ライフサイエンスコーパス: vegetative cell

1 ns (virus, protein toxins, bacterial spores, vegetative cells).

2 .g., eukaryotic cells, membranes of Bacillus vegetative cells).

3 iately after fertilization and in the pollen vegetative cell.

4 to withstand stresses that typically kill a vegetative cell.

5 transcripts were also present in the larger vegetative cell.

6 a seed storage protein to the vacuoles of a vegetative cell.

7 ube, and two sperm cells enclosed within the vegetative cell.

8 wo haploid sperm cells enclosed in a haploid vegetative cell.

9 contains two sperm cells inside a supporting vegetative cell.

10 independently of its reproductive context in vegetative cells.

11 nonrandom spacing pattern along the chain of vegetative cells.

12 without lysis and localizing to the septa of vegetative cells.

13 use disease unless they germinate and become vegetative cells.

14 REC8, was not subject to Scc3 regulation in vegetative cells.

15 with no differentiation into generative and vegetative cells.

16 he wild type the intervals were less than 25 vegetative cells.

17 c exchange reactions between heterocysts and vegetative cells.

18 e of the sso1 mutant and can replace SEC9 in vegetative cells.

19 important for initiation of DNA synthesis in vegetative cells.

20 wever, spores must germinate and grow out as vegetative cells.

21 tein secretion, growth, and the viability of vegetative cells.

22 terminal pores that connect heterocysts with vegetative cells.

23 when mice were inoculated intravenously with vegetative cells.

24 ient to induce somatic embryo development in vegetative cells.

25 parated by approximately 10 undifferentiated vegetative cells.

26 e vanadate transport genes were expressed in vegetative cells.

27 for the overall functions of the complex in vegetative cells.

28 t in Bacillus anthracis spores but absent in vegetative cells.

29 tent (late night) enriched in the nucleus in vegetative cells.

30 f Spo20p, will not support vesicle fusion in vegetative cells.

31 localizes with Taz1p to telomeres in normal vegetative cells.

32 PO14, also promotes the function of SPO20 in vegetative cells.

33 surface layer protein of Bacillus anthracis vegetative cells.

34 ghter cells have half the chromosomal DNA of vegetative cells.

35 ufficient to induce embryonic development in vegetative cells.

36 ly and supply the products of N2 fixation to vegetative cells.

37 te undergoes meiosis that gives rise to four vegetative cells.

38 n resistance mutations distinct from that of vegetative cells.

39 nfirmed a role for MMS4 in DNA metabolism of vegetative cells.

40 identified due to its sensitivity to MMS in vegetative cells.

41 isolated a new mutation of rpoB, H482R, from vegetative cells.

42 le heterocysts separated by approximately 10 vegetative cells.

43 , Nif2, functions under anoxic conditions in vegetative cells.

44 from the DNA damage checkpoints operating in vegetative cells.

45 translocation to flagella in gametes but not vegetative cells.

46 tes to maintenance of cell wall integrity in vegetative cells.

47 required for efficient activation of PLD in vegetative cells.

48 y, the N terminus of Spo20p is inhibitory in vegetative cells.

49 g heterocysts separated by approximately ten vegetative cells.

50 ble during mating but rapidly turned over in vegetative cells.

51 ng heterocysts separated by approximately 10 vegetative cells.

52 iated with the membrane when overproduced in vegetative cells.

53 sF-dependent excision of the fdxN element in vegetative cells.

54 with a pattern of one heterocyst every 10-12 vegetative cells.

55 separate within minutes after duplication in vegetative cells.

56 suppressed the lethality of NDJ1-expressing vegetative cells.

57 and transfer the fixed nitrogen to adjacent vegetative cells.

58 transcript, inhibiting cum1(+) expression in vegetative cells.

59 tion of cum1(+) sense mRNA in copper-limited vegetative cells.

60 d by an antisense transcription mechanism in vegetative cells.

61 zed, producing aspartate and arginine in the vegetative cells.

62 come more than 6000 times more abundant than vegetative cells.

63 vegetative cells and between heterocysts and vegetative cells.

64 ficantly lower levels in heterocysts than in vegetative cells.

65 can trigger growth arrest and cell death in vegetative cells.

66 terior of the nucleus in both live and fixed vegetative cells.

67 o provide a mobile carrier, arginine, to the vegetative cells.

68 On the ventral surface of non-polarized vegetative cells, a broad ring of F actin periodically a

69 orms single heterocysts about every 10 to 15 vegetative cells along filaments.

70 porting sperm during pollen tube growth, the vegetative cell also contributes transcripts to the sper

71 Induction of sigmaF synthesis in vegetative cells also resulted in katX-lacZ expression,

72 Vegetative cell and spore lysates of wild-type Sterne an

73 e is intercellular communication between the vegetative cell and the sperm cells.

74 opsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contain a large vegetative cell and two smaller sperm cells.

75 g frt::gfp fusions showed high expression in vegetative cells and akinetes, variable expression in ho

76 devH transcripts are barely detectable in vegetative cells and are induced approximately fivefold

77 Heterocysts differentiate from vegetative cells and are specialized for nitrogen fixati

78 GFP-FtsL was localized at mid-cell in vegetative cells and at the asymmetric septum in sporula

79 annels that breach the peptidoglycan between vegetative cells and between heterocysts and vegetative

80 Both vegetative cells and germinating spores are susceptible.

81 present in the genome are expressed in both vegetative cells and heterocysts but do not seem to have

82 nality of the filament, as an association of vegetative cells and heterocysts, is postulated to depen

83 ally in the case of calcein transfer between vegetative cells and heterocysts.

84 ignal, which confers nuclear localization in vegetative cells and in cells entering meiosis.

85 Expression of csgA is low in vegetative cells and increases during development.

86 r the mitochondria and vacuoles of sperm and vegetative cells and is at variance with the claim that

87 B. subtilis, is present at similar levels in vegetative cells and spores ( approximately 5 x 10(4) mo

88 Single vegetative cells and spores of Bacillus atrophaeus, form

89 of various chemical compounds, enzymes, and vegetative cells and spores of microorganisms in various

90 ent in molar excess relative to RNAP in both vegetative cells and spores.

91 hesin system is not essential for mitosis in vegetative cells and suggests that plants may contain a

92 t Spo12p is also localized to the nucleus in vegetative cells and that its level peaks during G2/M.

93 RY within the algal cell body varies between vegetative cells and the different cell types of gametog

94 prevent cyanophage infection of Anabaena sp. vegetative cells and the formation of a functional heter

95 n between two cell types: the photosynthetic vegetative cells and the nitrogen-fixing heterocysts.

96 Membranes were enriched from spheroplasts of vegetative cells and then separated into three peaks on

97 s express significant levels of IME1 even in vegetative cells and this unscheduled expression results

98 en a lethal challenge of B. anthracis Sterne vegetative cells and to rabbits given a lethal challenge

99 t CALK was present as a 78/80-kDa doublet in vegetative cells and unactivated gametes of both mating

100 as approximately 5 times larger than that of vegetative cells and were motile in fluids with a viscos

101 s were spiked with Bacillus anthracis Sterne vegetative cells and Yersinia pestis, while water was sp

102 c expression activates zygote development in vegetative cells and, in a diploid background, the resul

103 rizing the peptidoglycan (PG) strands of the vegetative-cell and spore walls.

104 from developing pollen: the sperm cell, the vegetative cell, and their precursor, the postmeiotic mi

105 into starvation, gbpB mRNA levels highest in vegetative cells, and gbpD levels highest at 8 h.

106 transport of amino acids from heterocysts to vegetative cells, and reciprocally, the transport of sug

107 ndency on these enzymes is similar in sperm, vegetative cells, and somatic tissues, although DRM acti

108 rge majority of the asgE transcript found in vegetative cells appears to be monocistronic.

109 The resulting vegetative cells are believed to fill empty niches left

110 that functions under anaerobic conditions in vegetative cells are under the control of the promoter f

111 loid nuclei (n + n), most Armillaria gallica vegetative cells are uninucleate.

112 nregulation of HetR levels occurs rapidly in vegetative cells, as well as developing heterocysts.

113 els of CG methylation in wild-type sperm and vegetative cells, as well as in wild-type microspores fr

114 They differentiate from vegetative cells at regular intervals along each filamen

115 ur microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) in vegetative cells: basal bodies (BBs), macronuclear envel

116 Exchange among vegetative cells becomes faster as filaments differentia

117 In vegetative cells, bursts are scarce but preferentially o

118 sphatase, is specifically transcribed in the vegetative cell but predominantly translated in sperm ce

119 tion at Tyr-53 (pY53-actin), which is low in vegetative cells but high in viable mature spores.

120 ity similar to that of ciprofloxacin against vegetative cells but not against spores.

121 ysis showed katB to be expressed only in the vegetative cells but not in heterocysts.

122 EFR, transcripts from eEF2 were detected in vegetative cells but were present at lower concentration

123 in the progenitor generative cell or in the vegetative cell, but it is also active in ovules, roots,

124 Cpd2 is also found in somatic nuclei in vegetative cells, but is dispensable for growth and nucl

125 The Mer2 protein is present in vegetative cells, but it increases in abundance and beco

126 formly distributed on the plasma membrane of vegetative cells, but pheromone induces its polarization

127 Both H1-1 and H1-2 are expressed in vegetative cells, but the two genes exhibit very differe

128 ve agent of anthrax, replicates as chains of vegetative cells by regulating the separation of septal

129 tive autoregulatory loop and is repressed in vegetative cells by Sum1.

130 e redefined the wall composition of S. pombe vegetative cells by this new method.

131 In many filamentous cyanobacteria, vegetative cells can differentiate into heterocysts, cel

132 In addition, photosynthetic, vegetative cells can form cytosolic LDs and much less in

133 in the surface architecture of C. difficile vegetative cells can play a significant role in disease.

134 of similar sequences, and lack of DEMETER in vegetative cells causes reduced small RNA-directed DNA m

135 Each vegetative cell contains two nuclei: a somatic, transcri

136 ly more resistant to wet heat than are their vegetative cell counterparts.

137 This article reviews wall biogenesis in vegetative cells, covering the structure of wall compone

138 EFR transcripts were not detected in vegetative cell cultures but rapidly increased about 6 h

139 These polypeptides colocalize throughout the vegetative cell cycle as they bind cytoplasmic microtubu

140 important both for completion of the normal vegetative cell cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fo

141 omyces cerevisiae and for departure from the vegetative cell cycle upon nitrogen deprivation.

142 fect on DNA damage repair during the haploid vegetative cell cycle.

143 isolate Zea mays sperm free of contaminating vegetative cell cytoplasm, and constructed a cDNA librar

144 mes predominate and are stably maintained in vegetative cells, despite their lack of known replicatio

145 o programmed cell death (PCD) whereby 80% of vegetative cells die.

146 small bitopic membrane protein required for vegetative cell division and sporulation in Bacillus sub

147 ad51 null progeny fail to initiate the first vegetative cell division following conjugal development.

148 ere we present evidence that in M. polyspora vegetative cell division has taken on a minor, and appar

149 DivIVA controls both the positioning of the vegetative cell division site and the polar attachment o

150 The RFB is inactive during vegetative cell divisions, suggesting a role in the form

151 In vegetative cells, DivIVA sequesters the MinCD division i

152 Above 45 degrees C, concentrations of vegetative cells drop two orders of magnitude and endosp

153 ch protein preferentially transcribed in the vegetative cell during pollen maturation.

154 moter, AtVEX1 (At5g62580), was active in the vegetative cell during the later stages of pollen develo

155 ependent of additional sporulation proteins; vegetative cells engineered to divide near a pole seques

156 Vegetative cells express basal levels of MID.

157 Upon germination, the vegetative cell extrudes a pollen tube that carries the

158 ed for site-directed mutants of the [2Fe-2S] vegetative cell ferredoxin (Fd) from Anabaena PCC 7120,

159 e frequency and pattern of heterocysts along vegetative cell filaments.

160 ways are the only major factors that prevent vegetative cells from differentiating into heterocysts w

161 virulence factor expression (which protects vegetative cells from immune surveillance during outgrow

162 ted living egg cells, sperm cells and pollen vegetative cells from Oryza sativa (rice), and identifie

163 In vegetative cells, Fus3-GFP was found in both the cytopla

164 sites within the chloroplast genome between vegetative cells, gametes, and rifampicin-treated cells

165 In vegetative cells grown on nitrate, the 5' end of a trans

166 idermal cells, an exquisite model system for vegetative cell growth analyses in intact tissues.

167 The prp31-E1 mutant is defective in vegetative cell growth and in meiotic progression.

168 human host-defense peptide LL-37 in blocking vegetative cell growth and inhibiting spore outgrowth.

169 elevated during macronuclear S phase during vegetative cell growth and with both meiotic prophase an

170 signaling proteins with roles in pollen and vegetative cell growth, abscisic acid signal transductio

171 CNA1 is required for vegetative cell growth.

172 able treatments and concomitant virulence of vegetative cells has made it imperative to develop newer

173 llular prokaryotes, in which heterocysts and vegetative cells have complementary metabolism and are m

174 All vegetative cells have RhT activity, but during developme

175 incipal nitrogen carrier from heterocysts to vegetative cells in Anabaena.

176 rogen-limiting conditions, a fraction of the vegetative cells in each filament terminally differentia

177 imiting conditions, approximately 10% of the vegetative cells in filaments of the cyanobacterium Anab

178 asb mutant grew to a very limited extent as vegetative cells in iron-depleted medium.

179 rations, which is required for the growth of vegetative cells in minimal media at very low inoculum d

180 to A/J mice, as indicated by the presence of vegetative cells in the spleen and blood of animals 48 h

181 tract and detect anthrax DNA from spores and vegetative cells in two steps within 1 min is described.

182 fusion protein localized to the periphery of vegetative cells in vivo, but lost this association foll

183 postembryonic expression of the LEC1 gene in vegetative cells induces the expression of embryo-specif

184 Ectopic synthesis of Ndt80 in vegetative cells induces transcription of these genes, a

185 Third, production of Hed1 in vegetative cells inhibits Rad51-dependent recombination

186 The data indicate that RRG-1 controls vegetative cell integrity, hyperosmotic sensitivity, fun

187 yst frequency and a fourfold decrease in the vegetative cell interval between heterocysts.

188 Filaments containing these unusually long vegetative cell intervals between heterocysts also conta

189 across surfaces following differentiation of vegetative cells into elongated hyperflagellated swarm c

190 Swarming involves differentiation of vegetative cells into hyperflagellated swarm cells that

191 atS and hetN suppress the differentiation of vegetative cells into nitrogen-fixing heterocysts to est

192 the differentiation of semiregularly spaced vegetative cells into specialized cells called heterocys

193 lex cellular differentiation from rod-shaped vegetative cells into spherical spores is unknown.

194 erium Nostoc punctiforme differentiates from vegetative cells into three distinct cell types, heteroc

195 results, indicate that the level of AsgE in vegetative cells is sufficient for this protein to carry

196 ck protein production, expression of crs1 in vegetative cells is toxic.

197 Expression of Ime2 in vegetative cells leads to an unscheduled RPA phosphoryla

198 a(G), and induction of sigma(G) synthesis in vegetative cells led to synthesis of gerK mRNA.

199 DRM activity extends into heterochromatin in vegetative cells, likely reflecting transcription of het

200 Rec8 expressed in vegetative cells localizes to chromosomal arms and to th

201 genase gene cluster, nifII, was expressed in vegetative cells long before heterocysts formed.

202 d that in both equal and unequal divisions a vegetative cell marker gene was activated in both daught

203 with the claim that AtTIP5;1 is localized in vegetative cell mitochondria.

204 Fbh1 constrains homologous recombination in vegetative cells, most likely through an ability to disp

205 ile in fluids with a viscosity that inhibits vegetative cell motility.

206 In vegetative cells, mutation of DOT1 results in delocaliza

207 When produced ectopically in vegetative cells, Ndj1 caused SPB separation defects and

208 In WT vegetative cell nuclei, genetically unlinked ribosomal D

209 In cdc48a mutant vegetative cell nuclei, however, these rDNA loci frequen

210 perm are small and embedded within the large vegetative cell of the pollen grain, mRNAs from sperm ar

211 a pattern of biased inheritance in daughter vegetative cells of ammonium-grown cultures.

212 were purified in four steps from extracts of vegetative cells of Anabaena sp.

213 f nifB2:lacZ from A. variabilis in anaerobic vegetative cells of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 depended on th

214 of a paracrine hetN-dependent signal between vegetative cells of Anabaena.

215 ntrations of theta-defensins not only killed vegetative cells of B. anthracis (Sterne) and rendered t

216 roteins and the major chromosomal protein in vegetative cells of B. subtilis, is present at similar l

217 that PBP1 is localized at division sites in vegetative cells of B. subtilis.

218 Gamma phage specifically lyses vegetative cells of Bacillus anthracis and serves as par

219 Mutations causing rifampin resistance in vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis 168 have thus far

220 ns associated with Martian surface regolith, vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis in Martian analogu

221 The differentiation of vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis into spores involv

222 but was not detectable in mt- gametes or in vegetative cells of either mating type.

223 master regulator of the flagellar operon, in vegetative cells of P. mirabilis and found that increase

224 Vegetative cells of the filamentous ascomycete Neurospor

225 The vegetative cells of the filamentous cyanobacterium Nosto

226 In contrast, vegetative cells of the lgt mutant were as virulent as t

227 e generally more flagellated and longer than vegetative cells of the same species propagated in liqui

228 10(4) CSRB apoprotein molecules per cell in vegetative cells of the wild-type strain 495, a higher v

229 e progenitor generative cell, but not in the vegetative cell or in other tissues.

230 fects the distribution of actin filaments in vegetative cells or actin and myosin distribution in div

231 diates into crossovers or noncrossovers from vegetative cells or cells undergoing meiosis.

232 o date: are they spores, persisters, sessile vegetative cells or do they make up a slow-growing popul

233 e used to determine the physiological state (vegetative cells or spores) correctly, and these methods

234 SLEs), which allows complete germination and vegetative cell outgrowth.

235 odulates initial cell type choice by linking vegetative cell physiology to the cell cycle.

236 Vegetative cells provide the heterocysts with reduced ca

237 Moreover, C. botulinum was present as vegetative cells rather than as dormant spores in Cladop

238 ular totipotency, where embryos develop from vegetative cells rather than from gamete fusion.

239 he septin organization observed in gin4Delta vegetative cells resembles that seen normally in cells r

240 In vegetative cells, RPG repression by rapamycin treatment

241 step induces partial Ume6p degradation when vegetative cells shift from glucose- to acetate-based me

242 proceeds through sporulation, the principal vegetative cell sigma subunit (sigma(A)) persists in the

243 uency during diazotrophic growth and reduced vegetative cell size compared to the wild type.

244 ssed by the S2-SLF1 promoter, but not by the vegetative cell-specific promoter, Late Anther Tomato 52

245 Ingested C. perfringens vegetative cells sporulate in the intestinal tract and p

246 eemingly unrelated proteins expressed on the vegetative cell surface or spore coat of C. difficile Th

247 overexpressing SepJ made wider septa between vegetative cells than the wild type, which correlated wi

248 n of a M. xanthus fruiting body than the tan vegetative cells that contributed to fruiting body forma

249 le spores germinate in the colon to form the vegetative cells that initiate Clostridium difficile inf

250 metabolically interdependent cell types, the vegetative cells that perform oxygenic photosynthesis an

251 ill associated with components of the living vegetative cells that produced them, enabling the morpho

252 The spores then germinate into vegetative cells that proliferate in the midgut of the h

253 ansported along the filament to the 10 to 20 vegetative cells that separate heterocysts is unknown.

254 rce of PatS and HetN, as well as adjacent to vegetative cells that were manipulated to overexpress a

255 The vegetative cell, the companion cell of sperm, also under

256 yzed purified Arabidopsis thaliana sperm and vegetative cells-the cell types that comprise pollen-wit

257 DPA), a substance found in spores but not in vegetative cells; this was confirmed using pyrolysis-gas

258 s, and increased loss of autofluorescence in vegetative cells throughout filaments after nitrogen or

259 hypothesized to decrease the competency of a vegetative cell to initiate heterocyst differentiation,

260 ument transport of AHG3 transcripts from the vegetative cell to sperm and showed that their transport

261 We engineered vegetative cells to carry out processing of pro-sigmaK b

262 The transition from vegetative cells to either heterocysts or hormogonia res

263 nd reciprocally, the transport of sugar from vegetative cells to heterocysts.

264 ript with a 5' end at -39 bases replaced the vegetative cell transcript.

265 demonstrate that siRNAs produced from pollen vegetative cell transcripts can silence TE reporters in

266 Reciprocally, vegetative cells transfer fixed carbon to heterocysts.

267 tetrads and a transcript encoding oleosin in vegetative cells transferred to an acetate-enriched medi

268 eins Flv1A, Flv2, Flv3A, and Flv4 present in vegetative cells, two heterocyst-specific flavodiiron pr

269 gh levels during sporulation but absent from vegetative cells, two of the proteins, P3 and P4, were a

270 misexpression of the pollen-specific ACT1 in vegetative cell types affects the dynamics of actin due

271 Reduced cell size was observed for multiple vegetative cell types, suggesting a role for ALA4/5 in c

272 These spores return to toxin-producing vegetative cells upon binding to small molecule germinan

273 are activated in the sperm companion cell - vegetative cell (VC) - of the flowering plant Arabidopsi

274 s to have a structure similar to that of the vegetative cell wall and which serves as the initial cel

275 cis-specific polysaccharide structure in its vegetative cell wall is discussed with regard to its rel

276 ysaccharide released from Bacillus anthracis vegetative cell walls by aqueous hydrogen fluoride (HF).

277 oat layers, sequentially dissolved until the vegetative cell was released.

278 Nif2 nitrogenase under anoxic conditions in vegetative cells was sufficient to support long-term gro

279 e, overexpression of either form of Kar4p in vegetative cells was toxic.

280 Q469R, and H482Y previously characterized in vegetative cells, we isolated a new mutation of rpoB, H4

281 thermore, both the sperm cell and the pollen vegetative cell were deficient in expression of key RNAi

282 The biomarkers for vegetative cells were clearly different from those of th

283 C. difficile spore and vegetative cells were counted in feces from infected mic

284 sis, and B. atrophaeus spores, and B. cereus vegetative cells were investigated by Raman imaging for

285 tosis and chemotaxis under agar to folate in vegetative cells were only subtly affected in Arp2 phosp

286 gh the 120-kDa form was expressed 10 h after vegetative cells were transferred to gametic induction m

287 d sufficient to induce embryo development in vegetative cells when expressed ectopically.

288 ween heterocysts increased to as many as 200 vegetative cells, whereas in the wild type the intervals

289 ia, oxygenic photosynthesis is restricted to vegetative cells, whereas N(2) fixation is confined to m

290 le gametophyte) consists of three cells: the vegetative cell, which forms the pollen tube, and two sp

291 The septa between heterocysts and vegetative cells, which are narrow in wild-type Anabaena

292 Nondividing Arabidopsis pollen vegetative cells, which transport engulfed sperm by exte

293 or one another; Sec9p is active primarily in vegetative cells while Spo20p functions only during spor

294 a spo12 mutation is synthetically lethal in vegetative cells with a mutation in HCT1, a gene necessa

295 reduced carbon, and heterocysts provide the vegetative cells with fixed nitrogen.

296 r to recombine with each other frequently in vegetative cells with no detrimental consequences.

297 nobacteria couple oxygenic photosynthesis in vegetative cells with O2-sensitive N2 fixation in differ

298 s and Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis vegetative cells with sample residence times of 62, 12,

299 es, we compared the proteome of liquid-grown vegetative cells with the proteome of mature fruiting bo

300 ion of the released DNA, from less than 1000 vegetative cells, without additional preprocessing steps