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1 2+)(Fe(2x/3)(3+), (x/3))(HCOO)(3) ( = B-site vacancy).
2 diamagnetic circulating current around the S-vacancy.
3 us O(2) adsorption onto the resulting oxygen vacancy.
4 f each host, attributed to the native sulfur vacancy.
5 e generation and stabilization of the oxygen vacancies.
6 e to accommodation of large amount of oxygen vacancies.
7 nsport mass, a process enabled by structural vacancies.
8 lowed, there is generally some population of vacancies.
9 und to be significantly larger than those of vacancies.
10 median income, business growth, and housing vacancies.
11 y lose piezoelectricity mainly due to oxygen vacancies.
12 e) diffusion of O-adatoms and oxygen surface vacancies.
13 e oxygen substitutional defects, rather than vacancies.
14 ility than the same structure without en and vacancies.
15 crystalline structure in the form of oxygen vacancies.
16 ponding bandgap energy by introducing oxygen vacancies.
17 eck coefficient, which show no signs of lead vacancies.
18 model that considers roles of tSCs including vacancies.
19 erpart due to the prevalence of intrinsic Ge vacancies.
20 lour centres-namely the Si-, Ge-, Sn- and Pb-vacancies.
21 ther, the process appears to be driven by Fe vacancies.
22 also preferred sites for the induced oxygen vacancies.
23 ween MoS(2) and TiO(2,) specifically, oxygen vacancies.
24 rticles and MoS(2) , rather than only sulfur vacancies.
25 round undercoordinated sites, such as sulfur vacancies.
26 ed to create high-density interfacial oxygen vacancies.
27 lid-solutions, or compounds with statistical vacancies.
28 to generate high concentrations of titanium vacancies.
29 arly doubles the natural concentration of Sn vacancies.
30 hases upon oxidation, thereby creating anion vacancies.
31 pe cobalt atom cluster with a central sulfur vacancy (3Co(Mo)-V(S)) renders the distinct electrocatal
32 o metal atoms/ions adsorption into intrinsic vacancies, a conductive-point mechanism supported by fir
34 eory show how the terminal OH groups on node vacancies act as Bronsted bases, facilitating TBA dehydr
35 aled at high temperature to eliminate oxygen vacancies, Al is doped into the ZnO nanosheet, and the m
36 isely tunable strain and sulfur vacancies (S-vacancies) along with rich edge sites are synthesized vi
37 mulating morphology, affluent surface-oxygen-vacancies and chemical compositions for enhanced generat
39 defects in amorphous materials, analogous to vacancies and dislocations in crystals, remains elusive.
40 nverse and reversible balance between cation vacancies and electrons, while the mobility of ionic spe
41 rystal structure, which increases the oxygen vacancies and exposes more W active sites, optimizes the
42 talysis mechanism, revealing abundant oxygen vacancies and holey lamellar framework contribute to the
43 imensional (2D) solids, point defects, i.e., vacancies and interstitials, are bound states of topolog
44 (0.5)Pb(0.5)I(3) structure has massive Pb/Sn vacancies and much higher chemical stability than the sa
45 This doping explains the presence of oxygen vacancies and reduced Ti states at the surface, which en
47 addition to a reduction in the number of Li vacancies and shrinkage of the Li-layer size, the intrin
48 atalytic performance, but the role of sulfur vacancies and the mechanism determining the reaction kin
49 rease of both the formation energy of oxygen vacancies and the migration barrier of oxidized oxide io
50 tal structure containing cation disorder and vacancies and the observed transport properties, which f
52 y of one axon and also by increased areas of vacancies and tSCs suggesting that the areas are importa
55 128-channel, defect-free array of germanium-vacancy and silicon-vacancy colour centres in an alumini
56 BCC lattice parameter, reduced the Fe local vacancies, and lowered the resistance to electron transf
57 at defects in nanosilica (E' centers, oxygen vacancies, and nonbridging oxygen hole centers) convert
60 through phases of construction, demolition, vacancy, and redevelopment, each impacting water movemen
62 oodite (gamma-Mg2SiO4), additionally, Si(4+) vacancies are formed, even at a water content as low as
64 intercalated by electrolyte gating or oxygen vacancies are introduced by adjusting growth conditions.
69 layered oxides suffer from an ordered Na(+) /vacancy arrangement and P2->O2/OP4 phase transitions, le
70 Conventionally presumed to be random(12,13), vacancy arrangements are crucial because they control mi
74 or disappears, further confirming the oxygen vacancies as being responsible for the memristive behavi
75 1, 2), respectively), not created by oxygen vacancies as is normally the case in oxide materials.
76 d MoS(2-x) polycrystalline nanosheets with S vacancies as the catalysts are loaded onto carbon cloth
80 the metastable CoO(2) termination enables a vacancy-assisted O(2) dissociation that is 10(2)-10(3) t
81 paper, a systematic study of the dissociated vacancies at screw dislocations in MgO is carried out.
82 In particular, the dissociated nature of vacancies at screw dislocations, or more generally, at a
84 However, the presence of numerous iodine vacancies at the surface of the film formed by their eva
85 y the favorable impacts of band convergence, vacancy-augmented hole concentration, and lattice soften
86 th conditions (inducing disorder by samarium vacancies, boron interstitials, etc.), the bulk resistiv
87 hose in Cu, implying the easier formation of vacancies by lattice structure relaxation of HEAs at ele
88 phase-field simulations, we show that oxygen vacancies can move under a stress-gradient-induced depol
89 at act as a reversible redox center, and the vacancy can easily activate O(2) to replenish the consum
92 mond, such as the negatively charged silicon vacancy center (SiV), feature spin qubits that are highl
93 easurements and spatially resolving nitrogen-vacancy center magnetometry, we show that Fe:MoS(2) mono
94 emented the QRB-guided imaging with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond nanocrystals, which enable op
95 ious works based on quantum dots or nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, our proposal does not requir
96 atomic-scale imaging using a single nitrogen vacancy centre as a quantum sensor, and demonstrate it o
97 onstrate that the negatively charged silicon-vacancy centre in silicon carbide is immune to both draw
98 etected emission from bright single nitrogen vacancy centres hosted in the fabricated nanodiamonds.
100 stems from exciton recombination at bromide vacancy centres within lead-halide octahedra, unrelated
101 1) oriented SrFeO(2.5) devices, where oxygen vacancy channels are ordered along the in-plane directio
102 5) devices with out-of-plane oriented oxygen vacancy channels, reaching from the bottom to the top el
103 The charge ordered structure of ions and vacancies characterizing rare-earth pyrochlore oxides se
104 The molecular O(2) is trapped rigidly within vacancy clusters and exhibits minimal mobility unlike fr
106 -free array of germanium-vacancy and silicon-vacancy colour centres in an aluminium nitride PIC.
108 rea to volume ratio, reactive surface oxygen vacancy concentration and superior oxygen storage capaci
110 In NaSn(m)SbTe(m+2) however, the doubled vacancy concentration raises the charge carrier density
114 ow that extremely strong sorption of Tl onto vacancy-containing layered delta-MnO(2) at low dissolved
116 between short range order and cation-oxygen-vacancy coordination remains a subject of active debate.
120 cisely create, control, and transport oxygen vacancies critical for developing ionotronic and memrist
122 The quantum spin properties of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond enable diverse applications i
123 the statistical ensemble behavior of oxygen vacancy defects is deterministic even when individual de
125 ns and their functions, and vacant sites (or vacancies) devoid of tSCs and axons proposing tSCs as ke
126 solute atoms and crystalline defects such as vacancies, dislocations, and grain boundaries are essent
128 urthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed vacancy dissociation mechanism can also be extended to m
129 al that substitution of metal ions into h-BN vacancies during electrical switching is a likely mechan
130 46 megahertz) for germanium-vacancy (silicon-vacancy) emitters, close to the lifetime-limited linewid
131 tuning the WS(2) layer number, strain, and S-vacancies enables arguably the best-performing HER 2H-WS
134 at Pd atoms tend to migrate into the surface vacancy-enriched MoC surface during the carburization pr
135 reactions in a zinc-air battery catalyzed by vacancy-enriched oxidized carbon; the intensity changes
137 d to in-gap states associated with chalcogen vacancies, even in the absence of direct experimental ev
139 angstrom inter active-site distance and 33 % vacancies exhibited unprecedented high turnover frequenc
142 tron microscopy-based analyses assuming that vacancies form randomly and are taken over by adjacent a
143 ored chemical treatments that mitigate anion vacancy formation and improve the performance of CuInSe(
144 tional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that vacancy formation energies at the planar oxygen sites in
145 reduced heterostructure disorder and larger vacancy formation energies of the two-dimensional perovs
147 tion of possible mechanisms of acid-assisted vacancy formation in bulk transition metal oxides, in pa
148 on determined primarily by a balance between vacancy formation through particle bombardment and inter
149 h Pd-Ti coordination, which manifests upon O-vacancy formation, and the artificial increase in TiO(2)
151 roversies in the literature regarding oxygen vacancy function, providing new insights into their impa
152 he PDGFR-beta gene promoter sequence forms a vacancy G-quadruplex (vG4) which can be filled in and st
157 thod that can systematically generate oxygen vacancies in barium stannate (BaSnO(3) (BSO)) crystal is
159 rotation symmetry nucleated around single S-vacancies in Co(3)Sn(2)S(2.) The SOPs carry a magnetic m
161 findings reveal the strong effect of oxygen vacancies in different sites on the superconductivity pr
162 Herein, the critical role of oxidizing the vacancies in enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction for
163 thermore, we show the distribution of oxygen vacancies in NdNiO(3) can be controlled via an electric
165 Deliberate introduction of oxygen-enriched vacancies in nitrogen-doped carbon is shown experimental
166 ations, we found that the presence of oxygen vacancies in partially oxidized CoO(x) films significant
168 c occupancy of states associated with oxygen vacancies in situ in BiVO(4) photoanodes, allowing us to
169 verify the existence of bifunctional oxygen vacancies in the 2D black In(2) O(3-) (x) nanosheets hos
170 ables the generation of uniform strain and S-vacancies in the as-grown WS(2) nanosheets, and simultan
171 ke is a result of oxygen atoms occupying the vacancies in the hydrophilic exfoliated flakes and subse
175 functional theory calculations, the selenium vacancy in ReSe(2) crystal can enhance its electroactivi
176 xides, where a valence band electron fills a vacancy in the 2s state of oxygen, transferring sufficie
177 ain induced ordering of defects (e.g. oxygen vacancies) in thin oxide films, considering both the ord
179 shift the reaction toward generating oxygen vacancies is lacking and to fill this blank in synthetic
180 s verify that the formation energy of oxygen vacancies is largely decreased under external strain.
182 dic van der Waals' (vdW) gaps (i.e., virtual vacancy layers) in the stack of atomic layers and the co
183 tron density owing to the presence of oxygen vacancies, leading to efficient electron transfer from p
184 xistence of these hetero-anions and titanium vacancies leads to a complex insertion mechanism, attrib
188 ccelerated molecular dynamics simulations of vacancy-mediated cation diffusion in Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore
191 ore the importance of the interfacial oxygen vacancy migration and redistribution in controlling the
193 ab initio calculations and found that oxygen vacancy migration from TiO(2) to VO(2) is responsible fo
196 ns (NCCs) of a system formed by two nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers placed in two spatially separated
197 ed on both V and P sites in order to form Li vacancies needed for Li diffusion and the Li interstitia
198 idden phase boundaries that emerge demarcate vacancy-network polymorphs with very different micropore
199 long-standing obstacle to characterizing the vacancy networks of PBAs is the inaccessibility of singl
200 Among these, the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV(-)) defect in diamond is attracting particul
201 uantum emitters such as the diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center are the basis for a wide range of qu
202 to color-center-assisted DNP using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond coupled to substitutiona
204 text] nuclei in diamond coupled to Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centers over a wide field range (1 mT-7 T).
205 s have seen the field shaped by the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre with both breakthrough fundamental p
206 le sensing platform that integrates nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers directly into the culet of di
207 Coherent manipulation of shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers enables the probing of nanosc
208 and high magnetic sensitivity, the nitrogen vacancy (NV) colour centre in diamond is one of the lead
211 s, electrons that are associated with oxygen vacancies occupy the conduction band, leading to an incr
212 (2-) of Li-salt anion and the surface oxygen vacancies of each oxide and contributes to the more faci
214 nts, and neutron diffraction to estimate the vacancy of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys (
215 the Ni dopants cluster around surface oxygen vacancy of the host oxide and provide an ideal electroni
223 hin film superlattices possessing both anion-vacancy order and Sr and Ca chemical order at the subnan
225 eighbor vacancy repulsions show checkerboard vacancy order to emerge for x > 0.6, in accord with expe
226 wave theory to the recently discovered 5 x 5 vacancy ordered chalcogenide Rb(0.89)Fe(1.58)Se(2) for r
228 spin-orbital coupling is crucial in 5 x 5 Fe vacancy-ordered Fe(4+delta)Se(5) at low temperatures.
229 Perovskite oxides can host various anion-vacancy orders, which greatly change their properties, b
230 e catalyst support design focusing on oxygen vacancy (OV)-rich, low-bandgap semiconductor is proposed
231 the energetics of substitutional phosphorous-vacancy pairs (E-centres) in Si(1-x)Ge(x) alloys vary gr
232 t the dramatic decrease of lifetime for core-vacancies parallel to the covalent bond is a manifestati
236 apse of the atomically thick triangle-shaped vacancy platelets can directly produce <c> dislocation l
238 ations indicate that compared with strain, S-vacancies play a more critical role in enhancing the HER
241 operation of a rechargeable battery, oxygen vacancies produced at the surfaces of lithium-rich layer
242 of unique mesoscopic architecture and atomic vacancies provide both effective mass transportation and
243 planar B36 cluster with a central hexagonal vacancy provided the first experimental evidence of the
244 sociated with coupled O-Fe and protonated Fe vacancies, providing a potential link between crystal ch
247 Carlo simulations driven by nearest-neighbor vacancy repulsions show checkerboard vacancy order to em
248 0.45 eV/defect) ensuring the formation of Li vacancies required for Li diffusion via the vacancy mech
249 ave to be described as (Si,Ti)(3)N(4) with N-vacancies resulting in the general composition (Si(4+)(1
251 SnTe, the naturally large density of cation vacancies results in excessive hole doping and frustrate
252 reveal that metal substitution into a sulfur vacancy results in a non-volatile change in the resistan
253 x) material comprised of small, crystalline, vacancy-rich anatase nanoparticles (NPs) shows unique op
254 we report a novel method by burying selenium vacancy-rich ReSe(2) @carbonized bacterial cellulose (V(
256 ets with precisely tunable strain and sulfur vacancies (S-vacancies) along with rich edge sites are s
257 f 54 megahertz (146 megahertz) for germanium-vacancy (silicon-vacancy) emitters, close to the lifetim
261 s, however, we find that its adsorption at S-vacancy sites away from the MoS(2) particle corners lead
262 hrough time Mn(II) will occupy both edge and vacancy sites due to the continuous supply of Mn(II).
264 lated active single Pt ions bonded at the Ti vacancy sites with 5 or 6 oxygen ions on titania nanowir
266 Triclinic birnessite, which features no vacancy sites, and todorokite, a 3 x 3 tectomanganate, b
267 Thiophene adsorbs directly at open corner vacancy sites, however, we find that its adsorption at S
272 Sm or Nd), electrons associated with oxygen vacancies strongly localize, leading to a dramatic decre
273 ements show much higher percentage of oxygen vacancies than those determined by X-ray diffraction ana
274 e mechanisms are (i) the formation of oxygen vacancies that couples to the electrostatic energy of th
275 ation of PMS by itself and stabilized oxygen vacancies that enhance the bonding with PMS and provide
276 ay is enabled by the large influx of surface vacancies that results from heating a nanoscale solid.
277 a strategy is demonstrated to create oxygen vacancies through making the reaction energetically more
278 (2.55) ) with a high concentration of oxygen vacancies to demonstrate two oxide/poly(ethylene oxide)
281 ing local HER activities by producing sulfur vacancies using electrochemical reaction at the selected
282 ansferred hot electrons either occupy oxygen vacancies (V(O) ) or produce Ti(3+) on TiO(2) , while th
283 sheet with simultaneous N dopants and oxygen vacancies (V(O) -rich N-SnO(2) NS) for promoting CO(2) c
284 controls the concentration of surface oxygen vacancies (V(O)) in these materials whereby an increased
285 s an effective dopant to modulate the oxygen vacancy (V(O) ) concentration and Ti(3+) formation, whic
287 O oxidation activity than that on the oxygen vacancy (V(o))-rich Au/TiO(2) interface, at which electr
290 Using this controlled placement of oxygen vacancies we observe a greater than 40-fold enhancement
291 particular, we study the generation of anion vacancies, which are critical defects in chalcogenide se
292 114 meV presumably associated with nitrogen vacancies, which could be the cause for the observed sel
293 he TiO(2) (101) surface with multiple oxygen vacancies, which is beneficial for generating different
294 ZnO nanosheets provide a 2D host for oxygen vacancies, while the amorphous Al(2) O(3) facilitates th
295 emperature grown interfaces stem from oxygen vacancies with a concentration determined primarily by a
296 more rapidly replenishing corrosion-injected vacancies with alloy constituents, thus playing the cruc
297 er potential color centers based on fluoride vacancies with multiple potential charge states are also
299 nal theory to reveal how the generation of S-vacancies within MoS(2) nanoparticles and the subsequent