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1 GM-CSF, and IL-4 as well as the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide.
2 rtion of the OFQ-IR neurons was positive for vasoactive intestinal peptide.
3 hat bound both PACAP and the related peptide vasoactive intestinal peptide.
4 tistatin and calretinin, cholecystokinin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide.
5 dibutyryl cAMP, cholera toxin, forskolin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide.
6 id delivery and other issues associated with vasoactive intestinal peptide.
7 de-2, gastric-inhibitory peptide, and prepro-vasoactive intestinal peptide.
8 MP-generating agonists such as forskolin and vasoactive intestinal peptide.
9 hrine (10 microm each) were ineffective, but vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 microm) and forskolin (
10 hereby these responses may be downregulated: vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 microM) elevates cyclic
12 the hypersecretion of insulin (5 patients), vasoactive intestinal peptide (5 patients), gastrin (2 p
13 are predominantly noncholinergic and contain vasoactive intestinal peptide, a marker of secretomotor
14 and duodenal acidity, and overexpressed the vasoactive intestinal peptide-a myorelaxant factor for t
15 n with cholecystokinin (CCK), carbachol, and vasoactive intestinal peptide all induced Rap1 activatio
18 hPAC1-R(S) selectivity for PACAP versus the vasoactive intestinal peptide and also differentiate PAC
19 we found that two Gs-coupled receptors (the vasoactive intestinal peptide and beta-adrenergic recept
22 hate and Na nitroprusside), or both kinases (vasoactive intestinal peptide and isoproterenol >1 micro
25 uced in these neurons after axotomy, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cy
27 etion triggered by SubP was synergistic with vasoactive intestinal peptide and/or forskolin but not w
28 rosine kinase, endothelial progenitor cells, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and miRNA in PAH therapeu
30 Muscarinic M2 receptors, nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal peptide are inhibitory and regulat
31 ls did not colocalize with those against the vasoactive intestinal peptide-associated protein PHM27.
34 reverse transcription-PCR and (125)I-labeled vasoactive intestinal peptide binding, both IK-1 and IK-
35 nsmembrane receptors that includes secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin, and corticotr
36 n mCry1 expression and its interactions with vasoactive intestinal peptide, cAMP, and PER at the hear
37 T)-expressing interneurons are a subclass of vasoactive intestinal peptide (ChAT-VIP) neurons of whic
39 g, and stimulation of transcription from the vasoactive intestinal peptide cytokine-responsive elemen
41 as elevated, and the dose-response curve for vasoactive intestinal peptide-elicited cAMP accumulation
42 n (SS), neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide exhibited clearly detectab
43 rents activates muscarinic receptors on both vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (VIP) and parva
52 tional connectivity of pyramidal neurons and vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons wi
53 enhancers selective for parvalbumin (PV) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons.
55 ed controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing SCN neurons.
56 training, either directly or via inhibiting vasoactive-intestinal-peptide-expressing interneurons, p
57 equired to stimulate depolarization, whereas vasoactive intestinal peptide failed to evoke any respon
58 ing polypeptide (PACAP), a new member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide family expressed in embryo
59 COS-7 cells and increased ability to induce vasoactive intestinal peptide gene expression in IMR-32
61 ibitory neurons that express parvalbumin and vasoactive intestinal peptide have mutually antagonistic
62 To date, two peptides, cholecystokinin and vasoactive intestinal peptide, have been localized to su
63 ns of adoptively transferred N-alpha-syn and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunocytes or natural Tre
65 emistry revealed colocalization of sst2A and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunoreactivities in ente
66 ed to the diminished light-induced c-fos and vasoactive intestinal peptide in the suprachiasmatic nuc
67 noreactive for parvalbumin, somatostatin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide) in layer 2/3 of mouse vis
68 ted agonist (isoproterenol (isoprenaline) or vasoactive intestinal peptide) in the presence of HCO3-
70 in a approximately 1.8-fold increase in the vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced activation of aden
72 tide-ir (CGRP-ir) were virtually absent, but vasoactive intestinal peptide-ir (VIP-ir) nerves were pr
73 that of arginine-vasopressin-IR (AVP-IR) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-IR (VIP-IR), but not with
74 F-IR neurons in submucosal ganglia expressed vasoactive intestinal peptide-IR and were likely to be s
75 cal trials, this antiproliferative action of vasoactive intestinal peptide may offer a new and promis
76 nt of the core clock gene period, as well as vasoactive intestinal peptide, melatonin, and the cAMP/M
77 tric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2 metabolites and vasoactive intestinal peptide, might modulate neurovascu
78 a cells as LIF and CNTF, including increased vasoactive intestinal peptide mRNA, STAT3 dimerization,
79 ides neurotensin, somatostatin, motilin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide occur largely in the stoma
80 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP, and vasoactive intestinal peptide on amylase release by 60%
81 d by gp120 was prevented by cotreatment with vasoactive intestinal peptide or activity-dependent neur
82 glands fail to secrete mucus in response to vasoactive intestinal peptide or forskolin; the failure
84 rtion of neurons that expressed substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide or nitric oxide synthase a
86 ast, interneurons containing neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide, or the 5-hydroxytryptamin
87 decrease in neuronal nitric oxide synthase, vasoactive intestinal peptide, PACAP, and tyrosine hydro
88 neuron-specific enolase, gastrin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, pancreatic polypeptide, a
89 ced increased expression of cholecystokinin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, peptide YY, and somatosta
90 tonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide peptidergic fibers, at two
91 such as MiaPaCa-2 that are negative for the vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclas
94 n-positive, somatostatin-positive (SST+), or vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive (VIP+) neurons, t
95 uted preferentially to surround suppression, vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive interneurons were
96 s primarily signaled motor action (licking), vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive neurons responded
97 nregulation of bone morphogenetic protein 2, vasoactive intestinal peptide, preopro-urotensin II-rela
98 r with three multiple response elements, the vasoactive intestinal peptide promoter and a cAMP respon
100 ranscriptional repressor sequence of the rat vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VIPR) gene const
101 ografts were analyzed for expression of NTR, vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VIPR), substance
102 yndrome, exonic duplications in the gene for vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2), and ex
104 hat, upon agonist stimulation, a GPCR called vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VPAC2) is shed
106 olase, agonists of natriuretic peptide A and vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2, and a novel mi
108 aneous nerves and mRNA, for the VIP receptor vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor type 1, and vasoa
109 tive intestinal peptide receptor type 1, and vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor type 2 have been
110 tegration of stimulatory (Galpha(s)-mediated vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor) and inhibitory (
111 novel peptide with structural similarity to vasoactive intestinal peptide, regulates production of e
114 e product 9.5 (SGII[PGP9.5]) and peptidergic vasoactive intestinal peptide (SGII[VIP]), and cutaneous
116 cotropin-releasing hormone, neurotensin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide; small molecules include a
117 in number than either the cholecystokinin or vasoactive intestinal peptide subsets, overlapped 100% w
118 tters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P and histamine
119 9.5, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and tyrosine
121 stem cells, we found that costimulation with vasoactive intestinal peptide (V) and phorbol ester (P)
122 onal relationship between cfos expression in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) -containing neurons
123 ylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) activate two shared
127 ence experiments revealed that antibodies to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and calbindin-D28K (
128 used to determine the role of G proteins in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and carbachol-stimul
131 e in response to inhibitory neurotransmitter vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and direct electrica
132 spectum, are approximately 50% homologous to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and glucagon-like pe
133 opic double labeling immunocytochemistry for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and gonadotrophin-re
134 diated by the primary coupling neuropeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its canonical re
138 (SCG) dramatically increase their content of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its mRNA after a
140 HMG) cells were examined for the presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and muscarinic acety
148 We reported recently that the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenyl
150 activity in the visual cortex contains both vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (SS
151 o known immunosuppressive neuropeptides, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary ad
154 e of two immunomodulatory neuropeptides, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary ad
155 two structurally related neuropeptides, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary ad
160 /c mice were injected intraperitoneally with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) antagonist and simil
162 e cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are implicated in th
164 e cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are related neuropep
166 concentration efficiency for the target drug vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as conventional part
167 s from our laboratory have demonstrated that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) directly converts th
169 In contrast a peptide related to PACAP, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) failed to induce CRE
170 ylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family of peptides m
171 l with muscarinic agonists, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) functioning as effec
173 induction of expression of the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene is mediated by
174 ceptor subunit activate transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180 b
175 (TGF-beta) both induce transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180-b
176 (CNTF) potently induces transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180-b
186 a representative type of non-opioid peptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the amygdala to m
187 small proline-rich protein 1a (sprr1a), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) in the trigeminal ga
191 ubpopulations containing parvalbumin (PV) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) innervate distinct p
192 t principal excitatory (EXC) neurons and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) interneurons that su
193 One solution to this problem could be the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) interneurons, which
210 R IR occurs exclusively in 50% of submucosal vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons (interneuron
211 faceted approach in mice, we have identified vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons as a novel c
212 ed by sound, while visual responses of L2/L3 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons were suppres
213 n interneurons expressing Cre recombinase in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or parvalbumin (PV)
214 synthase (NOS), serotonin, substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or vesicular acetylc
216 hormone (GHRH) can potentially interact with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors (VPAC(1)-R
217 tested the hypothesis that the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) regulates adhesion m
219 cell line NBFL increased CNTF induction of a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) reporter gene, and i
221 ntaining choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) share characteristic
222 ng parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) show cell-type-speci
224 cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) suppress Langerhans
229 mpartment where the 5-HT4 agonist was added; vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was released only in
231 s calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were potent but less
233 rpose of this study was to determine whether vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a 28-amino acid neu
240 .5 (PGP 9.5), a general neuronal marker, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a sudomotor nerve f
241 cocultured with different concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), adult rat RPE cells
242 T2) to model HCMV reactivation, we show that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), an immunomodulatory
243 sion of the anti-inflammatory neuropeptides, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and pituitary adeny
244 G) dramatically increases levels of galanin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and substance P and
245 holinergic and alpha(1)-adrenergic agonists, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and the purinergic
246 against protein gene product (PGP)-9.5, SP, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydrox
247 opulations, expressing somatostatin (SOM) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), are active as popul
248 es (Abs) to an autoantigen, the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), by a covalently rea
249 ons processed for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-rel
250 neuronal markers including parvalbumin (PV), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calretinin, calbind
251 than 90% of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calretinin, or neur
252 d by silver-gold enhancement of staining for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), cholecystokinin (CC
254 t their regulation by neuropeptides, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), during Pseudomonas
256 iety of transmitters including nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin-releasing p
257 essing parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), or neuropeptide Y.
258 of neuropeptides of the family that includes vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine i
259 measure the neuropeptides substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate
261 ntal Cell, Nedvetsky et al. (2014) find that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secreted by parasym
262 al that locomotion increases the activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin (SST)
263 ma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (Vip), somatostatin (Sst),
265 ne-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), tyrosine hydroxylas
266 ctionally important neuropeptides, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), which drives light
267 geted to the inhibitory synapses made by the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)- and calretinin-posi
268 ow that disinhibitory circuits consisting of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing and somat
269 uble-label immunocytochemistry revealed that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing cells, bu
271 owever, targeting of somatostatin (SOM)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing INs led t
272 tional ErbB4 deletion, we tested the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing interneur
273 to light induces a gene program in cortical vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing neurons t
274 cuit inhibition and a subsequent increase in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-mediated disinhibiti
276 g animals revealed that locomotion activates vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-positive neurons in
277 sitive and calretinin (Cr)-positive (but not vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-positive) interneuro
278 inding of (125)I-JV-1-42 is not inhibited by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-related peptides sha
291 -Rs) with the selective agonist maxadilan or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/PACAP (VPAC) recepto
294 ass of interneurons in DS - those expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP-IN) -is unknown.
295 ments of synaptic activity in populations of vasoactive-intestinal peptide (VIP) interneurons express
297 of parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal peptide were decreased in hypoxic-
298 mmunohistochemistry demonstrated that TH and vasoactive intestinal peptide were detectable at P14 and
299 ioactive peptides, angiotensins I and II and vasoactive intestinal peptide, were also hydrolyzed rapi
300 for vesicular acetylcholine transporter and vasoactive intestinal peptide when they reached the ster