ライフサイエンスコーパス: upper layer

1 , whereas cancer cells were suspended in the upper layer.

2 vity, which increased the temperature of the upper layer.

3 ooms in the nutrient-poor environment of the upper layer.

4 l days within the apparently density uniform upper layer.

5 sting of a stiff lower layer and a compliant upper layer.

6 molecules, were attached essentially in the upper layer.

7 ween CPN of the deep layers and those of the upper layers.

8 as E16.5 cultures contain cells destined for upper layers.

9 forward and feedback pathways terminating in upper layers.

10 eir normal fates and migrated instead to the upper layers.

11 patch, or a short string of patches, in the upper layers.

12 rmally produce neurons destined only for the upper layers.

13 and are instead restricted to producing the upper layers.

14 eratin 10 and filaggrin predominantly in the upper layers.

15 nsferred to non-diazotrophic plankton in the upper layers.

16 associations that differed from those in the upper layers.

17 e lower epithelial layers and nuclear in the upper layers.

18 amygdalar inputs predominantly localized in upper layers.

19 ctuating, light-dependent communities in the upper layer ( 0.987-0.990 water-activity), a stable but

20 These bundles of dendrites dispersed in upper layer 2 to form apical dendritic tufts in layer 1.

21 t neocortical areas and genetic backgrounds, upper Layer 2/3 ChCs belong to a single electrophysiolog

22 ved in the transfer of thalamic input to the upper layer 2/3, but can also exert a direct top-down co

23 chromatic signatures that appear columnar in upper layer 2/3.

24 neuron types were mainly located in layer 2/upper layer 3, and their dendritic processes were common

25 frequent were: bipolar/bitufted CR+ cells in upper layer 3; multipolar PV+ neurones in layers 3 and 5

26 These Granger-causally originated in upper layer 4 and lower supragranular layers.

27 We find that neurons with dendrites in upper layer 4Calpha project axons to layer 4B and CO blo

28 certain sublayers: corticospinal neurons in upper layer 5B and corticostriatal neurons in lower 5A.

29 ic, restricted to corticostriatal neurons in upper layer 5B and not neighboring corticopontine neuron

30 In the upper layers, a mature pattern of CO patches (also known

31 TrkB protein expression was detected in the upper layers after 14 days in AC.

32 of two distinguishable layers: a bell-shaped upper layer and a straight lower layer.

33 Soil moisture was computed in a thin upper layer and an underlying deeper layer, and the exch

34 separate layers (detergent-poor phase at the upper layer and detergent-rich phase at the lower layer)

35 d in all layers, non-accommodating mostly in upper layers and bursting mostly in layer V.

36 hanges in firing rates most important in the upper layers and changes in noise correlations most impo

37 osin-10 function as cells migrate toward the upper layers and establish new adhesive contacts.

38 ovskite precursor solvent, which removes all upper layers and nearly half of the first-layer molecule

39 ith Bak immunointensity being highest in the upper layers and relatively low in the basal portions of

40 es of marine bivalves and polychaetes in the upper layers and sea anemones at the base.

41 its metabolic potential across the pigmented upper layers and the sediment-enriched deeper layers in

42 Phosphate (Pi) accumulates in the upper layers and thus short and branched root systems pr

43 eedforward and feedback pathways mediated by upper-layer and lower-layer input neurons.

44 monkeys most gray matter neurons are in the upper layers, and 2) are heterogeneous in terms of their

45 cells were mainly distributed vertically to upper layers, and those of FS cells were primarily confi

46 y appear in dendrites and somata recorded in upper layers approximately 5 msec later.

47 If upper layers are cooler than lower layers, molecular gas

48 e to the spread of augmenting responses into upper layers by way of back-propagating fast spikes, whi

49 In the upper layers, "Candidatus Nitrosopumilus maritimus" and

50 To understand their connectivity, we labeled upper layers chandelier cells (ChCs) from mouse neocorte

51 classic model of the primary visual cortex, upper-layer complex cells are driven by feedforward inpu

52 The upper layer contains less than 25 weight % water-equival

53 fewer neurons and decreased thickness in the upper-layer cortex.

54 ns derived from these progenitors, including upper layer cortical neurons and the CA1-CA3 regions of

55 Furthermore, the number of upper layer cortical neurons was decreased in the offspr

56 rogenitors responsible for the production of upper layer cortical neurons.

57 is indispensable for determining the fate of upper layer cortical neurons.

58 ycle duration and leads to the generation of upper layer cortical neurons.

59 e findings suggest that molecular changes in upper-layer cortical circuits are linked to behavioral m

60 ifically during the developmental window for upper-layer cortical neurogenesis.

61 AHP is critical for driving the expansion of upper-layer cortical neurons and for regulating neuronal

62 rtical progenitor pool, such that late-born, upper-layer cortical neurons are underproduced, creating

63 reover, cNESCs differentiate into lower- and upper-layer cortical neurons in vitro and in vivo.

64 corticogenesis leads to ectopic placement of upper-layer cortical neurons that does not require alter

65 and a significant increase in the number of upper-layer cortical neurons, as well as abnormal dendri

66 is essential for determining the position of upper-layer cortical neurons.

67 , and abnormal maturation and maintenance of upper-layer cortical neurons.

68 These findings suggest that upper-layer cortical pyramidal neurons contribute to com

69 d for neuritogenesis and proper migration of upper layer CPNs.

70 Upper layer current speed that peaked approximately ever

71 The thickness of the upper layer decreases with decreasing distance to the po

72 field potentials and unit firing from middle/upper layers during spindles from 10 x 10 microelectrode

73 SS) underlayer and a nanostructure-decorated upper layer engineered from the monomers EDOT-COOH and E

74 re diffuse, much less topographic, innervate upper layers, especially Layer 1, and serve a more globa

75 We found that synaptic signaling of upper-layer excitatory neurons and the molecular state o

76 Synaptic signalling of upper-layer excitatory neurons-which are evolutionarily

77 droxylated and nonhydroxylated semiconductor upper layer exhibited higher sensitivity.

78 e transcriptomic changes, the most marked in upper-layer GABAergic neurons, including down-regulation

79 preferentially regulates the development of upper-layer glutamatergic cell types through the regulat

80 ctuating, light-dependent communities in the upper layer (>=0.987-0.990 water-activity), a stable but

81 Atlantic-Indian sector, leading to stronger upper-layer heat convergence.

82 shafts of presumed inhibitory neurons in the upper layers (I-IIIa) of dorsolateral areas 10, 46, and

83 distinct abnormalities in the generation of upper layer II-IV neurons in the neocortex.

84 gly specific to the pyramidal neurons of the upper layers (II-IV) of the murine cortex, suggesting th

85 for genes preferentially expressed in human upper layers (II/III), but enriched only in lower layers

86 Pathway terminals in the upper layers impinge on the apical dendrites of neurons

87 ic lower, an acidic middle, and a pH-neutral upper layer in the stratum corneum, with tight junctions

88 However, variable values in the upper layers indicate higher mixing rates due to current

89 specification of glutamatergic cell types in upper layers (L) (L2/3/4), while deeper-layer glutamater

90 Barrel cortex axons preferentially targeted upper layer (L2/3, L5A) neurons in motor cortex; input t

91 nuclear group), targeted neurons only in the upper layers (L2/3 and L5A), similar to inputs from soma

92 S1) inputs primarily targeted PV+ neurons in upper layers (L2/3) but SOM+ neurons in middle layers (L

93 Cux2 showed enriched expression in the upper layers (layers 2-4) and the claustrum/endopiriform

94 iginating from OFC terminate more densely in upper layers (layers I-III) than in deep layers in the p

95 We quantified upper-layer (layers II-IV) and lower-layer (layers V-VI)

96 Gsk3-deleted neurons expressing upper layer markers exhibited striking migration failure

97 sion of Tbr1 (a deep layer VI marker) during upper-layer neurogenesis, a loss of Fezf2(+)/Ctip2(+) la

98 p-layer neurogenesis while reducing Satb2(+) upper-layer neurogenesis.

99 l in which IPCs contribute to both lower and upper layer neuron generation.

100 adial unit composition, leading to increased upper-layer neuron generation and aberrant cortical conn

101 ograms of cortical neurogenesis and regulate upper-layer neuron migration.

102 Mllt11 in promoting the formation of mature upper-layer neuron morphologies and connectivity in the

103 on of BP proliferation followed by increased upper-layer neuron production.

104 spatial transcriptomics further corroborated upper-layer neuron vulnerability in schizophrenia.

105 to the stages when, normally, only late-born upper layer neurons are generated, as well as a delayed

106 Upper layer neurons are produced from progenitors in the

107 Calbindin or calretinin positive upper layer neurons as well as the deep layer neurons of

108 abels the nucleus of most of the postmitotic upper layer neurons but does not label parvoalbumin-posi

109 erneurons) and distinct cellular etiologies (upper layer neurons for BD, and deeper layer projection

110 as neuronal subtypes including both deep and upper layer neurons in its ASD background, but not when

111 related with depletion of the populations of upper layer neurons in the cortex.

112 tly, Pin1-null mice have significantly fewer upper layer neurons in the motor cortex and severely imp

113 mature miR-128 expression in progenitors for upper layer neurons leads to impaired neuronal migration

114 n gene expression between control and mutant upper layer neurons, leading to distinct clustering.

115 or in the SVZ dedicated to the generation of upper layer neurons, marked specifically by Cux-2.

116 r Bcl11a regulates polarity and migration of upper layer neurons.

117 ell polarity switch and for the migration of upper layer neurons.

118 enance of RGCs to regulate the generation of upper layer neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The existence

119 Upper-layer neurons (i.e., layers II-IV) account for mos

120 Upper-layer neurons (i.e., layers II-IV) project within

121 e delay, these progenitors generate callosal upper-layer neurons and glia.

122 r neurons are being generated and lower when upper-layer neurons are being generated.

123 electroporation at Embryonic Day 14.5, when upper-layer neurons are generated, arrested cell migrati

124 , a late stage of cortical neurogenesis when upper-layer neurons are produced.

125 hat primates possess disproportionately more upper-layer neurons as well as an expansion of anterior-

126 citation from a preamplifier-like network of upper-layer neurons drives output neurons in lower layer

127 In adolescent-adult postmortem brains, upper-layer neurons exhibit heightened transcriptional b

128 The appropriate generation of upper-layer neurons is necessary to create the circuits

129 nit sculpting and the expanded generation of upper-layer neurons necessary for higher-order brain fun

130 massive decrease in the number of deep- and upper-layer neurons per field, and found a marked reduct

131 utable a decrease in the number of deep- and upper-layer neurons per field, and found a marked reduct

132 with profound microcephaly due to a loss of upper-layer neurons that correlates with massive apoptos

133 np orchestrates the production of late-born, upper-layer neurons through a two-step process.

134 is intrinsically specified to generate only upper-layer neurons, independently of niche and birthdat

135 development, and thus reduced the number of upper-layer neurons, which were derived from late-stage

136 gnaling increased the relative production of upper-layer neurons.

137 genitors are lineally committed to producing upper-layer neurons.

138 organization and the resultant generation of upper-layer neurons.

139 affects progenitor balance and generation of upper-layer neurons.

140 termediate progenitors, and leads to reduced upper-layer neurons.

141 g the number of basal radial glial cells and upper-layer neurons.

142 ion of gliogenic cues in newborn neocortical upper-layer neurons.

143 in the early neocortex, which generates only upper-layer neurons.

144 which lower-layer neurons are formed before upper-layer neurons.

145 The structure of the upper layer of a comet is a product of its surface activ

146 sting of a basal layer of yeast cells and an upper layer of filamentous cells, together with an extra

147 characterization of ceramide species in the upper layer of human skin is described.

148 The ionized upper layer of Saturn's atmosphere, its ionosphere, prov

149 the presence of two distinct cell types, an upper layer of teardrop-shaped cells that rely on Tmc2a,

150 ive mixing and causing stratification of the upper layer of the Arabian Sea at a much faster rate tha

151 avy elements sink towards the centre and the upper layer of the atmosphere contains only the lightest

152 nd its ability to readily migrate within the upper layer of the Earth's crust make it particularly ha

153 genome, and releases virion particles as the upper layer of the epithelium is shed.

154 ens which were revealed to be located in the upper layer of the mixed-species biofilms.

155 This is capped by an upper layer of the pH responsive polymer poly(methyl met

156 In the upper layers of areas 28 and 35 the ACC pathway was asso

157 ature of the macrofaunal assemblage from the upper layers of Complex 2.

158 pid plasticity of binocular responses in the upper layers of cortex is mirrored by similarly rapid an

159 sitive dyes to measure depolarization of the upper layers of cortex.

160 E1^E4) protein is expressed in the middle to upper layers of infected epithelium and has several role

161 rs (aIPs) contribute to diversity within the upper layers of mouse cortex.

162 the amygdala terminated most densely in the upper layers of pOFC through large terminals.

163 s of calbindin and calretinin neurons in the upper layers of pOFC, which are synaptically suited to s

164 ange between the main radiation belt and the upper layers of Saturn's exosphere.

165 as a source of retinol for keratinocytes in upper layers of skin.

166 ven the thalamic input to the patches in the upper layers of striate cortex is segregated by eye in n

167 more foliar N per ground surface area in the upper layers of the canopy (i.e. under higher KN-G) and

168 ht into brain disorders that exhibit thinner upper layers of the cerebral cortex without neuronal los

169 The upper layers of the cone-shaped structures have a higher

170 ction neurons, which are concentrated in the upper layers of the cortex, and subcortical projection n

171 diation is absorbed within the epidermis and upper layers of the dermis, UV irradiation can suppress

172 the three velocity components of gas in the upper layers of the disk of the young star HD 163296, as

173 th the ocean initially removes heat from the upper layers of the eddy, air-sea flux is limited as the

174 estation, by day 19 both were present in the upper layers of the epidermis and both became still more

175 fficiently captures the transcriptome of the upper layers of the epidermis with sufficient resolution

176 more peripheral web-like distribution in the upper layers of the epidermis, and then over a few days

177 xpression is limited to keratinocytes in the upper layers of the epidermis.

178 granules into the extracellular space in the upper layers of the epidermis.

179 g-term potentiation (LTP) of synapses in the upper layers of the granular somatosensory cortex but no

180 Since reactions in upper layers of the hierarchy impose an upper bound on t

181 A similar pattern developed in the upper layers of the infralimbic cortex, but it formed on

182 The upper layers of the mat, which receive light, have an in

183 activation and synapse loss localized to the upper layers of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in m

184 protein E gene (Apoe(high)) localized to the upper layers of the mPFC.

185 on and evaporation over the ocean, since the upper layers of the ocean are the most sensitive to atmo

186 educing supplies of oxidized nitrogen in the upper layers of the ocean, and fundamentally altering ni

187 jects a wedge of low-nutrient water into the upper layers of the ocean.

188 lly affect predator-prey interactions in the upper layers of the ocean.

189 ffering from autochthonous substrates in the upper layers of the ocean.

190 ed until they are combined by neurons in the upper layers of the primary visual cortex.

191 e longer fibers (>50 mum) accumulated in the upper layers of the sand, smaller fibers were slightly m

192 pport the theory that itch emanates from the upper layers of the skin, whereas pain is associated wit

193 roduction of melanin and its distribution in upper layers of the skin.

194 This depletion of hyaluronan in the upper layers of the tissue likely facilitates the promin

195 ccompanied by influx of lymphocytes into the upper layers of the tissue.

196 of aggrecan as well as hyaluronan within the upper layers of the tissue.

197 ificant role in the input of new nitrogen to upper layers of the tropical and subtropical oceanic eco

198 that even a moderate change in leaf angle in upper layers of the wheat canopy led to a large increase

199 y to TLS, whereas peripheral staining of the upper layers of these tissues was observed with the anti

200 concentrations were 2-3 times higher in the upper layers on average (significant difference between

201 the priming of downward-moving new SOC from upper layers on native old SOC in deeper layers.

202 itated the easy collection of extract as the upper layer over water.

203 erated in a wake when a steering flow in the upper layer passes a seamount, induced by a surface cycl

204 Furthermore, in late-gestation upper-layer precursors, overactive beta-catenin signalin

205 Within the upper layers, premature miR-128 expression reduces the c

206 formed whole-cell recordings from neurons in upper-layer primary visual cortex of awake mice during l

207 nin signaling advances the timing to promote upper-layer production.

208 the developmental potential of these cells, upper-layer progenitors were transplanted into the cereb

209 C), a progressive loss in the maintenance of upper layer projection neuron gene expression, and reduc

210 and its relationship with the generation of upper layer projection neurons at later ages.

211 es that Cux2(+) RGCs generate both deep- and upper-layer projection neurons.

212 Specifically, we found a reduced number of upper layer pyramidal neurons and an increase in layer V

213 oth dendrite complexity and spine density of upper layer pyramidal neurons, leading to an excitation/

214 and thalamic areas preferentially target the upper-layer pyramidal neurons in vM1.

215 We map the inhibitory connectivity between upper layers somatostatin-positive GABAergic interneuron

216 ons (GIN), representing a fraction of mainly upper layer SST+ interneurons in various cortical areas,

217 ed (r = 0.82) with that of the difference in upper layer temperatures between the Sargasso and Slope

218 ascend in silicate melt, accumulating in an upper layer that grows during re-equilibration.

219 agnetic fields are primarily generated in an upper layer that is H(2)O-rich, homogeneous, convective,

220 s its near subsurface by not compressing the upper layers, thereby minimizing the influence of interp

221 ctivity in deeper layers inhibits spiking in upper layers to support proactive inhibitory saccade con

222 ic Fezf2 expression in mice can convert both upper-layer (UL) and striatal projection neurons into a

223 er II/III at P3-P5 and in the cortical plate/upper layer V at P0-P1.

224 e lower portion of layer III, lamina IV, and upper layer V in the primary visual, somatosensory, and

225 (12-13 microm) and located in layer III and upper layer V, whereas PT-type perikarya are larger (18-

226 were largely restricted to layers II-IV and upper layer V.

227 Moreover, for upper layer V1 neurons, the preferred orientation for Ha

228 e results from V2 were similar to those from upper-layer V1, indicating that cortical processing does

229 ectroporation caused a relative reduction of upper layer vs. lower layer cortical neurons, indicating

230 e Golgi complex oriented toward the cortical upper layers was also affected by electroporation with s

231 CO patches in the upper layers were centered on ocular dominance columns i

232 per layers and spiking activity was lower in upper layers when the animals were instructed to suppres

233 in the lower layers and is restricted to the upper layers, where calpain is active and where disrupti

234 h Notch signaling and cilia disappear in the upper layers, where key ciliary proteins distribute to c

235 s enhanced by locomotion differs between the upper layers, where the major effect is the increasing o

236 ions between ocular dominance columns in the upper layers, which reorganize within 2 d.

237 Copepods dominated the upper layer, while euphausiids were more abundant in the

238 The upper layer, with large pore sizes ( approximately 100 n

239 oadening of aerosol size distribution at the upper layer within the clouds with the dominance of carb

240 rel, whereas others may convey inhibition to upper layers, within their own or in adjacent columns.

241 f visually evoked activity in neurons of the upper layers without changing their tuning to orientatio