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1 oked by antidromic stimulation of the distal ventral root.
2  PTN protein was more abundant in denervated ventral root.
3 einnervated cutaneous nerve but minimally by ventral root.
4 actor was upregulated to a greater degree in ventral root.
5 mature Schwann cells within the degenerating ventral root.
6 lia and several ectopic sites, including the ventral root.
7 tion of the peripheral ends of cut L7 and S1 ventral roots.
8  to direct polarization of cranial nerves or ventral roots.
9 ogenesis and motor axonal fasciculation into ventral roots.
10 receding that of their ipsilateral segmental ventral roots.
11  measured with extracellular recordings from ventral roots.
12  axons extending out of the spinal cord into ventral roots.
13  function and atrophy of nerve fibers in the ventral roots.
14  was also found in motoneurons as well as in ventral roots.
15 d rhythms recorded from cervical spinal cord ventral roots.
16 y of intercostal muscles coupled with the C4 ventral root activity assessed in a medulla-spinal cord
17 the lamprey, the contralaterally alternating ventral root activity that defines this behavior is driv
18 connective tissue bridges and the dorsal and ventral roots adjacent to the transection site.
19 motor-like activity was recorded from lumbar ventral roots after short trains of stimuli (50 Hz for 0
20  was performed on normal cutaneous nerve and ventral root and on graft preparations 5, 15, and 30 d a
21 -specific markers, axon projections into the ventral root and peripheral nerves, ultrastructure, dend
22 ograde transport of fluorescent tracers from ventral roots and axons in the ventrolateral funiculus,
23  present in motoneurons, primarily along the ventral roots and developing intramuscular nerves.
24                  Morphometric analysis of L5 ventral roots and horns revealed that 4 weeks prior to a
25 xons exit the spinal cord via their adjacent ventral roots and project rostrally or caudally along th
26 neurons, in motoneurons innervating adjacent ventral roots, and in ChAT-negative, putative interneuro
27 ls was verified by axon counts of dorsal and ventral roots, as well as facial and optic nerves that r
28 bules (MTs), and reduced axonal transport in ventral roots, as well as spinal cord gliosis and motor
29 erwent sham surgery (n = 6), bilateral L5-S2 ventral root avulsion (VRA) injury (n = 5), or bilateral
30              Here, we demonstrate that after ventral root avulsion and immediate re-implantation, mod
31                                 In rats with ventral root avulsion injuries, we combined timed GDNF g
32            We developed a rodent lumbosacral ventral root avulsion injury model of cauda equina injur
33                                              Ventral root avulsion leads to severe motoneuron degener
34 the retrograde effects of a unilateral L5-S2 ventral root avulsion on efferent preganglionic parasymp
35                 We conclude that lumbosacral ventral root avulsions progressively deplete autonomic a
36 resymptomatically and before degeneration of ventral root axons and denervation of NMJs.
37 positive DRG neurons and small myelinated L5 ventral root axons decreases to about 35% of control cou
38  be the underlying cause of severe damage to ventral root axons resulting in a Wallerian-like degener
39     In affected cats, significant loss of L5 ventral root axons was observed at 12 weeks.
40                                              Ventral root axons were shrunken but were normal in numb
41 numbers of spinal motor neurons, diameter of ventral root axons, and extent of neuroinflammation in t
42             In the NF-M-null mutant atrophic ventral root, axons show an age-related depletion of neu
43 d the timing of their spikes relative to the ventral root burst became more variable.
44 y lagged behind the onset of the ipsilateral ventral root burst by a mean phase of 0.21 during electr
45  dorsal roots (DRs) could elicit coordinated ventral root bursting at both cervical and lumbar levels
46         Iberiotoxin extended the duration of ventral root bursts during fictive swimming in larvae at
47 activity was assessed using the synchronized ventral root bursts generated by both bath application o
48 preparation, was to increase the duration of ventral root bursts throughout the spinal cord during sw
49 ther the ipsilateral or the contralateral L2 ventral root bursts.
50 enervated cutaneous nerve than in denervated ventral root, but that PTN protein was more abundant in
51 sory phenotype by prolonged reinnervation of ventral root by cutaneous axons.
52 activity was recorded in vitro from cervical ventral roots (C1 or C4) using the isolated brainstem-sp
53 tivity was recorded from the fourth cervical ventral root (C4 VR), which contains the axons of phreni
54 re was extensive labeling of motoneurons and ventral root efferents-in particular, in an extremely de
55  In mSOD1 mice with clear muscle tremor, the ventral roots exhibited spontaneous synchronized bursts,
56                                           In ventral root fibers of pigeons, mice, and humans, the al
57 duced by electrical stimulation of L7 and S1 ventral roots in anesthetized cats (n=12).
58 stimulating the cut ends of L4 and L5 spinal ventral roots in Sprague-Dawley rats (300-400 g).
59 F and recording the potentials evoked in the ventral roots, in the VLF, or in individual interneurons
60  acute implantation of the avulsed L6 and S1 ventral roots into the conus medullaris (n = 6).
61 surgical implantation of avulsed lumbosacral ventral roots into the spinal cord can promote functiona
62 how that implantation of avulsed lumbosacral ventral roots into the spinal cord promotes reinnervatio
63   Transection of the fourth and fifth lumbar ventral roots (L4/5 ventral rhizotomy) of the rat is hig
64 ized at nodes of dorsal root sensory but not ventral root motor axons.
65  contraction was evoked by stimulating L7-S1 ventral roots (n = 7).
66 e electrotonically recorded in situ from the ventral root of isolated, hemisected amphibian spinal co
67 33W) mice lose large myelinated axons in the ventral root of the spinal cord and demonstrate myelin t
68 derived motor axons were observed within the ventral roots of each animal, whereas none were observed
69 crease in the level of NF proteins in the L5 ventral roots of G93A mice and a concomitant reduction i
70 endent axonal atrophy develops in the lumbar ventral roots of mice with a null mutation in the mid-si
71 AN disease, were also detected in dorsal and ventral roots of the Gan(-/-);TgPer mice.
72 ythmic locomotor-like activity in the lumbar ventral roots of the isolated neonatal rat spinal cord.
73 ency as fictive locomotion recorded from the ventral roots of the isolated spinal cord.
74 d cell differentiation in sciatic nerves and ventral roots of the laminin-alpha2-deficient (Lama2(-/-
75  slow axonal transports were impaired in the ventral roots of these mice coincidental with the appear
76                        Stimulation of the S2 ventral root or the spinal cord both indicated that 15 H
77  short-latency depolarizing potential in the ventral roots, or in interneurons, that was probably med
78 , bursting at frequencies independent to the ventral root output.
79 l regions occurred in mouse motor axons from ventral roots, phrenic nerve and intramuscular branches.
80 0 microM, 60 min) was also able to attenuate ventral root potentials after single shock electrical st
81                                   Cumulative ventral root potentials evoked by long and short dorsal
82              At the beginning of an episode, ventral root potentials started before the VLF discharge
83 o effect on the amplitude of afferent-evoked ventral root potentials until the second postnatal week,
84  synchronized, cycle by cycle, with rhythmic ventral root potentials.
85 pported cutaneous axon regeneration, whereas ventral root preferentially supported motor axon regener
86              Short-latency reflexes (SRs) in ventral roots, presumably monosynaptic, were evoked by e
87 eurons and population synaptic potentials in ventral roots provided evidence that conventional transm
88 of lumbar (L2) dCINs fired rhythmically with ventral root-recorded motor activity, although their fir
89 f of V2a interneurons fire rhythmically with ventral root-recorded motor activity; the rhythmic V2a i
90                          Using extracellular ventral root recordings, we showed that, while the thora
91 bserved in sections of dorsal roots, whereas ventral roots remained intact.
92 dal FHF2 staining within the optic nerve and ventral root, respectively.
93 econd, using L6-S1 ganglionectomies or L6-S1 ventral root rhizotomies we limited viral transport to t
94                        Stimulation of sacral ventral roots (S1-S3) revealed that the S2 efferent outf
95                             We observed that ventral root stimulation (VRS) in an anaesthetized mouse
96                                              Ventral root stimulation was used to evoke currents from
97 rt latency depolarising potentials following ventral root stimulation, and by the transfer of the low
98  electrically induced muscle contraction via ventral root stimulation, before and after (1 and 2 h po
99 ncreases in MAP and Glu concentration during ventral root stimulation.
100           Following reimplantation of lumbar ventral roots, timed GDNF-gene therapy enhanced motoneur
101 ann cells, oligodendrocyte progenitors cross ventral root transition zones and myelinate motor axons.
102 urons (MNs) and the locomotor-like bursts in ventral roots, until the motor pattern ceases.
103 rossed projection by assessing LVST-mediated ventral root (VR) response latencies, manipulating synap
104 omic and motor fibers in primate lumbosacral ventral roots (VRs).
105 lated bursts recorded in cervical and lumbar ventral roots was substantially weakened, although not a
106                           By stimulating the ventral roots we have demonstrated the presence of short
107 nd motor nerve, grafts of cutaneous nerve or ventral root were denervated, reinnervated with cutaneou
108 ord and the peripheral cut ends of L7 and S1 ventral roots were stimulated electrically to induce mus
109                        Stimulation of the L6 ventral root, which contains PPN axons, also produced my
110 cord preparation, we back-filled the cut, L6 ventral root with the small molecule Neurobiotin, or the

 
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