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1 ophenone imine, a readily accessible ammonia surrogate.
2 trium-86 isotope can be used as a gadolinium surrogate.
3 catalytic cycle while serving as an ammonia surrogate.
4 -azaproline derivatives as potential proline surrogates.
5 alogs, were evaluated as potential sparteine surrogates.
6 ist) or bacterial (ODN 2395, a TLR9 agonist) surrogates.
7 aturated cyclohexanones as aryl electrophile surrogates.
8 M) using mass-based measurements as exposure surrogates.
9 ut with many variables improperly treated as surrogates.
11 essments and diligent searches for potential surrogates; 3) institutions should manage decision-makin
12 Such proteoforms (using synthetic peptide surrogates) act like alveolar surfactant proteins to rap
13 isceral adipose tissue (VAT), and identified surrogate agonist peptides, with differing affinities an
14 nin signaling in response to Wnt3a versus a 'surrogate agonist' that cross-links Fzd to LRP6, reveale
15 onoclonal antibodies, previously shown to be surrogate agonists for mutant INSR, were then tested by
16 AT-Treg cells expanded in vivo by one of the surrogate agonists preserved the typical VAT-Treg transc
17 4 bioanalytical assays detecting 6 different surrogate analyte classes representing at least 14 uniqu
18 g infection, we utilized vaccinia virus as a surrogate and showed that a vaccinia virus expressing MC
25 ifications of hemoglobin have been used as a surrogate biomarker for monitoring the oxidative stress
28 area under the curve [AUC] = 0.83); however, surrogate biomarkers had moderate performance in disting
29 plementation on serum cholesterol profile or surrogate biomarkers of cholesterol absorption and endog
30 ation for 24 wk had no significant effect on surrogate biomarkers of cholesterol absorption or endoge
32 e of nitric oxide as a spin probe and oxygen surrogate, both the small molecule and the peptide subst
33 ical innovations, such as genome editing and surrogate broodstock technologies, may further expedite
34 e saturation index (cTSI, cerebral perfusion surrogate), calf circumference (CC, central hypovolaemia
35 emonstrates that the use of unrepresentative surrogates can lead to substantial systematic errors in
39 terol-lowering medications (n = 114), plasma surrogate cholesterol absorption and endogenous synthesi
40 lements; three elements focused on caregiver-surrogate communication (admission meeting, follow-up me
41 Rs of pMHCII-specific CD4(+) T cells, and 2) surrogate coreceptor modules enhance the function of the
42 to the commercially available sulfur dioxide surrogate, DABSO, generates a metal sulfinate which is r
49 development, the CS activity was chosen as a surrogate end point to conservatively assess hemostatic
50 randomization and after 2 weeks, as primary surrogate end points of efficacy and safety, respectivel
51 f COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points (ECLIPSE) study.ResultsA total of 7
52 kidney disease (DKD) conventionally define a surrogate endpoint either as a percentage of decrease of
54 These results support the use of HVPG as a surrogate endpoint for interventions that lower portal p
56 evidence of the potential value of nGA as a surrogate endpoint in future intervention trials for the
61 ood and Drug Administration allows for using surrogate endpoints for accelerated regulatory approval,
62 surements of the pace of aging are needed as surrogate endpoints in trials of therapies designed to p
64 ovide a comprehensive review of clinical and surrogate endpoints used in trials for non-metastatic re
66 f COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) study.Measurements and Main Results
67 tablished correlates of clinical efficacy or surrogate endpoints, they remain critical to the overall
73 work was to explore (132)La as a PET imaging surrogate for (225)Ac using a DOTA-based, tumor-targetin
76 ed by a common spermicide (Nonoxynol-9, as a surrogate for any mechanism of cervical epithelial damag
78 sine levels in plasma during withdrawal as a surrogate for brain adenosine, which plays a role in fin
82 la and flagship species, and a comprehensive surrogate for conservation of freshwater biodiversity.
84 et concentration, the hybridization current (surrogate for detection sensitivity) increases with the
87 lusion: (18)F-FAC PET was shown to be a good surrogate for gemcitabine uptake and, when combined with
88 iate the potential limitations of 2-FDG as a surrogate for glucose metabolic rate and the potential r
90 fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19 levels (a surrogate for intestinal farnesoid X receptor [FXR] acti
91 regulate key cellular processes, serve as a surrogate for intracellular pH conditions, and provide a
95 egative (FN) screening examinations can be a surrogate for long-term outcomes, such as breast cancer
96 T among active tuberculosis (TB) patients (a surrogate for LTBI patients), high-risk populations, and
97 to test whether larval size can be used as a surrogate for migration potential arising from larval lo
98 We thus advise not using larval size as a surrogate for migration potential in distribution models
100 strong hemagglutination inhibition titers, a surrogate for neutralization of intestinal adhesion medi
102 wn that metastasis-free survival is a strong surrogate for overall survival (OS) in men with intermed
103 Particle gross beta activity was used as a surrogate for particle radioactivity and was measured fr
105 cess to care, cost may not be an appropriate surrogate for predicting clinical risk among vulnerable
106 e that GFR, even when estimated, is a useful surrogate for predicting secretory drug clearances in su
109 ement, electrical stimulation or a tap, as a surrogate for sedation and general anesthesia, respectiv
110 Increased rest fragmentation, a potential surrogate for sleep fragmentation, is independently asso
114 LG-1 is also disrupted by heparin, used as a surrogate for the extracellular matrix component, hepara
115 f techniques have been introduced in which a surrogate for the intractable density is learned, includ
116 zaphospholium triflate salt serves well as a surrogate for the introduction of the cationic 2-(1,2'-b
121 pears to represent an appropriate adenovirus surrogate for UV system performance evaluation and illus
122 ia chlorella virus (PBCV-1) as an adenovirus surrogate for validation of UV reactors was evaluated.
123 N-methyliminodiacetic acid) as an in situ CO surrogate for various palladium-catalyzed transformation
124 ti-RBD or anti-ECD IgG titers can serve as a surrogate for VN titers to identify suitable plasma dono
125 There is a need to identify nonpathogenic surrogates for adenovirus for the water treatment indust
126 L) and C(P), (2) accuracy when using C(P) as surrogates for C(L), (3) effects of experimental variabl
128 stigates the use of neoglycolipids (NGLs) as surrogates for GSLs for catch-and-release-electrospray i
135 nd Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis) Sterne, surrogates for potential bacterial bioterrorism agents,
137 ility that measurement of mtDNA damage is a "surrogate" for LRRK2 kinase activity and consequently of
139 l properties of the macrocycle with a linear surrogate have revealed significant effects of the struc
140 gs indicate that CSF sTREM2 could serve as a surrogate immune biomarker of neuronal injury in Parkins
141 herichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium, its surrogate in a mouse infection model, sense galacturonic
143 p of TAPBPR functions as an internal peptide surrogate in peptide-depleted environments stabilizing e
146 extended biological half-life of the GB1107 surrogate indicated that systemic administration is poss
147 reas the fast excretion profile of the TD139 surrogate indicated that systemic application of disacch
148 ion tests with SARS-CoV-2, and 15 tests with surrogates, indicated sunlight, ultraviolet light, ethan
149 e country where the case was reported, and a surrogate indicator of the historical strength of the co
150 night-time light data is first proposed as a surrogate indicator to mine and forecast the average hou
151 e metabolism have been limited by the use of surrogate insulin sensitivity indices, small sample size
153 g of the VRC26UCA heavy chain with the mouse surrogate light chain may contribute to this phenotype.
158 1 collagen-targeted gadolinium-based probe (surrogate marker for extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeli
160 ) remodeling) and an iron oxide-based probe (surrogate marker for inflammatory activity), in one imag
162 study aimed to evaluate vWF-Ag as an adjunct surrogate marker for risk stratification on the waiting
163 guidelines recommend trough monitoring as a surrogate marker for the target area under the curve ove
164 status of the optic nerve and will provide a surrogate marker in future remyelination clinical trials
166 rophy on serial MRI are frequently used as a surrogate marker of disease progression in Alzheimer's d
169 Allergen-specific IgG, which served as a surrogate marker of maintaining protective IgG responses
170 P-43-related disease, and which is used as a surrogate marker of non-amyloid-beta protein aggregation
171 om arterial plasma to tissues) was used as a surrogate marker of perfusion to correct the binding pot
174 ver-operating-characteristic curves for each surrogate marker were created and tested against each ot
182 artially independent of insulin resistance), surrogate markers of oxidative stress and gut microbial
183 to women of all ancestries; 2) intermediate surrogate markers of response to preventive measures; 3)
186 ed through external calibration, often using surrogate matrices, which has inherent limitations for t
187 1% for immuno-MALDI), without the need for a surrogate matrix or additional patient material for cali
188 medication level variability index (MLVI), a surrogate measure of adherence to immunosuppression in p
189 y detected malaria pigment provided the best surrogate measure of adverse birth outcomes in a high-tr
190 f MRI-assessed rectal cancer perfusion, as a surrogate measure of hypoxia, for local treatment respon
191 d socioeconomic deprivation and an objective surrogate measure of medication adherence in children po
194 after adjusting for patient characteristics, surrogate measures of disease severity, and clustering o
196 g two tumor models, an algorithm to retrieve surrogate measures of hypoxia levels from the images was
198 ovements in ejection fraction (P = 0.08) and surrogate measures of left ventricle compliance did not
199 has increasingly accepted less data and more surrogate measures, and has shortened its review times.
200 ion of agonist and the purified G(s) protein surrogate mini-G(s) (mG(s)) yielded a mobility-shifted a
201 from Rattus norvegicus (RHV) is a promising surrogate model due to its recapitulation of HCV-like ch
204 nst lethal infection in a Sendai virus mouse surrogate model of human HPIV3 disease when administered
205 .7 macrophages with Mycobacterium marinum, a surrogate model organism for M. tuberculosis, and found
207 experimental control, based on generating a surrogate model to interpolate experimental data, and a
209 networks have become the method of choice in surrogate modeling because of their ability to character
210 roblem formulation to develop physics-driven surrogate models that generate synthetic IR spectra from
213 Ectromelia virus (ECTV) causes mousepox, a surrogate mouse model for smallpox caused by variola vir
215 luble, Fzd subtype-specific "next-generation surrogate" (NGS) Wnts that hetero-dimerize Fzd and Lrp6.
217 eable sites at the metal ion is re-cast as a surrogate of a coordinatively-unsaturated metalloenzyme
218 We used Pb(2+), a structural and functional surrogate of Ca(2+), to generate the protein states with
219 clopropanes with trimethylsilyl cyanide as a surrogate of cyanide ion in the presence of B(C(6)F(5))(
222 n DNA repair, and positive immune score as a surrogate of interferon-primed exhausted CD8 + T-cells i
223 -Potentiation (LTP), an electrophysiological surrogate of learning and memory, but normal Abeta level
225 monary artery occlusion pressure (a frequent surrogate of left atrial pressure) in this population.
226 ve dissolution in the presence of the chosen surrogate of natural organic matter, Suwannee river fulv
227 MRI)-derived specific ventilation maps as a surrogate of noble gas MRI and to validate this approach
228 e and prolonged retention of an 89Zr-labeled surrogate of PEG~TLZ in the MX-1 BRCA1-deficient tumor.
231 estimate the skeletal muscle index (SMI), a surrogate of skeletal muscle mass, and to evaluate the s
233 th and membranous septum length, an anatomic surrogate of the distance between the aortic annulus and
235 In rodent models of NAFLD, treatment with a surrogate of TVB-2640, a pharmacological fatty acid synt
236 or HFD feeding on beta-cell proliferation or surrogates of beta-cell mass, supports a secretion-speci
238 ly derived from oil, while others can become surrogates of petrochemical polymers due to their excell
239 hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) as surrogates of silencing of covalently closed circular DN
240 rtheless, this compound was found to improve surrogates of social behavior in adults with autism spec
241 regard are numerous, and they target diverse surrogates of structural or tissue substrates of myocard
242 ral sugar derivatives are potential cyclitol surrogates of the Ca(2+)-mobilizing intracellular messen
244 approvals based on large-cohort trials with surrogate or intermediate clinical end points or on non-
246 progression and serve as "quasi functional" surrogate outcome in clinical trials, especially in cons
247 the 3 morphologic factors and may serve as a surrogate outcome measure to monitor GA progression in f
248 d by a model that treated agency as a reward surrogate, over models that assigned utility only to mon
250 r nephrotoxic model identified thrombin as a surrogate pathway for complement activation in C3-defici
251 based on the electrochemical oxidation of a surrogate peptide combined with mass spectrometric measu
254 yrosine-containing peptides were selected as surrogate peptides for quantitation, considering the oxi
260 t treats instrumental divergence as a reward surrogate provided a better account of male and female h
264 p toward realizing the enormous potential of surrogate sires as a tool for dissemination and regenera
266 iant mottled eel (A. marmorata) - can act as surrogate species for conservation of freshwater biodive
270 ncer (BC) comprises four immunohistochemical surrogate subtypes of which triple-negative breast cance
272 atalyzes the regioselective cyclization of a surrogate synthetic substrate, Ant-l-Kyn-N-acetylcysteam
273 osine ((th)G) is an isomorphic guanosine (G) surrogate that almost perfectly mimics G in nucleic acid
274 oxy-MIDA-boronate is an excellent in situ CO surrogate that is tolerant of reactive functionalities s
275 This paper advocates for the training of surrogates that are 1) consistent with the physical mani
276 We find that these two consistencies lead to surrogates that are superior in terms of predictive perf
278 , solanesyl pyrophosphate (SPP) is used as a surrogate to bind a terpyridine zinc complex (Tpy-Zn), f
279 lkene and with 2-aminopyridine as an ammonia surrogate to give the Markovnikov addition product.
280 common postdonation outcome could serve as a surrogate to individualize counseling and management for
281 s suggest that (132)La is a suitable imaging surrogate to probe the in vivo biodistribution of (225)A
282 .g., cis-pinonic acid) are typically used as surrogates to quantify both monomeric and dimeric SOA co
283 These cells were further engineered with a surrogate tumor antigen to facilitate assays of T cell a
286 we developed an R Shiny application [Visual Surrogate Variable Analysis (V-SVA)] that provides a web
288 d based on the weight value derived from the surrogate variable is suitable for exploiting both diver
292 of robust, scalable, and readily deployable surrogate viral assays to screen antiviral humoral respo
293 that uses synthetic DNA-lipid conjugates as surrogate viral receptors to tether virions to target ve
297 p of an accurate yet extremely efficient DNN surrogate, we revealed the statistics of model responses
298 cids and dimer esters as more representative surrogates, we determine that molecular products measure
299 ithmetic mean ensemble (OAME) method and the surrogate weighted mean ensemble (SWME) method for three