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1 subject to very high levels of extracellular tonicity.
2  analysis of p[Na +] or calculation of serum tonicity.
3 tatic response to changes in blood volume or tonicity.
4 p ratings on 2 rating scales: organicity and tonicity.
5 gy reflects both hyper-sensitivity and hyper-tonicity.
6 response of cell volume to changes in plasma tonicity.
7 of the kidney to elevations in extracellular tonicity.
8 a and the accompanying rise in extracellular tonicity.
9 renal medulla, is regulated by extracellular tonicity.
10  Glucose uptake via GLUT2 also raises oocyte tonicity.
11  adapt to changes of interstitial osmolality/tonicity.
12 ional activator that is regulated by ambient tonicity.
13 he neuronal responses to changes in systemic tonicity.
14 ated with hypokalemia or increased medullary tonicity.
15 that are associated with increased medullary tonicity.
16 e airway epithelium is exposed to changes in tonicity.
17 e recognition and regulation of airway fluid tonicity.
18  to the related alterations in extracellular tonicity.
19 curves, as the curves migrated towards lower tonicities.
20 e Cronbach alpha was high for organicity and tonicity (0.98 and 0.97, respectively).
21 IMCD3) cells adapted to increasing levels of tonicity (300, 600, and 900 mosmol/kg H(2)O) by two-dime
22  of carotid body hyper-sensitivity and hyper-tonicity across disease models asking whether there is u
23 hors identify a communal transport route for tonicity-activated and polyol- activated myo-inositol re
24 on of phloretin significantly inhibited both tonicity-activated and polyol-activated myo-inositol rel
25    In cultured bovine lens epithelial cells, tonicity-activated movement of myo-inositol from cell to
26 se in medium osmolality, a mechanism for the tonicity-activated release of myo-inositol was recognize
27 m plays a pivotal role in sodium removal and tonicity adjustment.
28     Beneficial effects beyond changing serum tonicity and alternative uses, such as in polycystic kid
29 ation after EGFR transactivation occurred in tonicity and in a time-dependent manner.
30                                  Similar ASL tonicity and pH were found in cystic fibrosis (CFTR-null
31 ) is involved in the responses to changes in tonicity and that these may be altered in cystic fibrosi
32  with diagnoses that required specific fluid tonicity and volumes were excluded.
33 fflux sodium to decrease their intracellular tonicity, and that this is reversible by blockade of sod
34 thelial cell chloride channel is a voltage-, tonicity- and pH-regulated member of the ClC super famil
35 linical intravenous fluids (IVFs) of various tonicities are often used during treatment of vaso-occlu
36 onfirmed increased expression with increased tonicity, both acute and chronic.
37            (iv) PKAc activity increases with tonicity but cAMP does not.
38 chanism of transduction enhancement involved tonicity but not osmolarity or pH.
39 ed when these cells were exposed to the same tonicity by addition of urea.
40                 The osmosensation of luminal tonicity by ciliary TRPV4 induces bicarbonate secretion,
41                       However, modulation of tonicity can induce alterations in spheroid size.
42 of cells to adapt to increased environmental tonicity can lead to inflammatory gene expression and pa
43  their interaction was adaptable to membrane tonicity changes.
44 ng the possibility that changes in medullary tonicity could play an important role in the regulation
45 t growth factors, pyrimidines and changes in tonicity could trigger ATP release into subretinal space
46                       We have now tested for tonicity dependence of the TAD activity of the 983 C-ter
47                                        Thus, tonicity-dependent activation of the NLS is crucial in t
48 ption factor NFAT5 associated with TonE in a tonicity-dependent fashion in cultured rat renal medulla
49 important role in TonEBP/OREBP activation of tonicity-dependent gene expression; (ii) PKA activation
50 sults: (i) An inhibitor of PKA (H89) reduces tonicity-dependent increases in transactivation, ORE/Ton
51 smic proteins, the fusion proteins displayed tonicity-dependent nucleocytoplasmic trafficking like To
52           Also, amino acids 548-1531 undergo tonicity-dependent phosphorylation, and some inhibitors
53 that is regulated osmotically, apparently by tonicity-dependent phosphorylation.
54 tutively localized to the nucleus and showed tonicity-dependent posttranslational modification consis
55 onEBP/OREBP (amino acids 548-1531) contain a tonicity-dependent transactivation domain (TAD).
56 iii) amino acids 872-1271 are sufficient for tonicity-dependent transactivation of TonEBP/OREBP.
57 erminal polyglutamine stretches, demonstrate tonicity-dependent transactivation, albeit less than ami
58 ome inhibitors of protein kinases reduce the tonicity-dependent transactivation.
59     Through mutagenesis studies, the site of tonicity-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation was mapped t
60 rane in response to changes in extracellular tonicity, despite equivalent constitutive surface expres
61 -alpha-induced endogenous MxA also displayed tonicity-driven disassembly/reassembly.
62 cytopathic effects of a viral infection, the tonicity-driven regulation of MxA condensates may reflec
63                      Increased extracellular tonicity effected a time-dependent reduction in eNOS and
64                                      Ambient tonicity (effective osmolality) is the prominent signal
65  on the binding of the transcription factor, tonicity element-binding protein, or osmotic response el
66 pted to this environment via the function of tonicity enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), and NP cells
67 uclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5)/tonicity enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), the only kno
68 is protein, designated NFATL1 (also known as tonicity enhancer binding protein and NFAT5) is expresse
69 iption factor associated with hypertonicity, tonicity enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP), was cloned u
70          Nuclear factor of activated T cells tonicity-enhancer-binding protein and carbohydrate-respo
71 and bypass the normal requirement of altered tonicity for activation of these transporters.
72 c peptides elicited, at most, a loss of tail tonicity from which the mice most often completely recov
73 to intense variations in extracellular fluid tonicity generated by the corticopapillary gradient.
74 sotonic conditions and increased with higher tonicity in adapted cells.
75 versibly regulated in response to changes of tonicity in primary cortical rat astrocytes and in trans
76  of significantly influencing the phenotypic tonicity in smooth muscle via ROCK2: a lack of tone in A
77 lts showing a critical role for carotid body tonicity in the aetiology of enhanced central respirator
78    We further show that modulation of medium tonicity in vitro regulates the secretion of AQP-1, thus
79          At such high concentration of NaCl, tonicity, indeed, matters, especially in water shifts ac
80 ocks NFkappaB activation, demonstrating that tonicity-induced COX2 expression depends on NFkappaB act
81                                          The tonicity-induced COX2 expression was suppressed by mutan
82 r examine the potential role of C/EBPbeta in tonicity-induced COX2 expression, a dominant negative C/
83  site in the COX2 promoter failed to abolish tonicity-induced COX2 reporter activity.
84                                          For tonicity-induced inositol efflux, BLECs were maintained
85 in myoinositol content, but only when plasma tonicity is concomitantly increased.
86       Adaptation to changes in extracellular tonicity is essential for cell survival.
87 e to variations of extracellular osmolality (tonicity) is crucial.
88 c pathophysiologically relevant increases in tonicity lead to increases in NHE3 protein abundance and
89 r causes an increased tonicity, whereas this tonicity may be decreased by glandular secretions.
90                    Here, we demonstrate that tonicity mediated cell swelling rapidly activates transc
91    We sought to determine whether changes in tonicity might regulate NOS gene expression, and if so,
92  their adaptation to rapid shifts in ambient tonicity normally occurring in the renal medulla.
93  normal subjects after inhalation of varying tonicities of saline alone, and after pretreatment with
94 itioned to detect changes in composition and tonicity of bile, we hypothesized that cilia also functi
95                             Furthermore, the tonicity of eCBs signaling is inversely proportional to
96 quential decrease/increase, respectively, in tonicity of extracellular medium, even in low-salt buffe
97         We compared the effects of different tonicity of infused hypertonic saline on cerebral, lung,
98  from the gel to 880 +/- 54 mosmol kg-1; the tonicity of the absorbate from 2.5 % gels was 352 +/- 38
99  plugs inserted in the lumen, by raising the tonicity of the absorbate from the gel to 880 +/- 54 mos
100         AQP1 trafficking was mediated by the tonicity of the cell environment in a specific PKC- and
101 long-term CsA treatment reduces the salinity/tonicity of the renal medullary interstitium as a result
102 A administration is secondary to the reduced tonicity of the renal medullary interstitium.
103 e decreased salivary flow rate and increased tonicity of the saliva secreted by Aqp5(-)/- mice in res
104  of 2-PMPA, we studied the effect of vehicle tonicity on the absorption of 2-PMPA in the colon.
105 ation of such agents after such increases in tonicity only produced a hyperpolarization after a time
106 a(2+)-permeable channel that can be gated by tonicity (osmolarity) and mechanical stimuli.
107 usly, we showed that increased extracellular tonicity promotes increased type A natriuretic peptide r
108 xcitability, contractility, conductivity and tonicity provided the physiologic explanation necessary
109 sis from phosphatidylcholine is catalyzed by tonicity-regulated activity of the phospholipase B, neur
110        The high NaCl increases expression of tonicity-regulated transcription factor NFAT5 and its bi
111 toplasmic signaling through MAPK pathways in tonicity regulation of COX-2 expression in collecting du
112  external orifice of GLUT2 raises vestibular tonicity relative to the external solution.
113 pendent manner, effectively bypassing normal tonicity requirements for cotransporter regulation.
114   This suggests that the function of AQP1 in tonicity response could be coupled or correlated to its
115                          Expression level of tonicity responsive enhancer binding protein, a transcri
116                                              Tonicity-responsive enhancer (TonE) binding protein (Ton
117                        Here, we identified a tonicity-responsive enhancer (TonE) upstream of the rat
118                                            A tonicity-responsive enhancer (TonE) was identified at -3
119                           Here, we show that tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (NFAT5) lys
120                                              Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) is
121                                              Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) pl
122                                              Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), a
123 ically hyperosmotic microenvironment through Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP/nuc
124 with SMIT1 overexpression, whereas silencing tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein prevented t
125 ls to hypertonicity increases the binding of tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein to the enha
126 eracting with the transcription factor named tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein.
127 The aldose reductase gene is controlled by a tonicity-responsive enhancer, which was refractory to hy
128                                Activation of tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP)/NF
129 olyte accumulation in skin, and activate the tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TONEBP, al
130                         Transcription factor tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP/NFA
131                 When activated by high NaCl, tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein/osmotic res
132                                              Tonicity-responsive enhancer/osmotic response element-bi
133 High NaCl activates the transcription factor tonicity-responsive enhancer/osmotic response element-bi
134 ease in activity of the transcription factor tonicity-responsive enhancer/osmotic response element-bi
135                                              Tonicity-responsive enhancers (TonE) play a key role in
136                           We identified five tonicity-responsive enhancers that are scattered over 50
137 ylation by calcineurin; and (iii) the TonEBP tonicity-responsive proteins.
138 gs demonstrate a central role for NFAT5 as a tonicity-responsive transcription factor required for ki
139 uggest that the TonE/TonEBP pathway mediates tonicity-responsive transcriptional regulation of UT-A1,
140                  An acute increase in plasma tonicity results in an adaptive increase in brain organi
141                                       On the tonicity scale, 0 represented hypotonic and 10 hypertoni
142 dium transporters was altered, the medullary tonicity seemed unchanged.
143 ulated to comprise an element of the central tonicity-sensing mechanism in the mammalian hypothalamus
144 se-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the tonicity sensor TRPV4 at residue Tyr-253 and that this r
145                 Admixtures with intermediate tonicities (sodium = 111-122 mEq/L) resulted in optimal
146                       Admixtures with higher tonicities (sodium = 141 mEq/L) affected sRBC biomechani
147 m), an inhibitor of Src kinases, reduced the tonicity-stimulated COX-2 expression in a dose-dependent
148 p38) as well as Src kinases are required for tonicity-stimulated COX-2 expression in mouse collecting
149                  To study the role of JNK in tonicity-stimulated COX-2 expression, IMCD-3 cell lines
150 ne varied inversely with extracellular fluid tonicity to mediate the osmotic control of AP firing by
151       We have examined the ability of medium tonicity to regulate the activity and expression of this
152 demonstrate that cancer cells modulate their tonicity to survive under compressive solid stress.
153 gations conducted over a half century ago on tonicity, transcapillary fluid exchange, and the distrib
154 changes following increases in extracellular tonicity were compared with microelectrode measurements
155 iration of cool, dry air causes an increased tonicity, whereas this tonicity may be decreased by glan
156 , we report how altering extracellular fluid tonicity with admixtures of clinical IVFs affects sRBC b
157  is unknown how altering extracellular fluid tonicity with IVFs affects sRBC biomechanics in the micr
158                            Increasing medium tonicity with NaCl, sucrose, mannitol, and choline chlor

 
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