ライフサイエンスコーパス: tadpole

1 tode infection via trait-mediated effects on tadpoles'.].

2 motility in the intact albino Xenopus laevis tadpole.

3 sensory vesicle (simple brain) of the Ciona tadpole.

4 the developing visual system of the Xenopus tadpole.

5 -incompetent developmental stages of Xenopus tadpoles.

6 alis heterozygous, but not homozygous mutant tadpoles.

7 e optic tectum in stage 46-49 Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

8 f lung breathing, similar to water-breathing tadpoles.

9 ity profile reflects that of water-breathing tadpoles.

10 ensory inputs in the optic tectum of Xenopus tadpoles.

11 s during tail regeneration in Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

12 ocomotory swimming in post-embryonic Xenopus tadpoles.

13 ulus in the olfactory bulb of Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

14 -brain photoreception in Xenopus laevis frog tadpoles.

15 her studies of network maturation in Xenopus tadpoles.

16 ofacial defects in pre-metamorphic X. laevis tadpoles.

17 m neurons which drive swimming in young frog tadpoles.

18 fects observed on tectal neurons of Stage 45 tadpoles.

19 d to be executed in regeneration-incompetent tadpoles.

20 of cardiac function in translucent wildtype tadpoles.

21 al burdens in a frog kidney cell line and in tadpoles.

22 nile frogs that had been exposed to PBDEs as tadpoles.

23 arms by isolating Bd from dozens of infected tadpoles.

24 y reduced probability of infection in anuran tadpoles.

25 le tectal progenitor cells in Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

26 in triggering the metamorphosis of swimming tadpoles.

27 alamander larvae and their prey, Rana pirica tadpoles.

28 nous D-serine in the brain of Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

29 d visually-guided behavior in Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

30 /CD4(-) iT subset in unmanipulated frogs and tadpoles.

31 potent analog of propofol, in Xenopus laevis tadpoles.

32 eous activity in the optic tectum of Xenopus tadpoles.

33 kin stimuli evoke swimming in hatchling frog tadpoles.

34 s and abnormal tail morphogenesis in Xenopus tadpoles.

35 nate, augment GABA currents, and anesthetize tadpoles.

36 pecifically silence Rx expression in vivo in tadpoles.

37 l regeneration in the regeneration-competent tadpoles.

38 tode infection via trait-mediated effects on tadpoles.

39 ults without their microbiota manipulated as tadpoles.

40 ndance of phylum Fusobacteria in the guts of tadpoles.

41 terior-most spinal nerves of early X. laevis tadpoles.

42 espectively, whereas intermediate-acclimated tadpoles (19-25 degrees C) cleared the greatest proporti

43 as significantly reduced both in oocytes and tadpoles 40 weeks after deprivation, and brain DHA was r

44 olfactory system of mice and Xenopus laevis tadpoles, a discussion arose about the influence of thes

45 In a small fraction of Xenopus tadpoles, a single retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon misp

46 evidence that Perkinsea-like protists infect tadpoles across a wide taxonomic range of frogs in tropi

47 rotected the kidney-derived A6 cell line and tadpoles against FV3 infection, decreasing the infectiou

48 ine the growth response of red-eyed treefrog tadpoles (Agalychnis callidryas) to cues from a larval d

49 The external development of tadpoles allows manipulation and direct observation of t

50 Consistent with these findings, VPA-treated tadpoles also have increased seizure susceptibility and

51 We sampled Western Toad tadpoles (Anaxyrus boreas) living in As- and Sb-contamin

52 versus uncoupling of phenotypic evolution of tadpole and adult life-history phases, and for the under

53 prevalence of uncoupling in the evolution of tadpole and adult phenotypes of frogs.

54 s to M. marinum at two distinct life stages, tadpole and adult.

55 examined in RV (frog virus 3 [FV3])-infected tadpoles and adult frogs by quantitative PCR, and a reco

56 Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles and adults and whether any atrazine-induced cha

57 ugh anti-M. marinum immune responses between tadpoles and adults are different, tadpoles are as resis

58 infections by manipulating the microbiota of tadpoles and challenging them with parasitic gut worms a

59 nd retention kinetics were assessed in whole tadpoles and excised tissues using gamma spectroscopy, a

60 n preventing FV3 replication in A6 cells and tadpoles and inferior at promoting tadpole survival.

61 nockdown severely retarded the growth of the tadpoles and led to tadpole lethality prior to metamorph

62 emonstrate overt anesthetic activity in both tadpoles and rats with a potency slightly greater than t

63 s after manipulating the presence/absence of tadpoles and salamanders with offensive (broadened gape

64 portant resources for aquatic consumers like tadpoles and snails, causing bottom-up effects on wetlan

65 (rXlIFN-lambda) conferred less protection to tadpoles and the A6 cell line than rXlIFN, which may be

66 an axis reflecting the developmental rate of tadpoles and the inverse of their size at metamorphosis)

67 cluding annotating the synaptome of swimming tadpoles and tracing the evolutionary origin of cell typ

68 hiopod crustaceans are represented by fairy, tadpole, and clam shrimps (Anostraca, Notostraca, Laevic

69 or decreasing) reduced Bd in culture and on tadpoles, and every concentration tested (0.0106-106 mug

70 ns driving swimming locomotion in young frog tadpoles, and how activity is switched on and off by bri

71 Spontaneous synchrony bouts are rare in most tadpoles, and they instantly emerge from and switch back

72 e median anesthetic concentration (AC50) for tadpole anesthesia, but not when plotted against the ove

73 The importance of IFN-lambda in tadpole anti-FV3 defenses is underlined by the critical

74 s between tadpoles and adults are different, tadpoles are as resistant to M. marinum inoculation as a

75 Although critical neurons in intact tadpoles are capable of pacemaker firing individually, a

76 We hypothesized that tadpoles are more susceptible and elicit weaker immune r

77 ganglion and the tail of Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles are remodeled.

78 Data on the cranial nerve morphology of tadpoles are scarce, and only one other species (Discogl

79 The tadpoles are synthesized using two different thermorespo

80 herbivores in Subarctic wetlands, wood frog tadpoles, are capable of increasing their developmental

81 ing limb proprioceptive signals in amphibian tadpoles as a potential sensory substitute after UL migh

82 Using Xenopus tadpoles as an experimental system to investigate rewiri

83 Moreover, the multi-tadpole assemblies (MTAs) can stably encapsulate hydroph

84 We find that tadpole bacterial diversity is negatively correlated wit

85 antagonizes ethanol-induced anesthesia in a tadpole behavioral assay.

86 threat to amphibian populations, with anuran tadpoles being particularly susceptible to these viral i

87 IEF/SDS-PAGE examination of irradiated tadpole brain homogenate revealed labeled protein, ident

88 into the central nervous system in X. laevis tadpole but not adult.

89 significantly affect bacterial diversity of tadpoles, but significantly increased bacterial diversit

90 These findings were corroborated in Xenopus tadpoles by EFhd2 knockdown.

91 ing central nervous system of Xenopus laevis tadpoles by using in vivo time-lapse confocal microscopy

92 We found that tadpoles can adaptively improve and normalize abnormal c

93 In addition, the tadpoles can be dried, rehydrated, and stored in water f

94 Tadpoles can experience large temperature fluctuations i

95 In our laboratory experiments, we show that tadpoles can filter feed Bd zoospores and that the degre

96 Young Xenopus tadpoles can respond to head-skin touch by swimming, whi

97 suggest that a severe infectious disease of tadpoles caused by a protist belonging to the phylum Per

98 Pooled across salamander treatments, tadpoles caused salamanders to reach metamorphosis faste

99 Gene expression profiling confirmed poor tadpole CD8(+) T cell response, contrasting with the mar

100 zed eggs to their developing offspring until tadpoles complete metamorphosis [1-3].

101 Although the tadpoles completed metamorphosis, they accumulated among

102 r the head, tail or both without a change in tadpole configuration.

103 eshold into a rhythmic swimming pattern: the tadpole "decided" to swim.

104 likely occurred because IG predators reduced tadpole densities and anticercarial behaviors, increasin

105 Increased litter polyphenolics slowed tadpole development, leading to increased infection by i

106 imaging in vivo, we show that pMBP-eGFP-NTR tadpoles display a graded oligodendrocyte ablation in re

107 We found that tadpoles display efficient cardiac regeneration, but thi

108 ti-ring systems, single chain nanoparticles, tadpoles, dumbbells and hairpins, as well as the potenti

109 rdation in the growth and development of the tadpoles during metamorphosis and leads to tadpole letha

110 o the limb margin in amphibians with aquatic tadpoles, Eleutherodactylus coqui, a frog with terrestri

111 ry CD8(+) T cell response in adults, whereas tadpoles elicited only a noninflammatory CD8 negative- a

112 Without food, Xenopus laevis tadpoles enter a period of stasis during which neural pr

113 of all the epidermal cell types in the early tadpole epidermis and reinforces the suitability of this

114 Xenopus tadpoles exhibit a visual avoidance behavior that improv

115 rast to our previous findings that X. laevis tadpoles exhibit delayed and modest type I IFN responses

116 We observed induced carbaryl tolerance in tadpoles exposed to 0.5 mg/L carbaryl and also in tadpol

117 T3 concentrations were increased in tadpoles exposed to 200 ng/L of diuron at 34 degrees C a

118 o inventory the gut microbial communities of tadpoles exposed to cool (18 degrees C) or warm (28 degr

119 les exposed to 0.5 mg/L carbaryl and also in tadpoles exposed to predator cues.

120 We find that tadpoles exposed to VPA have abnormal sensorimotor and s

121 ht representative aquatic species (including tadpoles, fish, water fleas, protozoan, and bacteria) wi

122 e amputation plane of regeneration-competent tadpoles, forming the wound epidermis.

123 that neurons were morphologically simpler in tadpoles from frogs fed the deficient diet compared with

124 for Perkinsea-like lineages in livers of 182 tadpoles from multiple families of frogs.

125 malities were significantly greater in 5 dpf tadpoles from the highest exposure group when compared t

126 t of that paper was the production of normal tadpoles from the nuclei of intestinal epithelium cells

127 rial and fungal assemblages were compared in tadpoles from the pond of origin, across metamorphosis,

128 In swimming Xenopus laevis tadpoles, gaze stabilization is achieved by efference co

129 Anuran tadpoles gradually lose the capacity to regenerate limbs

130 H3K79 methylation play an important role for tadpole growth and development prior to metamorphosis in

131 expected, increased temperatures accelerated tadpole growth through day 30 of the experiment.

132 he community structure and membership of the tadpole gut.

133 aled that despite rXlIFN treatment, infected tadpoles had considerable organ damage, including disrup

134 ees C) and cold-acclimated (13-19 degrees C) tadpoles had fewer parasites encyst at warm and cold per

135 tissues are naturally corrected in X. laevis tadpoles has provided valuable insights into the mainten

136 Unlike mammals, Xenopus laevis tadpoles have a high regenerative potential.

137 Pre-metamorphic tadpoles have abundant lectin-labeled pericellular mater

138 in the United States, in which infected frog tadpoles have an abnormally enlarged yellowish liver fil

139 These findings challenge the view that tadpoles have defective antiviral immunity and suggest,

140 rogs that had reduced bacterial diversity as tadpoles have three times more worms than adults without

141 deprivation on the efficiently regenerating tadpole heart.

142 itional pacemaker neurons on one side of the tadpole hindbrain and spinal cord.

143 ct and indirect effects on key traits of the tadpole host (rates of growth, development and survival)

144 G) predators that consume both parasites and tadpole hosts did not.

145 st that these viruses are more pathogenic to tadpole hosts than was previously believed, causing exte

146 g per capita exposure rates of the surviving tadpoles (i.e., via density- and trait-mediated effects)

147 In the motor circuit of Xenopus tadpoles, I study how certain voltage-dependent ionic cu

148 rly developmental stages and (2) suppressing tadpole immunity.

149 more likely to survive to metamorphosis than tadpoles in 45-day mesocosms.

150 increased the odds of survival by 1.79, and tadpoles in 52-day and 64-day hydroperiod mesocosms were

151 frogs to provide chemical defenses to their tadpoles in both species.

152 ces endogenous TR function in premetamorphic tadpoles in the presence of T3.

153 Specifically, tadpoles in the warm treatment exhibited higher abundanc

154 terial diversity or community composition of tadpoles (in vivo or in vitro) or adults.

155 gth of the small intestine in premetamorphic tadpoles, in contrast to X. laevis, where it is present

156 t-from the onset of gastrulation to swimming tadpoles-in Ciona intestinalis.

157 caused large-scale morphological effects in tadpoles, including changes in brain morphology and incr

158 Anuran tadpoles, including those of Xenopus laevis, are particu

159 binding of TR in the control and T3-treated tadpole intestine.

160 The Ciona tadpole is constructed from simple, well-defined cell li

161 of IBF for pre-metamorphic Rana catesbeiana tadpoles is 41.5 mg/L (95% confidence interval: 32.3-53.

162 of MSI in the optic tectum of Xenopus laevis tadpoles is mediated by the network dynamics of the recr

163 Intriguingly, FV3 impaired A6 cell and tadpole kidney type III IFN receptor gene expression.

164 The tadpole larva of a sea squirt is only the second animal

165 ir hitherto unknown synaptic networks in the tadpole larva of a sibling chordate, the ascidian, Ciona

166 that a particular neuronal cell type in the tadpole larva of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, the bi

167 orsal tubular nervous system of the ascidian tadpole larva, Ciona intestinalis.

168 Ciona tadpole larvae exhibit a basic chordate body plan charac

169 al. show that manipulating the microbiota of tadpoles leads to increased susceptibility to parasitic

170 e tadpoles during metamorphosis and leads to tadpole lethality at the climax of metamorphosis.

171 tarded the growth of the tadpoles and led to tadpole lethality prior to metamorphosis.

172 he kidney-derived A6 cell line as well as in tadpole leukocytes and tissues.

173 tantly, we show that monomeric Httex1 adopts tadpole-like architectures for polyQ lengths below and a

174 e x-ray experiments reveal that AnBgl1 has a tadpole-like structure, with the N-terminal catalytic do

175 Furthermore, increased predation on tadpoles likely causes offensive phenotype individuals t

176 tion and secondary polyphenolic compounds on tadpole (Lithobates sylvatica) exposure and susceptibili

177 climation effects on infection of green frog tadpoles (Lithobates clamitans) by the trematode parasit

178 insea, while only 2.5% histologically normal tadpole livers tested positive (2/81), suggesting that s

179 In tadpoles, loss of righting reflex for these two ent-ster

180 thesis of chemically multifunctional polymer tadpoles made at high weight fractions of polymer (>10 w

181 Tadpoles mainly breathe water for gas exchange and frogs

182 from the lineage previously associated with tadpole mass-mortality events.

183 ctrophysiological characteristics of Xenopus tadpole midbrain neurons across development and during h

184 acts on the small soluble substrates, has a tadpole molecular shape are not entirely clear.

185 rior germ layer patterning, gastrulation and tadpole morphology.

186 mechanisms underlying initiation of a simple tadpole motor response may share similarities with more

187 the responses of adults, here we report that tadpoles mount timely and robust type III IFN gene respo

188 Notably, tadpoles mounted timely and more robust IFN-lambda gene

189 Livers from all PCR-tested SPI-tadpoles (n = 19) were positive for the Novel Alveolate

190 Multicompartment tadpole nano-objects are a rare and intriguing class of

191 robust FV3-elicited IFN gene expression than tadpoles; nevertheless, they also tolerated substantiall

192 of Bufo terrestris and Hyla cinerea, whereas tadpoles of B. terrestris (an obligate benthos feeder) g

193 lly diluted the risk of chytridiomycosis for tadpoles of Bufo terrestris and Hyla cinerea, whereas ta

194 CA) on thyroid function and metamorphosis in tadpoles of Lithobates catesbeianus.

195 Tadpoles of the American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeian

196 issue 'fingerprint' in spawn and early-stage tadpoles of the Common frog, Rana temporaria, using atte

197 The embryos and tadpoles of the frog Xenopus are increasingly important

198 acterium johnsoniae were administered to 240 tadpoles of the midwife toad, Alytes obstetricans in sem

199 Moreover, in the presence of tadpoles, offensive phenotype salamanders metamorphosed

200 l and metamorph emergence by 58% compared to tadpole-only treatments, and by over 30% compared to non

201 ic regions of tectal neuron dendrites in the tadpole optic tectum requires NMDA receptor activity.

202 cause atrazine does not affect microbiota of tadpoles or adults.

203 t tolerance or resistance to Bd intensity in tadpoles or adults.

204 dulatory pesticides in the United States, on tadpole (Osteopilus septentrionalis) survival and Bd gro

205 As hypothesized, tadpole pace-of-life was a significant positive predicto

206 verse of their size at metamorphosis) in our tadpole-parasitic cercarial (trematode) system, would be

207 ermediate hosts, causing opposing effects on tadpole per capita exposure to trematode infection.

208 Ultrafine single-chain tadpole polymers (SCTPs), containing an intrachain cross

209 Thus, in contrast to previous assumptions, tadpoles possess intact antiviral defenses reliant on ty

210 splayed more robust IFN gene expression than tadpoles, possibly explaining why they typically clear F

211 nventional T cell-mediated immunity, whereas tadpoles predominantly rely on iT cells.

212 ory metabolic mechanisms) can be observed in tadpoles present in the pond most impacted by pollution

213 rd cyclization, yielding up to 94% monomeric tadpole proteins.

214 Tadpoles provided with short-term visual enhancement gen

215 to the necessity of developing a free-living tadpole quickly in rapid developers.

216 In contrast, tadpoles rarely exhibited granulomas and tolerated persi

217 Tadpoles recover the ability to detect amino acids 4 day

218 phenotype salamanders reduced the number of tadpoles remaining in the pond over time by reducing tad

219 Tadpoles retained Se throughout metamorphosis, and parti

220 al FV3; however, infection in Xenopus laevis tadpoles revealed that FV3-DeltavIF-2alpha and FV3-Delta

221 that short hairpin RNA knockdown of nudC in tadpole rod photoreceptors, which leads to the inability

222 Members of this clade were present in 38 tadpoles sampled from 14 distinct genera/phylogroups, fr

223 The tadpole-shaped archaellin monomer has two domains, a bet

224 The European tadpole shrimp, Triops cancriformis, has undergone a tra

225 To test these hypotheses, we exposed seven tadpole species to a range of parasite (cercarial) doses

226 silence neurons on just one side of Xenopus tadpole spinal cord and hindbrain, which generate swimmi

227 of the development of neurons in the Xenopus tadpole spinal cord to include interactions between axon

228 In Xenopus frog tadpoles, spinal locomotor network output is adapted by

229 bial population signature persisted from the tadpole stage, through metamorphosis, and following prob

230 ring development and persisted into swimming tadpole stages without perturbing the expression of the

231 nal nonlinear topologies including circular, tadpole, star, and H-shaped proteins using genetically e

232 Although tadpole stimulation with rXlIFN prior to FV3 challenge m

233 Here, we show through transgenic tadpole studies that nudC is integral to rod cell disk f

234 they typically clear FV3 infections, whereas tadpoles succumb to them.

235 The impact of F. johnsoniae on the tadpole surface microbiome was assessed with shotgun met

236 viral burdens, it only transiently extended tadpole survival and did not prevent the eventual mortal

237 Offensive phenotype salamanders reduced tadpole survival and metamorph emergence by 58% compared

238 Tadpole survival was unaffected by the pesticides but wa

239 und that increased litter nitrogen increased tadpole survival, and also increased cercaria production

240 remaining in the pond over time by reducing tadpole survival, not by altering patterns of metamorph

241 cells and tadpoles and inferior at promoting tadpole survival.

242 A significant decrease in tadpole survivorship was observed at 209 mug/g while the

243 In Xenopus frog tadpoles, swim bout duration correlates linearly with in

244 respond to sensory stimulation by mimicking tadpole swimming behavior.

245 o parallel mechanisms have been proposed for tadpole swimming maintenance: postinhibition rebound fir

246 central pattern generator (CPG) for Xenopus tadpole swimming that involves antiphase oscillations of

247 ion and phasic inhibition can promote faster tadpole swimming.

248 We show in the Xenopus tadpole system that the gamma-glomerulus, which receives

249 Cultured tadpole tail fin treated with IBF for 48 h also demonstr

250 ng non-viral somatic transgenesis in Xenopus tadpole tail muscle, a setting that provides long term e

251 rican species Rana catesbeiana in a cultured tadpole tailfin (C-fin) assay to compare the effluents.

252 ls from adult frog legs or from regenerating tadpole tails do not promote limb regeneration, demonstr

253 scopy is capable of detecting differences in tadpoles that are present in selected ponds with differe

254 In these transgenic pMBP-eGFP-NTR tadpoles the myelin basic protein (MBP) regulatory seque

255 s of transcripts between control and exposed tadpoles, there was a significant relationship (r(2) = 0

256 al time, rXlIFN treatments failed to prevent tadpole tissue damage and mortality.

257 The presence of organic arsenicals in tadpole tissues suggests they have the ability to biomet

258 use the optic tectum of awake Xenopus laevis tadpoles to determine how a neuron becomes able to gener

259 We orally exposed Lithobates (Rana) pipiens tadpoles to environmentally realistic levels (0-634 ng/g

260 ngs demonstrate remarkable tolerance of toad tadpoles to extreme metalloid exposure and implicate phy

261 Offensive phenotypes also caused tadpoles to metamorphose 19% larger than no salamander t

262 ure model in which we exposed Xenopus laevis tadpoles to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a known convulsant

263 he ability of pre-metamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles to self-correct malformed craniofacial tissues.

264 The neuronal circuitry that allows frog tadpoles to swim in response to touch is well characteri

265 g the timing of amphibian metamorphosis from tadpoles to tetrapods, through the production and subseq

266 disorders in which we expose Xenopus laevis tadpoles to valproic acid (VPA) during a critical time p

267 ap refinement in vivo while exposing Xenopus tadpoles to visual stimuli.

268 aquatic vertebrate, the two-day-old Xenopus tadpole, to investigate how the brainstem and spinal cir

269 3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in tadpoles treated at higher temperature.

270 By using the intestine of premetamorphic tadpoles treated with or without T3 and for chromatin im

271 two-photon) and the visual system of albino tadpoles (two-photon).

272 FV3 than adults, contrasting with the poorer tadpole type I IFN responses.

273 ar the infection within a few weeks, whereas tadpoles typically succumb to this virus.

274 ty in X. laevis limbs, as well as incubating tadpoles under high oxygen levels, induces ICD.

275 expressed in the neural folds, and in early tadpoles undergoing organogenesis gtpbp2 is expressed pr

276 These results suggest that tadpoles use different immune mechanisms to resist diffe

277 ecies should decrease trematode infection in tadpoles via density- and trait-mediated effects on the

278 Here we used the Xenopus laevis tadpole visual system to test whether activity is instru

279 t cortical neurons and in the Xenopus laevis tadpole visual system.

280 ilization of developing axon branches in the tadpole visual system.

281 n of 1-azidoanthracene to albino stage 40-47 tadpoles was found to immobilize animals upon near-UV ir

282 1-aminoanthracene required to immobilize the tadpoles was significantly increased in the presence of

283 t avoidance assay in freely swimming Xenopus tadpoles, we demonstrate that CB1R activation markedly i

284 g semi-intact preparations of Xenopus laevis tadpoles, we determined the cellular substrate and the s

285 ture and visually evoked Ca(2+) responses in tadpoles, we found that inhibitory neurons cluster into

286 ring regeneration-competent and -incompetent tadpoles, we identified a previously unrecognized cell t

287 Stage 40-47 tadpoles were also incubated 1 h with microtubule stabil

288 Limnodynastes peronii tadpoles were exposed to dissolved (75)Se (as selenite)

289 ct on embryogenesis because normally feeding tadpoles were formed, consistent with the lack of matern

290 Trematodes or tadpoles were independently acclimated to a range of 'ac

291 Transgenic tadpoles were prepared with an elastase promoter driving

292 Tadpoles were then reared until stage 49, a time period

293 ) effect on Bd growth both in culture and on tadpoles, where low (0.0176-1.76 mug/L) and high (32-176

294 matodes) reduced metacercarial infections in tadpoles, whereas intraguild (IG) predators that consume

295 our developmental strategy to young Xenopus tadpoles, whose brainstem and spinal cord share a core v

296 eover, treatment of regeneration-incompetent tadpoles with immune-suppressing drugs restores myeloid

297 Furthermore, in young tadpoles with low class Ia expression, deep sequencing r

298 by injecting the tail of Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles with peptide 4.2, a 20-aa sequence derived from

299 ments (40-50 nucleotides) in 4.4-25.7% of F0 tadpoles, with germline transmission.

300 er of exposed pre-metamorphic R. catesbeiana tadpoles within 6 d.