation assays were pe

271 ecific immunoglobulin E-antibodies in serum, skin prick tests, and double-blind, placebo-controlled f

272 ecific inhalation challenge to argan powder, skin prick tests, and immunoblotting analysis.

273 te use of testing (specific IgE measurement, skin prick tests, and oral food challenges), and the tim

274 food-allergic sensitization were measured by skin prick tests, and physician-diagnosed inhalant and f

275 Patients underwent skin prick tests, and received 0.1ml of influenza vaccin

276 who had undergone objective OFCs, concurrent skin prick tests, and specific IgE tests.

277 -of-function samples, we performed histamine skin prick tests, investigated the contribution of STAT3

278 Skin prick tests, measurements of specific IgE to peanut

279 for food allergy by standardized interviews, skin prick tests, prick-to-prick tests and ImmunoCAP.

280 In contrast to positive skin prick tests, SE-IgE was more common in smokers (<15

281 Clinical data, skin prick tests, specific IgE to aero- and food allerge

282 al interview combined with blood collection, skin prick tests, spirometry with bronchodilation, and e

283 t basophils and elicit positive responses in skin prick tests.

284 he patient's allergic triggers or performing skin prick tests.

285 en Asthma Study completed questionnaires and skin prick tests.

286 Atopy was assessed by using skin prick tests.

287 s: all had negative results for aeroallergen skin prick tests.

288 Atopy was assessed using skin prick tests.

289 gg allergy was primarily determined by using skin prick tests.

290 n observed pasteurized raw egg challenge and skin prick tests.

291 85; P = 0.02), and with similar findings for skin prick tests.

292 and 6 years by specific IgE assessments and skin prick tests.

293 inical examinations including serum IgEs and skin prick tests.

294 saline challenge tests, questionnaires, and skin prick tests.

295 We performed skin-prick tests and basophil degranulation tests using

296 gogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs), biopsies, and skin-prick tests for food and aeroallergens.

297 The result of enokitake skin prick to prick test was positive.

298 ther mushrooms (siitake, simeji, and eringi) skin prick to prick test were all positive.

299 At Day 85, 6 weeks after the last dose, skin prick wheal responses to allergen were suppressed b

300 allergen extracts are standardized based on skin prick wheal size in 20-30 allergic subjects.