ライフサイエンスコーパス: social class

1 est social class) to 9 (always in the lowest social class).

2 nactivity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and social class).

3 ge, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, and social class).

4 oid hormone, calcium, physical activity, and social class.

5 independent of conventional risk factors and social class.

6 population, classified by race/ethnicity and social class.

7 lts for birthweight with those for childhood social class.

8 the process in favor of applicants of higher social class.

9 n midlife independent of later body size and social class.

10 current body size and were not confounded by social class.

11 cted relatives, and the respondent's sex and social class.

12 l and 81% (95% CI 77-85%) on their childhood social class.

13 djustment for individual-level indicators of social class.

14 cial class is strongly associated with adult social class.

15 association between breastfeeding and higher social class.

16 lth disparities based on race, ethnicity and social class.

17 e been marginalized due to their race and/or social class.

18 gnitive abilities as a function of childhood social class.

19 formance differed as a function of childhood social class.

20 nagement vignettes varied by patient race or social class.

21 medies to educational disparities related to social class.

22 justment for youth psychiatric diagnoses and social class.

23 nfancy, family history of asthma, and higher social class.

24 turn was strongly related to less-advantaged social class.

25 s, respectively, and for Hispanics of higher social class.

26 to be higher in the upper than in the lower social classes.

27 thin countries, between regions, and between social classes.

28 a greater percentage of patients from higher social classes.

29 nks of residential condominiums of different social classes.

30 opular condiment accessible to people of all social classes.

31 ced an additional 0.39 conditions (childhood social class), 0.83 (adult social class), and 1.08 condi

32 ng or self-care, (3) stereotyping by race or social class, (4) portraying the patient as difficult, a

33 disparities more salient through signals of social class(5,6).

34 sex, race/ethnicity, and approximate family social class (908 cases and 667 control individuals).

35 Even after correcting for social class, a history of having ever smoked was associ

36 igital resources, school closures exacerbate social class academic disparities.

37 s of 55 and 84 years is inversely related to social class across the full spectrum of the socioeconom

38 justment for differences in age, gender, and social class, adolescents with psychiatric disorder were

39 with adverse brain morphologies, with lower social class amplifying the vulnerability.

40 similar to those not followed up in terms of social class and anthropometry at birth.

41 ntelligence is associated with education and social class and broadens the causal perspectives on how

42 s, can explain variable associations between social class and cognitive functioning.

43 r models were adjusted for BMI, occupational social class and diabetes status.

44 hic variables, including Registrar General's Social Class and educational attainment.

45 Potential confounders such as lifestyle, social class and employment were accounted for.

46 Research on social class and generosity suggests that higher-income

47 Social class and health status (recent illness and use o

48 equalities (based on childhood and adulthood social class and highest education) in multimorbidity at

49 reference group after adjustment for higher social class and maternal education in the latter.

50 r verbal bullying, even after adjustment for social class and maternal education.

51 Social class and neighborhoods reinforced each other, im

52 No association was seen between father's social class and non-fatal stroke.

53 non-manual, even after adjustment for adult social class and other established risk factors (relativ

54 measures used, was robust to adjustment for social class and parental height, and modeling of plausi

55 e males had lower variability (-3.9%); lower social class and physical inactivity were each associate

56 er mean BMI yet 28% lower variability; lower social class and physical inactivity were each associate

57 n was found to be a strong predictor of high social class and polygyny, with extraverted men producin

58 Multivariable models that also included social class and postnatal factors explained 18% to 45%

59 Unconscious social class and race biases were not significantly asso

60 The equity theme covers research on social class and race/ethnicity in career development; e

61 nses in men, depending on intersections with social class and racial identities.

62 egree by age 40, controlling for both family social class and school districts.

63 plex interaction between Registrar General's Social Class and sex, and there was no independent assoc

64 social identifiers like race, ethnicity, and social class and subject to inequitable distribution of

65 ant interaction exists between IMD score and social class and their association with HAQ scores (P =

66 than in white children after adjustment for social class and total energy intake.

67 itions (childhood social class), 0.83 (adult social class), and 1.08 conditions (adult education) at

68 Adjusting for age, year, race, social class, and active work status, longer duration in

69 P </= 50 mm Hg after adjusting for age, sex, social class, and body mass index (odds ratio, 0.75; 95%

70 s were adjusted for sex, ethnicity, parental social class, and cumulative smoking and alcohol use.

71 The analyses were adjusted for age, sex, social class, and employment status.

72 after adjustment for age, sex, Tanner stage, social class, and fat mass.

73 ent when children were younger, from a lower social class, and had experienced seizures during their

74 ncluded educational attainment, occupational social class, and income at age 27 to 37.

75 change in HAQ score was compared by IMD and social class, and interactions between these measures ex

76 e-exposure correlation, intrauterine growth, social class, and maternal cognitive ability, as well as

77 te how multiple risk factors (sex, childhood social class, and midlife physical inactivity) related t

78 hildhood environment (adult height, father's social class, and participant's education) were inversel

79 y problems, family history of asthma, higher social class, and passive smoking.

80 graphic area-specific measures of education, social class, and poverty by linking records to 1990 US

81 Shorter duration of illness, higher social class, and treatment compliance were associated w

82 s, including age, sex, ethnicity, education, social class, and wealth, were controlled for.

83 were adjusted for age, gender, education and social class, and were weighted for non-response.

84 tion that affects people of all ages, races, social classes, and geographical regions.

85 Limitations of this work include the use of social class as the sole indicator of SEP-while it was a

86 be disentangled from their intelligence and social class as well as from mistakes they made as adole

87 ssociations of smoking with gender, race and social class, as well as suspected risk factors and ante

88 Contextual (social class association and number of churches) and ind

89 ly measured confounders in early-life (e.g., social class at birth) and in mid-adulthood (e.g., 42y c

90 Adjustment for gestational age, social class at birth, height and body mass index at sch

91 re independent of each other as well as sex, social class at birth, household crowding in childhood,

92 adjusted (for gender, father's occupational social class at birth, number of siblings, and birth wei

93 stitutional care (29% higher odds), parental social class at child's birth (9% higher odds per 1-poin

94 white children, even after body composition, social class background, and dietary patterns were adjus

95 hildren, independent of body composition and social class background.

96 core based on their area of residence, and a social class based on baseline self-reported occupation.

97 d the extent that people accurately perceive social class based on brief speech patterns.

98 sh Adoption/Twin Study of Aging and parental social class based on the Swedish socioeconomic index.

99 Harmonized social class-based SEP data (Registrar General's Social

100 akers to limit the impact of the lockdown on social-class-based academic inequality.

101 alyses, we found an association between race/social class bias and 3 of 27 possible patient-care deci

102 The presence of unconscious race and social class bias and its association with clinical asse

103 Implicit race and social class biases were present in most respondents.

104 roke, especially ischaemic stroke--age, sex, social class, blood pressure, pre-existing vascular dise

105 djustment (including education, occupational social class, body mass index category, systolic blood p

106 er adjustment for cigarette smoking history, social class, body mass index, systolic blood pressure,

107 Data on sex, race/ethnicity, paternal social class, childhood emotional and behavioral problem

108 nates how ongoing participation in different social class contexts also gives rise to culture-specifi

109 cument how each of these contexts socializes social class cultural differences.

110 of interdisciplinary research to reveal how social class culture cycles operate over the course of t

111 adjusting for smoking, body mass index, and social class, death rates were lower in non-meat-eaters

112 Controls for family social class did not change the findings.

113 owledge to simulate others, and cultural and social class differences.

114 sed the contribution of different factors to social-class differences in self-rated health by adjustm

115 Social class disparities exist from the earliest stages

116 in cognition that exist between cultures and social classes do not necessarily have counterparts in i

117 e academic thriving, persistence, and reduce social class driven achievement gaps in STEM.

118 older siblings, maternal IQ, age, education, social class, duration of breastfeeding and history of l

119 England, Scotland, and Wales, stratified by social class, during 1 week in March 1946.

120 (A4), T and estradiol (E2) in both sexes and social classes, during both 'baseline' and reproductive

121 , smoking, alcohol intake, plasma vitamin C, social class, education, and other PFAs.

122 mellitus, alcohol intake, physical activity, social class, education, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate,

123 nal adjustment for body mass index, smoking, social class, education, physical activity, alcohol inta

124 erval: 1.04, 1.68), independent of age, sex, social class, educational level, marital status, employm

125 e independent of puberty, physical activity, social class, ethnicity, and parental body mass index.

126 assigned at birth, obstetric risk, parental social class, ethnicity, family adversity, temperament,

127 Exposures considered were age, sex, social class, ethnicity, obesity, Index of Multiple Depr

128 y were used to evaluate the relation between social class factors and squamous cell esophageal cancer

129 reflecting uncontrollable factors: parental social class, family cohesion, major depression, ancestr

130 ors of adversity (including family conflict, social class, family size, maternal psychopathology, and

131 nalyses adjusted for childhood and adulthood social class, first becoming overweight at younger ages

132 ex of Multiple Deprivation, and occupational social class) for adults aged >/=21 y in the 2009 UK Adu

133 A social-class gradient was observed for both men and wome

134 Those of lowest social class have greater need.

135 th emotional wellbeing independently of sex, social class, health status, and use of hospital service

136 hysical activity, body mass index, diabetes, social class, heavy alcohol use, and antidepressant medi

137 (infant lower respiratory infection, manual social class, home overcrowding, and pollution exposure)

138 stigated for four measures (education level, social class, household income, and area-based deprivati

139 not, however, seen in those living in lower-social class households or homes where smoking occurs in

140 her adjustments for childhood IQ, education, social class, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular dis

141 's social class was strongly associated with social class in adulthood (fathers' occupation was manua

142 People from a manual social class in childhood had higher systolic and diasto

143 eristics relating to generational status and social class in primary studies, which prevented explora

144 pply our framework to understand the role of social class in prosociality.

145 male gender, living in an urban area, higher social class, in situ disease, and lack of cancer treatm

146 ucational qualifications and less-advantaged social class independently increased the risk of higher

147 Disadvantaged childhood social class, independently of adulthood SEP, was associ

148 ersist after adjustment for individual-level social class indicators, and whether the effects of indi

149 Nevertheless, lower social class individuals consistently outperform their h

150 After additional adjustment for measures of social class, inflammation, and possible confounders, th

151 Why would lower social class inhibit such processes in one domain, but p

152 on, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, social class, IOP, and BP.

153 ege admission protocols should attend to how social class is encoded in non-numerical components of a

154 Thus, childhood social class is important for cognitive performance in a

155 Father's social class is strongly associated with adult social cl

156 Lower social class is thought to contribute to poorer executiv

157 osition within the economic hierarchy, their social class, is accurately perceived and reproduced by

158 Socioeconomic disadvantage (manual social class, large family size, and overcrowded househo

159 able (age, sex, ethnicity, obesity, smoking, social class, long-standing illness, marital status, dia

160 justment for age, father's social class, own social class, marital status, fibrinogen and cholesterol

161 ernal marital status, household occupational social class, maternal education, maternal smoking, own

162 ed to match cases as closely as possible for social class, maternal educational attainment, region, s

163 Psychosocial adversity in general and low social class, maternal psychopathology, and family confl

164 Low social class, maternal psychopathology, and family confl

165 n, low birth weight, preterm birth, parental social class, maternal smoking and drinking, maternal me

166 ate that among humans, the experience of low social class may contribute to preferences and behaviors

167 Further studies on the determinants of social class may help to identify a new set of exposures

168 n IAT D score, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.29-0.49]) and social class (mean IAT D score, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.57-0.75]

169 4 [20.1%], p < 0.0001) irrespective of adult social class; no association was found with blood glucos

170 nd individual (Wealth/Education/Occupational Social Class [Occupation]) factors were drawn from wave

171 Factors investigated were social class, occupational and residential history, smok

172 Social class of origin was associated with physical risk

173 fficient to allow respondents to discern the social class of speakers at levels above chance accuracy

174 associated with higher perceived and actual social class of speakers, and that pronunciation cues in

175 ociation between the geographically weighted social class of the nearest 6 to 100 childhood neighbors

176 with relatively low economic inequality, the social class of the nearest same-age neighbors in childh

177 ined on the basis of insurance coverage, the social class of the patients, or their illnesses' being

178 d represents an intrinsic, and intrinsically social, class of reward.

179 Furthermore, within the low social class, offspring quality (i.e., child nutritional

180 ncile inconsistent findings on the effect of social class on generosity by highlighting the moderatin

181 The influence of father's social class on non-fatal myocardial infarction and isch

182 r the heterogeneous results on the effect of social class on prosociality.

183 s self-control could be separated from their social class origins and intelligence, indicating that s

184 hat pronunciation cues in speech communicate social class over and above speech content.

185 ubstantially by adjustment for age, father's social class, own social class, marital status, fibrinog

186 highest educational qualification, household social class, parity, child's ethnicity, mother's age, m

187 alyses were adjusted for age, offspring sex, social class, parity, smoking, physical activity and die

188 SES indicators were paternal social class, participants' education, participants' wea

189 ng for sex, age, body mass index, ethnicity, social class, past psychological and behavioral problems

190 ween rural and urban populations, and across social classes persist.

191 for age, body mass index, cigarette smoking, social class, physical activity index, prevalent bronchi

192 not women, independently of later body size, social class, physical activity, and health status.

193 mption, smoking, and childhood and adulthood social class) positively and linearly associated with AL

194 stions regarding students' explicit race and social class preferences, and 8 clinical assessment vign

195 tes were associated with unconscious race or social class preferences.

196 x at birth and early life factors, including social class, region of residence, tobacco smoke exposur

197 itivism, (3) more work on social mechanisms (social class relations, racial discrimination) is needed

198 rent generations have lived, and patterns of social class reproduction.

199 ients of the highest (SCI and II) and lowest social class (SCIV and V) (0.11; 95% CI 0.02, 0.20).

200 sults were also obtained after adjusting for social class, sex, region of birth, and the presence of

201 thnicity, residence, religion, and perceived social class significantly predicted empathy components.

202 ts of care and age group, sex, ethnic group, social class, stroke subtype and level of consciousness.

203 es was -0.49 (95% CI, -1.00 to 0.03) and for social class, the coefficient was -0.04 (95% CI, -0.50 t

204 mpared with participants born in the highest social class, the estimated total effect on FI50y was 42

205 Among individuals belonging to lower social classes, the brain-neighbourhood associations wer

206 ed that ranged from 0 (always in the highest social class) to 9 (always in the lowest social class).

207 y, in African-American men from Jackson, low social class was associated with increased serum cholest

208 Social class was determined at three stages of responden

209 Men whose fathers' social class was manual had significantly higher rates o

210 mic heart disease seen in men whose father's social class was manual suggests that socioeconomic stat

211 86/4006 vs 192/1510) than men whose fathers' social class was non-manual, even after adjustment for a

212 art disease was only seen in men whose adult social class was non-manual.

213 A between-pair effect of childhood social class was significant in all cognitive domains, w

214 Childhood social class was significantly associated with mean-leve

215 Father's social class was strongly associated with social class i

216 d by parental and subject's own occupational social class -- was the exposure of interest, IQ explain

217 al class-based SEP data (Registrar General's Social Class) was ascertained in childhood (father's cla

218 l clinicians, mean IAT D scores for race and social class were 0.42 (95% CI, 0.37-0.48) and 0.71 (95%

219 st women in the lowest compared with highest social class were 2.0 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.1, 4.0) in the 1

220 nal BMI, number of older siblings, and lower social class were associated with the less-healthy trans

221 Psychiatric history and social class were controlled for.

222 HAQ) score at baseline and 3 years by IMD or social class were tested.

223 BCS; mean (SD) BMI in the highest and lowest social classes were as follows: 24.9 (0.8) versus 26.8 (

224 reserved only for export and the better-off social classes-which highlights the variability of the p

225 We assessed the associations of father's social class with cardiovascular risk factors and with r

226 established IAT for race and a novel IAT for social class with vignette responses.

227 y, primary residence, religious beliefs, and social class would predict empathy differences.

228 onal radiation exposure, with adjustment for social class, year of birth, father's age, and birth ord