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1 and nucleic acid that forms as duplexes are unwound.
2 as the double helix melts, and before it is unwound.
3 hile hydrolyzing approximately 5 ATPs per bp unwound.
4 telomeric duplexes that are otherwise poorly unwound.
5 probe-plasmid interactions once the site is unwound.
6 h initiation factors to locate promoter DNA, unwind 12-14 base pairs of the DNA duplex and load the t
8 ing, whereby the AdnA nuclease processes the unwound 5' strand to liberate a short oligonucleotide pr
9 wild-type T antigen was able to specifically unwind a 31-bp DNA containing only site II in an ATPase-
11 d sequence bias allows NPH-II to efficiently unwind a DNA x RNA hybrid containing a purine-rich DNA t
13 f anti-CS20 antibodies the force required to unwind a single fimbria was increased several-fold and t
14 ver, replication defective mutants failed to unwind a small origin containing circular DNA whereas re
17 y base pairs it has unwound, and once it has unwound a critical length, it reverses the unwinding rea
19 However, Pif1 working with pol delta readily unwound a full-length Okazaki fragment initiated by a fo
21 isoforms and similar cleavage efficiency of unwound alpha1(I) and alpha2(I) chains suggested increas
22 icases, such as BLM and WRN, can efficiently unwind alternate/secondary structures during telomere re
23 along DNA at up to 250 bp per second and can unwind an average of 14,000 bp, with some complexes capa
24 is in which short 'invader' oligonucleotides unwind an RNA duplex through a toehold/branch migration
26 which increases the propensity of origins to unwind and adopt non-B DNA structure, rather than the ab
27 case and nuclease domains of Cas3 proceed to unwind and degrade the entire DNA target in a unidirecti
29 on of a single ATP molecule is sufficient to unwind and displace an 8 base pair rRNA strand annealed
30 ic forces are applied via electrospinning to unwind and orient the molecular chains of a non-graphiti
31 amines the ability of WRN, BLM, and RecQ5 to unwind and POT1 to bind telomeric D-loops containing 8-o
34 richia coli RNAP uses binding free energy to unwind and separate 13 base pairs of lambdaP(R) promoter
36 hyrin bound, the pi helix is not extended or unwound and is in the "substrate-bound" conformation.
39 e further showed that blunt dsRNA is locally unwound and threaded through the helicase domain in an a
41 For initial nicking of the DNA, a locally unwound and unpaired DNA duplex forms a zipper via alter
42 BLM can 'measure' how many base pairs it has unwound, and once it has unwound a critical length, it r
43 stalled forks are actively dechromatinized, unwound, and repressed by an ATR-dependent checkpoint pa
45 rce spectroscopy, we found that CS2 fimbriae unwind at a constant force of 10 pN and have a corner ve
46 nctional forms of RecQ can be assembled that unwind at rates tailored to the diverse biological funct
48 uitment and suggests that downstream mRNA is unwound at least in part by being "pulled" through the 4
50 e triple helical structure has to be locally unwound before hydrolysis, but this process is not well
52 charomyces pombe showed that it can bind and unwind both DNA and RNA, but the S. pombe protein is not
53 rminated with 3'-ssDNA; however, such DNA is unwound by RecQ to create ssDNA for RecJ exonuclease.
54 s were functional RNAs (ribozymes) that were unwound by the helicase, and the first synthesised prote
55 an half of the mitochondrial genome could be unwound by Twinkle during a single DNA-binding event.
60 a, including structures of apo-D1D2 and post-unwound D1D2:single-stranded RNA complex, and the struct
63 s in all cell types are hexameric rings that unwind DNA by steric exclusion in which the helicase enc
66 singly, we find that RecBCD can processively unwind DNA for at least 80bp beyond the reverse polarity
67 ighly conserved helicase-nuclease complex to unwind DNA from a broken end and cut it at specific DNA
69 and remodel abandoned DNA replication forks, unwind DNA in the 3'-to-5' direction, and facilitate the
70 rk, we have examined the ability of FANCJ to unwind DNA molecules with specific base damage that can
71 recombination enzymes can cleave, pair, and unwind DNA molecules, and collaborate with regulatory pr
72 ine abolishes the ability of the helicase to unwind DNA or allow T7 polymerase to mediate strand-disp
73 hydrolysis to produce the force required to unwind DNA or destabilize protein bound to DNA is requir
76 UvrD303 mutation may enable the helicase to unwind DNA via a "strand displacement" mechanism, which
77 ntenance (SsoMCM) helicase has been shown to unwind DNA via a SEW mode to enhance unwinding efficienc
78 nt (kcat), consequently the combined enzymes unwind DNA with kinetic parameters resembling enzymes tr
80 on of CHK1i re-activates the DNA helicase to unwind DNA, but in the absence of dNTPs, this leads to e
81 d of the eukaryotic replication machinery to unwind DNA, in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis.
82 igins, load the replicative helicase on DNA, unwind DNA, synthesize new DNA strands, and reassemble c
90 sDNA overhangs; helicases such as BLM, which unwind DNA; and other proteins such as BRCA1 and CtIP wh
92 g H. pylori addA(NUC)B or addAB(NUC) mutants unwound DNA but had approximately half of the exonucleas
94 , MTERF1 binds a significantly distorted and unwound DNA structure, exhibiting a protein conformation
98 s been observed to use dTTP, but not ATP, to unwind double-stranded (ds)DNA as it translocates from 5
101 UvrD couples ATP binding and hydrolysis to unwind double-stranded DNA and translocate along ssDNA w
102 iae and Pfh1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe, unwind double-stranded DNA by a branched mechanism with
103 wer concentrations of Aq793 were required to unwind double-stranded DNA that had a 3'-poly(dT) overha
104 ases utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to unwind double-stranded DNA while translocating on the DN
113 ules are bound to each fork of the partially unwound dsDNA, and interact with the 5' arm and 3' ss/ds
114 EAD-box protein that utilizes ATP to locally unwind dsRNA, to investigate helicase specificity and me
116 plicative hexameric helicases are thought to unwind duplex DNA by steric exclusion (SE) where one DNA
117 DNA helicase preferentially utilizes dTTP to unwind duplex DNA in vitro but also hydrolyzes other nuc
119 picomolar concentrations and can efficiently unwind duplex DNA molecules as long as 23,000 base pairs
122 istic DNA-dependent NTPase activity, and can unwind duplex DNA substrates independently of the N-term
123 ong a DNA strand in a 3' to 5' direction and unwind duplex DNA utilizing a DNA-dependent ATPase activ
124 g, allowing it to refold, or going beyond to unwind duplex DNA, Pif1 repeatedly unwinds G4 DNA, keepi
137 on with PCNA allows the helicase activity to unwind fork-blocking CAG/CTG hairpin structures to preve
138 many genetic observations, the detection of unwound fork structures in vivo and the identification o
139 y, we show that HEL308 appears to target and unwind from the junction between single-stranded to doub
140 equilibria, in which filaments progressively unwind from their native twist with increasing surface i
142 c stability are thus shown to be more easily unwound from one side than the other, in a quantifiable
143 the budding yeast Pif1 known to efficiently unwind G-quadruplex rescues all the telomeric defects of
145 CJ helicase is among those helicases able to unwind G4 DNA in vitro, and FANCJ mutations are associat
147 36 uses a local, non-processive mechanism to unwind G4 substrates, reminiscent of that of eukaryotic
149 o both the mitochondria and nucleus that can unwind G4s in vitro and prevent fork stalling at G4 form
151 mutants, harboring substitutions within the unwound GMG loop and substrate binding pocket that mimic
152 lizes exclusively adenosine triphosphates to unwind helices, oligomerizes to function as efficient RN
153 viously shown to bind to hormone as a partly unwound helix, forms a complete alpha-helix that displac
154 s, MutS and MutL, may utilize its ability to unwind Holliday junctions directly in the prevention of
165 amp opening allows DNA to be loaded into and unwound in the RNAP active-center cleft, that DNA loadin
166 mulated with a mechanism in which the DNA is unwound in two kinetic steps with rate constant of k(unw
168 positions a nucleosome, evidently partially unwound, in a structure that facilitates Gal4 binding to
170 nitiation factor eIF4B, which is critical to unwind its structured 5' untranslated region (5'UTR).
171 s manner while the second copies the already unwound lagging-strand template in a discontinuous manne
173 to the central channel of the N-tier and the unwound leading single-strand DNA traverses the channel
177 by Prp8, wild type Delta247-Brr2 is able to unwind long stable duplexes in vitro, and even the RP mu
178 ding protein POT1 stimulates WRN helicase to unwind longer telomeric duplexes that are otherwise poor
180 age N4 gp2 protein, Drc likely binds locally unwound middle promoters and recruits the phage RNA poly
181 orce studied, nucleosomes containing H4-R45H unwind more rapidly and rewind more slowly than nucleoso
183 hydrolysis-coupled conformational changes to unwind mRNA secondary structures during translation init
184 the activity of translocation factor EF-G to unwind mRNA secondary structures using high-resolution o
185 ases, uses two distinct active mechanisms to unwind mRNA structure: it destabilizes the helical junct
186 o form a block to SMARCAL1 or by reannealing unwound nascent strands to their parental template.
187 helicases are dependent on their ability to unwind nucleic acid duplexes in an ATP-dependent fashion
191 the existence of two distinct states of the unwound nucleosome, which are accessible at physiologica
193 x small interfering RNAs, but were unable to unwind or eject the passenger strand and form functional
194 imulated ATPases that translocate on RNA and unwind or remodel structured RNA in an ATP-dependent fas
198 ities but with a severely reduced ability to unwind origin DNA and to support SV40 DNA replication in
200 ppears to be dictated by the geometry of the unwound part of the transmembrane (TM) helix 3, mostly a
202 s release to the cytoplasm provided that the unwound part of TM3 switches from a shielding to a yield
203 how that PcrA, in combination with RepD, can unwind plasmid lengths of DNA in a single run, and that
206 ites attention to the functional role of the unwound portion of TM helices (TM6 Trp-202-Glu-208 in Ad
207 athway between the sodium-binding sites, the unwound portion of transmembrane helix 1 and the substra
209 branch migration by RecA, where a completely unwound product consisting of the paired nascent leading
210 d SSB; however, RuvAB generates a completely unwound product consisting of the paired nascent leading
213 ep, preventing the transition of a partially unwound promoter DNA intermediate to the fully opened DN
214 ated helicases in cancer cells are unable to unwind quadruplexes, which are impediments to transcript
215 he ability of BC200 to act as an acceptor of unwound quadruplexes via a cytosine-rich region near the
219 xibility of a Gly-Met-Gly (GMG) motif in the unwound region of transmembrane segment 6 (TM6) is centr
221 in a substantial reduction in the ability to unwind replication fork and Holliday junction structures
222 imulate group I and group II intron splicing unwind RNA duplexes by local strand separation and have
223 Viral RNA helicases of the NS3/NPH-II group unwind RNA duplexes by processive, directional transloca
227 s a DEAD-box RNA-dependent ATPase thought to unwind RNA secondary structure in the 5'-untranslated re
229 of a very short 5' UTR, eIF4A is required to unwind RNA structure in the sapovirus genome to facilita
230 onetheless, polyadenylation enables TRAMP to unwind RNA substrates that it otherwise cannot separate.
232 two mechanisms by which RNA helicase enzymes unwind RNA: The nonprocessive DEAD group catalyzes local
233 RNA, thereby facilitating the release of the unwound rRNA mother strand and the recycling of DbpA for
234 ch syndrome, activities must also exist that unwind secondary structures to facilitate replication fi
235 omain (TM6a) that is separated by a central, unwound section from a cytoplasmically localized domain
236 evealed that closed-ring conformers bind and unwind several hundred base pairs of duplex DNA at an av
237 D-box proteins have been shown to use ATP to unwind short RNA helices, it is not known how they disru
238 AdnAB helicase under conditions in which the unwound single strands are coated by SSB and thereby pre
239 ing a synthetic sequence that mimics freshly unwound single-stranded DNA at replication fork showed t
241 ems primarily target transcripts, instead of unwound ssDNA in TECs, for immunity against double-stran
242 to defined DNA substrates and stabilizes the unwound ssDNA product, resulting in a ~5-fold stimulatio
243 nwinding and/or by POT1 loading on partially unwound ssDNA strands to prevent strand re-annealing.
244 vironment in the absence of the receptor, is unwound starting at T(32) to provide optimal contacts in
245 in complex with a 23-base pair dsRNA at pre-unwound state, revealing that two DDXs recognize a 2-tur
246 eported strain in the catalytically relevant unwound state, suggesting that this state is distinct fr
248 r results demonstrate not only that multiple unwound states exist but that their accessibility can be
252 e, a serine and a main-chain carbonyl in the unwound stretch of trans-membrane helix 5 at the deepest
256 on, we tested the ability of the helicase to unwind substrates with site-specific oxidative DNA lesio
258 demonstrate that WRN and BLM preferentially unwind telomeric D-loops containing 8-oxodG and that POT
260 ipolar torque activity may either tighten or unwind the cholesteric helix and if tuned, can power rot
261 a "skip residue," which is likely to locally unwind the coiled-coil and perhaps contributes to the bi
264 aryotes, these factors include a helicase to unwind the DNA ahead of the replication fork, a single-s
269 t the predominant role of UvrD in vivo is to unwind the excised 13-mer from dsDNA and that mutation o
273 imately 13 pN of force, barely sufficient to unwind the most stable structures in mRNAs, thus providi
274 ting was not the major reason they failed to unwind the origin because supplying an EP region as a mi
278 chromosome replication requires DnaA-ATP to unwind the replication origin, oriC, and load DNA helica
280 d strand displacement [TMSD] ability, helped unwind the secondary structures of the RNA molecule and
282 Brr2 is an RNA-dependent ATPase required to unwind the U4/U6 snRNA duplex during spliceosome assembl
283 ading sequence in U4 snRNA, enabling Brr2 to unwind the U4/U6 snRNA duplex to allow U6 snRNA to form
284 anded DNA-binding protein, FANCJ efficiently unwound the DNA substrate harboring the thymine glycol d
285 ated that if the terminator DNA is partially unwound, the resulting melted DNA could bind tightly to
286 HrP helix is gently curved and C-terminally "unwound." The receptor accommodates the altered binding
289 -tail and the length of the duplex DNA to be unwound, this activity is sufficiently strong to mask th
290 ty converts it into a superhelicase that can unwind thousands of base pairs processively, even agains
293 e-stranded genome require protein modules to unwind, transcribe/replicate nucleic acid substrates, an
294 to prevent spurious recombination events and unwind trinucleotide sequences that are prone to hairpin
298 s frequent mode, longer stretches of DNA are unwound via a path that is separate from the one leading
299 gical substrate that a monomer of FacXPD can unwind with a processivity sufficient for expansion of t