ライフサイエンスコーパス: urchin

1 iles were examined in tissues of the red sea urchin.

2 N model for embryonic development in the sea urchin.

3 ferrin-like protein contained within the sea urchin.

4 t marine animals such as farmed fish and sea urchins.

5 tilization and reproductive isolation of sea urchins.

6 se fertilization occurs externally, like sea urchins.

7 able state by increasing diet breadth in sea urchins.

8 buting to formation of micromeres in the sea urchins.

9 nstructs: the Widom 601 sequence and the sea urchin 5S ribosomal gene.

10 In the sea urchin, a prototypic deuterostome, the ectoderm-endoderm

11 ound in the responses of Padina spp. and sea urchin abundance at several vent systems increases confi

12 ot vice versa) but are not affected by total urchin abundance.

13 accretion rate and herbivore (parrotfish and urchin) abundance from the analysis of sediments and fis

14 for grazing epifauna, where scraping by sea urchins affects overall column-topography.

15 Indeed, introduction of sea urchin AGS into the sea star embryo induces asymmetric c

16 rformed a structure-function analysis of sea urchin Alx1 using a rescue assay and identified a novel,

17 We found that diminutive species of urchin and parrotfish, which escaped die-offs and fishin

18 one to three days after fertilization of sea urchin and sea star (total of 22,670,000 reads).

19 In contrast, carbon enrichment deterred sea urchins and attracted isopods, while simulated herbivory

20 at Darwin, but competition by bioeroding sea urchins and burrowing fauna (polychaete worms, bivalve m

21 eral lineage-specific TLR gene expansions in urchins and cephalochordates.

22 ircuitry that controls skeletogenesis in sea urchins and provides a framework for evolutionary studie

23 d mast cells (MCs) can be traced back to sea urchins and the ascidian Styela plicata, respectively.

24 adenylation is widely conserved in fly, sea urchin, and mouse.

25 t in cidaroid echinoids, sand dollars, heart urchins, and other nonmodel echinoderms provides an idea

26 ide strong support for the idea that the sea urchin ANE regulatory state and the mechanisms that posi

27 show that during early development, the sea urchin ANE territory separates into inner and outer regu

28 ling proteins in sperm flagella from the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata.

29 Late elongation of the sea urchin archenteron is a classic example of convergent ex

30 Sea urchins are a major component of recent marine communiti

31 Sea urchins are considered highly vulnerable to OA.

32 Sea urchins are keystone grazers in reef ecosystems, yet fee

33 The trophic interactions of sea urchins are known to be the agents of phase shifts in be

34 Sea stars and sea urchins are model systems for interrogating the types of

35 ynthesized with both the nanorod and the sea-urchin-arm dimensions controlled by Co/Fe ratios.

36 of miR-31 in early development using the sea urchin as a model.

37 ries target species and negative effects for urchins as their predators benefited from protection.

38 We measured the average movement (speed) of urchins as well as the time required (foraging time) for

39 ophic replacement of herbivorous fish by sea urchins at low biomass and the accumulation of slow-grow

40 h reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and gold nano-urchins (AuNUs).

41 ong forests on different islands), while the urchin barren communities followed the opposite pattern.

42 more spatially variable than the downgraded urchin barren communities, and that these differences ar

43 In a nearby fished urchin barren, invasion of S. horneri was also suppresse

44 , intense ocean warming (2014-2017), and sea urchin barrens (2015-).

45 ense grazing, coralline assemblages in these urchin barrens are significantly less diverse than in ke

46 munity surveys were done in kelp forests and urchin barrens at nine islands spanning 1230 km of the A

47 ciated with transitions from kelp forests to urchin barrens could have ecosystem-level effects that w

48 In contrast, urchin barrens exhibit relatively low variability within

49 bust kelp forest to unproductive large scale urchin barrens in northern California.

50 uction of kelp forests and the formation of 'urchin barrens', a rocky habitat dominated by crustose a

51 opy than in the kelp benthos and in adjacent urchin barrens, consistent with metabolic activity by th

52 kelp deforestation and the formation of sea urchin barrens.

53 position within the kelp forests than in the urchin barrens.

54 h's diet in algal-dominated habitats than in urchin barrens.

55 ne algal assemblages at sites that differ in urchin biomass and keystone predation by sea otters.

56 ), as it is the major constituent of the sea urchin, but in terms of quantity of uranium per gram of

57 ation throughout the life stages of this sea urchin, but surprisingly, is not essential for larval de

58 The sea urchin C-terminal construct (SUPC2 Ccore) also forms tri

59 The sea urchin calcite spicules are formed within a tubular cavi

60 Sea urchins challenged with heat-killed marine bacteria resu

61 the role of low-latitude MPAs as a sink for urchins changed significantly in contrasting ways.

62 ical inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex in sea urchin coelomocytes, cells that possess an unusually bro

63 A reduction in top-down control on sea urchins, combined with other expected impacts of climate

64 mbryos only if Tld levels are reduced in sea urchin compared to fly.

65 ing motifs is significantly depressed in sea urchins compared with sea star, but both motif types are

66 In contrast, for sea urchins, connectivity among pairs of MPAs generally decr

67 g lobster abundance but little evidence that urchins control the biomass of macroalgae.

68 opical systems the abundances of grazing sea urchins declined dramatically along CO2 gradients.

69 reatments to examine the extent to which sea urchin density and macroalgal biomass were related to th

70 Increased urchin density did however have a negative influence on

71 Results revealed a trend towards decreasing urchin density with increasing lobster abundance but lit

72 ight intensity, water motion, nutrients, sea urchin density) that may influence productivity.

73 ry mesenchyme cells (PMCs) of euechinoid sea urchins, derived from the micromeres of the 16-cell embr

74 These results show that sea urchin development is highly sensitive to Ni via a mecha

75 rulation that corresponds to the GRN for sea urchin development of equivalent territories and stages.

76 gene regulatory network (GRN) underlying sea urchin development.

77 died bindin evolution in the pantropical sea urchin Diadema, which split from other studied genera 25

78 orous fish and disease among the long-spined urchin, Diadema, have facilitated algal growth on degrad

79 Thus, urchins did not only persist but actually 'thrived' unde

80 how that while coralline cover is greater in urchin-dominated sites (or "barrens"), which are subject

81 During embryogenesis the sea urchin early pluteus larva differentiates 40-50 neurons

82 s for ex vivo and in vitro treatments of sea urchin eggs and isolated cortices and cortical vesicles,

83 Studies in fibroblasts and urchin eggs suggest that trafficking and fusion of intra

84 the primordial germ cells (PGCs) of the sea urchin embryo (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) is quiesce

85 lity occurs at early gastrulation in the sea urchin embryo and requires activation of early specifica

86 Sea urchin embryo assay was used to assess general toxicity

87 to challenge specific predictions of the sea urchin embryo endomesoderm GRN.

88 neuroectoderm (ANE) of the deuterostome sea urchin embryo expresses many of the same transcription f

89 Here, we leverage the sea urchin embryo for its well-established gene regulatory n

90 lation the ectodermal territories of the sea urchin embryo have developed an unexpectedly complex spa

91 terference to demonstrate that the early sea urchin embryo integrates information not only from Wnt/b

92 The formation of the endoskeleton of the sea urchin embryo is a powerful experimental system for deve

93 ion of the calcified endoskeleton of the sea urchin embryo is a valuable experimental system for deve

94 The oral-aboral axis of the sea urchin embryo is specified conditionally via a regulated

95 icromeres to the coelomic pouches in the sea urchin embryo provides an exceptional model for understa

96 Dorsal/ventral (DV) patterning of the sea urchin embryo relies on a ventrally-localized organizer

97 Skeletal patterning in the sea urchin embryo requires a conversation between the skelet

98 ciliated band (CB) of the postgastrular sea urchin embryo surrounds the oral ectoderm, separating it

99 fully applied for the first time using a sea urchin embryo test to the secondary treatment of the Gal

100 data strongly support the idea that the sea urchin embryo uses an ancient anterior patterning system

101 process in the vegetal half of the early sea urchin embryo using Boolean models with continuous-time

102 zed gene regulatory network (GRN) in the sea urchin embryo was used to identify the transcription fac

103 etween the fourth and tenth cleavages in the urchin embryo).

104 describe a general methodology using the sea urchin embryo, a material of choice because of the large

105 N) model that promotes myogenesis in the sea urchin embryo, an early branching deuterostome.

106 or of oral ectoderm specification in the sea urchin embryo, and indirectly, of aboral ectoderm specif

107 In the sea urchin embryo, cells at gastrulation were found to repro

108 gulatory network for neurogenesis in the sea urchin embryo.

109 ation and patterning of the deuterostome sea urchin embryo.

110 49% and 49%, respectively) affecting the sea urchin embryogenesis activity.

111 etworks (GRNs) that control pregastrular sea urchin embryogenesis to reveal the gene regulatory funct

112 cific up-regulation during both frog and sea urchin embryogenesis.

113 transporter activity during formation of sea urchin embryonic cells necessary for the production of g

114 for the entire expressed gene set during sea urchin embryonic development.

115 B (complement protein subcomponents C1r/C1s, urchin embryonic growth factor and bone morphogenetic pr

116 he complement protein subcomponents C1r/C1s, urchin embryonic growth factor, and bone morphogenetic p

117 found 13 potentially novel miRNAs in the sea urchin embryonic library.

118 oparticles (NPs) in early development of sea urchin embryos (Paracentrotus lividus).

119 egated late blastula- and gastrula-stage sea urchin embryos according to the regulatory states expres

120 ntral ectoderm to the dorsal ectoderm in sea urchin embryos is not understood.

121 rates that pantropic retroviruses infect sea urchin embryos with high efficiency and genomically inte

122 retroviruses as a transduction tool for sea urchin embryos, and demonstrates that pantropic retrovir

123 In sea urchin embryos, BMP is produced in the ventral ectoderm,

124 NPs in several human cell lines, also in sea urchin embryos, differences in surface charges and aggre

125 In sea urchin embryos, pigmented immunocytes are specified in v

126 By monitoring nuclear dynamics in early sea urchin embryos, we found that nuclei undergo substantial

127 Using sea urchin embryos, we showed that Notch signaling initiates

128 ole-mount fruit fly embryos, whole-mount sea urchin embryos, whole-mount zebrafish larvae, whole-moun

129 cal cytoskeletons prepared from dividing sea urchin embryos.

130 sary for endodermal gut morphogenesis in sea urchin embryos.

131 udy aspects of this transport process in sea urchin embryos.

132 Using specific subcircuits from the sea urchin endomesoderm GRN, for which both circuit design a

133 ther seven T and two complement C1r/C1s, sea urchin epidermal growth factor, and bone morphogenetic p

134 cts of OA on the skeleton of "classical" sea urchins (euechinoids), but the impact of etching on skel

135 the shell and spines of the New Zealand sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus was evaluated using six dif

136 owed that the embryos of the New Zealand sea urchin (Evechinus chloroticus) are the most sensitive of

137 The sea urchins exhibited a wide degree of phenotypic trophic pl

138 Near the vent site, the urchins experienced large daily variations in pH (>1 uni

139 llapse of the north coast commercial red sea urchin fishery (2015-) worth $3 M.

140 centrations detected were in limpets and sea urchins, followed by sea stars, ascidians, and sea cucum

141 als; Exfoliated Graphene Oxide and Gold Nano-Urchins for modification of the screen-printed carbon el

142 of test calcification were detected between urchins from vent and control populations.

143 of the roles played by growth factors in sea urchin gastrulation and skeletogenesis.

144 o primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) during sea urchin gastrulation, although the relative contributions

145 In addition, we constructed a custom sea urchin gene ontology, and assigned about 7000 different

146 e mode of bindin evolution varies across sea urchin genera studied to date.

147 The purple sea urchin genome encodes 10 IL17 subfamilies (35 genes) and

148 arisons-fruit fly vs tsetse fly, and two sea urchin genomes-and report novel insights gained from the

149 otrophic (nonfeeding) development in the sea urchin genus Heliocidaris is one of the most comprehensi

150 selection, more slowly than in any other sea urchin genus.

151 Sea urchin gonads are usually sold as a fresh chilled produc

152 Urchin grazing also significantly (p < 0.001) influenced

153 our results suggest that factors other than urchin grazing play a major role in controlling macroalg

154 Reduced sea urchin grazing pressure and significant increases in pho

155 gns of biological disturbance (primarily sea urchin grazing) and increased recovery rates of the domi

156 Average-sized urchins grew more than twice as fast at the vent compare

157 ity did however have a negative influence on urchin growth, a result of limited food availability.

158 temperate reefs, the grazing activity of sea urchins has been responsible for the destruction of kelp

159 g in the early development of euechinoid sea urchins have revealed that little appreciable change has

160 he precise movement of the S4 helix of a sea urchin HCN channel using transition metal ion fluorescen

161 cted during storage of gonads recovered from urchins held in air, with final K-values (%) of 59.34 an

162 2.95), was observed in gonads recovered from urchins held in air.

163 A decline in ATP (control: 376.16; urchins held in air: 231.58 and 245.16) and build-up of

164 on products, mainly inosine (control: 13.25; urchins held in air: 82.87 and 52.95), was observed in g

165 ame result was seen with nanos2 from the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Hp).

166 of functional and expression studies in sea urchin, hemichordate and chordate embryos reveal strikin

167 of different shaped (spherical, rod, and sea-urchin) heteroatom-doped fluorescent carbon nanoparticle

168 hinoderms Paracentrotus lividus Lamarck (sea urchin), Holothuria forskali Chiaje (sea cucumber), the

169 , current flagellar model systems (e.g., sea urchin, human sperm) contain accessory structures that i

170 some commercially important fishes, and sea urchins in 24 Mediterranean MPAs.

171 mmediately after harvesting or after holding urchins in air at either 4 or 15 degrees C for 144 and 7

172 Sea urchins in constant hypoxia maintained baseline metaboli

173 seedlings were preferred by herbivorous sea urchins in feeding trials, which could potentially count

174 , foraging time was significantly longer for urchins in the low-pH treatment.

175 However, in sea urchins initial characterizations of FGF function do not

176 We conclude that the PGCs of this sea urchin institute parallel pathways to quiesce translatio

177 We identified that Vasa in the sea urchin is essential for: (1) general mRNA translation du

178 rough investigation of uranium uptake in sea urchin is one of the few attempts to assess the speciati

179 ene regulatory network of embryos in the sea urchin, is required for pigmentation throughout the life

180 We investigated the manner in which the sea urchin larva takes up calcium from its body cavity into

181 ly uncharacterized putative orthologs in sea urchin larvae and detected expression for twelve out of

182 Sea urchin larvae have an endoskeleton consisting of two cal

183 ected findings from the immune system of sea urchin larvae potentially provide insights into immune s

184 entral ectoderm in both hemichordate and sea urchin larvae.

185 The sea urchin larval skeleton offers a simple model for formati

186 The Co-Fe-P structure, especially the sea-urchin-like (Co(0.54)Fe(0.46))2P, shows enhanced catalys

187 he polyhedral Co-Fe-O nanoparticles) and sea-urchin-like Co-Fe-P (from the cubic Co-Fe-O nanoparticle

188 s maintained in early development of the sea urchin lineage.

189 and pinnotherid pea crab parasites for a sea urchin (Loxechinus albus).

190 In contrast, urchins maintained extracellular fluid pH under OA by ac

191 that the chemosensory behavior of a deep-sea urchin may be impaired by ocean acidification.

192 Trophic plasticity in the sea urchin may contribute to the stability and resilience of

193 esting that internal acid-base regulation in urchins may substantially moderate the magnitude of this

194 inus (found in basal species such as the sea urchin) mediates direct catalytic activation of NADK by

195 The red sea urchin, Mesocentrotus franciscanus, is one the earth's l

196 sessed how varying densities of juvenile sea urchins Mespilia globulus (Linnaeus, 1758), reared along

197 fly compare the observed dynamics in the sea urchin model to a version that applies to the fly embryo

198 In crushing tests live urchins mostly ruptured at sutures between the plates.

199 Testing whether this holds for all sea urchins necessitates comparative analyses of echinoid ta

200 lated gene expression profile in the red sea urchin nervous system may play a role in mitigating the

201 n and the current developmental style of sea urchins not seen in other echinoderms.

202 fy two different forms of uranium in the sea urchin, one in the test, as a carbonato-calcium complex,

203 The sea urchin oral ectoderm gene regulatory network (GRN) model

204 m pCO2) on sperm competitiveness for the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.

205 bioaccumulation were investigated in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.

206 ies; mussels (Mytilus edulis) and purple sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus).

207 We also employed the sea urchin PC2 (SUPC2) as a model for biophysical and struct

208 the Sp185/333 gene expression in single sea urchin phagocytes.

209 d sea star disease in the massive purple sea urchin population increase.

210 cts of sublethal hypoxia, and may impact sea urchin populations and ecosystems via reduced feeding an

211 macroevolutionary response to changes in sea urchin predation pressure and that it may have set the s

212 e unique insights into the importance of sea urchin predation through geologic time.

213 m native algae, resulting from protection of urchin predators.

214 ed herbivore feeding behavior, yet while sea urchins preferred nutrient-enriched seagrass tissue (reg

215 However, under the altered conditions urchins produced larger eggs compared with control anima

216 CUB (complement components C1r and C1s, sea urchin protein Uegf, and bone morphogenetic protein-1) d

217 CUB (complement components C1r and C1s, sea urchin protein Uegf, and bone morphogenetic protein-1) d

218 rofiles associated with TGP in the green sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris and evaluates the transcrip

219 proteins, Transib transposase and purple sea urchin RAG1-like, have a latent ability to initiate V(D)

220 ic acid 5-position are recognized by the sea urchin receptor, albeit with a 20-500-fold loss in agoni

221 Thus, to evaluate the effect of live urchin's post-harvest conditions on gonad shelf-life, go

222 haracterized the proteomes of cilia from sea urchins, sea anemones, and choanoflagellates.

223 ontent with distantly related deuterostomes (urchins, sea squirts, and humans) suggests that mechanis

224 Among the various shapes of CNPs, the sea-urchin shape CNPs (SU-CNPs) shows the high product and q

225 Sea urchins share a molecular heritage with chordates that i

226 studies in naked mole rat and long-lived sea urchins showed that these species do not alter their gen

227 onditions, a result driven by differences in urchin size.

228 sulfation serves as a positional cue for sea urchin skeletal patterning.

229 Sea urchin skeletogenesis is an excellent model system for s

230 skeletal development, the newly expanded sea urchin skeletogenic GRN will provide a foundation for co

231 + content and protective function of the sea urchin skeleton will play out in a complex way as global

232 These results suggest that sea urchin SMics share many more characteristics typical of

233 available bindin sequences for two other sea urchin species, S. pallidus and S. droebachiensis.

234 By studying sea urchin species-specific differences in sperm chemoattrac

235 ata and compared these with those of two sea urchins species.

236 Although urchin speed did not vary significantly in relation to p

237 The GC chemoreceptor in sea urchin sperm can decode chemoattractant concentrations w

238 ral arrangements of Ribbon proteins from sea urchin sperm flagella, using quantitative immunobiochemi

239 py and optochemical techniques, we track sea urchin sperm navigating in 3D chemoattractant gradients.

240 observations of flagellar counterbend in sea urchin sperm show that the mechanical induction of curva

241 We encapsulated individual sea urchin sperm with demembranated flagellum inside water-i

242 In sea urchin sperm, a cyclic nucleotide-gated K(+) channel (CN

243 presence of polysialic acid (polySia) on sea urchin sperm.

244 A remarkable example is the steering of sea urchin spermatozoa towards the conspecific egg by a spat

245 In sea urchins, spermatozoan motility is altered by chemotactic

246 ecursors to calcite (CaCO3) formation in sea urchin spicules, and not proto-aragonite or poorly cryst

247 ery activated by the VEGF pathway during sea urchin spiculogenesis and reveal multiple parallels to t

248 Overall, our findings suggest that sea urchin spiculogenesis and vertebrate vascularization div

249 e the critical role of VEGF signaling in sea urchin spiculogenesis, the downstream program it activat

250 ent a comprehensive analysis of an adult sea urchin spine, and in revealing a complex, hierarchical s

251 n fertilization success in the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri using pH treatment conditio

252 nder altered conditions on the Antarctic sea urchin, Sterechinus neumayeri.

253 antioxidant activity of gonads from the sea urchin, Stomopneustes variolaris, inhabiting the coastal

254 cluding two exons and one intron, in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius represented by two

255 In the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (class Echinoidea)

256 omologs are present in the genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Sp), and each nano

257 A deuterostome Grl from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus displays similar pa

258 We find that the PGCs of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus exhibit broad trans

259 lls missing (gcm) regulatory gene of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is first expressed

260 ity of the ecologically important purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus to adapt to OA, usi

261 ontrasts with previous findings from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus where L-type and F-

262 kowalevskii and Ptychodera flava and the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus).

263 on multiple biological processes in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a key grazer in Ca

264 ulation of pigmented cells in the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, an emerging model

265 lopmental and environmental biology, the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

266 evelopment of the larval skeleton in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

267 o be an important predator of the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

268 Larvae of the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) exhibit dramatic

269 ci their annotations with respect to the Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) genome.

270 terns of genome-wide selection in purple sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) cultured under d

271 ing behavior of a deep-sea echinoid, the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus fragilis.

272 The Sp185/333 gene family in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, consists of an es

273 The purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, expresses a diver

274 ant, morphologically distinct, echinoid (sea urchin) subclasses, Euechinoidea and Cidaroidea, which d

275 he analysis of sediments and fish, coral and urchin subfossils within cores from Caribbean Panama.

276 search on indirect-developing euechinoid sea urchins suggests strong conservation of GRN circuitry du

277 crease in DNA-damage was four times lower in urchins than mussels, suggesting that internal acid-base

278 is the appearance of the micromeres in a sea urchin that form by an asymmetric cell division at the 4

279 In sea urchin the ANE is restricted to the anterior of the late

280 In sea urchins, the coelomic pouches are the major contributor

281 In sea urchins, these changes include polymerization of cortica

282 mation and germ layer specification from sea urchins to mammals.

283 d a genetically homogenous population of sea urchins to two very different trophic environments over

284 P have molecular masses smaller than the sea urchin TPCs, and antibodies to TPCs do not detect any im

285 neralogy, thickness, and strength in the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla reared in all combinations o

286 lyethylene microspheres by larvae of the sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla.

287 Herein we demonstrate that recombinant sea urchin vascular endothelial growth factor (rVEGF), a sig

288 Human VEGF rescues sea urchin VEGF knockdown, vesicle deposition into an intern

289 a significant role in both systems, and sea urchin VEGF signaling activates hundreds of genes, inclu

290 ium in the different compartments of the sea urchin was performed.

291 The force required to crush a live urchin was reduced in animals reared in low pH condition

292 For two key marine species (kelp and sea urchins), we use oceanographic modelling to predict how

293 wo commercially exploited populations of sea urchins were characterized, for the first time, in terms

294 predator and prey sizes, although larger sea urchins were consumed only by large starfishes.

295 during the month-long period when groups of urchins were continuously exposed to low pH or control c

296 extraocular visual system, that of some sea urchins, which also possess chromatophores [1].

297 eri was also suppressed, due to herbivory by urchins whose predators are fished.

298 nd predation rate of P. helianthoides on sea urchins will likely decrease with future warming.

299 daris erythrogramma, two closely related sea urchins with highly divergent developmental gene express

300 Using symmetrically dividing sea urchin zygotes, we generated cortical domains of magneti