ライフサイエンスコーパス: trypanosome

1 lectively, and potently kill both species of trypanosome.

2 paign to achieve greater potency against the trypanosome.

3 q) in comparison to non-infectious procyclic trypanosomes.

4 e single bifunctional TIM complex present in trypanosomes.

5 of resistance to antifolate drugs in African trypanosomes.

6 the presence of a distinct lamina system in trypanosomes.

7 cyclic form (PCF) and bloodstream form (BSF) trypanosomes.

8 enic variation and immune evasion in African trypanosomes.

9 ency against axenically cultured bloodstream trypanosomes.

10 first characterized component of the FPC in trypanosomes.

11 y required for viability in bloodstream-form trypanosomes.

12 at accumulates in the kinetoplast in African trypanosomes.

13 NgTET1 and the base J-binding proteins from trypanosomes.

14 in proteins may maintain the BF cell fate in trypanosomes.

15 ns and some primates against several African trypanosomes.

16 arcescens strain Db11) and parasitic African trypanosomes.

17 r innate immune activity that extends beyond trypanosomes.

18 but little is known about these controls in trypanosomes.

19 lar, a cytoskeletal barrier element found in trypanosomes.

20 human innate immune response against African trypanosomes.

21 rocess of RNA editing in the mitochondria of trypanosomes.

22 component of the flagellar pocket collar of trypanosomes.

23 plore coevolution between the APOL1 gene and trypanosomes.

24 biosynthesis is a key drug target in African trypanosomes.

25 the transmission of many species of African trypanosomes.

26 n is not a prerequisite for transcription in trypanosomes.

27 Grx1, the only cytosolic redox-active Grx in trypanosomes.

28 lay important roles in resistance to African trypanosomes.

29 nd investigate their effects against African trypanosomes.

30 ibed way of control may not be restricted to trypanosomes.

31 library screens in bloodstream-form African trypanosomes, a family of parasites that causes lethal h

32 a levels by indolepyruvate, following LPS or trypanosome activation, results in a decrease in product

33 An AS-HK014-resitant line, trypanosomes adapted to AS-HK014 (TA014), was developed

34 of LC8 from mammalian-infective bloodstream trypanosomes affected cell cycle progression, reduced th

35 In trypanosomes, all mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs such as sma

36 nse EVs transfer SRA to non-human infectious trypanosomes, allowing evasion of human innate immunity.

37 obin-haemoglobin receptor (HpHbR) of African trypanosomes allows acquisition of haem and provides an

38 transcribed by RNA polymerase III, which in trypanosomes also generates the spliceosomal U-rich smal

39 ill unknown in the trypanosomatid parasites, Trypanosome and Leishmania.

40 in polyphosphate (polyP) and are present in trypanosomes and also in a diverse range of other organi

41 comparison between protein cohorts and other trypanosomes and also suggest that clathrin trafficking

42 ing central nervous system (CNS) invasion by trypanosomes and are associated with the presentation of

43 modulate all steps of the mRNA life cycle in trypanosomes and help organize transcriptomes into clust

44 ligand and innate immunity factor uptake by trypanosomes and identifies adaptations that allow effic

45 Recent data in trypanosomes and in human cells indicate that such varia

46 Kinetoplastid parasites such as trypanosomes and Leishmania must adapt to their environm

47 rsity of expressed VSGs in any population of trypanosomes and monitored VSG population dynamics in vi

48 Trans-splicing in trypanosomes and nematodes has been characterized as a s

49 onal analyses have been undertaken mainly in trypanosomes and nematodes leaves a somehow fragmented p

50 ing applied to protozoan parasites including trypanosomes and Plasmodium.

51 substantially reduced folate transport into trypanosomes and reduced the parasite's susceptibly to t

52 African trypanosomes and related kinetoplastid parasites selecti

53 eduction of IP(3)-mediated Ca(2+) release in trypanosomes and resulted in defects in growth in cultur

54 usive site of uptake from the environment in trypanosomes and shields receptors from exposure to the

55 stic model of antigenic variation in African trypanosomes and species differences in virulence and tr

56 reminiscent of those present in insect-stage trypanosomes and that steric constraints, not stage-spec

57 y is limited to four insect fossils in which trypanosomes and the malarial protozoan Plasmodium have

58 hitecture of the TAC40-containing complex in trypanosomes and the MDM10-containing ERMES in yeast is

59 rum protein conferring resistance to African trypanosomes, and certain ApoL1 variants increase suscep

60 ria and also in systems as diverse as yeast, trypanosomes, and hypoxic tumors.

61 as Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, trypanosomes, and Leishmania, are a major cause of disea

62 ptake of folate and classical antifolates in trypanosomes, and TbFT1-3 loss-of-function is a mechanis

63 These effects of 1 on the trypanosome are reminiscent of "mitotic slippage" or end

64 Trypanosomes are among the earliest diverging eukaryotes

65 African trypanosomes are capable of both de novo synthesis and s

66 African trypanosomes are capable of both pyrimidine biosynthesis

67 African and American trypanosomes are causative agents of Nagana and Chagas d

68 Trypanosomes are flagellated protozoan parasites (kineto

69 Trypanosomes are important disease agents of humans, liv

70 he tsetse's gut, VSG molecules released from trypanosomes are internalized by cells of the cardia-the

71 African trypanosomes are mainly transmitted by tsetse flies.

72 of regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in trypanosomes are not completely understood.

73 African trypanosomes are protected by a densely packed surface m

74 Trypanosomes are spread by tsetse flies, their transmiss

75 In mammalian hosts, trypanosomes are thought to exist in two major niches: e

76 se flies (Glossina spp.), vectors of African trypanosomes, are distinguished by their specialized rep

77 e of intravital microscopy and using African trypanosomes as a model, we studied the role of CRIg in

78 t enzyme-prozyme organization is expanded in trypanosomes as a posttranslational means of enzyme regu

79 t expression of PGKC is lethal for procyclic trypanosomes, as a consequence of ATP depletion, due to

80 and evolutionary struggle between humans and trypanosomes at both the molecular and population geneti

81 iciencies vary widely between genes and, for trypanosomes at least, for the same gene across stages.

82 In contrast, both human and trypanosome Atg4 orthologues exhibited exclusive prefere

83 After challenge with trypanosomes, attacin expression was latent in tsetse th

84 and indicates that VSG serves a dual role in trypanosome biology-that of facilitating transmission th

85 e, explain the polypharmacology of AEE788 on trypanosome biology.

86 g of the flagellar membrane connected to the trypanosome body, leading to detachment and release of t

87 Our 1.25A resolution crystal structure of a trypanosome bromodomain in complex with I-BET151 reveals

88 Thus, our studies reveal a role for trypanosome bromodomain proteins in maintaining bloodstr

89 A new study identifies a small ncRNA from Trypanosome brucei as a vault RNA (vtRNA) based on seque

90 at confers innate resistance to most African trypanosomes, but not Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense or

91 suramin has multiple and complex effects on trypanosomes, but unexpectedly partially activates mitoc

92 a brucei subspecies but protected from other trypanosomes by circulating high-density lipoprotein (HD

93 y and specifically depleting thiol levels in trypanosomes by forming an adduct.

94 We here visualized nuclear export in trypanosomes by intra- and intermolecular multi-colour s

95 uired for intravascular clearance of African trypanosomes by KCs, preventing the early mortality of i

96 shmania parasites, interacts with a putative trypanosome calcium channel and is required for its targ

97 We conclude that BSF trypanosomes can modify GPIs by generating structures re

98 Infections with African trypanosomes can persist for years and cause human and a

99 African trypanosomes cause devastating diseases in humans and do

100 ing behaviour of tsetse flies which transmit trypanosomes causing human and animal trypanosomiases, i

101 collapse of cellular ATP ultimately leads to trypanosome cell death.

102 ligand uptake in the context of the complex trypanosome cell surface.

103 erved that suramin is rapidly accumulated in trypanosome cells proportionally to ISG75 abundance.

104 Although the EC(50) of compound 17b against trypanosome cells was 1.77 uM, it had no effect on cultu

105 In African trypanosomes clathrin-mediated trafficking is responsibl

106 e show that IgM loses its ability to mediate trypanosome clearance at unexpectedly early stages of co

107 of human EGFR and/or VEGFR as possible anti-trypanosome compounds.

108 Consequently, polyploid trypanosomes containing 8C equivalent of DNA per nucleus

109 s interior organs, the incessantly swimming trypanosomes cross various barriers and confined surroun

110 like, subpellicular microtubule array of the trypanosome cytoskeleton while soluble proteins are wash

111 at associates with several components of the trypanosome cytoskeleton.

112 etic metabolite complementation." First, the trypanosome de novo pathway enzymes GDP-mannose dehydrat

113 grity in both procyclic and bloodstream form trypanosomes, decreased ATP production via oxidative pho

114 of gene expression in kinetoplastids such as trypanosomes depends heavily on RNA-binding proteins tha

115 scopy illuminated the versatile behaviour of trypanosome developmental stages, ranging from solitary

116 epimastigote, and pre- and mature metacyclic trypanosome developmental stages.

117 To study the kinetics of early events in trypanosome division, we employed an "AEE788 block and r

118 o catalyze iterative oxidation of thymine in trypanosome DNA.

119 ked oligosaccharide donor specificities, and trypanosomes do not follow many of the canonical rules d

120 Conversely, expression of an E. coli POT in trypanosomes drives parasite differentiation, and oligop

121 By observing insect-derived trypanosomes during the window of peak expression of mei

122 ally similar to vertebrate and fungal CR4/5, trypanosome eCR4/5 is structurally distinctive, lacking

123 These findings suggest that trypanosomes employ a novel DNA damage-induced metaphase

124 high-density lipoprotein-associated APOL1 in trypanosome endosomes leads to eventual lysis of the par

125 onventional DYRK family regulation and links trypanosome environmental sensing, signal transduction a

126 African trypanosomes evade clearance by host antibodies by perio

127 17) and its derivatives (17a and 17b) killed trypanosomes even in the absence of AF.

128 These data indicate that trypanosome EVs are organelles mediating non-hereditary

129 Trypanosome EVs can also fuse with mammalian erythrocyte

130 Trypanosome EVs contain several flagellar proteins that

131 nitively show that substantial quantities of trypanosomes exist within the skin following experimenta

132 agella connector at the tip of an assembling trypanosome flagellum and three constituents of the axon

133 ggest a general processing role for TbRP2 in trypanosome flagellum assembly and challenge the notion

134 me-scale RNA interference library in African trypanosomes for isometamidium resistance mechanisms.

135 ariant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of African trypanosomes, for example, is sized for an effective dif

136 SGs facilitates escape of a subpopulation of trypanosomes from antibody-mediated killing.

137 ES-attenuated slender bloodstream trypanosomes gain full developmental competence for tran

138 egulation of hmU and base J formation in the trypanosome genome by JGT and base J-binding protein.

139 The trypanosome genome contains a family of around 14 transf

140 he main carbon sources used by the procyclic trypanosomes (glucose, proline, and threonine) after del

141 linkage between Gpi8 and Gpi16 in human and trypanosome GPIT, our data show that the luminal domains

142 We report that TbRft1-null procyclic trypanosomes grow nearly normally.

143 xanoylhomoserine lactone which also supports trypanosome growth.

144 The bumblebee Bombus terrestris and its trypanosome gut parasite Crithidia bombi are a model sys

145 r BF-specific immune evasion mechanisms that trypanosomes harness to evade mammalian host antibody re

146 r, uptake of pyrimidines in bloodstream form trypanosomes has not been investigated, making it diffic

147 Trypanosomes have a trypanothione redox metabolism that

148 Trypanosomes have a wide host range and their receptors

149 Trypanosomes have complex life cycles within which there

150 tain prolonged infection of mammals, African trypanosomes have evolved remarkable surface coats and a

151 Consequently, trypanosomes have several enzymes adapted to using T(SH)

152 Trypanosomes have several types of RNP granules, but lac

153 Here, we identify a trypanosome histone acetyltransferase (HAT3) and a deace

154 is necessary for normal growth of procyclic trypanosomes, (ii) localizes to the endoplasmic reticulu

155 describe in detail the swimming behaviour of trypanosomes in blood and tissues of a vertebrate host.

156 partners highlights the early divergence of trypanosomes in evolution.

157 can autonomously regulate gene expression in trypanosomes in response to an external factor and revea

158 cyclical vectors of deadly human and animal trypanosomes in sub-Saharan Africa.

159 The presence of trypanosomes in the bloodstream was assessed using RNAi

160 ts for their ability to kill human infective trypanosomes in vivo to identify the molecular mechanism

161 In trypanosomes, in contrast to most eukaryotes, the large

162 e presence of homologs of this gene in other trypanosomes, including pathogens for humans and animals

163 onization seems to be promoted by factors in trypanosome-infected blood that cause higher salivary gl

164 mpound 22a reduced parasitemia 10(9) fold in trypanosome-infected mice; it is an advanced lead for HA

165 We detail critical steps in the course of trypanosome infection establishment that can serve as no

166 ions in healthy individuals, are elicited by trypanosome infection in both murine models and human sl

167 scussed, focusing on their potential role on trypanosome infection outcomes.

168 kinesin plays an important role in promoting trypanosome infection, and its neutralization or the loc

169 tor-1, a mediator of innate immunity against trypanosome infection.

170 APOL1 protects against trypanosome infections by forming ion channels within th

171 cluding salivary gland hypertrophy virus and trypanosome infections, are highlighted.

172 a crucial role in host responses to African trypanosome infections.

173 RNAi against SPBB1 in procyclic trypanosomes inhibited basal body segregation, disrupted

174 procyclin surface antigen genes expressed on trypanosome insect forms.

175 ntibodies bound to VSG on the surface of the trypanosome is blocked.

176 The cellular morphology of trypanosomes is central to their motility, adaptation to

177 n of the acquired immune response in African trypanosomes is principally mediated by antigenic variat

178 between vertebrate and insect stage African trypanosomes is probably one of the better studied and i

179 The regulation of transcription in trypanosomes is unusual.

180 oteomics and RNA interference to interrogate trypanosome kinases bearing a Cys-Asp-Xaa-Gly motif (CDX

181 required exclusively for maintenance of the trypanosome kinetoplast.

182 Although trypanosomes lack G protein-coupled receptor signaling,

183 Trypanosomes lack homologues to most of the involved pro

184 Trypanosomes lacking TbSNM1, a nuclease that specificall

185 However, trypanosomes lacking this enzyme are more susceptible to

186 nsferase and two proteins with a function in trypanosome life-cycle regulation.

187 It is not known how trypanosomes limit the action of the alternative complem

188 oduced by T. brucei rhodesiense and prevents trypanosome lysis by APOL1.

189 h-density lipoprotein (HDL) complexes called trypanosome lytic factors (TLFs) 1 and 2.

190 en Trypanosoma brucei brucei is conferred by trypanosome lytic factors (TLFs), against which human-in

191 ion/deletion mRNA editing in mitochondria of trypanosomes maintain 5' triphosphate characteristic of

192 nce suggests broad, but specific, impacts on trypanosome metabolism (i.e. polypharmacology).

193 of the extensive U-insertion RNA editing in trypanosome mitochondria, which may have provided select

194 We correlate the microenvironments and trypanosome morphologies to high-speed motility data, wh

195 Trypanosomes mostly regulate gene expression through pos

196 oduction, consistent with a role of vtRNA in trypanosome mRNA metabolism.

197 In trypanosomes, mRNAs are processed by spliced leader (SL)

198 Tsetse-transmitted African trypanosomes must develop into mammalian-infectious meta

199 mplies that transcription and replication in trypanosomes must occur in a highly ordered and cooperat

200 Moreover, the trypanosome NPC has almost complete nucleocytoplasmic sy

201 ess this, we describe the interactome of the trypanosome NPC, a representative, highly divergent euka

202 hokont (yeast and vertebrates) and excavate (trypanosomes) NPCs.

203 haustive interactome, allowing assignment of trypanosome nucleoporins to discrete NPC substructures.

204 rovide a second example of the adaptation by trypanosomes of beta3-glycosyltransferase family members

205 Furthermore, the expression of secreted trypanosome oligopeptidases generates a paracrine signal

206 st also be exported from the nucleus and the trypanosome orthologue of NMD3 has been confirmed to be

207 basic architecture and detailed function of trypanosome OSTs.

208 six further components, which form part of a trypanosome outer kinetochore complex.

209 Trypanosome parasites are hiding in human skin, a discov

210 Trypanosome parasites control their virulence and spread

211 provide increased protection against African trypanosome parasites while also significantly increasin

212 African trypanosomes, parasites that cause human sleeping sickne

213 We show that trypanosomes penetrate the ectoperitrophic space in whic

214 African trypanosomes possess hundreds of variant surface glycopr

215 Trypanosomes possess two canonical RNA poly (A) polymera

216 In the African trypanosome, PPL2 is a nuclear enzyme present in G2 phas

217 Bloodstream African trypanosomes produce membranous nanotubes that originate

218 Circulating APOL1 lyses trypanosomes, protecting against human sleeping sickness

219 We show that a trypanosome protein analogous to human protein WDR79, is

220 ti-HAT drug discovery) associates with three trypanosome protein kinases.

221 We previously showed that the trypanosome protein MKT1 forms a multicomponent protein

222 In trypanosomes, protein coding genes are arranged in direc

223 ough unproven, it is generally accepted that trypanosomes reach the ectoperitrophic space by penetrat

224 Here we identify an African trypanosome receptor for mammalian factor H, a negative

225 ion of TbMCU in RNAi or conditional knockout trypanosomes reduces mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake without

226 Our data indicate that trypanosomes regulate the completion of nuclear export,

227 hly potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of trypanosome replication.

228 mitochondrial nucleoid (kinetoplast) in the trypanosome requires numerous proteins, many of whose pr

229 However, visualizing the behaviour of trypanosomes resident in a live vertebrate host has rema

230 cing and a novel bioinformatic platform, the Trypanosome RNA Editing Alignment Tool (TREAT), to eluci

231 and highlights their function in the unique trypanosome rRNA maturation events.

232 nalyse data pertaining to all aspects of the trypanosome's biochemical physiology that go some way to

233 ce editing was discovered in mitochondria of trypanosomes, several functionally and evolutionarily un

234 dy reveals that quorum sensing signalling in trypanosomes shares similarities to fundamental quiescen

235 hrough TbGPR89 provides a mechanism for both trypanosome SIF production and reception.

236 Here, the trypanosome signalling pathway is discussed in the conte

237 ence supporting Ran-dependent mRNA export in trypanosomes, similar to protein transport.

238 rized in T. brucei, co-infections with other trypanosome species (Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanos

239 tor of human serum, can lyse several African trypanosome species including Trypanosoma brucei brucei,

240 toglobin-haemoglobin receptor of the African trypanosome species, Trypanosoma brucei, is expressed wh

241 tivity relationships, consistent across both trypanosome species.

242 d this additional processing likely requires trypanosome-specific factors.

243 r-resolution microscopy, we identified a new trypanosome-specific protein named BBP164 and found that

244 rtwheel proteins, TbSAS-6 and TbBLD10, and a trypanosome-specific protein, BBP65, play essential role

245 Several trypanosome-specific proteins common with African trypan

246 ation and functional characterization of two trypanosome-specific proteins, flagellum attachment zone

247 the Aurora B kinase TbAUK1, and a cohort of trypanosome-specific proteins, including the three cytok

248 nary divergence, the amino acid sequences of trypanosome splicing factors exhibit limited similarity

249 Laboratory-adapted (monomorphic) trypanosome strains respond inefficiently to SIF but can

250 evaluate the rate of VSG replacement at the trypanosome surface following a genetic VSG switch, and

251 ed IgMs interact with both HPR and alternate trypanosome surface proteins, including variant surface

252 o inactivate complement C3b deposited on the trypanosome surface.

253 African trypanosomes survive the immune defense of their hosts b

254 ection model that allows detailed imaging of trypanosome swimming behaviour in vivo in a natural host

255 drial genomes to actin filaments, whereas in trypanosomes TAC40 mediates the linkage of the mitochond

256 Indeed, trypanosomes take up dimeric HpHb at significantly lower

257 two putative Mlp-related proteins in African trypanosomes, TbNup110 and TbNup92, the latter of which

258 th of conditional knock-out bloodstream form trypanosomes (TbVtc4-KO) was significantly affected rela

259 Interestingly, the trypanosome template core domain lacks the ubiquitous ps

260 Accordingly, characterization of trypanosome TFIIH did not identify a kinase component.

261 For the parasitic trypanosomes that cause African sleeping sickness, matin

262 they conferred protection against pathogenic trypanosomes that cause African sleeping sickness.

263 R (R for repair) resulted in viable cultured trypanosomes that grew slower than normal.

264 G2, protect against infection by species of trypanosomes that resist wild-type APOL1.

265 In bloodstream trypanosomes, the amount of the 45 S complexes was drast

266 etse flies are biological vectors of African trypanosomes, the protozoan parasites responsible for ca

267 In trypanosomes, these factors sustain a highly effective a

268 Here, we use the trypanosome to identify TZ components and localize them

269 Prolonged exposure of trypanosomes to AEE788 inhibited transferrin endocytosis

270 The mechanisms that enable trypanosomes to cross this barrier are currently unknown

271 protein (VSG) genes is essential for African trypanosomes to evade the host antibody response by anti

272 17-AAG treatment sensitized trypanosomes to heat shock and caused severe morphologic

273 llar phosphodiesterase PDEB1 is required for trypanosomes to move in response to signals in vitro (so

274 We have exploited a unique feature of trypanosomes to prepare a cellular fraction highly enric

275 Our functional study of trypanosome TR core domains suggests that the functional

276 vestigate Fam10 family proteins as potential trypanosome transmission blocking vaccine antigens.

277 sickness, a fatal zoonotic disease caused by trypanosomes transmitted by tsetse flies.

278 bility of the tsetse fly-transmitted African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei depends on maintenance an

279 noallelic exclusion ensures that the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei exclusively expresses onl

280 The African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei is a single-celled eukary

281 The parasitic trypanosomes Trypanosoma brucei and T. cruzi are respons

282 African trypanosomes (Trypanosoma) are vector-borne haemoparasit

283 The African trypanosome, Trypanosoma brucei, is a parasitic protozoa

284 In pathogenic trypanosomes, trypanothione synthetase (TryS) catalyzes

285 Here, we show that the trypanosome TZ protein 'basalin' is essential for buildi

286 oteins operating at the nuclear periphery of trypanosomes, uncovering complex evolutionary trajectori

287 other feature of the infection dynamic, with trypanosomes undergoing quorum sensing (QS)-dependent di

288 African trypanosomes use an extreme form of antigenic variation

289 lution, maintenance, and spread of important trypanosome variants such as Trypanosoma brucei evansi t

290 involved in aminophospholipid synthesis, for trypanosome viability.

291 interactions have important implications for trypanosome virulence, transmission, competition and evo

292 We identified trypanosome VSG exclusion-1 (VEX1) using a genetic scree

293 The African trypanosome was thought to primarily develop in the bloo

294 nosome-specific proteins common with African trypanosomes, were also identified.

295 ation is central to the virulence of African trypanosomes, where the VSG coat is used to evade the ho

296 isi is a member of the Stercorarian group of trypanosomes which is, based on human infections and exp

297 9 is expressed on bloodstream "slender form" trypanosomes, which receive the SIF signal, and when ect

298 n of one putative translesion Pol in African trypanosomes, which we now name TbPolIE.

299 Incubation of trypanosomes with nicotinamide causes deleterious defect

300 Glucose-transport inhibitors killed trypanosomes without killing erythrocytes, neurons or li