ライフサイエンスコーパス: thymosin

1 migration inhibitory factor, ubiquitin, beta-thymosin 4, and calmodulin.

2 Recently thymosin a-1 (Talpha-1) was proposed as a single molecul

3 Here we report on the ability of thymosin alpha 1 (Talpha1)-a naturally occurring polypep

4 lene glycolated interleukin-2 (PEG-IL-2) and thymosin alpha 1 in addition to zidovudine were studied

5 n 1 peptide and the therapeutically relevant thymosin alpha 1 peptide.

6 increased HIV activation during PEG-IL-2 or thymosin alpha 1 therapy.

7 Thymosin alpha 1 was administered subcutaneously at 400

8 Patients tolerated both PEG-IL-2 and thymosin alpha 1 without significant toxicities.

9 increase in CD4 cell count was observed with thymosin alpha 1.

10 ty of beneficial immunomodulatory effects of thymosin alpha-1, they do not support its utility as a c

11 tudy; perhaps the most promising of these is thymosin alpha-1.

12 Thymosin-alpha-1 (Talpha1) may be a treatment option for

13 We evaluated the addition of thymosin alpha1 (TA1), an immunomodulatory peptide, to t

14 We analyzed the effect of thymosin alpha1 (Talpha1) on endothelial cell migration,

15 rial found no clear evidence to suggest that thymosin alpha1 decreases 28 day all cause mortality in

16 occurred in 127 participants (23.4%) in the thymosin alpha1 group and 132 (24.1%) in the placebo gro

17 in the modified intention-to-treat analyses (thymosin alpha1 group n=542, placebo group n=547).

18 is showed a potential differential effect of thymosin alpha1 on the primary outcome based on age (<60

19 Subcutaneous injection of thymosin alpha1 or placebo every 12 hours for seven days

20 moting thymic MSCs adipogenesis triggered by thymosin-alpha1 and FoxO1 pathway, which may serve as po

21 Furthermore, we discover that thymosin-alpha1 promotes MRAP expression in tMSCs throug

22 ifferentiate into adipocytes when exposed to thymosin-alpha1.

23 , and the association of actin monomers with thymosin and profilin in the kidney epithelial cell line

24 helical structural similarities between beta-thymosins and the inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), an inhibito

25 The beta-thymosins are a family of highly polar peptides which se

26 The beta-thymosins are actin G-sequestering peptides that regulat

27 By an unknown mechanism, beta-thymosins are extracellular modulators of angiogenesis,

28 Our results suggest that beta-thymosins are not simple actin buffering proteins and th

29 beta-Thymosins are the currently favored candidates for maint

30 ogs of human ribosomal proteins S20 and L41, thymosin) are missing entirely from the nematode proteom

31 beta-Thymosin at levels comparable with that found in the ove

32 c VSMC differentiation, we hypothesized that Thymosin B4 (TB4) may function to maintain healthy vascu

33 We identified Thymosin B4 (TMSB4) and Prothymosin a (PTMA) as main par

34 nephros growth suggesting a possible role of thymosin B4 in fetal kidney development.

35 ngiogenic and fibroblast-activating peptide, thymosin b4, along with GMT, resulted in further improve

36 Change in amniotic fluid thymosin-B4 abundance was confirmed with ELISA.

37 Knockout of thymosin-B4 in zebrafish altered proximal and distal tub

38 proteins and from the actin binding protein thymosin-B4.

39 To determine if beta-thymosin behaves like a simple G-actin buffering agent i

40 NB thymosin beta (TMSNB) and proteinase-activated receptor

41 olecules (serine/threonine protein kinases), thymosin beta 10 and collagenase I.

42 O-derived peptides, namely, thymosin beta 4, thymosin beta 10 and NP24, and their reintroduction into

43 Transfection of antisense thymosin beta 15 constructs into rat prostatic carcinoma

44 Thymosin beta 15 levels are elevated in human prostate c

45 Thymosin beta 15 may represent a potential new biochemic

46 ts a new member of the thymosin-beta family, thymosin beta 15.

47 Thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) is a 4.9 kDa polypeptide that

48 Thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) is an actin monomer sequester

49 The mechanisms by which thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta(4)) regulates the inflammatory re

50 of this study was to determine the effect of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta(4)) treatment on human corneal ep

51 The thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) gene is of biological and pharm

52 Thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) is a 43-amino acid factor encod

53 Thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4), a molecule thought to promote

54 ular endothelial growth factor-A [VEGF-A] or thymosin beta 4 [Tbeta4]) was applied regionally.

55 o contacts flank the alpha-helical region of thymosin beta 4 and place it on the barbed end; thymosin

56 NMR data indicate that many parts of thymosin beta 4 are not in tight contact with actin.

57 ontacts requires that the C-terminal half of thymosin beta 4 be in a predominantly extended conformat

58 mosin beta 4 and place it on the barbed end; thymosin beta 4 can thus block actin polymerization ster

59 1 of actin, placing the C-terminal region of thymosin beta 4 in contact with subdomain 2 on the point

60 Circular dichroism data indicate that free thymosin beta 4 is predominantly unstructured, containin

61 contact with subdomain 2 on the pointed end; thymosin beta 4 may sterically block actin polymerizatio

62 lutaminase-mediated cross-linking, Lys-38 of thymosin beta 4 was cross-linked to Gln-41 of actin, pla

63 arbodiimide-mediated cross-linking, Lys-3 of thymosin beta 4 was cross-linked to Glu-167 of actin, an

64 ss-linked to Glu-167 of actin, and Lys-18 of thymosin beta 4 was cross-linked to one of the the N-ter

65 tacts between specific residues in actin and thymosin beta 4 were identified by zero-length cross-lin

66 hment of three SCO-derived peptides, namely, thymosin beta 4, thymosin beta 10 and NP24, and their re

67 al portion of the actin monomer-sequestering thymosin beta domain (Tbeta).

68 primarily by the actin sequestering protein thymosin beta four (Tbeta4).

69 eptide that corresponds to the N terminus of thymosin beta(4) (residues 6-22) confirm the presence of

70 ally compete with the actin-binding proteins thymosin beta(4) and actobindin to bind to actin.

71 actin and thymosin beta(4), and explain why thymosin beta(4) and profilin can bind simultaneously to

72 Intracellular concentrations of thymosin beta(4) and profilin may greatly exceed the equ

73 at significant allosteric changes affect the thymosin beta(4) binding site.

74 mplification mechanism by which profilin and thymosin beta(4) can sequester much more actin than is p

75 oteinase (TIMP)-4, laminin alpha4 chain, and thymosin beta(4) genes were downregulated.

76 nd essentially in all cells and body fluids, thymosin beta(4) has the potential for significant roles

77 although activated factor XIII incorporates thymosin beta(4) into the isolated gamma-module and alph

78 ctin, then its ability to inhibit binding by thymosin beta(4) is a surprising result that suggests th

79 despite much lower affinity, the N-terminal thymosin beta(4) peptide has a very slow dissociation ra

80 d independently to actin, whereas binding of thymosin beta(4) to actin is inhibited by latrunculin A.

81 gnificant with molar incorporation ratios of thymosin beta(4) to fibrinogen and fibrin of 0.2 and 0.4

82 activated factor XIII, while in its presence thymosin beta(4) was effectively incorporated into fibri

83 incorporation, we studied the interaction of thymosin beta(4) with fibrinogen, fibrin, and their reco

84 Thymosin beta(4), a small ubiquitous protein containing

85 fluorescence anisotropy show that profilin, thymosin beta(4), and actin form a ternary complex.

86 extensive binding surface between actin and thymosin beta(4), and explain why thymosin beta(4) and p

87 a site that sterically influences binding by thymosin beta(4), then the observation that latrunculin

88 formation of complexes of profilin-actin or thymosin beta(4)-actin during dynamic remodeling of the

89 tional change occurring at the N terminus of thymosin beta(4).

90 actin-monomer sequestering proteins such as thymosin beta(4).

91 brin(ogen) a physiologically active peptide, thymosin beta(4).

92 nsembles of an alpha-helical protein segment thymosin beta(9) (Tbeta(9)), and elucidate the comprehen

93 ocyte glycoprotein [MOG], beta-actin [ACTB], thymosin beta-10 [TB10], and superior cervical ganglion-

94 ed on human malignant tumors revealed strong thymosin beta-10 expression in tumor blood vessels.

95 Thymosin beta-10 expression was modulated by VPF/VEGF an

96 ced in senescent EC, that VPF/VEGF modulates thymosin beta-10 expression, and that EC can become sene

97 0, whereas bacterial suspensions upregulated thymosin beta-10 expression, suggesting that M. bovis or

98 Our evidence suggests that upregulation of thymosin beta-10 in M. bovis-infected macrophages is lin

99 The reduced expression of thymosin beta-10 may contribute to the senescent phenoty

100 ivated M. bovis induced a slight increase in thymosin beta-10 mRNA, whereas live virulent and attenua

101 l line (RAW 264.7) overexpressing the bovine thymosin beta-10 transgene had spontaneous apoptosis at

102 Increased differential expression of thymosin beta-10 was identified in M. bovis-infected bov

103 otein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2, thymosin beta-10, U-type mitochondrial creatine kinase,

104 tex beads had no effect on the expression of thymosin beta-10, whereas bacterial suspensions upregula

105 sel endothelium, exhibited weak staining for thymosin beta-10.

106 The molecular mechanisms of thymosin beta-4 (TB4) involved in regulating hepatic ste

107 peptide 3 (CTAP-3), platelet basic protein, thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta-4), fibrinopeptide B (FP-B), and

108 ormed pulldown experiments with biotinylated thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta4) in comparison to neutravidin be

109 naling, augments expression and secretion of thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta4) that promotes insulin signaling

110 te the secretion of pro-angiogenetic factors thymosin beta-4 (TMSB4) and prothymosin alpha (PTMA).

111 s sterically less demanding binding partners thymosin beta-4 and Latrunculin B do not.

112 r protein, rRNA external transcribed spacer, thymosin beta-4, cyclin B1 and several predicted peptide

113 t enrichment of the small, secreted peptide, thymosin beta-4, throughout coronary vascular developmen

114 l lines, that represents a new member of the thymosin-beta family, thymosin beta 15.

115 Thymosin-beta(4) (Tbeta(4)) binds actin monomers stoichi

116 plex environment of a cell, we overexpressed thymosin beta10 (Tbeta 10) in NIH3T3 cells and determine

117 cell mobility from abnormalities in PTEN and thymosin beta15 (Tbeta15), genes which are commonly alte

118 Lack of endogenous thymosin beta4 (TB4), an actin sequestering peptide, exa

119 ring development and in adulthood respond to Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) and myocardial infarction (MI) b

120 Mechanistic studies identified thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) as a CCN5 interacting protein in

121 Here we identify thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) as essential for all aspects of

122 ine residues to the affinity and kinetics of thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) binding to MgATP-actin monomers.

123 igated whether the angiogenic thymic peptide thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) enhanced wound healing in a rat

124 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) has been shown to enhance the su

125 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) is a highly conserved G-actin bi

126 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) is a secreted 43 amino acid pept

127 Specifically, a caged form of thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) was photoactivated in a defined

128 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4), a G-actin-sequestering peptide,

129 In this paper we identify Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4/Tmsb4x), which encodes an actin m

130 Thus, thymosin beta4 accelerates hair growth, in part, due to

131 aryotic actin modulators such as cofilin and thymosin beta4 and arcadin-2 is a depolymeriser of crena

132 Two of these reagents, thymosin beta4 and DNase I, potently inhibited the seque

133 g assays using chick aortic arches show that thymosin beta4 and the actin-binding motif of the peptid

134 uction were predicted by a >80% reduction in thymosin beta4 and ubiquitin levels that were detectable

135 actin monomer-binding proteins profilin and thymosin beta4 as key molecules that localize actin mono

136 In situ AAV2.9-mediated gene transfer of thymosin beta4 attenuated graft rejection in a heterotop

137 At low concentrations, thymosin beta4 but not DNase I was stimulatory.

138 Downregulation of thymosin beta4 by RNAi in cultured glomerular endothelia

139 o acid peptide demonstrating it as the major thymosin beta4 cell binding site on the molecule.

140 consequence of the differential affinity of thymosin beta4 for ATP- and ADP-G-actin.

141 We found that thymosin beta4 formed a functional complex with PINCH an

142 lting in a rise in the concentration of free thymosin beta4 from 4 to 11 microm.

143 Thymosin beta4 immunostaining was increased in sclerotic

144 icular keratinocytes in mouse skin expresses thymosin beta4 in a highly coordinated manner during the

145 PrL thymosin beta4 infusion or CRISPR-Cas9-mediated PrL->VTA

146 Thymosin beta4 is a marker of such early events and may

147 Thymosin beta4 is a ubiquitous 43 amino acid, 5 kDa poly

148 demonstrate that the actin binding motif of thymosin beta4 is an essential site for its angiogenic a

149 Thymosin beta4 is angiogenic and can promote endothelial

150 at a seven amino acid actin binding motif of thymosin beta4 is essential for its angiogenic activity.

151 Thymosin beta4 is unique, because oxidation attenuates i

152 Additionally, nonlinear effects of thymosin beta4 on the steady state amount of F-actin are

153 er the addition of a trace amount of labeled thymosin beta4 or thymosin beta4 peptide.

154 a trace amount of labeled thymosin beta4 or thymosin beta4 peptide.

155 These findings suggest that thymosin beta4 promotes cardiomyocyte migration, surviva

156 e show that the G-actin sequestering peptide thymosin beta4 promotes myocardial and endothelial cell

157 Here, we report that thymosin beta4 stimulates hair growth in normal rats and

158 In vitro, thymosin beta4 sulfoxide inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis

159 Here we show that thymosin beta4 sulfoxide is generated by monocytes in th

160 ion, purification, and removal of linker and thymosin beta4 tag sequences, the p.E334Q monomers show

161 the C-terminal pointed end-capping helix of thymosin beta4 to tandem W domains can change their acti

162 After coronary artery ligation in mice, thymosin beta4 treatment resulted in upregulation of ILK

163 Furthermore, adhesion to thymosin beta4 was blocked by this seven amino acid pept

164 The adhesion and sprouting activity of thymosin beta4 was inhibited with the addition of 5-50 n

165 g morphogenesis and metabolism, with Tmsb4x (thymosin beta4) as a key gene.

166 Thymosin beta4, a 43-amino acid polypeptide that is an i

167 e, Wilm's tumour 1 (Wt1), through priming by thymosin beta4, a peptide previously shown to restore va

168 Thymosin beta4, a protein with relevant interactions wit

169 opes derived from complement 3, collagen II, thymosin beta4, and gelsolin.

170 Using naturally occurring thymosin beta4, proteolytic fragments, and synthetic pep

171 ants on micropatterned substrates containing thymosin beta4-hydrogel.

172 In human T-cell/CD14+ monocyte co-cultures, thymosin beta4-sulfoxide inhibits interferon-gamma, and

173 Thus, thymosin beta4-sulfoxide is a putative target for therap

174 Here we reveal that thymosin beta4-sulfoxide lies downstream of hydrogen per

175 cells and to add Sonic hedgehog, FGF10, and thymosin beta4.

176 the C-terminal pointed end-capping helix of thymosin beta4.

177 rdiomyocytes in culture was also enhanced by thymosin beta4.

178 matrix metalloproteinase-2 were increased by thymosin beta4.

179 the presence of nanomolar concentrations of thymosin beta4.

180 With solutions of actin (2 microM) and thymosin-beta4 (2 or 4 microM), the barbed-end assembly

181 this study was to investigate the ability of thymosin-beta4 (Taubeta4) to promote healing in an alkal

182 Thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4) and profilin are the two major s

183 Here, we show that local regulation of thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4) binding to actin monomer (G-acti

184 this communication, we investigated whether thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4), a chemokine expressed by HSC co

185 Actin assembly in presence of thymosin-beta4 and profilin fit a simple thermodynamic e

186 n, actin assembly curves over a 0.7-4 microM thymosin-beta4 concentration range fit a simple monomer

187 ecretogranin-II, cathepsin-L, stromelysin-1, thymosin-beta4, alpha-tubulin, alphaB-crystallin, glycer

188 Without thymosin-beta4, both actin and Profilin.Actin (P.A) are

189 es, such as the neuropeptide substance P and thymosin-beta4, the precursor to the bioactive peptide A

190 oncentrations of free G-actin, profilin- and thymosin-beta4-bound G-actin, and free barbed and pointe

191 the fluorophore markedly weakens binding to thymosin-beta4.

192 n catalyst that captures actin monomers from Thymosin-beta4.Actin and ushers actin as a Profilin.Acti

193 onomer sequestering model (1 microM K(D) for Thymosin-beta4.Actin).

194 The corresponding constant for thymosin-beta4.pyrenyl-Actin, however, was significantly

195 certain threshold an incremental increase in thymosin does not lead to a corresponding increase in G-

196 As a consequence, an increase in beta-thymosin does not necessarily result in a proportionate

197 changes to actin-sequestering proteins beta-thymosins during development were observed.

198 The outcome depends on the level of beta-thymosin expression relative to the composition of the o

199 It is the most abundant member of the beta-thymosin family in mammalian tissue and is regarded as t

200 ed peptides exhibited a homology to the beta-thymosin family of actin-binding protein.

201 In vitro, beta-thymosins form 1:1 complexes with actin monomers and inh

202 ould be accounted for by dissociation of the thymosin-G-actin binary complex, resulting in a rise in

203 We were interested in identifying beta-thymosin interactors and determining their importance in

204 Tbeta 10 is the predominant beta-thymosin isoform in the NIH3T3 cell line, and it is pres

205 n in embryonic chick brain and the only beta thymosin isoform present; (b) ADF may play a significant

206 No other beta thymosin isoforms were detected in these brain extracts.

207 tal-related protein containing multiple beta-thymosin-like domains.

208 as cloned and shown to contain multiple beta-thymosin-like domains.

209 keletal-related protein 24) is a 24 kDa beta-thymosin-like protein that is associated with intermedia

210 ession of proteins including ubiquitin, beta-thymosin, myelin basic protein, and hemoglobin were spat

211 ors and determining their importance in beta-thymosins signaling in human vein endothelial cells (HUV

212 educes the monomer buffering ability of beta-thymosin, so that above a certain threshold an increment

213 We investigate thymosin ss4 (Tss4) possessing anti-inflammatory and pro

214 We demonstrate that, upon G-actin binding, thymosin ss4 (Tss4), induces MRTF translocation to the n