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1 azing land, 100% for ovolacto-vegetarian and vegan).
2 ters, and 20,544 vegetarians (including 2246 vegans).
3  meat-intensity, from current consumption to vegan.
4 n, pescovegetarian, lacto-ovovegetarian, and vegan.
5 ance, currently implemented in the R package vegan.
6 nefits and reduced health risks than being a vegan.
7 d a source of discomfort for others, such as vegans.
8 361 nonvegetarians, 570 vegetarians, and 102 vegans.
9 wer in lactoovovegetarians, and 26% lower in vegans.
10 s thermophilus, and typical soil microbes in vegans.
11 children remains incomplete, particularly in vegans.
12 itical dietary concern among vegetarians and vegans.
13 of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in vegans.
14 s are recommended for vegetarians, including vegans.
15 en meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans.
16 who ate fish but not meat), vegetarians, and vegans.
17 between long- and short-term vegetarians and vegans.
18  was lower for Milpa (-18.2%) but higher for vegan (+2.3%) and MHSDG (+5.1%) compared with current FB
19  acid concentrations were slightly higher in vegans (241, 234-247 micromol/l) than in meat eaters (23
20 lish children aged 5-10 y (63 vegetarian, 52 vegan, 72 matched omnivores) were assessed using anthrop
21 ew of 9 vitamins showed that elderly people, vegans, alcohol-dependent individuals, and patients with
22    Plant-based milks emerge as a healthy and vegan alternative for human diet, but these foodstuffs a
23 els of disordered eating were very low among vegans, although certain food choice motives were associ
24 terol decreased by 20.4 and 6.8 mg/dL in the vegan and conventional diet groups, respectively (P = 0.
25 edication adjustment were -0.40 and 0.01 for vegan and conventional diets, respectively (P = 0.03).
26 st available values were -0.34 and -0.14 for vegan and conventional diets, respectively (P = 0.43).
27 terol decreased by 13.5 and 3.4 mg/dL in the vegan and conventional groups, respectively (P = 0.03).
28 ts, and health outcomes of plant-only (e.g., vegan and fruitarian), plant-based (e.g., macrobiotic, l
29 st impact changes would be expected from the vegan and the ovo-lacto vegetarian diet.
30 nutrient adequacy, except for vitamin B12 in vegan and vegetarian baskets and vitamin D in all.
31 se in years to come due to the popularity of vegan and vegetarian diets and increased use of bariatri
32                             Low-carbohydrate vegan and vegetarian diets reduced body weight, improved
33                        Both low-carbohydrate vegan and vegetarian diets similarly but markedly reduce
34  their potential as a gelling ingredient for vegan and vegetarian products.
35 fied toothpaste on vitamin-status markers in vegans and assessed the efficiency of markers in the ide
36 composition in meat-eaters, vegetarians, and vegans and examined whether the proportions of eicosapen
37 sensory appeal, and nutritional benefits for vegans and lactose intolerant individuals.
38 n certain subpopulations such as vegetarians/vegans and older adults.
39                                              Vegans and other vegetarians who limit their intake of a
40 evidence is insufficient to warrant advising vegans and vegetarians to supplement their diets with EP
41 as meat-eaters (omnivores), non-meat-eaters (vegans and vegetarians), vegans, or nonvegans (lacto-ovo
42 cenarios (D-A-CH, UGB, ovo-lacto vegetarian, vegan) and with average nutrition from 20 years ago, dif
43 non-fish-eating meat-eaters, vegetarians, or vegans) and estimated conversion between dietary ALA and
44  (51 omnivores, 51 ovo-lacto-vegetarians, 51 vegans) and the inter-individual variability within diet
45 39%-94% (perennial forage cropland, 100% for vegan), and 26%-88% (grazing land, 100% for ovolacto-veg
46 xitarian; pescatarian; lacto-ovo-vegetarian; vegan), and conducted exploratory analyses (food diversi
47 a diet, and 3 plant-based diets (vegetarian, vegan, and pescatarian).
48 ian, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, vegan, and semi-vegetarian) and prostate cancer incidenc
49 mnivores, 29% among both semivegetarians and vegans, and 25% among lactovegetarians.
50 tation of both vitamin D and calcium, female vegans are at high risk of hip fracture.
51 es in diet pattern (omnivore, vegetarian and vegan) are reflected in gut microbiomes.
52 profiles of the 4 diet groups was seen, with vegans being noticeably different from the other groups
53 e, suggesting novel research lines improving vegan beverage formulations to increase average daily ir
54 dvocates, dog lovers, video game developers, vegans, bitcoin investors, conspiracy theorists, journal
55  describes the characterization of soy-based vegan burgers enriched with unconventional food plants (
56                                 Omnivore and vegan, but not EEN, diets altered fecal amino acid level
57                                 Reformulated vegan cakes presented significantly lower RS values than
58                                Oleogel-based vegan cheese properties were highly tuneable, with hardn
59 ing these parameters had on both oleogel and vegan cheese properties.
60                      Furthermore, oleogelled vegan cheese samples exhibited superior meltability whil
61 he control to as low as 2 % in oleogel-based vegan cheese samples.
62 gated to reduce the saturated fat content of vegan cheese.
63                           Hence, natural and vegan cheesy flavors are needed to aromatize the product
64 <50 g meat/d), fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans compared with high-meat eaters (>/=100 g meat/d)
65 mpared with non-meat-eaters and 92.5% of the vegans compared with nonvegans.
66                                              Vegans did not differ from nonvegetarians in functional
67         We compared the effects of a low-fat vegan diet and conventional diabetes diet recommendation
68                               Adherence to a vegan diet and food choice motives.
69 ale [82.3%]) were confirmed as adhering to a vegan diet and provided adequate food recalls, among who
70                               Adherence to a vegan diet and unprocessed and minimally processed foods
71 ontrolling for medication changes, a low-fat vegan diet appeared to improve glycemia and plasma lipid
72 ncerns regarding individuals who adhere to a vegan diet are whether they meet protein and essential a
73 his study, most individuals who adhered to a vegan diet attained protein and essential amino acid int
74 ts that, compared with an omnivorous diet, a vegan diet confers potential cardiovascular benefits fro
75 orted by the evidence and that a restrictive vegan diet decreases nutritional flexibility and robustn
76 omnivorous diet, the twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced significant mean (SD) decreases i
77 h sexes, aged 18 years or older, following a vegan diet for at least 6 months, currently living in Br
78                               In contrast, a vegan diet had a significant impact on the innate immune
79                      Individuals consuming a vegan diet had the highest serum concentrations of uric
80 fore tested the effect of a low-carbohydrate vegan diet in diabetes as a potentially healthier and mo
81  vegan diets in identical twins, the healthy vegan diet led to improved cardiometabolic outcomes comp
82  remains controversial whether adhering to a vegan diet may be associated with a higher prevalence of
83                                      Thus, a vegan diet may put the general population at increased r
84 in pairs were randomized to follow a healthy vegan diet or a healthy omnivorous diet for 8 weeks.
85 ts (aged 18 years or older) who adhered to a vegan diet recruited from social media platforms.
86 statistically significant association with a vegan diet remained only for the whites (HR: 0.63; 95% C
87 -45%), and freshwater use (14-27%), with the vegan diet showing the highest reduction potential.
88 earch is needed to confirm the adequacy of a vegan diet supplemented with calcium and vitamin D with
89 inical trial compared the health impact of a vegan diet vs an omnivorous diet in identical twins.
90 status of individuals habitually consuming a vegan diet was evaluated by biochemical, hematologic, an
91 pare the effectiveness of a low-carbohydrate vegan diet with a moderate-carbohydrate vegetarian diet
92 ions included a very low-fat (12% fat kcals) vegan diet with various supplements and lifestyle change
93 igned to advice on either a low-carbohydrate vegan diet, high in canola oil and plant proteins, or a
94 ng ketogenic diet compared with baseline and vegan diet.
95 .27 kgCO(2)/d) favoring the low-carbohydrate vegan diet.
96 participants followed a strict vegetarian or vegan diet.
97 gy or for individuals following a vegetarian/vegan diet.
98 e study population reported adherence to the vegan diet.
99 the duration of adherence to a vegetarian or vegan diet.
100  more feasible dietary changes, or optimized vegan dietary changes are all projected to result in sub
101 easible dietary modifications, and optimized vegan dietary changes in China, France, Germany, Iran, N
102  States males following changes to optimized vegan dietary changes.
103                                      In the "vegan" dietary scenario, nutrient density and water use
104 r the nutrient density and water use of the "vegan" dietary scenario.
105          Low-glycemic index and very low-fat vegan diets (with supplements and lifestyle changes) alt
106 ovided mainly by fish and so are absent from vegan diets and only present in trace amounts in vegetar
107                       Low-fat vegetarian and vegan diets are associated with weight loss, increased i
108                                              Vegan diets are not associated with an increased fractur
109 ore plant-based flexitarian, vegetarian, and vegan diets could lead to meaningful reductions in air p
110 es in individuals who consume vegetarian and vegan diets have shown a reduced risk of cardiovascular
111 the cardiometabolic effects of omnivorous vs vegan diets in identical twins, the healthy vegan diet l
112                                              Vegan diets may confer a lower risk of prostate cancer.
113   With computed food and supplement intakes, vegan diets provided significantly higher amounts of asc
114                                              Vegan diets showed a statistically significant protectiv
115        Compared with other vegetarian diets, vegan diets tend to contain less saturated fat and chole
116                                              Vegan diets were associated with a healthier cardiovascu
117 h suggests that vegetarian diets, especially vegan diets, are associated with lower bone mineral dens
118  that may impose restrictions, which include vegan diets, may help tailor interventions focused on pr
119 as well as growing demand for vegetarian and vegan diets.
120 egetarian children following very restricted vegan diets.
121 mentation the excessive risk associated with vegans disappeared.
122 use for HSDs was 23.6%-53.2% lower, with the vegan FBs showing the lowest impact.
123                                       Edible vegan films were obtained on the basis of furcellaran an
124    This research contributes to the field of vegan food product development by providing innovative r
125 idney bean protein (KBPM), aiming to enhance vegan food quality.
126 his aqueous lubricant, both in its dairy and vegan formulation against a range of widely available an
127 parated meat-eaters from non-meat-eaters and vegans from nonvegans.
128 e meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans from the Oxford arm of the European Prospective I
129                                          The vegan frozen dessert formulation obtained with 40% oats,
130 tly different between groups (-4.4 kg in the vegan group and -3.0 kg in the conventional diet group,
131  excluded and 159 were randomized (77 to the vegan group and 82 to the omni group).
132  mg/dL [95% CI, -9.52 to 4.40 mg/dL] for the vegan group vs -0.79 mg/dL [95% CI, -7.98 to 6.40 mg/dL]
133 -2.39 kg [95% CI, -3.48 to -1.30 kg] for the vegan group vs -2.03 kg [95% CI, -3.07 to -1.00 kg] for
134  mg/dL [95% CI, -9.60 to 7.50 mg/dL] for the vegan group vs 1.66 mg/dL [95% CI, -7.20 to 10.50 mg/dL]
135 alcium and vitamin D supplementation, female vegans had 55% higher risk of hip fracture (HR: 1.55; 95
136 n that of the nonvegetarians and 9 of the 25 vegans had a BMI <19.
137 ogistic regression analyses, self-identified vegans had a significantly lower risk of overweight or o
138                                              Vegans had lower fat indices in all regions but similar
139 sectional analyses of study data showed that vegans had lower total- and LDL-cholesterol concentratio
140                                              Vegans had significantly lower leukocyte, lymphocyte, an
141 eat eaters, poultry eaters, fish eaters, and vegans had significantly lower platelet counts and highe
142 een diet groups were most pronounced in men; vegans had the highest concentration (340, 95% confidenc
143         In the vast majority of these cases, vegans had the lowest concentration, whereas meat eaters
144  that 1) running distance in vegetarians and vegans has the same relation to HDL cholesterol (increas
145  analysis, showing that some vegetarians and vegans have higher environmental impacts than those of s
146                    Few reports indicate that vegans have inadequate iodine intake while at the same t
147                              Vegetarians and vegans have lower proportions of DHA in blood and tissue
148 equiring an emergency appendectomy, and that vegans in Britain may be at risk for iodine deficiency.
149    Micronutrients of special concern for the vegan include vitamins B-12 and D, calcium, and long-cha
150 mnivores; and risk of CVD in vegetarians and vegans is approximately one-third that in omnivores.
151                                              Vegans, lacto-ovovegetarians, and pescovegetarians were
152 hat tumor biology can be altered by either a vegan low-fat diet or eliminating simple carbohydrates a
153  that compared low-carbohydrate, vegetarian, vegan, low-glycemic index (GI), high-fiber, Mediterranea
154 rs, 425 fish eaters, 422 vegetarians and 422 vegans, matched on age and sex) from the European Prospe
155       In some cases, iron and zinc status of vegans may also be of concern because of the limited bio
156  evidence that vegetarians, and particularly vegans, may be at greater risk of lower BMD and fracture
157 leogel preparation and spirulina addition in vegan meatballs on the formation of lipid oxidation and
158 n concentrations were significantly lower in vegan men but iron and zinc status did not differ betwee
159 m different habitual diet groups, especially vegan men compared with men who consume animal products.
160 45 men and 75 women) complying with habitual vegan (n = 43), vegetarian (n = 24 + vegetarians adding
161 rs (n = 10,042), vegetarians (n = 6548), and vegans (n = 398) of white ethnicity and meat eaters (n =
162 ns (n = 960), lactovegetarians (n = 159), or vegans (n = 83), and this question was the main exposure
163 ysis of the impact of three divergent diets, vegan, omnivore, and a synthetic enteral nutrition (EEN)
164 iversity, and the (lacto-ovo) vegetarian and vegan optimized diets were prone to nutritional inadequa
165 d in patients with multiple foods allergies, vegan or ethnic-specific diets, in whom nuts are an impo
166 of the 20 participants sequentially consumed vegan or ketogenic diets for 2 weeks ( NCT03878108 ).
167  twins (N = 44) randomized participants to a vegan or omnivorous diet (1 twin per diet).
168 s human subjects produced more TMAO than did vegans or vegetarians following ingestion of L-carnitine
169  either emphasized no animal product intake (vegan) or a low-fat omnivorous diet (omni).
170 ), non-meat-eaters (vegans and vegetarians), vegans, or nonvegans (lacto-ovo-vegetarians, vegetarians
171 .24; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.58), and when excluding vegan participants (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.43).
172 n this case presentation, we present a young vegan patient who developed a CRVO secondary to severe i
173 s were classified into 3 dietary scenarios: "vegan," "pescatarian," and "omnivorous." Then, the relat
174                   In the vegetarians and the vegans, plasma DHA was inversely correlated with plasma
175 na can serve as effective fat substitutes in vegan product formulations, offering improved quality an
176      Apple cider vinegar (ACV) is a natural, vegan product that has been shown to have powerful antim
177              Milk-type beverages are popular vegan products requiring iron and calcium fortification
178 Seaweed is a promising sustainable source of vegan protein as its farming does not require arable lan
179                     Using the adiv 2.0.1 and vegan R packages, we identified significant differences
180 ed, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 76 vegans received either a placebo (n = 34) or vitamin B-1
181                                       Unless vegans regularly consume foods that are fortified with t
182 46, 0.86), but the multivariate HR for black vegans showed a similar but nonsignificant point estimat
183 ations did not differ; however, 10 of the 25 vegans showed a vitamin B-12 deficit manifested by macro
184                                  Conversely, vegan signature microbes were correlated with favourable
185 an Society was founded in 1908 and the first vegan society began in 1944.
186 timated risk is seen in both white and black vegan subjects, although in the latter, the CI is wider
187 12 nonvegans and the presence of the same in vegans suggest that dietary meat proteins might not have
188 plement use with both vitamin D and calcium, vegans taking both supplements were at no greater risk o
189                                              Vegans tend to be thinner, have lower serum cholesterol,
190 etary records, the intake of female and male vegans tended to be lower in fat, saturated fat, monouns
191  fatty acids are lower in vegetarians and in vegans than in omnivores.
192 re of arterial aging, appears to be lower in vegans than in omnivores; and risk of CVD in vegetarians
193 DHA were lower in the vegetarians and in the vegans than in the meat-eaters, whereas only small diffe
194 resulting data was resolved using MOTHUR and vegan to identify bacterial taxa and evaluate changes in
195 ter accounting for body size but remained in vegans (total body minus the head: -3.7%; 95% CI: -7.0,
196 t of habitual dietary patterns, specifically Vegan, Typical American, and Ketogenic diets, all very c
197 functional units (mass and energy), we model vegan, vegetarian, and flexitarian scenarios, each based
198  used as an objective method to discriminate vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diets.
199 AO generation was observed in omnivores over vegans/vegetarians (>20-fold; P = 0.001) following oral
200 carnitine and gammaBB levels were similar in vegans/vegetarians (n = 32) versus omnivores (n = 40).
201 supplementation, revealed that omnivores and vegans/vegetarians alike rapidly converted carnitine to
202                                Omnivores and vegans/vegetarians ingested deuterium-labeled l-carnitin
203 mnivores, and to a markedly lower extent, in vegans/vegetarians.
204 The body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) of the vegans was significantly lower than that of the nonveget
205                                              Vegans were shorter and had lower total LDL (-24 mg/dL;
206 time since the subjects became vegetarian or vegan, which ranged from <1 y to >20 y.
207 nmental impacts of ovo-lacto-vegetarians and vegans, which also had diets more adherent to the Medite
208 cts the vitamin B-12 markers in the blood of vegans who are at higher risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency
209  vitamin B-12 markers were more prominent in vegans who reported that they had not taken vitamin B-12
210 ferritin, and low HDL were more prevalent in vegans, who also had the lowest prevalence of high LDL.
211 ntified semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women have a lower risk of overweight and obesity
212 rations (difference not significant in white vegan women) and were generally more likely to have anem
213 defined semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women.

 
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