ライフサイエンスコーパス: thylakoid

1 +) flux, localizes to the tonoplast, not the thylakoid.

2 nslocon that inserts unfolded Plsp1 into the thylakoid.

3 chloroplast through PRXQ associated with the thylakoids.

4 s being protein-bound within chloroplastidal thylakoids.

5 f prothylakoids develop into the chloroplast thylakoids.

6 t different isoforms associate with PDMs and thylakoids.

7 used in flattened membrane structures called thylakoids.

8 thetic complexes of barley (Hordeum vulgare) thylakoids.

9 of DeltapH to the proton-motive force across thylakoids.

10 e trafficking from the inner envelope to the thylakoids.

11 Photosynthesis occurs in thylakoids, a highly specialized membrane system.

12 n thylakoid membranes, and in their absence, thylakoids adopt an increasingly "fluid membrane" state.

13 Hydrocarbons were shown to accumulate in thylakoid and cytoplasmic membranes.

14 a and plastids, and of plastid subfractions (thylakoids and envelopes), using HPLC high-resolution ta

15 PCC 6803 (hereafter Synechocystis 6803), the thylakoids are arranged parallel to the plasma membrane

16 ore layers, differentiating them from stroma thylakoids as central chloroplasts matured.

17 supported by the absence of TPK3 in isolated thylakoids as well as the inability of isolated chloropl

18 2-cysteine (2-Cys) peroxiredoxins (PRXs) and thylakoid ascorbate peroxidase (tAPX), have been propose

19 eviously showed that WKS1 phosphorylates the thylakoid ascorbate peroxidase protein and reduces its a

20 m the inner envelope membrane contributed to thylakoid assembly.

21 Plastoglobuli (PG) are thylakoid-associated monolayer lipid particles with a sp

22 res both FATTY ACID DESATURASE4 (FAD4) and a thylakoid-associated redox protein, PEROXIREDOXIN Q (PRX

23 xygen evolution under light, indicating that thylakoid-based RTOs are able to compensate partially fo

24 , the Sec2 system, is homologous to both the thylakoid-based Sec1 system and bacterial Sec systems, a

25 nthesis (expression, chloroplast import, and thylakoid binding), the differences between Ler and Sha

26 e results underscore the role of vesicles in thylakoid biogenesis and/or maintenance.

27 to influence downstream processes leading to thylakoid biogenesis.

28 in light-induced chloroplast development and thylakoid biogenesis.

29 Sha did not have a reduced level of thylakoid-bound NCED3 but did differ from Ler in the app

30 tic sugar responses as well as mechanisms of thylakoid breakdown and biogenesis in chloroplasts.

31 eoviscous adaptation" of extraplastidial and thylakoid cell membranes, induced by the presence of ars

32 reserve in vivo structure, the separation of thylakoid complexes was performed by native PAGE and suc

33 We demonstrate that the grana/stroma thylakoid connections have a helical character starting

34 ave previously been shown to exhibit reduced thylakoid contents and increased stromal volume, indicat

35 Since oligomerization of thylakoid curvature protein (CURT1A) was unaffected by t

36 This mechanism is enabled by extensive thylakoid destacking allowing for the mixing of PSII wit

37 nsequences for remediating mismatches in the thylakoid energy budget.

38 re, we report on the characterization of the THYLAKOID ENRICHED FRACTION30 (TEF30) protein in Chlamyd

39 When changing the native thylakoid environment to a model membrane the protein fl

40 otosystem II operating efficiency, and their thylakoids exhibited a decreased rate of electron transp

41 specific lanthanides and immunoreacted with thylakoids exposed to Mn deficiency after western blotti

42 re dislocated, suggesting the existence of a thylakoid fission machinery.

43 Here, an optimized thylakoid fragmentation procedure combined with detailed

44 cular arrays of PSI complexes are present in thylakoids from Thermosynechococcus elongatus, Synechoco

45 eat stress, polyunsaturated fatty acids from thylakoid galactolipids are incorporated into cytosolic

46 tent with the "Velcro" hypothesis to explain thylakoid grana stacking.

47 that chloroplast enlargement is sustained by thylakoid growth and that invaginations from the inner e

48 alogue 4 inhibits photosystem II in isolated thylakoids in vitro.

49 c with aberrant chloroplasts and undeveloped thylakoids, indicating an essential role for SCY2 in chl

50 In central chloroplasts undergoing division, thylakoids inside the cleavage furrow were kinked and se

51 loroplast chaperonin (Cpn60) facilitated the thylakoid integration of Plastidic type I signal peptida

52 thylakoid lumen acidification, manipulating thylakoid ion and proton flux via transport proteins cou

53 To gain a comprehensive understanding of how thylakoid ion flux impacts photosynthetic efficiency und

54 Our results underpin the importance of the thylakoid ion transport proteins potassium cation efflux

55 id proton motive force (pmf) is regulated by thylakoid ion transport.

56 t aspect of the current understanding of the thylakoid ion transportome is inaccurate.

57 The localization of TPK3 outside of the thylakoids is further supported by the absence of TPK3 i

58 nel TPK3, which had been reported to mediate thylakoid K(+) flux, localizes to the tonoplast, not the

59 on Cr light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) in thylakoid lipid bilayers to detect LHCII conformational

60 Contrary to thylakoid lipid biosynthetic enzymes, the functions of m

61 simulations provide detailed insights in the thylakoid lipid fingerprint of LHCII which compares well

62 Hence, thylakoid lipid metabolism and TAG formation increases t

63 We propose that acyl exchange involving thylakoid lipids functions in acyl export from plastids

64 These thylakoid lipids have important roles in photosynthesis.

65 In Nannochloropsis, thylakoid lipids, including monogalactosyldiacylglycerol

66 t been determined, a mutant deficient in the thylakoid-localized respiratory terminal oxidases and Cy

67 tion process is proportional to light-driven thylakoid lumen acidification, manipulating thylakoid io

68 At2g44920 is predicted to be located in the thylakoid lumen although its biochemical function remain

69 e that Mn export from the cytoplasm into the thylakoid lumen is crucial to prevent toxic cytoplasmic

70 r enriched subcellular locations such as the thylakoid lumen or chloroplast envelope.

71 opsis thaliana mutants with altered rates of thylakoid lumen proton efflux, leading to a range of ste

72 transport of manganese and calcium into the thylakoid lumen remains poorly understood.

73 ke the plant-type VDE that is located in the thylakoid lumen, the Chlamydomonas CVDE protein is locat

74 ring HCO(3) (-) from outside the cell to the thylakoid lumen, where the carbonic anhydrase 3 (CAH3) d

75 tii Activation of NPQ requires low pH in the thylakoid lumen, which is induced in excess light condit

76 ion of high salt resulted in swelling of the thylakoid lumen.

77 abidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Deg1 in the thylakoid lumen.

78 in the chloroplast stroma to CAH3 inside the thylakoid lumen.

79 Here we report that the chloroplast thylakoid lumenal protein MAINTENANCE OF PHOTOSYSTEM II

80 In contrast, the thylakoid lumenal proteome showed a wide diversity of N-

81 ated to LHCSR3 activity, and is dependent on thylakoid luminal pH.

82 in our experiments), the conductivity of the thylakoid membrane (largely reflecting the activity of t

83 marily triggered by a pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane (pH).

84 n the electrochemically positive side of the thylakoid membrane activates the kinase domain of Stt7 o

85 ow that SCY1 and ALB3 target directly to the thylakoid membrane and are likely independent of SEC2.

86 required increased proton pumping across the thylakoid membrane and elevated adenosine triphosphate p

87 mported proteins are further targeted to the thylakoid membrane and lumen by the SEC1, TAT, or SRP/AL

88 chlorophyll molecules that accumulate in the thylakoid membrane and, together with carotenoids, bind

89 alt and low temperature exhibited comparable thylakoid membrane appression to that of C. reinhardtii

90 membranes indicated that UWO241 altered its thylakoid membrane architecture and reorganized the dist

91 iency, tolerance to light stress, and impact thylakoid membrane architecture.

92 ansitions using a lattice-based model of the thylakoid membrane based on existing structural data, de

93 rotein in plastids 1), has a crucial role in thylakoid membrane biogenesis and maintenance.

94 , under stress conditions, LCNP protects the thylakoid membrane by enabling sustained NPQ in LHCII, t

95 FLUORESCENCE244 (HCF244) is tethered to the thylakoid membrane by the OHP heterodimer.

96 s, together with the recent elucidation of a thylakoid membrane complex that functions in PSII assemb

97 Other thylakoid membrane complexes accumulated to normal level

98 As a demonstration, we explore the thylakoid membrane components of Chlamydomonas reinhardt

99 cpSecA-dependent signal sequence engages the thylakoid membrane cotranslationally.

100 mutants lacking hydrocarbons exhibit reduced thylakoid membrane curvature compared to wild type.

101 t emerge in the periodic geometry of stacked thylakoid membrane disks.

102 Passive ion channels in the thylakoid membrane dissipate the membrane potential (Del

103 nd directs charge separation (CS) across the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis.

104 etic performance through their modulation of thylakoid membrane dynamics.

105 osynthesis and respiration in an interlinked thylakoid membrane electron transport chain.

106 monomeric and trimeric LHCII in a realistic thylakoid membrane environment based on the Martini forc

107 iluting multiple recycling components in the thylakoid membrane following a photodamage event.

108 , and pH homeostasis to plastid division and thylakoid membrane formation.

109 , the stacking of part of the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane generates two main subcompartments: t

110 The long-term adjustment of thylakoid membrane grana diameter positively correlated

111 The thylakoid membrane has a unique lipid composition, consi

112 pe, but the transporter thought to be on the thylakoid membrane has not been identified.

113 vidence that interactions with lipids in the thylakoid membrane have reconstitutive chaperoning activ

114 The role of natural thylakoid membrane housing of Photosystem I (PSI), the t

115 hPG bilayer membranes that mimic the natural thylakoid membrane housing of PSI is introduced.

116 elle compartments physically attached to the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts.

117 To understand the biogenesis of the thylakoid membrane in higher plants and to identify auxi

118 s the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the thylakoid membrane in plants.

119 (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), helps maintain thylakoid membrane integrity in the dark.

120 (proton motive force) across the illuminated thylakoid membrane into electrical potential difference

121 of transcripts encoding proteins involved in thylakoid membrane lipid recycling suggested more abrupt

122 Thylakoid membrane lipids, comprised of glycolipids and

123 the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria and the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.

124 a well-characterized protein complex in the thylakoid membrane of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (hereaf

125 ns function in the insertion and assembly of thylakoid membrane protein complexes.

126 SIS AFFECTED MUTANT71 (PAM71) is an integral thylakoid membrane protein involved in Mn(2+) and Ca(2+)

127 ydomonas reinhardtii mutant lacking CGL71, a thylakoid membrane protein previously shown to be involv

128 RBD1 is an integral thylakoid membrane protein that is enriched in stroma la

129 alysis indicated that Slr1796 is an integral thylakoid membrane protein.

130 showed a more severe defect with respect to thylakoid membrane proteins and accumulated only 10% of

131 In SCY2 down-regulated seedlings, several thylakoid membrane proteins, including SCY1, ALB3, and T

132 The cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane represents a model membrane that can

133 d electrochemical proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane result in a significant driving force

134 3 assessed the flexibility of cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane sheets and the dependence of the memb

135 I Signal Peptidase 1 (Plsp1) is an integral thylakoid membrane signal peptidase that requires an int

136 oscopy images revealed significantly reduced thylakoid membrane stacking in TEF30-underexpressing cel

137 Thylakoid membrane stiffness was also measured using ato

138 f the fluorescence decay components; and (3) thylakoid membrane stiffness.

139 of the light-absorbing centres and a stable thylakoid membrane stiffness.

140 recent findings about the plasticity of the thylakoid membrane system in response to different light

141 ation of photosynthetic complexes within the thylakoid membrane to adapt to changing environmental co

142 the ability to adjust the composition of the thylakoid membrane to optimise the efficiency of electro

143 We present a direct observation of thylakoid membrane undulatory motion in vivo and show a

144 K(+)/H(+) antiport across the thylakoid membrane via K+ EXCHANGE ANTIPORTER3 (KEA3) in

145 of the Photosystem II complex embedded in a thylakoid membrane with realistic composition.

146 ynthesis take place in the plant chloroplast thylakoid membrane, a complex three-dimensional structur

147 trate that all 3 proteins are located on the thylakoid membrane, and interactome studies indicate tha

148 copper-transporting P1B -type ATPase in the thylakoid membrane, required for the maturation of plast

149 uinone pool while pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane, thereby increasing the amount of ATP

150 and physiological function of an Arabidopsis thylakoid membrane-associated lipase, PLASTID LIPASE1 (P

151 Thylakoid membrane-bound FtsH proteases have a well-char

152 Presumably, the thylakoid membrane-bound FtsH5 and FtsH2 have dual funct

153 proton-coupled electron transfer across the thylakoid membrane.

154 lorophyll a/b-binding proteins (LHCP) to the thylakoid membrane.

155 bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the plant thylakoid membrane.

156 usion showed that the protein resides in the thylakoid membrane.

157 olved in thiol-disulfide biochemistry at the thylakoid membrane.

158 ential to the proton motive force across the thylakoid membrane.

159 at the proximity of the stromal face of the thylakoid membrane.

160 rotein is located on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane.

161 indicate that MSH1 also associates with the thylakoid membrane.

162 place in the amphiphilic environment of the thylakoid membrane.

163 yield at reaction centers in the functional thylakoid membrane.

164 SI) and photosystem II (PSII) located in the thylakoid membrane.

165 arvesting chlorophyll binding protein to the thylakoid membrane.

166 in a well-defined protein environment in the thylakoid membrane.

167 ion retaining its patchy distribution in the thylakoid membrane.

168 lated PSBS (p-PSBS) could be detected in the thylakoid membrane.

169 (6)-ferredoxin/oxidoreductase located in the thylakoid membrane.

170 he photosystems, albeit its abundance in the thylakoid membrane.

171 t absorption, and pigment binding within the thylakoid membrane.

172 nome and cotranslationally inserted into the thylakoid membrane.

173 ography to reveal the native architecture of thylakoid membranes (Engel et al., 2015).

174 ating a Gram-negative cell wall and internal thylakoid membranes (TMs).

175 MGDG, DGDG, SQDG, and PG establish the thylakoid membranes and are integral constituents of the

176 Here, we studied the lipid composition of thylakoid membranes and chloroplast ultrastructure in is

177 ds on the generation of a pH gradient across thylakoid membranes and on the presence of a protein cal

178 How thylakoid membranes are formed and maintained is poorly

179 m II (PSII), and cytochrome (Cyt) b6f within thylakoid membranes at the molecular level.

180 The cells harbor thylakoid membranes composed of lipids related to those

181 Knowledge of cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes could also be extended to other cell

182 uggested to initiate destacking of appressed thylakoid membranes due to increased electrostatic repul

183 Grana stacking in plant chloroplast thylakoid membranes dynamically responds to the light en

184 rane, FAD4 was primarily associated with the thylakoid membranes facing the stroma.

185 and mobility of photosynthetic complexes in thylakoid membranes from a model cyanobacterium, Synecho

186 Light-dependent [gamma-(33)P]ATP labeling of thylakoid membranes from Chlamydomonas sp. UWO241 exhibi

187 equence of alterations in the photosynthetic thylakoid membranes helps prepare the plant for the desi

188 Thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts contain photosynthet

189 Thylakoid membranes in dark-maintained fdx5 mutant cells

190 Thylakoid membranes in land plant chloroplasts are organ

191 nobacterial cells and the arrangement of the thylakoid membranes in response to environmental conditi

192 sion of solar into chemical energy occurs in thylakoid membranes in the chloroplast.

193 We observed softer thylakoid membranes in the dark that have three-to four

194 PSI combined with digitonin fractionation of thylakoid membranes indicated that UWO241 altered its th

195 The lipid composition of thylakoid membranes inside chloroplasts is conserved fro

196 topology, we map the molecular landscapes of thylakoid membranes inside green algae cells.

197 native organization of PSI in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes is poorly understood.

198 ergy, yet the development of chloroplast and thylakoid membranes is poorly understood.

199 ity of individual protein complexes in grana thylakoid membranes isolated from Spinacia oleracea.

200 bution support the idea that the stacking of thylakoid membranes leads to a division of labor that es

201 te NMR spectroscopy on native, heterogeneous thylakoid membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr) an

202 It is well established that thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts convert light energy

203 For thylakoid membranes of higher plants, a long-standing qu

204 1-containing PGs primarily contribute to the thylakoid membranes of M cells, whereas BS chloroplasts

205 s the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the thylakoid membranes of plant chloroplasts.

206 The thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast harbor the photos

207 exogenously, they were both able to protect thylakoid membranes prepared from Arabidopsis (Arabidops

208 t composition, and their interactions in the thylakoid membranes remain elusive in different diatoms.

209 Thylakoid membranes scaffold an assortment of large prot

210 ide intact and photosynthetically functional thylakoid membranes to be able to understand its structu

211 tii Chlororespiration, which is localized in thylakoid membranes together with the photosynthetic ele

212 Under photosynthetic conditions these thylakoid membranes undergo various dynamical processes

213 vestigated PsbS-LHCII interactions in native thylakoid membranes using magnetic-bead-linked antibody

214 photosynthetic activity, disorganization of thylakoid membranes, accumulation of lipid bodies, and a

215 e enzymatic products of AtCPT7 accumulate in thylakoid membranes, and in their absence, thylakoids ad

216 ts mature form, localizes in the chloroplast thylakoid membranes, and is correctly folded with chloro

217 ent Photosystem II 'repair zones' within the thylakoid membranes, and the possible advantages of such

218 most abundant lipid in plant photosynthetic thylakoid membranes, but its impact on the functionality

219 In thylakoid membranes, fast dynamics of protein and pigmen

220 The architecture of thylakoid membranes, however, also provides opportunitie

221 rvesting antenna system of photosystem II in thylakoid membranes, light-harvesting complex II (LHCII)

222 ble diffusion of photosynthetic complexes in thylakoid membranes, representative of the reorganizatio

223 localization of two major anionic lipids in thylakoid membranes, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQD

224 rganized, incorporating an array of internal thylakoid membranes, the site of photosynthesis, into ce

225 was associated with the reduced fluidity of thylakoid membranes, which in turn negatively affects ph

226 c electron transfer chains, entangled in the thylakoid membranes.

227 localized to the stroma and the periphery of thylakoid membranes.

228 nance of the photosynthetic apparatus in the thylakoid membranes.

229 at the chloroplast envelope and HMA8 in the thylakoid membranes.

230 n size, reflecting their role in dismantling thylakoid membranes.

231 TEF30 is associated with the stromal side of thylakoid membranes.

232 he generation of an H(+) gradient across the thylakoid membranes.

233 sion of photosynthetic components in crowded thylakoid membranes.

234 tent, as well as poorly developed, unstacked thylakoid membranes.

235 medium-chain hydrocarbons in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes: they regulate redox balance and red

236 imately 55 carbons, which then accumulate in thylakoid membranes; and (2) these polyprenols influence

237 plexes are not constitutively present in the thylakoid membranes; however, in laboratory conditions t

238 Plant photosynthetic (thylakoid) membranes are organized into complex networks

239 Our results indicate that Mnx functions as a thylakoid Mn transporter and is a key player in maintain

240 ing challenge to visualize how the intricate thylakoid network organizes these protein complexes to f

241 n modeled cyanobacterial cells provided that thylakoid network permeability is maintained to facilita

242 atial constraints imposed by their extensive thylakoid network.

243 roteins, subunits of the RNA polymerase, and thylakoid nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced) an

244 TURE THYLAKOID1 family, results in disrupted thylakoid organization and the absence of biogenesis cen

245 electrostatic forces induce modifications in thylakoid organization.

246 inding to PSII was severely reduced in pam71 thylakoids, particularly in PSII supercomplexes.

247 R-induced de-greening and reduced numbers of thylakoids per granum, suggesting that BIN2 positively r

248 he moss Physcomitrella patens, assessing the thylakoid phospho-protein profile and dynamics in respon

249 easured multiple spectroscopic properties of thylakoid preparations directly in native polyacrylamide

250 I, LHCII, and CURT1B support the dynamics of thylakoid protein complexes that are crucial in the opti

251 r an active role for NO in the remodeling of thylakoid protein complexes upon sulfur starvation.

252 The dual control of thylakoid protein dephosphorylation and the more complex

253 reversible phosphorylation of the N-terminal thylakoid protein domains and changes in electrostatic f

254 Arabidopsis MET1 is a peripheral thylakoid protein enriched in stroma lamellae and is als

255 Coordinated function of thylakoid protein kinases and phosphatases is shown to s

256 nto the appearance and physiological role of thylakoid protein phosphorylation during evolution of ox

257 Here, we analyzed thylakoid protein phosphorylation in the moss Physcomitr

258 asts of land plants, distinct differences in thylakoid protein phosphorylation patterns have emerged

259 [STN8]) disclosed a moss-specific pattern of thylakoid protein phosphorylation, both with respect to

260 o gain insight into the role and dynamics of thylakoid protein phosphorylation, we used targeted prot

261 ), which encodes a paralog of the well-known thylakoid protein targeting factor ALB3.

262 lude that ALB4 and STIC2 both participate in thylakoid protein targeting, potentially for a specific

263 LBINO3 (ALB3) is a well-known component of a thylakoid protein-targeting complex that interacts with

264 ethods we investigated how the levels of 402 thylakoid proteins, including many regulatory proteins n

265 High salt-grown UWO 241 exhibited increased thylakoid proton motive flux and an increased capacity f

266 The thylakoid proton motive force (pmf) generated during pho

267 The composition of the thylakoid proton motive force (pmf) is regulated by thyl

268 ctivity in ntrc resulted in a buildup of the thylakoid proton motive force with subsequent activation

269 recent insights about the regulation of the thylakoid proton motive force, ATP/NADPH balancing mecha

270 ered in pam71, with Ca(2+) enriched in pam71 thylakoids relative to the wild type.

271 s that the photosynthetic process is tied to thylakoid rigidity in this type of cyanobacterial cell.

272 ty of microscopic protein arrangement to the thylakoid's mesoscale vertical structure raises intrigui

273 resides in flattened membrane sheets called thylakoids, situated in the peripheral part of the cellu

274 nsights into the molecular forces that drive thylakoid stacking and reveal that photosystems I and II

275 Unlike state transitions, however, thylakoid stacking dynamics did not rely on the presence

276 cs, reversibility, and regulation of dynamic thylakoid stacking in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and Ar

277 lude that the primary determinant of dynamic thylakoid stacking is LHCII phosphorylation.

278 utants are seedling lethal, show a defect in thylakoid structure, and lack chloroplast vesicles.

279 system II (PSII) assembly forms in different thylakoid subcompartments.

280 ition involves the de novo biogenesis of the thylakoid system and requires reprogramming of metabolis

281 I domains within the context of the complete thylakoid system.

282 sults suggested Cpn60 was an intermediate in thylakoid targeting of Plsp1.

283 ocalized to distant unstacked regions of the thylakoids that harbor PSI.

284 In isolated thylakoids, the integration of Plsp1 decreased when Cpn6

285 ut SAFE1, grana margins (GMs) of chloroplast thylakoids (Thys) are specifically damaged upon (1)O(2)

286 periodic arrangement of the light-absorbing thylakoid tissue itself.

287 ential affinity for the plasma membrane over thylakoids to correctly position the FtsZ ring.

288 1 presumably functions in Mn(2+) uptake into thylakoids to ensure optimal PSII performance.

289 This new approach to charting thylakoid topology lays the foundation for dissecting ph

290 Thylakoid transmembrane proteins in the stroma can inter

291 Chloroplasts integrate nearly all thylakoid transmembrane proteins posttranslationally, bu

292 nthesis, in the photosynthetic apparatus, in thylakoid ultrastructure, and in energy stores including

293 ation dynamics of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 thylakoids under normal photosynthetic conditions and un

294 mitochondrial ATP synthesis, the chloroplast thylakoids, vesicle trafficking, and translation.

295 distinction between grana stacks and stroma thylakoids was obscured.

296 horesis (BN-PAGE) from digitonin-solubilized thylakoids were similar in the wild type and DeltaLhca m

297 diates electron transport from stacked grana thylakoids where photosystem II (PSII) is localized to d

298 It also maintains the ionic environment of thylakoids, which affects the macro-organization of comp

299 e light of recent findings that the lumen of thylakoids, which forms the diffusion space of plastocya

300 ure in vitro and is distributed all over the thylakoids, with local concentrations at biogenesis cent