ライフサイエンスコーパス: ubiquitin chain

1 hort-lived proteins that are labeled with an ubiquitin chain.

2 in upon ubiquitin transfer to a substrate or ubiquitin chain.

3 quitin ligase (Ufd4p), resulting in branched ubiquitin chains.

4 ivated Uch37 cannot disassemble hRpn13-bound ubiquitin chains.

5 targets Ku80 that is modified by K48-linked ubiquitin chains.

6 inding activates CYLD-mediated hydrolysis of ubiquitin chains.

7 age toward the distal isopeptide bond in tri-ubiquitin chains.

8 d that AMSH1 specifically cleaves K63-linked ubiquitin chains.

9 trameric, and longer Lys48- and Lys63-linked ubiquitin chains.

10 uitin chains but does not bind Lys-48-linked ubiquitin chains.

11 enzyme that removes Lys63- or linear-linked ubiquitin chains.

12 n 21 (TRIM21) and are positive for lysine-48 ubiquitin chains.

13 ppaB activation through its interaction with ubiquitin chains.

14 ubunits-Rpn10, Rpn13, and Rpn1-can recognize ubiquitin chains.

15 cleaves ubiquitinated proteins and releases ubiquitin chains.

16 In vitro, only JosD2 can cleave ubiquitin chains.

17 dification specifically by lysine(63)-linked ubiquitin chains.

18 low affinity receptor for long lysine-linked ubiquitin chains.

19 , controls NF-kappaB signaling by binding to ubiquitin chains.

20 ge complex consisting of four RIG-I and four ubiquitin chains.

21 h cells expressing NEMO that binds to linear ubiquitin chains.

22 of chain lengths but not to K48-linked poly-ubiquitin chains.

23 nd prevents BRCC36 from binding and cleaving ubiquitin chains.

24 ng of the synthesis and function of branched ubiquitin chains.

25 the E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5, and K63-linked ubiquitin chains.

26 that are regulated by lysine 11 (K11)-linked ubiquitin chains.

27 the E3 ligase HOIP, which synthesizes linear ubiquitin chains.

28 ed to the formation of an array of polymeric ubiquitin chains.

29 preference for proteins that carry multiple ubiquitin chains.

30 monoubiquitin, it can also be modified with ubiquitin chains.

31 N-terminal alpha-amino group to build linear ubiquitin chains.

32 n types of homotypic chains as well as mixed ubiquitin chains.

33 protein degradation-associated Lys-48-linked ubiquitin-chains.

34 We show that K63-linked ubiquitin chains accumulate on tankyrase 1 in late S/G2

35 How do ubiquitin chains activate the proteasome's unfolding abi

36 , in the presence of STAM, the length of the ubiquitin chains affects the apparent cleavage rate.

37 Here, using synthetic and enzyme-derived ubiquitin chains along with intact mass spectrometry, we

38 K63-branched ubiquitin chains also regulate IL-1-inducible phosphoryl

39 ysiological functions of Lys-63 (K63)-linked ubiquitin chains, although they are the second most abun

40 tion of ubiquitin aldehyde, which mimics the ubiquitin chain and binds to 26 S-associated deubiquitin

41 tions as a high affinity receptor for linear ubiquitin chains and a low affinity receptor for long ly

42 he conformational ensembles of the above tri-ubiquitin chains and chains possessing the same linkages

43 to show how the complex binds Lys(63)-linked ubiquitin chains and cleaves at the distal end.

44 s an E3 ligase complex that generates linear ubiquitin chains and is important for tumour necrosis fa

45 in Lewy bodies is largely due to K63-linked ubiquitin chains and markedly reduced in the substantia

46 nd deubiquitination have employed unanchored ubiquitin chains and mono-ubiquitinated proteins.

47 nd substrates for modification with branched ubiquitin chains and points to an important role of thes

48 less is understood about the other types of ubiquitin chains and proteasome-independent functions.

49 ex), which catalyzes the formation of linear ubiquitin chains and regulates immune and apoptopic sign

50 atalyzed the formation of Lys63 (K63)-linked ubiquitin chains and stimulated the transcription factor

51 quitin homeostasis with accumulation of free ubiquitin chains and ubiquitinated substrates in the leo

52 ative conjugation signals (monoubiquitin and ubiquitin chains) and interactions with ubiquitin-bindin

53 onoubiquitin and Lys(48)- and Lys(63)-linked ubiquitin chains), and that wild-type and mutant RNF170

54 K48-linked ubiquitin chains are added almost exclusively to BIR2-bo

55 A variety of ubiquitin chains are attached as selective labels on pro

56 Ubiquitin chains are bound along the outer rim of the he

57 ive DNA structure, whereupon long K48-linked ubiquitin chains are conjugated to CMG-Mcm7, dependent o

58 Ubiquitin chains are conjugated to xenophagic targets an

59 d to proteasomes, proteins conjugated to K63-ubiquitin chains are directed to lysosomes.

60 53BP1, RAP80 and ubiquitin chains are enlarged following POH1 depletion b

61 with OPTN and the ability of OPTN to bind to ubiquitin chains are essential for TBK1 recruitment and

62 Ubiquitin chains are formed as structurally distinct pol

63 Linear ubiquitin chains are important regulators of cellular si

64 Thus, unanchored ubiquitin chains are key signaling molecules that connec

65 Branched ubiquitin chains are particularly challenging, as multip

66 Thus, even though ubiquitin chains are removed before unfolding and degrad

67 hains to tankyrase 1, while in G1 phase such ubiquitin chains are removed by BRISC, an ABRO1/BRCC36-c

68 Thus, even though ubiquitin chains are removed early in degradation, durin

69 1 is therefore important to ensure that poly-ubiquitin chains are removed only from committed substra

70 Finally, ubiquitin chains are trimmed by the deubiquitinating enz

71 nzyme (DUB) that hydrolyzes lysine-63-linked ubiquitin chains as part of distinct macromolecular comp

72 ch of the proteasome receptor sites binds to ubiquitin chains as well as some of the interactions tha

73 inked multi-monoubiquitination on K29-linked ubiquitin chains assembled by the ubiquitin ligase (Ufd4

74 s a common principle during linkage-specific ubiquitin chain assembly by diverse classes of ubiquitin

75 Importantly, proper ubiquitin chain assembly by PJA2 requires that Tat first

76 modulate the interaction between the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) and the deubiqu

77 Besides the identification of linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) as an important

78 1, MALT1, and the HOIP subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) but not the HOI

79 s the essential oncogenic role of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) in HL lines, wh

80 w a catalytic-independent role of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) in lymphocyte a

81 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is a multimeric

82 Linear Ubiquitin chain Assembly Complex (LUBAC) is an E3 ligase

83 linked polyubiquitin (Met1-Ub) by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is an important

84 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is essential fo

85 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is the only kno

86 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) regulates immun

87 These chains are formed by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), a multiprotein

88 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), consisting of

89 PIN (Sharpin(cpdm) mice), a member of linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), develop severe

90 RNF31, a component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), regulates cell

91 These chains are generated by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), the only known

92 ng HOIL-1 and HOIP, components of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), which has a pi

93 linear ubiquitylation mediated by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), which is compo

94 We found that the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), which was prev

95 deficient in K63 ubiquitin chains or linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC)-mediated linear

96 ng HOIL-1 and HOIP, components of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC).

97 in ligase HOIL-1L, a component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC).

98 urther reveal that cFLIPLrequires the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex and the kinase TAK1 for

99 We identify HOIL1 of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex as a novel MALT1 substr

100 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex serves as a previously

101 is the catalytic component of LUBAC (linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex), a multisubunit E3 lig

102 biquitin ligase complex called LUBAC (linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex), which catalyzes the f

103 entral catalytic factor of the LUBAC (linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex).

104 ubiquitin chains conjugated by LUBAC (linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex).

105 s showed that HOIL-1, a member of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, contributes to activat

106 The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, LUBAC, is the only kno

107 nder native conditions to date is the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, of which the catalytic

108 protein Sharpin is a component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, which regulates NF-kap

109 with HOIP and HOIL-1, constitute the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex.

110 and the HOIP catalytic subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex.

111 ns), E3 (ubiquitin-protein ligases), and E4 (ubiquitin chain assembly factors).

112 inus of the proximal Ub, which allows, after ubiquitin chain assembly, the introduction of various re

113 ons point out that two parameters accelerate ubiquitin chain assembly: the increasing number of CUE b

114 g protein), a component of the LUBAC (linear ubiquitin chain-assembly complex), regulates inflammatio

115 SHARPIN forms a linear-ubiquitin-chain-assembly complex that promotes signaling

116 Ubiquitin chains assessed using alpha-FK2 antibodies are

117 present the crystal structure of a mixed tri-ubiquitin chain at 3.1-A resolution.

118 oncentrations and for an in vitro-formulated ubiquitin chain attached to a substrate protein.

119 nstrate the facile conjugation to K48-linked ubiquitin chains, bearing up to four ubiquitins, through

120 NleE inactivates the ubiquitin chain binding activity of host proteins TAK1-b

121 nt phosphorylation on S473 and S513 promotes ubiquitin chain binding in vitro as well as TBK1 activat

122 HeLa cells requires OPTN and NDP52 and OPTN ubiquitin chain binding.

123 tif and can disassemble Rad18-dependent poly-ubiquitin chains both in vitro and in vivo.

124 As translocation proceeds, ubiquitin chains bound to substrate are drawn to the cha

125 This allows APC/C to decorate histones with ubiquitin chains branched at Lys11 and Lys48 (K11/K48-br

126 at spartin, via the UBR, binds Lys-63-linked ubiquitin chains but does not bind Lys-48-linked ubiquit

127 d that its C-terminal UBA domain can bind to ubiquitin chains but that the Dsc2 UBA domain is not ess

128 family members also bind to K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chains but with different chain length specifi

129 y targeting protein-protein interactions, or ubiquitin chains, but the details of the inhibition mech

130 quitin generated by the in vitro cleavage of ubiquitin chains by DUBs.

131 me E1 by PYR-41 or blocking the formation of ubiquitin chains by over-expressing the lysine to argini

132 ection of proteins decorated with K63-linked ubiquitin chains by sensor-based proteomics, yielding im

133 The ubiquitination of NEMO with linear ubiquitin chains by the E3-ligase LUBAC is important for

134 nt on formation of self-anchored, K63-linked ubiquitin chains by the heterodimeric E2 enzyme Ube2N/Ub

135 ent of U4 snRNP, is modified with K63-linked ubiquitin chains by the PRP19 complex and deubiquitinate

136 ignal than shorter chains, and (3) the tetra-ubiquitin chain can be degraded with the substrate.

137 It has recently been found that ubiquitin chains can be combined to produce branched con

138 Substrates with multiple short ubiquitin chains can be presented for degradation by any

139 uitin to substrates modified with K29-linked ubiquitin chains, can the substrates be escorted to the

140 nd that, although the kcat of Lys(63)-linked ubiquitin chain cleavage was comparable for di- and tri-

141 activation, ciliary GPCRs become tagged with ubiquitin chains comprising K63 linkages (UbK63) in a be

142 Ubiquitin chain conformations in isolation are often dif

143 fically hydrolyzes methionine1 (Met1)-linked ubiquitin chains conjugated by LUBAC (linear ubiquitin c

144 main of STAM and required that the substrate ubiquitin chain contain homogenous Lys(63)-linkages.

145 We investigated this idea by engineering di-ubiquitin chains containing differential proximal and di

146 Posttranslational modification with ubiquitin chains controls cell fate in all eukaryotes.

147 cificities of these proteins for K48- or K63-ubiquitin chains determine whether a ubiquitinated prote

148 BRAXAS allows establishment of the 53BP1 and ubiquitin chain-devoid core.

149 gnize substrates targeted for degradation by ubiquitin chains differing greatly in length and topolog

150 Poly-ubiquitin chains direct protein substrates to the 26S pr

151 In eukaryotes, the covalent attachment of ubiquitin chains directs substrates to the proteasome fo

152 ond UBL-binding site ( T2: ) that assists in ubiquitin chain disassembly, by binding the UBL of deubi

153 e IKK complex that occurs when NEMO binds to ubiquitin chains during pathway activation.

154 Our results indicate that ubiquitin chain editing is key to the cytosolic protein

155 he generation of K29 chains in vitro using a ubiquitin chain-editing complex consisting of the HECT E

156 r, APC engages and activates its specialized ubiquitin chain-elongating E2 UBE2S in ways that differ

157 trates without impairing the Ube2S-dependent ubiquitin chain elongation activity.

158 ng of the UEV domain to Rim8 interferes with ubiquitin chain elongation and directs Rim8 monoubiquiti

159 Ubiquitination of a subset of proteins by ubiquitin chain elongation factors (E4), represented by

160 by multiple LUBAC components, whereas linear ubiquitin chain elongation is realized by a specific int

161 allows Ube2S to bind the APC/C and catalyze ubiquitin chain elongation.

162 ding distinctive RING E3 features specifying ubiquitin chain elongation.

163 he canonical function of Poh1, which removes ubiquitin chains en bloc from proteasomal substrates pri

164 In this study, we employ Ubiquitin Chain Enrichment Middle-down Mass Spectrometry

165 ically, beta-catenin modified with lysine-11 ubiquitin chain extension efficiently activates a lympho

166 NCL ubiquitinates beta-catenin with atypical ubiquitin chain extension known to have nonproteolytic f

167 The usage of ubiquitin chains for the proper assembly and function of

168 97 substrate-Ub-GFP modified with K48-linked ubiquitin chains-for in vitro p97 activity assays.

169 ubiquitination machinery driving K63-linked ubiquitin chain formation and (2) K63 polyubiquitination

170 We now show that also Lys(63)-linked ubiquitin chain formation is required for GHR endocytosi

171 Our data also confirm that Vif could induce ubiquitin chain formation on lysine residues intersperse

172 The mechanisms of ubiquitin chain formation remain unclear and include a s

173 otential coordination between these steps in ubiquitin chain formation remains undefined.

174 stabilises RACO-1 by facilitating K63-linked ubiquitin chain formation, and enables RACO-1 dimerisati

175 t1 (CBM) complex and removes the TCR-induced ubiquitin chain from Bcl10, which facilitates the associ

176 ly of enzymes cleaves mono-ubiquitin or poly-ubiquitin chains from a target protein through different

177 ysis provides evidence that CYLD removes K48 ubiquitin chains from p53 indirectly by cleaving K63 lin

178 eferentially removes non-canonical K6-linked ubiquitin chains from parkin, a process required for the

179 Removal of ubiquitin chains from targeted substrates at the proteas

180 USP38 specifically cleaves K33-linked poly-ubiquitin chains from TBK1 at Lys670, and it allows for

181 ctivity, OTULIN-LUBAC binding or Met1-linked ubiquitin chain homeostasis.

182 Understanding the precise roles of ubiquitin chains, however, is difficult due to their com

183 e USP2 enzyme, which was found to cleave the ubiquitin chain in a similar manner to unanchored ones.

184 mplex preferentially deubiquitinating the M1 ubiquitin chain in vitro.

185 l-length NEMO binds preferentially to linear ubiquitin chains in competition with lysine-linked ubiqu

186 specifically generate histone Lys-63-linked ubiquitin chains in DSB signaling.

187 uss recent advances on these nonconventional ubiquitin chains in neural development, function, plasti

188 the relevance of non-proteasomally targeted ubiquitin chains in T cell signaling.

189 but interfacing barriers to promote loss of ubiquitin chains in the IRIF core, which is required for

190 (11)-, Lys(48)-, Lys(63)-, and Met(1)-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro, establishing UBA(Cez) as a fu

191 c-finger domain (UBZ), and binds K-63-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro.

192 AK1 to TNFR1, suggesting that the K63-linked ubiquitin chain is not capable of recruiting IKK in vivo

193 Protein modification with poly-ubiquitin chains is a crucial process involved in a myri

194 Protein modification with ubiquitin chains is an essential signaling event catalyz

195 Removal of ubiquitin chains is controlled by ABRO1/BRCC36 and occur

196 l modification of cell-cycle regulators with ubiquitin chains is essential for eukaryotic cell divisi

197 known about how the progressive assembly of ubiquitin chains is managed by the responsible enzymes.

198 Removal of ubiquitin chains is mediated by deubiquitinases (DUBs).

199 The function of linear ubiquitin chains is regulated at multiple levels: genera

200 nd non-covalent interactions with K63-linked ubiquitin chains (K63-Ubn) were shown to occur in its si

201 findings reveal a novel mechanism to control ubiquitin chain length on substrates in vivo.

202 ing in the recruitment of IKK and the linear ubiquitin chain ligase LUBAC, which is essential for IKK

203 We demonstrate that this ubiquitin chain linkage switching reaction is essential

204 qualitative method that yields insights into ubiquitin chain linkage types and architecture within ho

205 ts suggest that Ufd2p functions by switching ubiquitin chain linkages to allow the degradation of pro

206 nserved proteasome subunit Dss1 (Sem1) binds ubiquitin chains linked by K63 and K48.

207 evel, it is crucial to have facile access to ubiquitin chains linked to protein substrates.

208 proteins only when they are tagged with long ubiquitin chains (longer than about eight ubiquitins).

209 ative ubiquitin chains such as linear or K11 ubiquitin chains may also play a role in certain pathway

210 ineered to bind exclusively to Lys-63-linked ubiquitin chains mediated partial NF-kappaB activation c

211 e Keap1 was polyubiquitinated with lysine-63-ubiquitin chains, modifications known to increase their

212 This study suggests that USP14 removes the ubiquitin chain of I-kappaB, therefore inducing I-kappaB

213 Poly-ubiquitin chains of >= Ub3 stimulate TDP2 catalytic acti

214 abilizes Beclin-1 by removing the K11-linked ubiquitin chains of Beclin-1 at lysine 437.

215 bilization by recruiting USP14 to cleave the ubiquitin chains of cGAS at lysine (K) 414.

216 tin chains in competition with lysine-linked ubiquitin chains of defined length, including long Lys-6

217 Substrates can be covalently modified by ubiquitin chains of different topology.

218 Ubiquitin chains of distinct topologies control the stab

219 oreover, OTUD1 cleaves Lysine 33-linked poly-ubiquitin chains of SMAD7 Lysine 220, which exposes the

220 act with Lys-11-, Lys-48-, and Lys-63-linked ubiquitin chains of varying length in cells.

221 The length of the ubiquitin chain on a substrate dictates various function

222 strongly suggest that removal of K63-linked ubiquitin chains on alpha-synuclein by Usp8 is a critica

223 Ls activate the RBR enzyme ARIH1 to initiate ubiquitin chains on CRL substrates, thereby marking an u

224 ause its recruitment signal, K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chains on histones, is actively destroyed by t

225 with the E2 enzyme UbcH5b in order to ligate ubiquitin chains on its substrates.

226 through noncovalent interactions between the ubiquitin chains on Mdm2 and the ubiquitin binding domai

227 anied by an increase in the abundance of K11 ubiquitin chains on mitochondria and by ubiquitylation o

228 adaptor phosphorylation with the assembly of ubiquitin chains on mitochondria to facilitate efficient

229 We report that assembly of ubiquitin chains on mitochondria triggers autophagy adap

230 te the ubiquitin ligase parkin, which builds ubiquitin chains on mitochondrial outer membrane protein

231 2L3 catalyzes the conjugation of heterotypic ubiquitin chains on p27(Kip1) that are proteolytically i

232 eflect the assembly of structurally distinct ubiquitin chains on target proteins.

233 In contrast, JosD1 cleaves ubiquitin chains only after it is monoubiquitinated, a f

234 rged with the essential task of synthesizing ubiquitin chains onto protein substrates.

235 d substrates directly by engaging conjugated ubiquitin chains or indirectly by binding to shuttle fac

236 ese structures, using cells deficient in K63 ubiquitin chains or linear ubiquitin chain assembly comp

237 ytic ubiquitin signaling mediated by Lys(63) ubiquitin chains plays a critical role in multiple pathw

238 be activated by such proteins even without a ubiquitin chain present.

239 Mechanistically, linear ubiquitin chains preserve the architecture of the TNFR1

240 We present evidence that free ubiquitin chains produced by Poh1 bind and activate the

241 resses 26S proteasome remodeling, unanchored ubiquitin chain production, and aggresome clearance.

242 Hence, conformational equilibria in ubiquitin chains provide an additional layer of regulati

243 Short ubiquitin chains recruit NEIL3 through direct binding, w

244 Methionine-1 (M1)-linked ubiquitin chains regulate the activity of NF-kappaB, imm

245 he depolymerization kinetics of Lys48-linked ubiquitin chains relative to Lys63-linked chains.

246 d with the ATPase motor to prevent premature ubiquitin chain removal and substrate escape.

247 ubiquitinases (enDUBs) that enable selective ubiquitin chain removal from target proteins to rescue t

248 of the proteasome can be regulated by rapid ubiquitin chain removal, which resolves substrates based

249 Ubiquitin chains represent a biologically important mult

250 Ubiquitin chains represent another example of nature's a

251 Specifically, PARKIN-synthesized ubiquitin chains represent targets for the PINK1 kinase

252 the dynamic appendage of different types of ubiquitin chains represents a versatile, three-dimension

253 reviously, we demonstrated that a K48-linked ubiquitin chain represses the transcription factor Met4.

254 , we have now examined the properties of the ubiquitin chain required for damage bypass in budding ye

255 loy a single E2 enzyme, Cdc34, to build poly-ubiquitin chains required for degradation.

256 microinjection of free lysine (K) 63-linked ubiquitin chains restores aggresome degradation.

257 Ubiquitin chain-restriction analysis provides evidence t

258 and they explain the determinants of linear ubiquitin chain specificity by LUBAC.

259 cent research suggests that some alternative ubiquitin chains such as linear or K11 ubiquitin chains

260 host-derived glycans and K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains, suffices to restrict bacterial prolife

261 K63 ubiquitin, a type of ubiquitin chain that functions independently of the prot

262 Proteins to be degraded are conjugated to ubiquitin chains that act as recognition signals for the

263 degradation by the 26 S proteasome using the ubiquitin chains that mark most substrates for degradati

264 partners, in addition to removing K63-linked ubiquitin chains that serve as a docking platform for do

265 ubiquitin ligases responsible for catalysing ubiquitin chains that surround intracellular bacteria ar

266 ranched at Lys11 and Lys48 (K11/K48-branched ubiquitin chains) that recruit p97 (also known as VCP) a

267 ant interacted with Vif and were modified by ubiquitin chains, the latter remained more resistant to

268 gulates I-kappaB degradation by removing its ubiquitin chain, thus promoting the deubiquitinated I-ka

269 new chemical approaches to covalently attach ubiquitin chains to a protein substrate through its Cys

270 USP11 can deubiquitinate hybrid SUMO-ubiquitin chains to counteract RNF4.

271 ulatively involved both direct attachment of ubiquitin chains to DMalpha and a functional tyrosine-ba

272 also test hRpn10 versatility for the various ubiquitin chains to find less specificity for any partic

273 existing conformations, but may also remodel ubiquitin chains to hydrolyse the isopeptide bond.

274 ike TNF, IL-1 requires K63-linked and linear ubiquitin chains to recruit NEMO into higher-order compl

275 ponsive E3 ligase RNF8 conjugates K63-linked ubiquitin chains to tankyrase 1, while in G1 phase such

276 ligase-1 (HOIL-1L) and conjugate K48-linked ubiquitin chains to the catalytic RING-between-RING doma

277 gates and damaged organelles are tagged with ubiquitin chains to trigger selective autophagy.

278 DUBs present specificity toward different ubiquitin chain topologies and are crucial for recycling

279 has emerged with identification of different ubiquitin chain topologies.

280 es a cellular recognition mechanism for this ubiquitin chain type.

281 resolution when studying the many different ubiquitin chain types found in eukaryotic cells has been

282 Several ubiquitin chain types have remained unstudied, mainly be

283 the connectivity between subunits, different ubiquitin chain types trigger distinct outputs, as seen

284 role as regulatory domain by binding various ubiquitin chain types.

285 own enzyme complex capable of forming linear ubiquitin chains under native conditions to date is the

286 However, upon binding a ubiquitin chain, Usp14 enhances proteasomal degradation

287 Ubiquitin chains versus monomeric ubiquitin were superio

288 by producing unanchored lysine (K)63-linked ubiquitin chains via the proteasomal deubiquitinating en

289 PC is modified predominantly with K63-linked ubiquitin chains when it is bound to Axin in unstimulate

290 APC is conjugated with Lys-63-linked ubiquitin chains when it is bound to Axin, but it is unc

291 ms2, thereby stimulating formation of Lys-63 ubiquitin chains, whereas the related RNF168 RING domain

292 njugating enzyme to a substrate or a growing ubiquitin chain, which is mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligas

293 geted to the proteasome by the attachment of ubiquitin chains, which are markedly varied in structure

294 SHARPIN conjugated with Lys63 (K63)-linked ubiquitin chains, which led to inhibition of the associa

295 within the IRIF core enables degradation of ubiquitin chains, which promotes loss of 53BP1.

296 How RING-E3s can build polymeric ubiquitin chains while binding substrates and E2s at def

297 ion depends on the interaction of K29-linked ubiquitin chains with two N-terminal loops of Ufd2p.

298 ave implications on the ease of synthesis of ubiquitin chains with varying lengths and types for stru

299 domain binds efficiently to K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chains within a narrow range of chain lengths

300 s also suggested roles for mixed or branched ubiquitin chains, yet without a method to monitor endoge