ライフサイエンスコーパス: twitch

1 lar DNA, kin recognition, and cell motility (twitching).

2 2013, 159 patients consented and enrolled in TWiTCH.

3 e identified to positively impact quadriceps twitch.

4 and increasing the amplitude of the cardiac twitch.

5 le were those activated by the evoked muscle twitch.

6 00 ms of whisker movements, especially after twitches.

7 ons of corollary discharge are absent during twitching.

8 D With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea [TWiTCH]).

9 IV pili (TFP), a motility mechanism known as twitching(1,2).

10 before (M3) and after (M2 and M3) training: twitch (56% vs. 62%), lift (6% vs. 5%), and extend (37%

11 ts that spinal reflexes are inhibited during twitching [9-11], this finding suggests that twitches tr

12 ides evidence that muscle stimulation evoked twitches - a physiological stimulus for Golgi tendon org

13 erse range of species is able to 'glide' or 'twitch' across surfaces.

14 py) of more-complex, multi-joint patterns of twitching; again, wild-types/heterozygotes exhibited dev

15 on in hSOD1(G93A)-UeGFP mice, and their slow-twitch alpha and gamma motor neuron identity was confirm

16 to a subset of small-size SMN that are slow-twitch alpha and gamma motor neurons.

17 We show that twitches, although self-generated, are processed as if t

18 This mechanism explains how twitches, although self-generated, trigger abundant reaf

19 cle action potential, and functional whisker twitch analysis.

20 eletal muscles are broadly divided into slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers.

21 Maximal twitch and isometric tetanic force were reduced at 24 mo

22 econdaries, which innervate superficial fast-twitch and slow fibers via medial and septal nerves, fol

23 ously and respond to electrical stimuli with twitch and tetanic contractions.

24 mproved cardiac function as well as improved twitch and tetanic force in skeletal muscle.

25 ning at a frequency of 2048 Hz, we show that twitch and tetanic force responses to electric pulses fo

26 raphy and muscle force measurements (maximum twitch and tetanic forces) were obtained along with musc

27 results in 3.05 and 2.28 times increases in twitch and tetanic forces, respectively, suggesting that

28 mulated Ca(2+) concentrations in the case of twitch and tetanus, corresponding to different applied c

29 es of muscle fibers called type I "red" slow twitch and type II "white" fast twitch, which display ma

30 d neck pain, problems with attention, muscle twitches and anxiety.

31 vity in muscle bundles was linked with early twitching and eventual coordinated movement.

32 esults show that the forces generated during twitching and gliding have complementary characters, and

33 ing swimming in aqueous media, and swarming, twitching and gliding on solid and semi-solid surfaces.

34 ty mechanisms of Myxococcus xanthus, namely, twitching and gliding.

35 Neurons in the RN fired phasically before twitching and wake movements of the contralateral foreli

36 llowed by a marked and prolonged decrease in twitching and wake movements.

37 Mdivi-1 also significantly increased basal, twitch, and tetanus stresses, as measured using the Musc

38 iderable variability in the features of head twitches, and behaviors such as jumping have similar cha

39 intrusions, frequent transitions, and muscle twitches are common traits in fibromyalgia.

40 Myoclonic twitches are jerky movements that occur exclusively and

41 Although head twitches are usually identified by direct observation, t

42 results also highlight the potential use of twitching as a uniquely informative diagnostic tool for

43 ticellular movements, a conserved feature in twitching bacteria.

44 Twitching bacterial groups also produce traction hotspot

45 Head-twitch behavior (HTR) is the behavioral signature of psy

46 -HT(2A)R density or psychedelic-induced head-twitch behavior in adult MIA offspring.

47 e symptoms of schizophrenia, it reduced head twitch behavior induced by DOI, but it failed to inhibit

48 5-HT(2A)R agonist-induced head-twitch behavior was also augmented in this preclinical m

49 The effects of fingolimod on twitching behavior and life span were also demonstrated.

50 many phenotypes tested, mucoidy and reduced twitching best predicted subsequent PE.

51 brief bursts immediately following myoclonic twitches; by P12, theta oscillations are expressed conti

52 We found that rapid sensorimotor twitches, called pumps, occurring during free-air whiski

53 In this article we track individual twitching cells and observe that their trajectories cons

54 xpectedly revealed a category of reflex-like twitching-comprising an agonist twitch followed immediat

55 nd timescale during whole-muscle stretch and twitch contraction.

56 By contrast, during rhythmic twitch contractions (4 Hz), slow onset vasodilatation (S

57 contraction (100 Hz, 500 ms) and to rhythmic twitch contractions (4 Hz, 30 s) was impaired at 5 days,

58 his was achieved by comparing the effects of twitch contractions and stretches as donor inputs onto t

59 The results demonstrate that twitch contractions are a feasible non-invasive approach

60 thesis that intramuscular stimulation evoked twitch contractions could be used to naturally bias acti

61 h excitatory and inhibitory effects, whereas twitch contractions evoked inhibitory effects only.

62 Both donor muscle stretch and twitch contractions inhibited a recipient muscle with GT

63 sed blood flow and interstitial PO(2) during twitch contractions reflecting impaired O(2) delivery-to

64 Rhythmic twitch contractions stimulate FA endothelium to release

65 Muscle stretch, but not twitch contractions, evoked excitation onto recipient mu

66 During rhythmic twitch contractions, slow onset vasodilatation (10-15 s)

67 r) (5.9 +/- 0.9 vs. 4.7 +/- 1.1 mmHg) during twitch contractions.

68 arvae exhibited abnormal swimming, increased twitching, defective eye movement and pectoral fin contr

69 development of local and global features of twitching, demonstrating that twitching is shaped by sen

70 Both slow- and fast-twitch diaphragm muscle fibers of critically ill patient

71 and exhibit a partial SPASM motif, coined a Twitch domain.

72 mouse myotubes were stimulated by ACh, with twitch duration and frequency most closely resembling th

73 ectromyography recordings also showed muscle twitches during sleep and the dissociation of theta acti

74 gy, no extant technology can image sarcomere twitch dynamics in live humans.

75 The effects of the mutation on twitch dynamics were fully reproduced by a single parame

76 nists enhance the function of slow- and fast-twitch dystrophic muscles and because their use is limit

77 histologically and functionally rescued slow-twitch dystrophic muscles.

78 ] trigger hundreds of thousands of myoclonic twitches each day [19].

79 eural pathways involved in the generation of twitches early in development.

80 threshold) afferents activated by the muscle twitch evoked by electrical stimulation of the facial ne

81 In rat pups, limb twitches exhibit a complex spatiotemporal structure that

82 At both ages, twitches exhibited highly structured spatiotemporal prop

83 pacities of these isoforms different in fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and slow-twitch s

84 he specific force of contraction of the fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscle yet had no effec

85 anges were not detected in non-atrophic fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscle.

86 -Fc) completely restore the function of fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscles in dystrophic m

87 tile force that was not observed in the fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscles of R58Q vs. wil

88 soleus muscles (SOL) with no effect on fast twitch extensor digitorum longus muscles.

89 al therapy were poor; on average, quadriceps twitch fell by -1.02 +/- 0.71 Newtons.

90 ggest that: (1) ERK1/2 are critical for slow-twitch fiber growth; (2) a defective gamma/epsilon-AChR

91 etal muscle, specifically implicated in slow-twitch fiber-type specification, function, and cardiomyo

92 low-twitch (ST), oxidative (relative to fast-twitch) fiber proportion is prevalent in chronic disease

93 muscle is composed of approximately 67% fast-twitch fibers (MHC IIa+IId).

94 drives expression of the FGF21 gene in fast-twitch fibers and is metabolically protective.

95 fast twitch skeletal fibers and not in slow twitch fibers or cardiac tissues.

96 from fast-twitch muscle fibers, whereas slow-twitch fibers remain innervated.

97 ainly in muscles with a predominance of fast-twitch fibers, suggesting that fiber type-specific lipid

98 on of the nNOS promotor in soleus (Sol; slow-twitch fibre dominant) and extensor digitorum longus (ED

99 nt) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL; fast-twitch fibre dominant) muscles.

100 eed running and an important glycolytic fast-twitch fibre recruitment boundary in the rat) principall

101 reflex-like twitching-comprising an agonist twitch followed immediately by an antagonist twitch-that

102 d uses frequency-dependent modulation of the twitch for force potentiation performs best for the slow

103 ed different types of motility, with reduced twitching for DeltafimX and reduced swimming for Deltadi

104 atic digestion, attached to carbon rods, and twitch force and intracellular Ca(2+) were measured.

105 onvolitional objective technique, quadriceps twitch force generation in response to femoral nerve mag

106 rmed by assessing their calcium homeostasis, twitch force generation, and response to beta-adrenergic

107 The maximum twitch force measurement revealed a significantly higher

108 WT muscles displayed reduced passive force, twitch force, and myofilament LDA.

109 We observed the modulation of twitch force, but not of intracellular Ca(2+), by both e

110 rroborated by muscle physiology studies with twitch force, tetanic and eccentric contraction all bein

111 bled as a functional syncytium; (2) systolic twitch forces at a similar level as observed in bona fid

112 ical stimulation, individual FDB fibers show twitch forces of 0.37 +/- 0.15 muN and tetanic forces (1

113 aracterized by marked overexpression of fast-twitch genes and postnatal development of a fatal dilate

114 oth slow-twitch oxidative myofibers and fast-twitch glycolytic myofibers that differentially impact m

115 cMyBP-C increases the force and kinetics of twitches in living cardiac muscle.

116 N is also a major source of motor output for twitching in early infancy, a period when twitching is a

117 tagonist ketanserin reduces DOI-induced head twitching in MIA offspring.

118 gated the contributions of proprioception to twitching in newborn ErbB2 conditional knockout mice tha

119 asured in the biceps muscle using a modified twitch interpolation technique to provide an index of ce

120 ntrol experiments verified that these evoked twitches involved neuromuscular transmission and faithfu

121 ensory feedback from sleep-related myoclonic twitches is thought to drive activity-dependent developm

122 or twitching in early infancy, a period when twitching is an especially abundant motor behavior.

123 Bacterial twitching is important for initial bacterial colonizatio

124 The existing research about bacteria twitching is largely experimental orientated.

125 all shear stress in which bacterial upstream twitching is most efficient.

126 al features of twitching, demonstrating that twitching is shaped by sensory experience.

127 They have rapid twitch kinetics (full width at half-maximal stress: 11 +

128 eved maximum peak stress of 6.5 mN/mm(2) and twitch kinetics approaching reported values from adult h

129 muscles showed that the increased force and twitch kinetics because increased pacing or beta1-adrene

130 ted by the observation that reafference from twitching limbs reliably and substantially triggers brai

131 The sensorimotor circuits activated by twitching limbs, and the developmental context in which

132 g fluorescent dye injected into fast or slow twitch lower extremity muscle with slice recordings from

133 s characterized by increased myoglobin, slow twitch markers [myosin heavy chain 7 (MyH7), succinate d

134 pment and is higher in slow-twitch than fast-twitch mature muscles.

135 re new ideas about the functional roles that twitching might play in the self-organization of spinal

136 In particular, twitching-mode motility employs hair-like pili to transv

137 dynamics and rule-based simulations to study twitching-mode motility of model bacilliforms and show t

138 confidence interval, 1.19-2.57) and reduced twitching motility (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence int

139 ycosylation, reduced its capacity to inhibit twitching motility (~57%), without reducing pili binding

140 Strains that display gliding or twitching motility across semisolid surfaces are powered

141 lting transgenic strains showed differential twitching motility and biofilm formation while maintaini

142 promote different characteristics, favoring twitching motility and biofilm formation, respectively.

143 a, the Pil-Chp system regulates T4P-mediated twitching motility and cAMP levels, both of which play r

144 eat-denatured DMBT1 lost capacity to inhibit twitching motility and showed reduced pili binding (~40%

145 ly system, which promotes surface-associated twitching motility and virulence, is composed of inner a

146 of fluid flow rate and surface topography on twitching motility are studied.

147 y, jerky slingshot motions characteristic of twitching motility comprise the transition region betwee

148 At present, it is not clear how twitching motility emerges from these initial minimal co

149 Outstandingly, twitching motility enables a poorly understood process b

150 mined molecular characteristics required for twitching motility inhibition.

151 Therefore, DMBT1 inhibition of P. aeruginosa twitching motility involves its N-glycosylation, its pil

152 al bacteria Myxococcus xanthus, we know that twitching motility is under the dependence of the small

153 There is a lack of models of twitching motility of bacteria in shear flows, which cou

154 ns of propulsion has much in common with the twitching motility of heterotrophs such as Pseudomonas a

155 ility and upregulate type IV pilus-dependent twitching motility of P. aeruginosa.

156 The model can successfully predict upstream twitching motility of rod-shaped bacteria in shear flows

157 osa PilE-mCherry fusion failed to complement twitching motility or piliation of a pilE mutant.

158 Twitching motility plays a critical role in redistributi

159 swarming motilities powered by flagella, and twitching motility powered by Type IV pili, little is kn

160 position 54) that does not activate fimU or twitching motility was compared to PAO1, PAO1 algRD54E,

161 d Pseudomonas aeruginosa pili, and inhibited twitching motility, a pilus-mediated movement important

162 or microcolony formation, biofilm formation, twitching motility, and attachment.

163 of diverse functions, including attachment, twitching motility, biofilm formation, and horizontal ge

164 ce structures, involved in processes such as twitching motility, biofilm formation, bacteriophage inf

165 only uses type IV pili for surface-specific twitching motility, but also as a sensor regulating surf

166 nd are important for processes as diverse as twitching motility, cellular adhesion, and colonization.

167 enally diverse array of functions, including twitching motility, DNA uptake and microcolony formation

168 These families have functions including twitching motility, effector export, rotary propulsion,

169 host cell attachment, biofilm formation, and twitching motility, making this system a promising targe

170 cterial species, for processes as diverse as twitching motility, natural competence, biofilm or micro

171 is required for the coordinate activation of twitching motility, rhamnolipid production, and swarming

172 in covalent homo- or heterodimers eliminated twitching motility, suggesting that specific PilNO confi

173 were significantly impaired in T4P-mediated twitching motility, whereas the motility of the N3 mutan

174 nerate surface motions collectively known as twitching motility.

175 use type IVa pili (T4aP) for attachment and twitching motility.

176 The bacteria move on a surface by means of twitching motility.

177 yperpiliated but defective in pilus-mediated twitching motility.

178 lagella-mediated swimming and pilus-mediated twitching motility.

179 transformation, while PilA5 is important for twitching motility.

180 rs is the type IV pili that are required for twitching motility.

181 ve toward chemoattractants using pili-based "twitching" motility and the Chp chemosensory system.

182 xtraocular muscles contain singly innervated twitch muscle fibers (SIF) and multiply innervated nontw

183 rated calcium entry (SOCE) in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats

184 "m-type" units, which innervate deeper fast-twitch muscle fibers via medial nerves.

185 ingly, axonal dieback occurs first from fast-twitch muscle fibers, whereas slow-twitch fibers remain

186 re broadly divided into slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers.

187 ted with larger cross-sectional area of fast-twitch muscle fibres and favoured strength/power vs. end

188 ne were strongly associated with larger fast-twitch muscle fibres and strength/power performance vers

189 erapeutically beneficial, especially in slow-twitch muscle fibres.

190 cient to cause a switch from a slow- to fast-twitch muscle phenotype.

191 e fast firing subtypes that innvervates fast twitch muscle was lost.

192 firing MNs are connected with fast and slow twitch muscle, respectively.

193 sistent with the high expression in the slow-twitch muscle, suggests that this variant may contribute

194 : synaptic strength was rescued only in slow-twitch muscle, while contractile strength was improved o

195 ntractile strength was improved only in fast-twitch muscle.

196 the rat) principally within glycolytic fast-twitch muscle.

197 ties and physiological function only of slow-twitch muscles and largely sparing fast-twitch muscles.

198 d decreased specific force in fast- and slow-twitch muscles and muscle fibres.

199 E and that tetanic force development in slow twitch muscles is supported by the dynamic interaction b

200 cts muscle mass over time, particularly fast-twitch muscles, which should be taken into consideration

201 te loss of myofibrillar organization in fast-twitch muscles.

202 rin) and JP45-CASQ2 on calcium entry in slow twitch muscles.

203 slow-twitch muscles and largely sparing fast-twitch muscles.

204 nal folds (P < 0.001), in particular in fast-twitch muscles.

205 l-angle X-ray diffraction measurements of WT twitching muscles during diastole revealed stretch-induc

206 ranscription of myo18b is restricted to fast-twitch myocytes in the zebrafish embryo; consistent with

207 ession of genes encoding normal cardiac slow-twitch myofiber proteins and pathologically increased ex

208 alance in gene expression for fast- and slow-twitch myofiber proteins, and rescued cardiac function i

209 d expression of genes encoding skeletal fast-twitch myofiber proteins.

210 inantly associated with loss of type 2b fast-twitch myofibers.

211 which fuses specifically to type IIb/x fast-twitch myofibers.

212 ite to the notion that sensory feedback from twitches not only activates sensorimotor circuits but mo

213 REM) sleep, infant mammals exhibit myoclonic twitches of skeletal muscles throughout the body, genera

214 whisker movements during wake and myoclonic twitches of the whiskers during active (REM) sleep.

215 had a rapid onset of progressive confusion, twitching of the face and hand, and abnormal basal gangl

216 The results also indicate that when bacteria twitch on groove surfaces, they are likely to accumulate

217 ent Method (DEM) proposed to study bacterial twitching on flat and groove surfaces under shear flow c

218 le and Law of Diffusion) in contracting fast-twitch oxidative mixed gastrocnemius muscle (MG: 9% type

219 pression and the proportion of type IIa fast-twitch oxidative muscle fibers, which was verified using

220 Skeletal muscle is composed of both slow-twitch oxidative myofibers and fast-twitch glycolytic my

221 ry, and thus V O(2) , especially within fast-twitch oxidative skeletal muscle.

222 Diaphragm fatigue was assessed via twitch P(di) (P(di,tw) ) using cervical magnetic stimula

223 DF was quantified by twitch P(di) (P(di,tw) ) via cervical magnetic stimulati

224 rozygotes exhibited developmental changes in twitch patterning that were not seen in knockouts.

225 mical results together with in vivo cAMP and twitching phenotypes of key ChpA phosphorylation site po

226 For twitching, powered by type-IV pilus retraction, we find

227 Low twitch pressure (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interv

228 t but weak correlation between MRC score and twitch pressure (rho = 0.26; P = 0.03) and TFdi (rho = 0

229 o the Ca2+ regulatory mechanism by analyzing twitch records measured in transgenic mice expressing a

230 f the ECN unmasked wake-related reafference, twitch-related reafference was unaffected.

231 Hallucinogens induce the head-twitch response (HTR), a rapid reciprocal head movement,

232 HI rats exhibited a greater head-twitch response following administration of the preferen

233 es not influence 5-HT2 receptor induced head twitch response or impulsivity in a serial reaction time

234 vioral alterations, including increased head-twitch response to the hallucinogenic 5-HT(2A) agonist D

235 Similar to LSD, efavirenz induces head-twitch responses in wild-type, but not in 5-HT(2A)-knock

236 rol, in which phase-independent summation of twitch responses produces varying amounts of force deliv

237 ee discharges that cause massive involuntary twitch, revealing the prey's location and eliciting the

238 Prior to overt symptoms, muscle twitch rise and relaxation time constants both increased

239 The sensitivity of the Twitch sensors matched that of synthetic calcium dyes an

240 ynamic range and linear response properties, Twitch sensors represent versatile tools for neuroscienc

241 These 'Twitch' sensors are based on the C-terminal domain of Op

242 The effect was only observed in fast twitch skeletal fibers and not in slow twitch fibers or

243 yosin light chain 1 between cardiac and slow-twitch skeletal muscle and establish Prox1 ablation as s

244 Slow-twitch skeletal muscle defects accompany cardiac dysfunc

245 irect transcriptional repression of the fast-twitch skeletal muscle genes troponin T3, troponin I2, a

246 clearly observed between the hearts and slow-twitch skeletal muscle, suggesting that MYL2 mutated mod

247 multaneously in heart ventricles and in slow-twitch skeletal muscle.

248 s exhibit defects specifically in their fast-twitch skeletal muscles.

249 n profile of sMyBP-C in mouse and human fast-twitch skeletal muscles.

250 tch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles derived from Sprague-Dawley

251 PMs) of R58Q mice is also manifested in slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles.

252 e in preventing the loss of function of slow-twitch soleus and diaphragm muscles.

253 ulated nNOS gene expression in atrophic slow-twitch soleus muscle from the mouse leg.

254 phorylation profile of sMyBP-C in mouse slow-twitch soleus muscle isolated from fatigued or non-fatig

255 longus muscle yet had no effect on the slow-twitch soleus muscle.

256 and in contractile force (30%) in adult slow twitch soleus muscles (SOL) with no effect on fast twitc

257 s supports tetanic force development in slow twitch soleus muscles.

258 To address this issue, we compare the twitch speeds of forelimb muscles in a group of volant p

259 A low quadriceps slow-twitch (ST), oxidative (relative to fast-twitch) fiber p

260 el, which allowed us to predict responses to twitch stimulation in physiological conditions with the

261 ing mechanism, generating an average maximum twitch stress of 660 muN/mm(2) at Lmax, approaching valu

262 rientation within the scaffold affected peak twitch stress, demonstrating its ability to guide cells

263 enhancing the force produced by posttetanic twitches, structurally explaining posttetanic potentiati

264 D With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (TWiTCH) study and suggest that it may be safe to careful

265 They are involved in bacterial motility (twitching), surface adhesion, biofilm formation and DNA

266 Simulations of twitch tension show that the presence of CIA increases p

267 ter decremental rate in SmbO2 at the maximal twitch tension.

268 half-maximal stress: 11 +/- 1 ms) and a high twitch/tetanus ratio (0.91 +/- 0.05), indicating adaptat

269 e, barrel activity was again greater after a twitch than a wake movement.

270 postnatal development and is higher in slow-twitch than fast-twitch mature muscles.

271 e spontaneous activity - in the form of limb twitches - that occurs exclusively and abundantly during

272 twitch followed immediately by an antagonist twitch-that developed postnatally in wild-types/heterozy

273 ik model" that emphasizes an accurate single-twitch time course and uses frequency-dependent modulati

274 t-exercise changes in potentiated quadriceps twitch torque (DeltaQTsingle ) evoked by electrical femo

275 V, diaphragm dysfunction was evaluated using twitch tracheal pressure in response to bilateral anteri

276 trans-diaphragmatic and esophageal pressure, twitch trans-diaphragmatic pressure (Tw Pdi), age, and m

277 in this setting is unknown; we performed the TWiTCH trial to compare hydroxyurea with standard transf

278 twitching [9-11], this finding suggests that twitches trigger the monosynaptic stretch reflex and, by

279 n of ACh release that compromised the muscle twitch triggered by the nerve stimulation.

280 pitulate movement signatures associated with twitching: Two TFP can already produce movements reminis

281 fast-twitch type 2 fibres and increased slow-twitch type 1 fibres, together with a glycolytic-to-oxid

282 nt of skeletal muscle including loss of fast-twitch type 2 fibres and increased slow-twitch type 1 fi

283 tic fast-twitch (type IIb) to oxidative slow-twitch (type I) and intermediate (type IIa) fibers, an e

284 uscle fiber-type switch from glycolytic fast-twitch (type IIb) to oxidative slow-twitch (type I) and

285 l regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in slow-twitch, type 1 skeletal muscle fibers, we studied the so

286 rotein 2 was predominantly contained in fast twitch/type II myofibers.

287 ped an automated method that can detect head twitches unambiguously, without relying on features in t

288 High-speed videography of forelimb twitches unexpectedly revealed a category of reflex-like

289 hesis that accounts for this paradox is that twitches, uniquely among self-generated movements, lack

290 position and predominantly in secondary fast-twitch units (m, ms) with increasing likelihood based on

291 romuscular junction that can be triggered to twitch upon light stimulation.

292 By electrically stimulating twitches via the microendoscope and visualizing the sarc

293 TWiTCH was a multicentre, phase 3, randomised, open-labe

294 In muscles, we found that the initiation of twitching was associated with a spreading calcium wave i

295 I "red" slow twitch and type II "white" fast twitch, which display marked differences in contraction

296 and vertical deflections of the nose, i.e., twitches, which are driven by activation of the deflecto

297 In contrast, twitches, which are self-generated movements produced du

298 Furthermore, they indicate that twitching, which is characterized by discrete motor outp

299 Frequency-dependent modulation of a single twitch works less well for the fast motoneuron.

300 undamental understanding about how bacterial twitching would be affected by bacteria associated prope