ライフサイエンスコーパス: thymidylate

1 d exclusively on ThyX activity to synthesize thymidylate.

2 ynthesis of the sole de novo source of deoxy-thymidylate.

3 lyzes the intracellular de novo formation of thymidylate (a DNA building block) in most living organi

4 sequence, and the rate of excision of these thymidylate analogues was greater than or equal to that

5 re required for the synthesis of purines and thymidylate and for S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet)-depend

6 ing of methylenetetrahydrofolate between the thymidylate and homocysteine remethylation pathways.

7 Pax3 disruption impaired de novo thymidylate and purine biosynthesis and altered amounts

8 nation of the specific contributions made by thymidylate and S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis to CRC

9 ning of folate-activated one-carbons between thymidylate and S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis.

10 arbons for the de novo synthesis of purines, thymidylate, and for the remethylation of homocysteine t

11 nine and other biomolecules such as purines, thymidylate, and redox regulators.

12 quired for the de novo synthesis of purines, thymidylate, and S-adenosylmethionine, the primary cellu

13 sulting in enhanced folate-dependent de novo thymidylate biosynthesis and impaired homocysteine remet

14 Numerous anti-cancer drugs perturb thymidylate biosynthesis and lead to genomic uracil inco

15 of Shmt1 expression causes NTDs by impairing thymidylate biosynthesis and shows that changes in the e

16 artitions folate-derived one-carbon units to thymidylate biosynthesis at the expense of cellular meth

17 te is preferentially directed toward de novo thymidylate biosynthesis at the expense of homocysteine

18 on by catalyzing two subsequent reactions in thymidylate biosynthesis cycle.

19 cate a mechanism that is very different from thymidylate biosynthesis in humans, underscoring the pro

20 methylenetetrahydrofolate cofactors and that thymidylate biosynthesis is preserved in folate deficien

21 midylate synthesis and indicate that de novo thymidylate biosynthesis occurs at replication forks.

22 ependent nuclear localization of the de novo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway and a decrease in DNA s

23 artmentation of the folate-dependent de novo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway in the nucleus accounts

24 ependent enzymes that constitute the de novo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway, cSHMT, thymidylate syn

25 Here we report an example of thymidylate biosynthesis that occurs without an enzymati

26 hether a corresponding disruption in de novo thymidylate biosynthesis underlies NTD pathogenesis.

27 derived methylenetetrahydrofolate to de novo thymidylate biosynthesis was investigated.

28 s 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate for de novo thymidylate biosynthesis, a limiting step in the pathway

29 result of impaired folate-dependent de novo thymidylate biosynthesis, a pathway composed of the enzy

30 MT1 and TYMS, lower rates of nuclear de novo thymidylate biosynthesis, and a nearly 10-fold increase

31 dent homocysteine remethylation and enhances thymidylate biosynthesis.

32 xpression, a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo thymidylate biosynthesis.

33 ibited de novo purine nucleotide rather than thymidylate biosynthesis.

34 functions in the nucleus to support de novo thymidylate biosynthesis.

35 rived folate-activated one-carbon units into thymidylate biosynthesis; the efficiency of nuclear fola

36 The de novo thymidylate biosynthetic pathway in mammalian cells tran

37 (SUMO)- and folate-dependent nuclear de novo thymidylate (dTMP) biosynthesis is a sensitive target of

38 hylTHF) and subsequent inhibition of de novo thymidylate (dTMP) biosynthesis.

39 ia has been associated with impaired de novo thymidylate (dTMP) biosynthesis.

40 efects (NTDs) indicate that impaired de novo thymidylate (dTMP) synthesis through changes in SHMT exp

41 ), which provides the sole de novo source of thymidylate (i.e., the DNA base T) for most organisms.

42 the final step in this de novo production of thymidylate in many human pathogens, but it is absent fr

43 Thymidylate is a critical DNA nucleotide that has to be

44 Thymidylate is a DNA nucleotide that is essential to all

45 The DNA nucleotide thymidylate is synthesized by the enzyme thymidylate syn

46 M. tuberculosis thymidylate kinase (Mtb TMK) has been shown in vitro to

47 Plasmodium falciparum thymidylate kinase (PfTMPK) is a key enzyme in pyrimidin

48 112 gene was predicted to encode a fusion of thymidylate kinase (tmk) and dUTP diphosphatase (dut).

49 Thymidylate kinase (TMK) is a potential chemotherapeutic

50 Thymidylate kinase (TMK) is an essential enzyme in bacte

51 Thymidylate kinase (TMK), an essential enzyme in bacteri

52 Targeting thymidylate kinase (TMPK) that catalyzes the phosphotran

53 Here, we investigated CDC8, encoding thymidylate kinase (TMPK), as a potential drug target fo

54 on DHFR protein levels was specific, because thymidylate kinase and thymidylate synthase protein leve

55 and excellent selectivity against the human thymidylate kinase ortholog.

56 ch as flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase, thymidylate kinase, ribonucleotide reductase, and deoxyc

57 y potency against Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate kinase, the target of the 3-cyanopyridones t

58 dTMP are similar to those found for E. coli thymidylate kinase.

59 l lid similar to the structures of microbial thymidylate kinases, suggesting that these proteins shar

60 deoxyuridine (FdU) that affect intracellular thymidylate levels.

61 uman cancer cells treated with inhibitors of thymidylate metabolism.

62 ated at the junction of serine, glycine, and thymidylate metabolism.

63 trand of a few percent of molecules near the thymidylate of the MeG-T base pair.

64 talyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of thymidylate, one of the four DNA nucleotides.

65 be sensitive to folate antagonists targeting thymidylate or purine biosynthesis.

66 When thymidylate production is diminished by a mutation affec

67 By also deleting the gene encoding thymidylate synthase (CDC21) we have constructed strains

68 al targets including dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) and inosine monophosphate

69 of the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) gene.

70 ckout (DKO) lines of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) of bloodstream Trypanosom

71 Thymidylate synthase (EC 2.1.1.45) (TS) catalyzes the co

72 strate is the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme thymidylate synthase (EC 2.1.1.45), which catalyzes the

73 Flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase (FDTS) catalyzes the final step in

74 man pathogens, thyX-encoded flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase (FDTS) catalyzes the last step in t

75 hyX gene, which codes for a flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase (FDTS), and is present in several h

76 gens rely on an alternative flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase (FDTS), which differs from the huma

77 an alternative thyX-encoded flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase (FDTS).

78 Allosteric peptide inhibitors of thymidylate synthase (hTS) bind to the dimer interface a

79 ntiangiogenic effects and also inhibit human thymidylate synthase (hTS) for cytotoxic effects in sing

80 Although thymidylate synthase (hTS) is an important anticancer ta

81 Loop 181-197 of human thymidylate synthase (hTS) populates two conformational

82 Crystal structures of human thymidylate synthase (hTS) revealed that the protein exi

83 Human thymidylate synthase (hTS) was targeted through a virtua

84 Human thymidylate synthase (hTS), a target for antiproliferati

85 lasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (P. falciparum DHFR-TS) with the ob

86 cobacterium bovis BCG with insertions in the thymidylate synthase (thyA) gene, a critical determinant

87 eles enhanced the survival of L. pneumophila thymidylate synthase (thyA)-deficient strains, which can

88 se (CBS exon 8, 68-base-pair insertion), and thymidylate synthase (TS enhancer region and 3' untransl

89 uced folate carrier (RFC) 80A allele and the thymidylate synthase (TS) 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR

90 ymidine to overcome the potent inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) and deoxycytidine monophosphat

91 ues 2a-2m were synthesized as potential dual thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

92 gues 5-13 were synthesized as potential dual thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

93 nclassical analogues 5- 15 as potential dual thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

94 onclassical analogues 5-17 as potential dual thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

95 and synthesized as potent dual inhibitors of thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

96 rotozoal parasites are unusual in that their thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

97 Thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (D

98 NHF-HRAS(G12V) cells underexpressed thymidylate synthase (TS) and ribonucleotide reductase (

99 FdUMP[10] inhibited thymidylate synthase (TS) and trapped topoisomerase I cl

100 The enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes a complex reaction t

101 Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the production of th

102 The enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the reductive methyl

103 Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the substitution of

104 rements for I-TevI, which binds a stretch of thymidylate synthase (TS) DNA that codes for functionall

105 Human and other mammalian thymidylate synthase (TS) enzymes have an N-terminal ext

106 s have investigated the relationship between thymidylate synthase (TS) expression and survival in col

107 e thyX gene and depend upon the conventional thymidylate synthase (TS) for their dTMP requirements.

108 nd possibly more effective way of inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS) in cells than through the use

109 PYD expression by p53 is augmented following thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition and DPYD repression

110 now known as ONX 0801), is a small molecule thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor discovered at the In

111 sing levels of dUTPase on sensitivity to the thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor fluorodeoxyuridine (

112 and toxicity of clinically used folate-based thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitors that require folylp

113 Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target for antifolate-bas

114 Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target for pemetrexed and

115 Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target in the chemotherap

116 The ThyA gene that encodes for thymidylate synthase (TS) is absent in the genomes of a

117 Thymidylate synthase (TS) is an essential enzyme for DNA

118 Thymidylate synthase (TS) is the sole enzyme responsible

119 ur laboratory have shown that translation of thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA is controlled by its own

120 eported to be associated with alterations in thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA protein levels.

121 antimetabolite radiosensitizers may inhibit thymidylate synthase (TS) or ribonucleotide reductase, a

122 esidues on the RNA binding activity of human thymidylate synthase (TS) was investigated by mutating e

123 factor LSF that regulates the expression of thymidylate synthase (TS), a target of 5-FU.

124 tifolates on dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), thymidylate synthase (TS), and folylpolyglutamate synthe

125 onucleases that bind a homologous stretch of thymidylate synthase (TS)-encoding DNA but use different

126 degraded siRNAs reversed the cytotoxicity of thymidylate synthase (TS)-targeted siRNAs and other TS i

127 wn translationally regulated mRNA transcript thymidylate synthase (TS).

128 man dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and human thymidylate synthase (TS).

129 ide ribonucleotide transformylase (ATIC) and thymidylate synthase (TS).

130 athway is the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS; EC 2.1.1.45), which catalyzes

131 Thymidylate synthase (TSase) catalyzes a complex reactio

132 Thymidylate synthase (TSase) catalyzes the intracellular

133 Thymidylate synthase (TSase) is a clinically important e

134 Thymidylate synthase (TSase) produces the sole intracell

135 es are involved in the reaction catalyzed by thymidylate synthase (TSase), which provides the sole de

136 Thymidylate synthase (TSase)-based de novo biosynthesis

137 n the hydride transfer reaction catalyzed by thymidylate synthase (TSase).

138 l organisms and is synthesized by the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TSase).

139 enetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677TT, thymidylate synthase (TSER) *2/*2 (variable number of ta

140 s examined and haplotypes generated included thymidylate synthase (TYMS 28-bp triple repeat [3R]-->do

141 , where they form a multienzyme complex with thymidylate synthase (TYMS) and dihydrofolate reductase

142 hylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and thymidylate synthase (TYMS) are known to play a role in

143 uiescence through the cell cycle, regulating thymidylate synthase (Tyms) expression at the G(1)/S bou

144 ng required for activating expression of the thymidylate synthase (Tyms) gene at the G1/S transition.

145 erest because it contained the gene encoding thymidylate synthase (TYMS), a molecular target of 5-FU.

146 ial serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT2), thymidylate synthase (TYMS), and a novel human mitochond

147 ymes serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), thymidylate synthase (TYMS), and dihydrofolate reductase

148 he transcriptional status of four key genes, thymidylate synthase (TYMS), MORF-related gene X (MRGX),

149 On the basis of increased expression of thymidylate synthase (TYMS), thymidine kinase 1 (TK-1),

150 d to elevated expression of the main target, thymidylate synthase (TYMS), which catalyses the de novo

151 targeting dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and thymidylate synthase (TYMS).

152 seem, based on accumulated literature, to be thymidylate synthase (TYMS, TS) expression levels, TS ge

153 Thymidylate synthase (TYMS; EC 2.1.1.15) catalyzes the r

154 BCG thyA mutants have reduced thymidylate synthase activity and are resistant to known

155 piens that has been implicated in regulating thymidylate synthase activity.

156 of both endogenous and ectopically expressed thymidylate synthase alleles revealed that the mRNA-bind

157 negatively charged dihydrofolate produced at thymidylate synthase and a series of lysine and arginine

158 FdUMP inhibits thymidylate synthase and causes the accumulation of urac

159 enzymes in its biosynthetic pathway, namely thymidylate synthase and cytoplasmic thymidine kinase.

160 by the fact that a 100-fold up-regulation of thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase (known

161 and trimethoprim (TOP), potent inhibitors of thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase, respec

162 thesis was linked to decreased expression of thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase.

163 thought to kill cells via the inhibition of thymidylate synthase and increased use of dUTP in place

164 Overexpression of thymidylate synthase and its adjacent gene, c-Yes, was d

165 apeutics, including dihydrofolate reductase, thymidylate synthase and ribonucleotide reductase, while

166 Isozyme differences in thymidylate synthase and rTSbeta also exist in the two c

167 and cellular morphology between H630 and the thymidylate synthase and rTSbeta-overproducing, 5-FU-res

168 tide reductase, dihydrofolate reductase, and thymidylate synthase are coordinately regulated to ensur

169 leic acids but act as prodrugs by inhibiting thymidylate synthase as 5F-dUMP.

170 protein structure of dihydrofolate reductase/thymidylate synthase at 1.95 A resolution.

171 tification and the dihydrofolate produced by thymidylate synthase during DNA synthesis to the reduced

172 Polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) have been re

173 domain of the human estrogen receptor with a thymidylate synthase enzyme (TS).

174 ium tuberculosis and dihydrofolate reductase/thymidylate synthase from Babesia bovis, against 48 diff

175 ium tuberculosis and dihydrofolate reductase/thymidylate synthase from Babesia bovis.

176 crystal structure of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase from Cryptosporidium hominis and a

177 We demonstrate this approach on thymidylate synthase from Escherichia coli, a homodimeri

178 Polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase gene (TYMS) had previously defined

179 present study, we identified an orthologous thymidylate synthase gene in the relapsing fever (RF) ag

180 homing endonuclease I-TevI that targets the thymidylate synthase gene of phage T4, we readily isolat

181 orphism in the 3'-untranslated region of the thymidylate synthase gene was shown to influence mRNA st

182 ich targets a different cleavage site in the thymidylate synthase gene, recapitulating the evolution

183 interleukin-6, dihydrofolate reductase, and thymidylate synthase genes were identified, along with a

184 ta suggest that BGC 945 selectively inhibits thymidylate synthase in alpha-FR-overexpressing tumors a

185 Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in tissues leads to increased incor

186 nd FdU misincorporation sites resulting from thymidylate synthase inhibition and thymine depletion.

187 ng gemcitabine uptake or gemcitabine-induced thymidylate synthase inhibition, and only reflected grow

188 nt CDK inhibition in cytotoxicity induced by thymidylate synthase inhibition.

189 5-FU) is generally considered to result from thymidylate synthase inhibition.

190 NG depletion does not sensitize cells to the thymidylate synthase inhibitor (raltitrexed), which indu

191 The thymidylate synthase inhibitor 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is

192 The RFC-mediated thymidylate synthase inhibitor plevitrexed also increase

193 FdUMP[10] as well as to FdUMP, FdU, and the thymidylate synthase inhibitor raltitrexed (Tomudex).

194 BGC 945 is a cyclopenta[g]quinazoline-based, thymidylate synthase inhibitor specifically transported

195 nses (i.e. G(2) arrest and lethality) to the thymidylate synthase inhibitor, Tomudex, and a greater l

196 rouracil combined with leucovorin and to the thymidylate synthase inhibitor, ZD9331, dependent on thy

197 key determinant of tumor cell sensitivity to thymidylate synthase inhibitors such as 5-fluoro-2'-deox

198 positively regulates the cytotoxic action of thymidylate synthase inhibitors, negatively regulates th

199 f cytotoxicity resulting from treatment with thymidylate synthase inhibitors.

200 '-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), the thymidylate synthase inhibitory metabolite of 5-fluorour

201 The K(i) for isolated thymidylate synthase is 1.2 nmol/L and the IC(50) for in

202 Thymidylate synthase is an attractive target for antibio

203 e labeled cofactor in mechanistic studies of thymidylate synthase is demonstrated by measuring the tr

204 owed that intracellular proteolysis of human thymidylate synthase is directed by a degron at the poly

205 For HAI patients with thymidylate synthase levels in tumor less than or > or =

206 site CC genotype (OR, 4.5; P =.045), and the thymidylate synthase low activity 2/2 enhancer repeat ge

207 The thyX gene for thymidylate synthase of the Lyme borreliosis (LB) agent

208 tide reductase, dihydrofolate reductase, and thymidylate synthase promoters in the absence of SWI/SNF

209 n cyclin A, Cdc2, topoisomerase IIalpha, and thymidylate synthase promoters.

210 actone (3-oxo-C12-(L)-HSL) can down-regulate thymidylate synthase protein at 10 micromol/L and reduce

211 was specific, because thymidylate kinase and thymidylate synthase protein levels were not decreased n

212 iosynthesis and altered amounts of SHMT1 and thymidylate synthase protein.

213 ase is required to significantly inhibit the thymidylate synthase reaction, consistent with experimen

214 ar hormone receptors with a highly sensitive thymidylate synthase reporter, yield simple sensors that

215 ourses (R(2) = 0.043; P < .001), whereas the thymidylate synthase rs34743033 tandem repeat polymorphi

216 ThyX is an essential thymidylate synthase that is mechanistically and structu

217 ybaK for its ability to suppress the E. coli thymidylate synthase thyA:146CCA missense mutant strain,

218 valent inhibitors of the essential bacterial thymidylate synthase ThyX in a cellular context.

219 In many bacteria the flavoenzyme thymidylate synthase ThyX produces the DNA nucleotide de

220 se thymine depends on activity of the enzyme thymidylate synthase to catalyse the methylation of the

221 zation of dihydrofolate reductase, SHMT, and thymidylate synthase to the nuclear lamina, indicating t

222 A novel flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase was identified recently as an essen

223 trexed that combines enzymatic inhibition of thymidylate synthase with alpha-folate receptor-mediated

224 Thymidylate synthase X (ThyX) represents an attractive t

225 of a plant DHFR-TS (dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase) gene family that implements the pe

226 be converted to thymidine to enable a thyA (thymidylate synthase) mutant to grow.

227 sites located immediately upstream of ORF70 (thymidylate synthase), ORF19 (tegument protein), and ORF

228 nophages, but also by all 27 T4-like phages (thymidylate synthase); its evolutionary history suggests

229 . coli NDP kinase interacts directly with T4 thymidylate synthase, aerobic ribonucleotide reductase,

230 and is a major supplier of the substrate for thymidylate synthase, an important enzyme in DNA synthes

231 ovo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway, cSHMT, thymidylate synthase, and dihydrofolate reductase, all c

232 sferase 1 and 2alpha (SHMT1 and SHMT2alpha), thymidylate synthase, and dihydrofolate reductase.

233 e equivalent inhibition of the target enzyme thymidylate synthase, and instead accumulate progressive

234 sical thymidylate synthases, including human thymidylate synthase, and is instrumental in mechanism-b

235 ential markers were assessed (TGF-BRII, p53, thymidylate synthase, and Ki67).

236 sporter 1 (hENT1), thymidine kinase 1 (TK1), thymidylate synthase, and thymidine phosphorylase (TP) w

237 pend on the presence of intact gp32, notably thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate (DHF) reductase, rib

238 regulators of antigen presentation, EZH2 and thymidylate synthase, enhanced DLBCL MHC-I presentation.

239 Several potential candidates, such as thymidylate synthase, excision repair complementation gr

240 Expression of a series of six markers (p53, thymidylate synthase, glutathione s-transferase pi [GST-

241 therapeutic drug pemetrexed, an inhibitor of thymidylate synthase, has an important secondary target

242 titute for the IDR and the hA helix of human thymidylate synthase, indicating that the degradation-pr

243 amples for the detection of polymorphisms in thymidylate synthase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductas

244 te cycle (mainly dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase, respectively).

245 nt in humans, which depend upon an unrelated thymidylate synthase, ThyA.

246 nucleotide salvage, such as flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase, thymidylate kinase, ribonucleotide

247 The novel flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase, ThyX, is absent in humans but seve

248 A novel FAD-dependent thymidylate synthase, ThyX, is present in a variety of e

249 s, rely on the thyA- or TYMS-encoded classic thymidylate synthase, whereas, certain microorganisms, i

250 ide thymidylate is synthesized by the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which catalyzes the reductive meth

251 privation in thymidylate synthase-deficient (thymidylate synthase-) cells.

252 One mutant, K282E/R283E, was found to be thymidylate synthase-dead because of an impaired ability

253 es examined, as did thymidine deprivation in thymidylate synthase-deficient (thymidylate synthase-) c

254 luated both in vivo, by complementation of a thymidylate synthase-deficient Escherichia coli mutant,

255 Plasmodium falciparum thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase (TS-DHFR) i

256 hat substrate channeling in the bifunctional thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase enzyme from

257 ing thymidine kinase (TK) and the second via thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase.

258 ions of rTS signaling mimics as enhancers to thymidylate synthase-directed chemotherapy, evidence tha

259 ion of antiproliferative agents that inhibit thymidylate synthase.

260 than one site of action; the primary site is thymidylate synthase.

261 dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and targets thymidylate synthase.

262 e signaling molecules that can down-regulate thymidylate synthase.

263 ct as rTS signaling mimics and down-regulate thymidylate synthase.

264 docked against a conformational ensemble of thymidylate synthase.

265 not interfere with intermediate formation at thymidylate synthase.

266 with the enzymes dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase.

267 ompound, thereby enhancing the inhibition of thymidylate synthase.

268 on of the recently crystallized bifunctional thymidylate synthasedihydrofolate reductase (TS-DHFR) en

269 rent chemical cascade than that of classical thymidylate synthases or any other known biological meth

270 All known thymidylate synthases rely on an active site residue of

271 ionality has been demonstrated for classical thymidylate synthases, including human thymidylate synth

272 of folate or vitamin B12 inhibits purine and thymidylate syntheses, impairs DNA synthesis, and causes

273 De novo thymidylate synthesis activity was diminished in mitocho

274 synthesis, affirming the competition between thymidylate synthesis and homocysteine remethylation for

275 Previous studies have indicated that the thymidylate synthesis and homocysteine remethylation pat

276 SHMT expression is rate-limiting for de novo thymidylate synthesis and indicate that de novo thymidyl

277 would support increased rates of purine and thymidylate synthesis and the provision of methionine fo

278 arbon metabolism, responsible for purine and thymidylate synthesis and transmethylation reactions, pl

279 However, the detailed mechanism of thymidylate synthesis cycle, especially the interactions

280 was associated with a decreased capacity for thymidylate synthesis due to downregulation of enzymes i

281 Folate deficiency decreases thymidylate synthesis from deoxyuridylate, which results

282 esponsive NTDs wherein disruption of de novo thymidylate synthesis impairs neural tube closure.

283 De novo thymidylate synthesis in mitochondria prevents uracil ac

284 scaffold protein in folate-dependent de novo thymidylate synthesis in the nucleus.

285 indicate that SHMT1-mediated nuclear de novo thymidylate synthesis is critical for maintaining DNA in

286 nteraction, indicating that the capacity for thymidylate synthesis modifies susceptibility to intesti

287 Recently, it was shown that thymidylate synthesis occurs in the nucleus, whereas hom

288 etion of cytoplasmic FTHFS activity enhances thymidylate synthesis, affirming the competition between

289 in nuclear DNA, indicating enhanced de novo thymidylate synthesis, and suggesting that serine hydrox

290 ese are primarily used for purine synthesis, thymidylate synthesis, and the provision of methyl group

291 one-carbon metabolism to support purine and thymidylate synthesis.

292 tally dependent on an alternative enzyme for thymidylate synthesis.

293 rticularly marked down-regulation of de novo thymidylate synthesis.

294 ductase 1 (PTR1) and dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthetase (DHFR-TS) is commonly measured as

295 okinetics were obtained on all patients, and thymidylate synthetase (TS) activity was measured in per

296 ing mode for interactions of DNA primase and thymidylate synthetase (TS) with high and low affinity s

297 P = .03), which was further increased by the thymidylate synthetase (TYMS) 3/3 genotype (P = .03).

298 ere performed to evaluate the expressions of Thymidylate synthetase (TYMS), TP53 (p53), beta-catenin

299 s DNA synthesis by inhibiting the ability of thymidylate synthetase to produce dTMP, the drug also ha

300 zyme responsible for de novo biosynthesis of thymidylate (TMP) and is essential for cell proliferatio

301 a key metabolic function is the synthesis of thymidylate, which requires 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofola