ライフサイエンスコーパス: suspend

1 f millions of small droplets that may remain suspended.

2 of all patients registered on the NKTWL were suspended.

3 d the membrane environment in which they are suspended.

4 on, HPV vaccination in research projects was suspended.

5 rsed under culture medium in which cells are suspended.

6 of the medium in which they are dissolved or suspended.

7 of all patients registered on the NKTWL were suspended.

8 y and rapid sample preparation consisting in suspending 20mg of sample in de-ionized water showed to

9 Though suspended 2D channel material has the potential to overc

10 a 350 nm lipid-bound cargo that encounters a suspended 3D actin filament intersection in vitro.

11 lly, we estimated that ISWs could induce and suspend 78.7 Mt/yr of sediment from shelf to deep-sea ar

12 zing the surface tension of liquid silver to suspend a CNT between two Pd electrodes, was proposed fo

13 eidenfrost point (LFP), a heated surface can suspend a liquid droplet above a film of its own vapor.

14 effective interaction between microparticles suspended a radio-frequency produced plasma sheath.

15 The sensing structure is constructed by suspending a stretchable strain-sensing membrane over a

16 etwork (OPEN) structure in which the 2DC can suspend above or coat the inside of the metal pores.

17 comprising large-crystal monolayer graphene suspended across the surface of an ultrastable gold spec

18 and GFP-labeled myosin molecules binding to suspended actin-thin filaments in a fluorescence-based s

19 he viability of bacteria and viruses in both suspended aerosols and stationary droplets using traditi

20 rvival was also poorer in those who had been suspended (aHR, 1.13; 1.01-1.28; P = 0.04).

21 rvival was also poorer in those who had been suspended (aHR: 1.13, 1.01-1.28, p=0.04).

22 ndwashing, restricting international travel, suspending all training and educational activities from

23 se physical damage to coastal ecosystems, re-suspend and transport antecedent seafloor sediment, whil

24 monitored microbial community composition of suspended and attached biomass.

25 ain phenolic compounds in various leaf discs suspended and cell-free extracts.

26 the ongoing brolucizumab treatment should be suspended and intensive treatment with potent corticoste

27 e cell-free and scalable synthesis of freely suspended and mechanically robust three-dimensional (3D)

28 n the active channels of the 2D material are suspended and nanoscaled.

29 The similarity in Pb isotope ratios in suspended and sinking particles implies close interactio

30 ed particulate (TSP) aerosols, seawater, and suspended and sinking particles in the Gulf of Aqaba (GO

31 ological and physical mechanisms that inject suspended and sinking particles to depth.

32 e identified 434 eyes in which treatment was suspended and that were tracked for at least 12 months t

33 while particles of less than 30mum remained suspended and traveled 5m after sifting by all flour sif

34 48.0% (588/1225) of those who were suspended and who were never transplanted died, most oft

35 y-eight percent (588/1225) of those who were suspended and who were never transplanted died, most oft

36 ate, a silicon nitride (SiN) membrane, and a suspended architecture are presented for their use as te

37 tures produces fumes, and these fumes can be suspended as aerosols via the vapor-to-particle (or -dro

38 tection of edge-mode electrical transport in suspended atomic-scale constrictions of single and multi

39 quilibrium Ag(+) binding isotherms to HA and suspended bacteria.

40 nt methods quantifying the extent to which a suspended bacterial population is aggregated mainly rely

41 checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy often is suspended because of immune-mediated diarrhea and coliti

42 ed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and a suspend-before-low feature (Medtronic MiniMed 640G with

43 roup) or to the MiniMed 640G system with the suspend-before-low feature enabled (intervention group),

44 sulin pump therapy with integrated CGM and a suspend-before-low feature reduced the frequency of sens

45 ine CD4 T cells, resident microglia remained suspended between the fetal and adult states.

46 to a monolayer of separated fibroblast cells suspended between two plates.

47 abundance of ARGs decreased gradually in the suspended biomass during operation of the AnMBR.

48 n of drug biomarkers in the presence of only suspended biomass in untreated sewage.

49 higher in the fouling layers compared to the suspended biomass, implying adsorption or an increased p

50 topological insulator and the surface is not suspended but in contact with the bulk.

51 g uphill diffusion in GeTe that is otherwise suspended by diffusionless athermal cubic-to-rhombohedra

52 thienylethene-BF(2)bdk triads CDB1 and CDB2, suspending carbazole and BF(2)bdk moieties on both sides

53 A suspended carbon nanotube (SCNT)-based field effective t

54 ke it possible to track the masses of single suspended cells and adherent cells.

55 any of these research efforts are focused on suspended cells and use a flow-through configuration.

56 Spatial manipulation of suspended cells based on their properties is an essentia

57 tive inoculation strategy to the use of free suspended cells for biological removal of micropollutant

58 work only with immobilized cells and not the suspended cells isolated from patient samples.

59 lectrical property variations, transport the suspended cells toward a hot-spot site of the chip, for

60 val in case of immobilized cells compared to suspended cells was mainly explained by a lower initial

61 een reactors inoculated with immobilized and suspended cells.

62 A cyclic olefin copolymer (TOPAS) suspended-core fiber guiding in the THz is extruded from

63 Here, the controlled interfiber spacing in suspended crosshatch networks of nanofibers induces cell

64 Suspending CSF1R blockade following ablation enabled spo

65 MD simulations suggest that the suspended CVD-grown structures are able to relax the app

66 Diapause is a state of suspended development that helps organisms survive extre

67 r deposition (ALD) cycles of zinc oxide onto suspended diamond nanomembranes, strongly reduces the th

68 gnificant barrier when he or she attempts to suspend disbelief and engage in the scenario.

69 We measure the electromagnetic properties of suspended DNA tweezer solutions from 50 kHz to 110 GHz a

70 een discovered which render polyhedral water-suspended droplets of several oils.

71 e these limitations, we present nano-SPEARs: suspended electrodes integrated into a scalable microflu

72 re media; (ii) colloidal characterization of suspended ENMs, particularly of properties that determin

73 IL-5 causes suspended eosinophils to polarize with filamentous (F)-a

74 ompared the concentrations of Vibrio spp. in suspended, farm-grown oysters and wild oysters at three

75 hanical magnetoelectric (ME) antennas with a suspended ferromagnetic/piezoelectric thin-film heterost

76 into the mechanisms of strain relaxation of suspended few-layered MoS2 structures that determine the

77 Our results support suspending fishing when prey biomass drops below critica

78 cle volume fraction and the viscosity of the suspending fluid.

79 n transverse to the direction of flow of the suspending fluid.

80 erglow properties of TPP(+) cations could be suspended for the hybrids containing low band gap emissi

81 be influenced by the presence of biomass in suspended form as well as attached to sewer walls (biofi

82 (Geukensia demissa), was studied in animals suspended from a commercial mussel raft in the urban Bro

83 l Kidney Transplant Waiting List (NKTWL) are suspended from the list at least once during their wait.

84 al Kidney Transplant Waiting List (NKTWL) is suspended from the list at least once during their wait.

85 tion grating with a transparent spacer and a suspended graphene layer to form a doubly resonant plasm

86 calable production of clean and high-quality suspended graphene membrane is promising toward their wi

87 ultraclean, high-intactness, and defect-free suspended graphene membrane.

88 ids to fabricate large-area and high-quality suspended graphene membranes has been achieved.

89 The atomically thin 2D nature of suspended graphene membranes holds promising in numerous

90 mited in size due to fatigue and fracture of suspended graphene membranes.

91 bsorbed light heats and thermally tensions a suspended graphene resonator, thereby shifting its reson

92 better mechanical stability compared to the suspended graphene sensor.

93 99% monolayer purity) and deposit them onto suspended graphene supports to enable atomic structure s

94 n nitride has transport properties rivalling suspended graphene, while being protected from contamina

95 gnitude, to the mobility values reported for suspended graphene.

96 led, raised from seed, and often grown using suspended grow-out systems called 'floating cages'.

97 ty structure and anammox species enriched in suspended growth (SGR) and attached growth packed-bed (A

98 two orders of magnitude, they remain easily suspended, handled and administered through standard mic

99 lling fluids may lose their effectiveness to suspend heavy particles and to carry drilled cuttings to

100 nal waveforms and performed experiments with suspended human cancer cells to characterize the perform

101 lagen using freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) to engineer components of th

102 y buckling and subsequent deformation of the suspended ice, with a threshold that depends directly on

103 It also announced that a class should be suspended if 1 student or staff member in it tested posi

104 nstrate that exogenously applied sphingosine suspended in 0.9% NaCl prevents cellular infection with

105 The harvested dextran particles were then suspended in a dichloromethane solution of polylatic-co-

106 automatically detect and track single cells suspended in a fluid and enables cell classification bas

107 Eggs are suspended in a gel of unknown composition that is expres

108 ield to electrically neutral flakes that are suspended in a higher electrical conductive matrix.

109 The inks are composed of silica powder suspended in a liquid and are printed using direct ink w

110 gnetophoretic flux of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in a medium exposed to a stationary magnetic f

111 magnetic phenomenon of levitating particles suspended in a paramagnetic liquid under a nonuniform ma

112 erial of functionalized silica nanoparticles suspended in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) matrix, the rheolo

113 n at 1873 K of 0% to 8% molten FeAl droplets suspended in a SiO2 enriched oxide medium was carried ou

114 The eyemate(R)-IO sensor was suspended in a sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution and

115 ryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), molecules suspended in a thin aqueous layer are rapidly frozen and

116 S2 on SiO2 , graphene/SiO2 , and on graphene suspended in air is elucidated.

117 de of an array of cylindrical nanoresonators suspended in air, scales with the radii of the nanoreson

118 y and merge two chemically distinct droplets suspended in an acoustic levitator is reported.

119 ield acting on a superparamagnetic microbead suspended in an active medium.

120 secondary organic aerosol (SOA) on a droplet suspended in an aerosol optical tweezers (AOT).

121 After 10weeks of storage, fractions suspended in an aqueous matrix underwent oxidation when

122 s filled with decamethylferrocene (DmFc) are suspended in an aqueous solution containing 10 mM NaClO(

123 stabilized by attractive colloidal particles suspended in an aqueous solution.

124 Spray-dried lactase powder was suspended in anhydrous milk fat/Span(R) 80 emulsified by

125 orods, NRs) with a Ni(BF(4) )(2) co-catalyst suspended in aqueous ascorbic acid evolve H(2) with an a

126 red on a zeolite or titanium dioxide support suspended in aqueous solution, catalyse the direct conve

127 actant and single-stranded DNA-wrapped SWNTs suspended in aqueous solutions manipulated by insulator-

128 horus-rich coating on BaTiO(3) nanoparticles suspended in culture media when prepared without alterat

129 that involves centrifuging of microparticles suspended in different density solutions, CsCl for micro

130 nology is evaluated using Ebola glycoprotein suspended in diluted PBS buffer, human serum, and plasma

131 ated sunlight rapidly inactivated SARS-CoV-2 suspended in either simulated saliva or culture media an

132 ium (EGaIn) liquid-metal alloy nanoparticles suspended in ethanol.

133 ean square displacements of tracer particles suspended in fibrin at different ageing times are obtain

134 tment period using hematite, a model Fe INP, suspended in filtered field waters.

135 F) that can be used for sizing nanoparticles suspended in gaseous media.

136 when the cPPA core-shell microcapsules were suspended in ion-containing acidic methanol solutions.

137 Using Lorentz TEM, it is observed that MNPs suspended in LC rotate to align with the applied field,

138 echniques enabling the observation of matter suspended in liquid by transmission electron microscopy,

139 ed media were effective against the bacteria suspended in liquid culture.

140 femtosecond pulses and MoS(2) nanoparticles suspended in liquid is studied.

141 rt a force or torque on biological particles suspended in liquid media.

142 w behaviour of nanometrically-thin platelets suspended in liquids.

143 emerging 3D culture platform in which cells suspended in Matrigel are seeded into paper scaffolds an

144 st current protocols start from single cells suspended in Matrigel, which can also restrict cell diff

145 ch were inoculated with wetland sediment and suspended in N2-purged artificial groundwater.

146 The aqueous droplets of varying radii suspended in olive oil are separated into different stre

147 dielectrophoretic forces acting on exosomes suspended in solution.

148 rm textures between circular polarizers when suspended in sub-millimeter size grids and immersed in w

149 e obtained using Ag nanoparticles, AgBr, KBr suspended in tetrahydrofuran solution of PVC and DOS and

150 persistence of the emulsified SOA particles suspended in the aqueous core suggests that this metasta

151 ncreased risk of premature mortality, and BC suspended in the atmosphere has a warming impact on the

152 Suspended in the CSF is an extracellular structure calle

153 production of small droplets that may remain suspended in the room environment for extended periods a

154 conducting channel is monitored as particles suspended in the solution translocate through the channe

155 the capillary, and the bacterial cells were suspended in the spacer electrolyte for injection.

156 anical sensors may remotely detect particles suspended in the surrounding fluid via controlled agitat

157 Following infection the virus is initially suspended in the tear film, where it encounters a multi-

158 ne, and polystyrene) of 32-651 um size-class suspended in the top 200 m of the Atlantic Ocean is 11.6

159 Furthermore, mussels grown suspended in the water column contained substantially lo

160 The mobility of PAA-nano-ZVI particles suspended in ultrapure water depended on the extent of f

161 dipole orientation of CdSSe/ZnS quantum dots suspended in vitreous ice.

162 elative recalcitrancy of particulate P pools suspended in water in the continuum of sources from land

163 onsist of an adsorbent-filled sachet that is suspended in water to collect eDNA over time.

164 greater than 90% LPS from protein solutions suspended in water using only one milligram (mg) of NPs,

165 oscopy in acetonitrile and with nanocrystals suspended in water, are reported.

166 When the decanter was suspended in water, the complexation of lycopene and pec

167 ree means to quantify multiple parameters of suspended individual submicrometer particles offers a cr

168 Suspending intracity public transport, closing entertain

169 To suspend IONP in PFH, OA was exchanged with perfluoronona

170 dothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted from suspended leukemia cells and adherent breast cancer cell

171 Thus, vertebrate diapause is a state of suspended life that is actively maintained by specific c

172 cidin A (gA) ion channels embedded in planar suspended lipid bilayers demonstrate that anionic gold n

173 by passing a liquid droplet through a freely suspended liquid membrane.

174 stent) to the grain size distribution of the suspended load, by performing a synergic analysis of in-

175 n appropriate minus sign) sloths undertaking suspended locomotion across a range of speeds.

176 ed the formation of hydrocolloidal system of suspended lycopene during processing.

177 on inertial sorting for perfusion culture of suspended mammalian cells.

178 The absence of motor vehicle traffic and suspended manufacturing during the coronavirus disease 2

179 prepared without alteration of the pH of the suspending media and imaged by cryo-STEM.

180 ed at different volume fractions (varphi) to suspending media containing the target particles/cells.

181 a pH change reduces ionic solubility in the suspending media to permit precipitation of calcium phos

182 The DEP behaviors of yeast cells in suspending media with different ionic concentrations, i.

183 ontaining 137 mM NaCl) was used as a protein suspending medium in place of water, reflecting positive

184 the ionic strength, viscosity, and pH of the suspending medium, and by the in-droplet flow profile.

185 ological and physical parameters of cell and suspending medium.

186 and thermoelectric junctions within a single suspended membrane nanostructure, yielding a bandgap-ind

187 mass spectral analysis showed that leaf disc suspended methanolic extracts had almost same phytochemi

188 Suspending micro- or nanoparticles in a liquid and cold-

189 Using the suspended microchannel resonator and protein synthesis a

190 enabled by the development of large-channel suspended microchannel resonators that allow us to monit

191 By using principles of open and suspended microfluidics, the Stacks system is easily ass

192 We show here that bromobenzene-suspended microrod crystals of the MOF NU-1000 can also

193 ile and 160muL of dichloromethane and the re-suspended mixture consisting in acetonitrile and sodium

194 evention of the formation of secondary small suspended Mo-containing particles.

195 48 meV, comparable to that of exfoliated and suspended monolayer crystals.

196 In the experiments, we use suspended monolayers that have few, if any, atomic-scale

197 evaluating the electrical characteristics of suspended MoS(2) FET, gating potential was applied throu

198 hia coli (E. coli) bacteria sensing from the suspended MoS(2) transistor by functionalizing dielectri

199 al was applied through an electrolyte on the suspended MoS(2) transistor.

200 ich cells reversibly exit the cell cycle and suspend most processes.

201 In this study, we found that ISWs could suspend much more sediments on deepwater areas than prev

202 Herein, we propose a method of using freely suspended nanoparticles to generate fluid pumping toward

203 nique that measures the size distribution of suspended nanoparticles.

204 urately determining the size distribution of suspended nanoparticles.

205 scribe a cost- and time-effective method for suspending nanoparticles and other photoactive materials

206 taining the additive Envirox, which utilizes suspended nanoscale cerium oxide to reduce particulate m

207 the specific transmission efficiency (TE) of suspended NPs.

208 the chromatin, nucleoskeletal components and suspending nucleoplasm.

209 de and single-layer graphene is prepared and suspended on the centimeter scale with an unprecedentedl

210 Patients suspended on the NKTWL have a significantly higher rate

211 microscale processes associated with freely suspended organisms, along with sinking particles underl

212 ging from proteins, bacteria, and gecko feet suspended over semiconductor surfaces to interfaces betw

213 ol may have a stronger effect than the total suspended particle (TSP) content as a whole on the spati

214 of PM(2.5) from PM(10) measurements or total suspended particle (TSP) measurements.

215 are special type of dispersions, composed of suspended particles (pulp) dispersed in a colloidal liqu

216 e osmosis utilize porous membranes to remove suspended particles and solutes.

217 ternative membraneless method for separating suspended particles by exposing the colloidal suspension

218 cilis in multiple perspectives together with suspended particles that allow us to analyse the flow fi

219 induce a convective flow, which carries the suspended particles until the reagents are consumed.

220 metal concentrations in oysters, water, and suspended particles were intensively monitored at 3 day

221 s of streambed sediments, stream bank soils, suspended particles, and filtered surface waters.

222 The highest concentrations of total suspended particles, PAHs, PCBs, PCNs, and PBDEs, were t

223 scontinuous rate-dependent materials without suspending particles.

224 Transports of suspended particulate (POCsusp) and dissolved (DOC) orga

225 7)Pb) have been measured in samples of total suspended particulate (TSP) aerosols, seawater, and susp

226 5 mum aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and total suspended particulate (TSP) samples.

227 per thousand) was observed between Hg in the suspended particulate and dissolved phases, and this fra

228 ic matrices (seawater, surface sediment, and suspended particulate materials, SPMs) from Miankaleh Wi

229 nt correlations between increased respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) deposition and chang

230 he novel use of eDNA extracted from archived suspended particulate matter (SPM) for identifying fish

231 Suspended particulate matter (SPM) is present in the nat

232 The fraction of TMPP sorbed to suspended particulate matter (SPM) was 56.4% of the tota

233 so transported into the environment by total suspended particulates emanating from beef cattle feed y

234 ties of PM(1) eventually enter the oceans as suspended particulates, yet subsequent removal mechanism

235 ides the decomposition of both dissolved and suspended pollutants.

236 10(6) membranes/cm(2)) of suspended polymer membranes with micrometric size (in th

237 gene amplicons to elucidate the attached and suspended prokaryotic community dynamics within three no

238 The absence of Midkine-a suspends proliferation and neuronal regeneration.

239 than half of the eyes in which treatment was suspended re-activated in the first year, but most re-ac

240 xpansion of the central bridge region of the suspended resistor at a rate of 1.8 frames/s by using ep

241 studied the nanoscale thermal expansion of a suspended resistor both theoretically and experimentally

242 he temperature and displacement field of the suspended resistor under a direct current (DC) input vol

243 COVID-19 pandemic, cancer screening has been suspended, routine diagnostic work deferred, and only ur

244 identify the eyes in which treatment may be suspended safely.

245 was to investigate the relationship between suspended scattering particles in motion (SSPiM) in opti

246 d to investigate the clinical implication of suspended scattering particles in motion (SSPiM) using o

247 Foveal ROI were analyzed to detect suspended scattering particles in motion (SSPiM).

248 a-vascular motion signal on OCTA were named "Suspended Scattering Particles in Motion (SSPiM)." Depth

249 Previous studies of the role of ISWs in suspending seafloor sediments and forming marine nephelo

250 concentration with moderate fidelity, while suspended sediment and water yields predicted THg yield

251 the development of continuous monitoring of Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) in channels/river

252 e ISW packet and variations of the deepwater suspended sediment concentration (SSC).

253 d its relationship with tidal state and bulk suspended sediment concentrations (SSC), over spring and

254 pability of remote sensing in characterizing suspended sediment in terms of grain size distribution a

255 s and is consistent with previous studies on suspended sediment rating curves.

256 27.0-18,500 kg km(-2) a(-1)) associated with suspended sediment than icebergs (0-241 kg km(-2) a(-1))

257 ous rivers on global silicate weathering and suspended sediment transport.

258 ral Tropical Pacific will generate plumes of suspended sediment which are anticipated to be ecologica

259 wonder about their influence on estimates of suspended sediment yield from a watershed.

260 oth cation (Ca(2+), Mg(2+), K(+), Na(+)) and suspended sediment yields with precipitation and extent

261 River discharge, suspended sediment, and dissolved organic carbon predict

262 nd rivers has demonstrated that increases in suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) can substantially

263 FRNs were much lower in suspended sediments and decreased with distance away fro

264 tish Columbia, Canada, and compare values to suspended sediments from the downstream river.

265 w concentrations of FRNs and contaminants in suspended sediments suggest that glacial meltwater and t

266 itions, and that muddy rains rapidly settled suspended sediments to construct extensive Early Noachia

267 paved tracks, gullies and channel banks) and suspended sediments were analysed for biogeochemical ele

268 Suspending self-propelled "pushers" in a liquid lowers i

269 sembly and self-alignment of freely in water suspended Si-dies at relatively low temperature (75 degr

270 Recent reports indicate that suspended skeletal and cardiac myosin, such as might be

271 When artificial selection was suspended, sleep increased in populations previously sel

272 nriched ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in suspended sludge SBR at 12 degrees C.

273 not only depend on dissolved Fe but also on suspended solid Fe particles and their mineralogy.

274 y produces effluent with 6 <= pH <= 9, total suspended solids (TSS) < 30 mg L(-1), and chemical oxyge

275 temperature, inorganic nutrients, and total suspended solids greatly contributed to the two indicato

276 ed from 79% to >=83%; total solids and total suspended solids showed 92% to >=99% removal efficiency,

277 produce about 50 kg of alkenes per tonne of suspended solids treated, with a significant reduction o

278 In the maximum turbidity zone (suspended solids up to 2600 mg L(-1)), the particle-asso

279 Following a pretreatment step to remove suspended solids, the juice was ultrafiltered through a

280 sewer biofilms-also relative to the in-sewer suspended solids-and improved prediction of associated f

281 sses beyond the usual heteroaggregation with suspended solids.

282 erstanding of the mechanism of dissolved and suspended solute transport near and in the membrane (i.e

283 ture design to set the combination of the re-suspended solvents.

284 cal measurements of cells and organisms in a suspended state by freeing them from the confines of the

285 Interestingly, suspended SWNTs showed both positive and negative dielec

286 ion, the polyp induces stirring and attracts suspended targets.

287 topic dermatitis, and hidradenitis have been suspended, terminated, or otherwise disrupted.

288 By suspending the spatially separated atomic wave packets i

289 gate the generation of electrical signals by suspended thermoelectrically coupled nanoantennas (TECNA

290 D treatment outcomes were considered to have suspended treatment if they had a 3-month or longer docu

291 Caution should be exercised to avoid suspending treatment prematurely.

292 Large suspended two-dimensional crystals and heterojunctions w

293 ids to screen e-e interactions in individual suspended ultra-clean CNTs.

294 ntly, little evidence supports the safety of suspending vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inh

295 Here we show that oil-suspended water droplets can spontaneously assume polyhe

296 ), ensure that stress responses are properly suspended when they are not needed, thereby conserving e

297 Semiconducting SWNTs of varying length suspended with sodium deoxycholate (NaDOC) show unique d

298 lla-zoster virus (YFV/VZV) vaccines was more suspended, with early IFN-associated responses in naive

299 opis) that actively capture prey while being suspended within a frame web [2-5].

300 ted fundamental mechanism by which particles suspended within stratification may self-assemble and fo