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1 azing land, 100% for ovolacto-vegetarian and vegan).
2 ters, and 20,544 vegetarians (including 2246 vegans).
3 meat-intensity, from current consumption to vegan.
4 n, pescovegetarian, lacto-ovovegetarian, and vegan.
5 ance, currently implemented in the R package vegan.
6 nefits and reduced health risks than being a vegan.
7 d a source of discomfort for others, such as vegans.
8 361 nonvegetarians, 570 vegetarians, and 102 vegans.
9 wer in lactoovovegetarians, and 26% lower in vegans.
10 s thermophilus, and typical soil microbes in vegans.
11 children remains incomplete, particularly in vegans.
12 itical dietary concern among vegetarians and vegans.
13 of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in vegans.
14 s are recommended for vegetarians, including vegans.
15 en meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans.
16 who ate fish but not meat), vegetarians, and vegans.
17 between long- and short-term vegetarians and vegans.
18 was lower for Milpa (-18.2%) but higher for vegan (+2.3%) and MHSDG (+5.1%) compared with current FB
19 acid concentrations were slightly higher in vegans (241, 234-247 micromol/l) than in meat eaters (23
20 lish children aged 5-10 y (63 vegetarian, 52 vegan, 72 matched omnivores) were assessed using anthrop
21 ew of 9 vitamins showed that elderly people, vegans, alcohol-dependent individuals, and patients with
22 Plant-based milks emerge as a healthy and vegan alternative for human diet, but these foodstuffs a
23 els of disordered eating were very low among vegans, although certain food choice motives were associ
24 terol decreased by 20.4 and 6.8 mg/dL in the vegan and conventional diet groups, respectively (P = 0.
25 edication adjustment were -0.40 and 0.01 for vegan and conventional diets, respectively (P = 0.03).
26 st available values were -0.34 and -0.14 for vegan and conventional diets, respectively (P = 0.43).
27 terol decreased by 13.5 and 3.4 mg/dL in the vegan and conventional groups, respectively (P = 0.03).
28 ts, and health outcomes of plant-only (e.g., vegan and fruitarian), plant-based (e.g., macrobiotic, l
31 se in years to come due to the popularity of vegan and vegetarian diets and increased use of bariatri
35 fied toothpaste on vitamin-status markers in vegans and assessed the efficiency of markers in the ide
36 composition in meat-eaters, vegetarians, and vegans and examined whether the proportions of eicosapen
40 evidence is insufficient to warrant advising vegans and vegetarians to supplement their diets with EP
41 as meat-eaters (omnivores), non-meat-eaters (vegans and vegetarians), vegans, or nonvegans (lacto-ovo
42 cenarios (D-A-CH, UGB, ovo-lacto vegetarian, vegan) and with average nutrition from 20 years ago, dif
43 non-fish-eating meat-eaters, vegetarians, or vegans) and estimated conversion between dietary ALA and
44 (51 omnivores, 51 ovo-lacto-vegetarians, 51 vegans) and the inter-individual variability within diet
45 39%-94% (perennial forage cropland, 100% for vegan), and 26%-88% (grazing land, 100% for ovolacto-veg
46 xitarian; pescatarian; lacto-ovo-vegetarian; vegan), and conducted exploratory analyses (food diversi
48 ian, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, vegan, and semi-vegetarian) and prostate cancer incidenc
52 profiles of the 4 diet groups was seen, with vegans being noticeably different from the other groups
53 e, suggesting novel research lines improving vegan beverage formulations to increase average daily ir
54 dvocates, dog lovers, video game developers, vegans, bitcoin investors, conspiracy theorists, journal
55 describes the characterization of soy-based vegan burgers enriched with unconventional food plants (
64 <50 g meat/d), fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans compared with high-meat eaters (>/=100 g meat/d)
69 ale [82.3%]) were confirmed as adhering to a vegan diet and provided adequate food recalls, among who
71 ontrolling for medication changes, a low-fat vegan diet appeared to improve glycemia and plasma lipid
72 ncerns regarding individuals who adhere to a vegan diet are whether they meet protein and essential a
73 his study, most individuals who adhered to a vegan diet attained protein and essential amino acid int
74 ts that, compared with an omnivorous diet, a vegan diet confers potential cardiovascular benefits fro
75 orted by the evidence and that a restrictive vegan diet decreases nutritional flexibility and robustn
76 omnivorous diet, the twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced significant mean (SD) decreases i
77 h sexes, aged 18 years or older, following a vegan diet for at least 6 months, currently living in Br
80 fore tested the effect of a low-carbohydrate vegan diet in diabetes as a potentially healthier and mo
81 vegan diets in identical twins, the healthy vegan diet led to improved cardiometabolic outcomes comp
82 remains controversial whether adhering to a vegan diet may be associated with a higher prevalence of
84 in pairs were randomized to follow a healthy vegan diet or a healthy omnivorous diet for 8 weeks.
86 statistically significant association with a vegan diet remained only for the whites (HR: 0.63; 95% C
88 earch is needed to confirm the adequacy of a vegan diet supplemented with calcium and vitamin D with
89 inical trial compared the health impact of a vegan diet vs an omnivorous diet in identical twins.
90 status of individuals habitually consuming a vegan diet was evaluated by biochemical, hematologic, an
91 pare the effectiveness of a low-carbohydrate vegan diet with a moderate-carbohydrate vegetarian diet
92 ions included a very low-fat (12% fat kcals) vegan diet with various supplements and lifestyle change
93 igned to advice on either a low-carbohydrate vegan diet, high in canola oil and plant proteins, or a
100 more feasible dietary changes, or optimized vegan dietary changes are all projected to result in sub
101 easible dietary modifications, and optimized vegan dietary changes in China, France, Germany, Iran, N
106 ovided mainly by fish and so are absent from vegan diets and only present in trace amounts in vegetar
109 ore plant-based flexitarian, vegetarian, and vegan diets could lead to meaningful reductions in air p
110 es in individuals who consume vegetarian and vegan diets have shown a reduced risk of cardiovascular
111 the cardiometabolic effects of omnivorous vs vegan diets in identical twins, the healthy vegan diet l
113 With computed food and supplement intakes, vegan diets provided significantly higher amounts of asc
117 h suggests that vegetarian diets, especially vegan diets, are associated with lower bone mineral dens
118 that may impose restrictions, which include vegan diets, may help tailor interventions focused on pr
124 This research contributes to the field of vegan food product development by providing innovative r
126 his aqueous lubricant, both in its dairy and vegan formulation against a range of widely available an
128 e meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans from the Oxford arm of the European Prospective I
130 tly different between groups (-4.4 kg in the vegan group and -3.0 kg in the conventional diet group,
132 mg/dL [95% CI, -9.52 to 4.40 mg/dL] for the vegan group vs -0.79 mg/dL [95% CI, -7.98 to 6.40 mg/dL]
133 -2.39 kg [95% CI, -3.48 to -1.30 kg] for the vegan group vs -2.03 kg [95% CI, -3.07 to -1.00 kg] for
134 mg/dL [95% CI, -9.60 to 7.50 mg/dL] for the vegan group vs 1.66 mg/dL [95% CI, -7.20 to 10.50 mg/dL]
135 alcium and vitamin D supplementation, female vegans had 55% higher risk of hip fracture (HR: 1.55; 95
137 ogistic regression analyses, self-identified vegans had a significantly lower risk of overweight or o
139 sectional analyses of study data showed that vegans had lower total- and LDL-cholesterol concentratio
141 eat eaters, poultry eaters, fish eaters, and vegans had significantly lower platelet counts and highe
142 een diet groups were most pronounced in men; vegans had the highest concentration (340, 95% confidenc
144 that 1) running distance in vegetarians and vegans has the same relation to HDL cholesterol (increas
145 analysis, showing that some vegetarians and vegans have higher environmental impacts than those of s
148 equiring an emergency appendectomy, and that vegans in Britain may be at risk for iodine deficiency.
149 Micronutrients of special concern for the vegan include vitamins B-12 and D, calcium, and long-cha
150 mnivores; and risk of CVD in vegetarians and vegans is approximately one-third that in omnivores.
152 hat tumor biology can be altered by either a vegan low-fat diet or eliminating simple carbohydrates a
153 that compared low-carbohydrate, vegetarian, vegan, low-glycemic index (GI), high-fiber, Mediterranea
154 rs, 425 fish eaters, 422 vegetarians and 422 vegans, matched on age and sex) from the European Prospe
156 evidence that vegetarians, and particularly vegans, may be at greater risk of lower BMD and fracture
157 leogel preparation and spirulina addition in vegan meatballs on the formation of lipid oxidation and
158 n concentrations were significantly lower in vegan men but iron and zinc status did not differ betwee
159 m different habitual diet groups, especially vegan men compared with men who consume animal products.
160 45 men and 75 women) complying with habitual vegan (n = 43), vegetarian (n = 24 + vegetarians adding
161 rs (n = 10,042), vegetarians (n = 6548), and vegans (n = 398) of white ethnicity and meat eaters (n =
162 ns (n = 960), lactovegetarians (n = 159), or vegans (n = 83), and this question was the main exposure
163 ysis of the impact of three divergent diets, vegan, omnivore, and a synthetic enteral nutrition (EEN)
164 iversity, and the (lacto-ovo) vegetarian and vegan optimized diets were prone to nutritional inadequa
165 d in patients with multiple foods allergies, vegan or ethnic-specific diets, in whom nuts are an impo
166 of the 20 participants sequentially consumed vegan or ketogenic diets for 2 weeks ( NCT03878108 ).
168 s human subjects produced more TMAO than did vegans or vegetarians following ingestion of L-carnitine
170 ), non-meat-eaters (vegans and vegetarians), vegans, or nonvegans (lacto-ovo-vegetarians, vegetarians
172 n this case presentation, we present a young vegan patient who developed a CRVO secondary to severe i
173 s were classified into 3 dietary scenarios: "vegan," "pescatarian," and "omnivorous." Then, the relat
175 na can serve as effective fat substitutes in vegan product formulations, offering improved quality an
176 Apple cider vinegar (ACV) is a natural, vegan product that has been shown to have powerful antim
178 Seaweed is a promising sustainable source of vegan protein as its farming does not require arable lan
180 ed, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 76 vegans received either a placebo (n = 34) or vitamin B-1
182 46, 0.86), but the multivariate HR for black vegans showed a similar but nonsignificant point estimat
183 ations did not differ; however, 10 of the 25 vegans showed a vitamin B-12 deficit manifested by macro
186 timated risk is seen in both white and black vegan subjects, although in the latter, the CI is wider
187 12 nonvegans and the presence of the same in vegans suggest that dietary meat proteins might not have
188 plement use with both vitamin D and calcium, vegans taking both supplements were at no greater risk o
190 etary records, the intake of female and male vegans tended to be lower in fat, saturated fat, monouns
192 re of arterial aging, appears to be lower in vegans than in omnivores; and risk of CVD in vegetarians
193 DHA were lower in the vegetarians and in the vegans than in the meat-eaters, whereas only small diffe
194 resulting data was resolved using MOTHUR and vegan to identify bacterial taxa and evaluate changes in
195 ter accounting for body size but remained in vegans (total body minus the head: -3.7%; 95% CI: -7.0,
196 t of habitual dietary patterns, specifically Vegan, Typical American, and Ketogenic diets, all very c
197 functional units (mass and energy), we model vegan, vegetarian, and flexitarian scenarios, each based
199 AO generation was observed in omnivores over vegans/vegetarians (>20-fold; P = 0.001) following oral
200 carnitine and gammaBB levels were similar in vegans/vegetarians (n = 32) versus omnivores (n = 40).
201 supplementation, revealed that omnivores and vegans/vegetarians alike rapidly converted carnitine to
204 The body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) of the vegans was significantly lower than that of the nonveget
207 nmental impacts of ovo-lacto-vegetarians and vegans, which also had diets more adherent to the Medite
208 cts the vitamin B-12 markers in the blood of vegans who are at higher risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency
209 vitamin B-12 markers were more prominent in vegans who reported that they had not taken vitamin B-12
210 ferritin, and low HDL were more prevalent in vegans, who also had the lowest prevalence of high LDL.
211 ntified semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women have a lower risk of overweight and obesity
212 rations (difference not significant in white vegan women) and were generally more likely to have anem