ライフサイエンスコーパス: tropical

1 seums of angiosperm generic diversity across tropical Africa, one of the most biodiverse regions on E

2 ic geographic range expansion across most of tropical Africa.

3 ing simultaneously as cradles and museums of tropical African plant biodiversity.

4 and ammonia volatilization (+74%), bringing tropical agricultural nitrate, nitrous oxide, and ammoni

5 obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) diverse lines with high prov

6 developed at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture-Nigeria.

7 High species richness has been documented in tropical agroforestry systems, but comparisons with nati

8 ypes of Conilon and compared them to Robusta Tropical and Arabica coffees, all collected at 3 differe

9 lved OC (DOC) is twice greater in major (sub)tropical and high-latitude rivers than in major temperat

10 ansports microbial assemblages that maintain tropical and oligotrophic (k-strategist) signatures, to

11 r crab Afruca tangeri forages at low tide on tropical and semi-tropical mudflats, under bright sunlig

12 ther increased survival commonly observed in tropical and south temperate latitudes is associated wit

13 the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa occurs in tropical and sub-tropical citrus production regions and

14 are staggeringly prevalent, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas, and are associated with

15 Rice is a tropical and subtropical crop that is sensitive to low t

16 Most parrot species occur in tropical and subtropical forests, and given the forest d

17 affect hundreds of millions of people in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

18 vers (e.g. human demography and migration in tropical and subtropical regions) were also of high impo

19 to the formation of massive reefs in shallow tropical and subtropical seas.

20 ngue is a major public health concern in the tropical and subtropical world, with no effective treatm

21 al with bird movement and foraging data from tropical and temperate communities.

22 Experiments across (sub)tropical and temperate seagrass and salt marsh systems d

23 tion for 40 bird species in north temperate, tropical, and south temperate latitudes.

24 te Rocky Mountains in Colorado, USA, and the tropical Andes in Napo, Ecuador.

25 Here we assessed calling activity of tropical anurans and addressed how species composition v

26 acifica (WTS) when breeding in sympatry in a tropical area.

27 nglefowl, which lives in humid and sub-humid tropical areas.

28 events are frequently aseasonal, such as the tropical, arid, and semi-arid ecosystems that cover vast

29 ich was associated with societal upheaval in tropical Asia.

30 based on published experimental data for 41 tropical benthic marine species using methods adapted fr

31 riven by a long-term increase of land use in tropical biodiversity hotspots.

32 accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.

33 gest negative responses to both pressures in tropical biomes and in the Mediterranean.

34 Tropical biomes are the most diverse plant communities o

35 work to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines.

36 Tropical birds are purported to be longer lived than the

37 and distributional patterns suggesting that tropical bryophytes are highly vagile, our analyses reve

38 Dispersal limitation for tropical bryophytes flies in the face of traditional ass

39 nces between temperate C(3) grasses and (sub)tropical C(4) grasses.

40 While most parrot species are tropical canopy dwellers, a subset has successfully colo

41 only (r(2) = 0.65; p < 0.1), suggesting that tropical canopy greenness in Panama is predominantly lim

42 sticta citricarpa occurs in tropical and sub-tropical citrus production regions and affects all varie

43 Garnacha may develop specific tropical/citrus fruit, kerosene and floral and Tempranil

44 st that 3-mercaptohexanol is responsible for tropical/citrus fruit, TDN for kerosene, volatile phenol

45 g/kg) after a storage of up to 4 weeks under tropical climate conditions (40 degrees C, 75% relative

46 of the tropics, while relative stability in tropical climes led to older, slower-evolving but still

47 This threshold is likely to be surpassed on tropical coastlines within 30 years under high-emissions

48 achrock biofilms that are widespread on (sub)tropical coastlines.

49 ausing high mortality and morbidity in rural tropical communities that typically experience delayed a

50 ore concerning, <1% of temperate grasslands, tropical coniferous forests and tropical dry forests hav

51 on leading to a northward shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone and a weakened and poleward di

52 Similarly, the viability of many tropical coral populations at higher latitudes is highly

53 from community-wide gut content analyses of tropical coral reef fishes worldwide, resulting in diet

54 milar extreme thermal stress events to their tropical counterparts.

55 Tripling of fertilizer N inputs to tropical croplands from 50 to 150 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) w

56 The 2018 tropical cyclone (TC) season over the western North Paci

57 Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), and tropical cyclone counts (TC).

58 that can inform the design and analysis for tropical cyclone epidemiological research.

59 c hazards of the storm can help in designing tropical cyclone epidemiological research.

60 Tropical cyclone epidemiology can be advanced through ex

61 million) of the global population exposed to tropical cyclone flooding live on deltas, with 92% (28 m

62 data at the county level on exposure to four tropical cyclone hazards: peak sustained wind, rainfall,

63 ntration of sea spray, with consequences for tropical cyclone intensification or decline, particularl

64 i.e. sea surface temperatures (SST) from the tropical cyclone main developmental region (MDR), the El

65 n-atmosphere-wave numerical model to analyze tropical cyclone-induced meteotsunami generation and pro

66 The movement of tropical cyclones (TCs), particularly around the time of

67 cal properties during early- and late-season tropical cyclones affecting Okinawa, Japan.

68 Tropical cyclones are increasing in intensity and size a

69 Tropical cyclones are one of the most destructive natura

70 Over the study period and area, tropical cyclones typically brought different hazards to

71 Climate change scenarios predict tropical cyclones will increase in both frequency and in

72 Climate change is intensifying tropical cyclones, accelerating sea-level rise, and incr

73 be leveraged for epidemiological research on tropical cyclones, as well as insights that can inform t

74 n precipitation and flooding associated with tropical cyclones.

75 adverse impacts of natural hazards, such as tropical cyclones.

76 lasting wave trains on the front side of the tropical cyclones.

77 weather systems such as monsoon rainfall and tropical cyclones.

78 Whole-plant harvests of mature and juvenile tropical deciduous trees, evergreen trees, and lianas an

79 A major roadblock for predicting how tropical deforestation affects climate is the lack of ba

80 at-filled milk powders (FMP) are exported to tropical developing markets as inexpensive milk alternat

81 Trypanosomiasis is a devastating neglected tropical disease affecting livestock and humans.

82 orms that cause schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease affecting over 200 million people.

83 Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease causing an estimated 1 million new case

84 Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease predominately affecting poor and margin

85 As neglected tropical disease programs look to consolidate the succes

86 tments for the world's most lethal neglected tropical disease.

87 atial sampling schemes for several neglected tropical diseases (specifically schistosomiasis, soil-tr

88 Trichuriasis and ascariasis are neglected tropical diseases caused by the gastrointestinal dwellin

89 ecial Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases provides a framework to implement MSAs

90 pecies of protozoan parasites, are neglected tropical diseases with millions of cases worldwide.

91 complete, as is often the case for neglected tropical diseases, including the disease system studied

92 Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases.

93 ug administration (MDA) to control neglected tropical diseases.

94 ts) compared to pathogens with predominately tropical distributions (in previous studies).

95 cooling had a disproportionate effect on non-tropical diversification rates, leading to dynamic young

96 ations and plant-herbivore interactions in a tropical dry forest.

97 grasslands, tropical coniferous forests and tropical dry forests have very low human influence acros

98 We find that biomass transfers in tropical ecosystems are less efficient and faster than i

99 eography of lightning strikes in terrestrial tropical ecosystems, and to evaluate whether spatial var

100 opic niches occupied by mammals in analogous tropical ecosystems.

101 bute as much as the combination of all other tropical ecosystems.

102 rally to avoid thermal stress, especially in tropical ecosystems.

103 ands that span a gradient from hemiboreal to tropical ecozones and experience a wide range of fire re

104 Tropical ectotherms are hypothesized to be vulnerable to

105 d generalizations about the vulnerability of tropical ectotherms should be made more cautiously.

106 ecology of Lake Tanganyika fishes and other tropical ectotherms.

107 least 18 species, distributed from polar to tropical environments in the Southern Hemisphere.

108 Africa, is remarkably well adapted to harsh tropical environments.

109 deemed to reveal a previously unknown major tropical eruption in 1108 CE.

110 ormed an intensive coring study within a sub-tropical estuary to assess the spatial variability in se

111 pheric scale interactions between such extra tropical forcing mechanisms and global warming are likel

112 egetation models typically predict that this tropical forest 'carbon sink' will continue for decades(

113 t-caterpillar-parasitoid data in a protected tropical forest and found reductions in the diversity an

114 The idea that tropical forest and savanna are alternative states is cr

115 10) reinforce our conclusion that the intact tropical forest carbon sink has already peaked.

116 cable organizing framework for understanding tropical forest community structure.

117 Tropical forest disturbance is a key driver of global bi

118 itical and previously underestimated role in tropical forest dynamics and carbon cycling.

119 Understanding tropical forest dynamics and planning for their sustaina

120 Tropical forest ecosystems are facing unprecedented leve

121 responses of Earth's two largest expanses of tropical forest have diverged.

122 es to an extreme drought in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Costa Rica, which occurred during the

123 nt feedbacks on seedling demography in a wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico.

124 Tropical forest loss currently exceeds forest gain, lead

125 rest conservation with 443 land users near a tropical forest national park in the Vietnamese Central

126 alm (OP, Elaeis guineensis) plantations into tropical forest peatlands has resulted in ecosystem carb

127 spread conversion, roughly 1.2 billion ha of tropical forest remain, constituting the largest terrest

128 Tropical forest responses to climate and atmospheric cha

129 We find that 294.5 million people live on tropical forest restoration opportunity land in the Glob

130 would provide an economic justification for tropical forest restoration.

131 at in situ experimental warming of a lowland tropical forest soil on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, c

132 (LM3PPA-TV) to improve the representation of tropical forest structure and dynamics in Earth system m

133 ng frequency is associated with variation in tropical forest structure and dynamics.

134 Extrapolating from the only tropical forest study that comprehensively assessed tree

135 Brazil is a megadiversity country with more tropical forest than any other, and is a leading agricul

136 Over five million hectares of tropical forest were cleared across mainland Southeast A

137 nably conserved carbon stocks in a protected tropical forest.

138 is permanently altering the world's largest tropical forest.

139 n the high and arid Andes vs. the low Amazon tropical forest: in the Andes, a putative enhancer in HA

140 al forests (0.48 +/- 0.06) and the lowest in tropical forests (0.40 +/- 0.04).

141 all-seeded species most strongly affected in tropical forests (largest seeds).

142 epresent an accelerating threat to Amazonian tropical forests and can, during drought, affect larger

143 Tropical forests are a key determinant of the functionin

144 More than half of all tropical forests are degraded by human impacts, leaving

145 Soil CO(2) concentrations and emissions from tropical forests are modulated seasonally by precipitati

146 er, it remains unclear if and to what extent tropical forests are shifting in these facets of diversi

147 nted, reduced or altered the biodiversity in tropical forests around the world.

148 on is critical for understanding the role of tropical forests in the global carbon cycle.

149 hese results demonstrate that soil carbon in tropical forests is highly sensitive to warming, creatin

150 Tropical forests store large amounts of carbon and high

151 The fate of tropical forests under future climate change is dependen

152 Tropical forests vary in composition, structure and func

153 rphological traits to improve predictions of tropical forests' responses to environmental change.

154 are critical to determining carbon stocks in tropical forests, but the mechanisms of tropical tree mo

155 is the dominant form of human disturbance in tropical forests, driving changes in the abundance of ve

156 simplistic classifications of human-modified tropical forests, for prioritizing regions for restorati

157 lain observed increases in tree mortality in tropical forests, including the Amazon, and shifts in fo

158 s, productivity, and mortality in old-growth tropical forests.

159 g but lower than the rates for temperate and tropical forests.

160 ict consequences of anthropogenic impacts on tropical forests.

161 warming affects the integrated N dynamic in tropical forests.

162 ons related to resource use, particularly in tropical forests.

163 or the stability of SOC in N-rich and P-poor tropical forests.

164 o be a minor agent of tree mortality in most tropical forests.

165 ove modeling of carbon and water exchange in tropical forests.

166 done to assess impacts of climate change on tropical freshwater organisms.

167 The GSP-treated SAB wine showed greater tropical fruit aroma, and pungency, compared to the bent

168 Mango is a tropical fruit presenting intense postharvest metabolism

169 Mango is one of the world's most important tropical fruits.

170 ow human influence across most datasets, and tropical grasslands, mangroves and montane grasslands al

171 of local anthropogenic disturbance through a tropical heatwave of unprecedented duration.

172 in the northern hemisphere, where feeding by tropical herbivores is predicted to expand from the nort

173 ows that severe disturbances caused by major tropical hurricanes facilitate gene-flow and increase ov

174 utheast monsoon wind strength over the south tropical Indian Ocean is the main driver of year-to-year

175 on of extreme IOD variability and persistent tropical Indo-Pacific climate coupling-may have implicat

176 more than 450 individuals sampled across the tropical Indo-Pacific, morphological information, and th

177 e tropicalization of temperate ecosystems by tropical invasive species.

178 New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centu

179 ulations of the large predicted increases in tropical isoprene emissions with climate warming.

180 rbon cycle unanimously show the dominance of tropical land ecosystems to the signal of global carbon

181 supporting only lower tree longevity in the tropical lowlands are likely to expand under future drie

182 environmental degradation is a threat to all tropical marine communities, but the reefs of St.

183 ddressed these issues by exposing a keystone tropical marine copepod, Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, to

184 Tropical marine ecosystems are highly vulnerable to poll

185 res often co-occur, their potential risks to tropical marine species are usually considered independe

186 icants, copper and the herbicide diuron, for tropical marine species.

187 Tropical mayflies generally exhibited greater thermal se

188 n metabolism compared to temperate mayflies; tropical mayfly metabolic rates increased more rapidly w

189 ation to the Liverpool School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

190 The direct response of the tropical mixed layer to near-inertial waves (NIWs) has o

191 Volcanic activity occurring in tropical moist atmospheres can promote deep convection a

192 g on photosynthesis in canopy species from a tropical montane cloud forest.

193 al studies have documented the importance of tropical mountainous rivers on global silicate weatherin

194 osed to open habitats that incur daily (e.g. tropical mountains) and/or seasonal extremes in temperat

195 eri forages at low tide on tropical and semi-tropical mudflats, under bright sunlight and on moonless

196 bout the potential consequences of increased tropical N fertilizer application.

197 ale characterizations of tropical versus non-tropical niche occupancy.

198 large-scale environmental conditions in the tropical North Atlantic and North Pacific and significan

199 d mesopelagic video transects in the eastern tropical North Atlantic, which features a mild but inten

200 ial impact on biological productivity in the tropical North Atlantic.

201 occurs in sinking particles from the eastern tropical North Pacific oxygen-deficient zone and that so

202 s can be traced to seasonal upwelling in the tropical ocean and winter mixing in the Southern Ocean.

203 tion are the coupled processes through which tropical ocean surface temperatures drive global weather

204 expansions of WBCs will expand the range of tropical oligotrophic microbes, and potentially profound

205 African savanna trees, we suggest an initial tropical or subtropical expansion of savanna between 10

206 ion (ENSO) events originating in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP).

207 interseasonal-interannual variability in the tropical Pacific and substantial efforts have been dedic

208 ed in the oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) of the tropical Pacific but the impacts of El Nino cycles on th

209 iability being the primary influence and the tropical Pacific Ocean being the most dominating larger-

210 ts show a strong correlation between eastern tropical Pacific Ocean mixed-layer thickness and both El

211 We focus here on tropical PCA for dimension reduction and visualization o

212 Tropical peat forests are a globally important reservoir

213 ed CO(2) exchange between the atmosphere and tropical peat swamp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia using th

214 Tropical peat swamp forests (PSFs) are globally importan

215 timate of the impact of land-cover change on tropical peat, and develop science-based peatland manage

216 ariance CH(4) exchange data reported for any tropical peatland, should help to reduce the uncertainty

217 s the current state of knowledge surrounding tropical peatlands and their biophysical characteristics

218 he incomplete data are notable especially in tropical peatlands located in South America, which are e

219 Pitchers of tropical pitcher plants (Nepenthes) host diverse communi

220 ogenies lead to an improved understanding of tropical plant biodiversity evolution.

221 tal intracrystalline amino acids of massive, tropical Porites spp. corals cultured over different sea

222 However, their work focused on the tropical projective space rather than the space of phylo

223 longer-term impact of fires on C cycling in tropical PSFs, hence we quantified the magnitude and pat

224 cluster in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) reduced the FSA production, an

225 The second-largest expanse of continuous tropical rain forest (TRF) in the world is found in Cent

226 We sampled 222 ant species in lowland, tropical rainforest across four vertical strata: subterr

227 oning of 28 woody species of Magnoliids in a tropical rainforest of Madagascar and reported, for the

228 s that experience periodic O(2) limitation-a tropical rainforest Oxisol and a temperate cropland Moll

229 In the tropical rainforest, the leached fraction of terrestrial

230 ght and fire frequencies, converting several tropical rainforests into derived savannas, a phenomenon

231 t communities to reshape the biodiversity in tropical rainforests worldwide.

232 proteinaceous corals filling empty niches as tropical reef builders went extinct.

233 hange adaptation in MPA planning derive from tropical reefs, highlighting the need for research in ot

234 ttlement location of scleractinian corals on tropical reefs.

235 s in Singapore, a well-developed city in the tropical region, where air quality can be influenced by

236 Many tropical regions are experiencing significant changes in

237 suggest that future hydroclimate changes in tropical regions are likely to accelerate soil carbon de

238 ve for epidemic control and public health in tropical regions because it enables the development of i

239 However, some tropical regions display rainfall evolution that differs

240 results suggest that widespread pollution in tropical regions may result in high vulnerability of spe

241 Yellow Fever (YF) is an arbovirus endemic in tropical regions of South America and Africa and it is e

242 c matter caused by the warming predicted for tropical regions this century(2) could accelerate climat

243 ion in K(S) were highest in the warm and wet tropical regions, and lower in cold and dry regions, suc

244 onfirming that P limitation is widespread in tropical regions, our study demonstrates that P limitati

245 otected and unprotected sites are lacking in tropical regions.

246 ve agent of melioidosis, a severe disease in tropical regions.

247 biogeographical and phenological patterns in tropical regions.

248 associated with diversification rates, with tropical rosids forming older communities and experienci

249 The reported first genome sequence of a tropical rubber tree pathogen R. microporus should contr

250 The similarly high lightning frequency in tropical savannas suggests that lightning also influence

251 continental regions) and precipitation (e.g. tropical savannas).

252 the signal of global carbon cycle IAV, where tropical semiarid ecosystems contribute as much as the c

253 arming of macroalgae is a common practice in tropical settings and alters the natural composition of

254 Most tropical sites face large increases in ESL events earlie

255 s tended to be less seasonal in China and in tropical sites.

256 he tropics(4,5); however, the sensitivity of tropical soil carbon turnover to large-scale hydroclimat

257 Tropical soils contain one-third of the carbon stored in

258 f angiosperm tree communities across lowland tropical South America (2,025 inventories from wet to ar

259 waters (<0.02 mumol/l O(2) ) in the Eastern Tropical South Pacific (ETSP) OMZ.

260 ne emissions to the rate of ETR hold true in tropical species and provide necessary "ground-truthing"

261 However, while tropical species have the shortest planktonic durations,

262 It is relatively unknown how tropical species may develop an increased tolerance to t

263 By contrast, temperate and tropical stoneflies did not clearly differ.

264 exico resulted from compounding effects of a tropical storm followed by an atmospheric heatwave.

265 n 2019 Hurricane Dorian, predicted to remain tropical storm, unexpectedly intensified into a Category

266 ere, we analyze property damage caused by 88 tropical storms and hurricanes hitting the United States

267 t our analysis fails to acknowledge that pan-tropical surface cooling caused by large volcanic erupti

268 In this tropical system, innate immune function does not decreas

269 y dependent on the persistence of up-current tropical systems.

270 Between 2013 and 2018, tropical terrestrial ecosystems received an average of 1

271 ubation study of soils from 203 sites across tropical to boreal forests in China spanning a wide rang

272 Moreover, the genome complexity and sub-tropical to temperate growing climate of Louisiana warra

273 However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown.

274 can be accurately predicted by representing tropical tree diversity (hundreds of species) with only

275 With increasing information on tropical tree life histories, our predictive understandi

276 s in tropical forests, but the mechanisms of tropical tree mortality remain poorly understood.

277 st whether above- and below-ground traits of tropical tree seedlings could explain observed occurrenc

278 How trade-offs in the allocation of tropical tree seedlings depend on different stressors re

279 ed on the characteristics of shade-tolerant, tropical tree species, implements a new growth allocatio

280 anding of important functional dimensions in tropical trees and highlights the need for integrating t

281 However, data on whether tropical trees can adjust hydraulic traits when experien

282 Lightning strikes thousands of tropical trees every day, but is commonly assumed to be

283 Tropical trees grow, on average, two times faster compar

284 of plant traits from the upper canopy of 15 tropical trees in two contrasting Panamanian forests thr

285 nted to analyze data from the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission's (IATTC) tropical tuna purse-s

286 -American Tropical Tuna Commission's (IATTC) tropical tuna purse-seine fishery observer bycatch datab

287 aematodes and S. pulcherrima, both native to tropical understory.

288 In particular, tropical upper-tropospheric troughs (TUTTs), as part of

289 he, and two broad-scale characterizations of tropical versus non-tropical niche occupancy.

290 o P fertilisation were 40-100% higher in (a) tropical vs temperate regions; (b) grass/legume mixtures

291 Fisheries species in tropical waters associate with a wide range of habitats,

292 temperature (SST) is a fundamental driver of tropical weather systems such as monsoon rainfall and tr

293 We suggest that ecological conditions in tropical West Africa make the fuelling prior to northwar

294 ian communities at the cross-currents of the Tropical Western Atlantic (TWA).

295 CO(2) will increase under warmer climate in tropical wet forests, and precipitation patterns will de

296 eedbacks are not transient, the diversity of tropical wet forests, which may rely on negative density

297 and managed systems located in temperate and tropical wetlands and rice paddies.

298 During northward migration, tropical-wintering sanderlings occurred at their final s

299 hrough Iceland during northward migration of tropical-wintering sanderlings, in addition to the skipp

300 to have the largest area of peatlands in the tropical zone.