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1 n when inhibition was evoked from a surround vibrissa.
2 ortical column appropriate for the deflected vibrissa.
3 ceiving the main signals from the stimulated vibrissa.
4 d for motion toward their preferred surround vibrissa.
5 stically significant increase of LCGU in the vibrissa activated C3 barrel, and l-NA treatment did not
6 excitatory responses evoked by physiological vibrissa afferent stimulation were reduced by LY382884 a
7 gh the ventral retrosplenial area (VRA) with vibrissa air-puff stimulation, demonstrating higher-orde
8 f the signals elicited by deflection of each vibrissa alone.
9 ween the horizontal angle of contact of each vibrissa and every possible (pitch, distance, and yaw) c
10  Lrp4 and Wise mutants also share defects in vibrissa and hair follicle development, suggesting that
11 1 expression seen in the sebaceous glands of vibrissa and hair follicles in transgenic lines harborin
12 rdered barrel-specific input from individual vibrissa and microvibrissae in the lower jaw but not fro
13 erebral cortex to control a single mystacial vibrissa and orchestrate its movement?
14 cited by the confluence of touch by a single vibrissa and the phase of vibrissa motion in the whisk c
15 e intrinsic muscle that protracts the rat C3 vibrissa and used retrograde transneuronal transport to
16  yielded responses to deflection of a single vibrissa, and a significantly (P < 0.001) higher percent
17 ibrissa pathway, such integration across the vibrissa array strongly shapes the coding of spatiotempo
18 ificantly for recordings outside the primary vibrissa barrel column, providing additional evidence fo
19 ime-varying forces and bending moment at the vibrissa base during both noncontact (free-air) whisking
20 d experimental control in studies related to vibrissa-based neuronal circuitry.
21  rhythmic neuronal activity that accompanies vibrissa-based sensation, in rats, transiently locks to
22         We find that this pathway broadcasts vibrissa-based sensory signals to brainstem regions that
23 ile whisking synchronized to sniffing serves vibrissa-based touch [6, 15, 16].
24                                              Vibrissa-based touch in rodents involves stereotypic, rh
25 en breathing and the sensations of smell and vibrissa-based touch.
26 nst an object, the intrinsic dynamics of the vibrissa can be as large as many of the mechanical effec
27 c dysfunction in the relay nuclei of the rat vibrissa circuit follows traumatic brain injury (TBI).
28 and provides strong modulation of signals of vibrissa contact.
29 or arteriole vs. venous blood within primary vibrissa cortex of awake, head-fixed mice.
30 receptive field, and arrives within 25 ms of vibrissa deflection.
31  present in large quantities in cultured rat vibrissa dermal papilla cells but undetectable in cultur
32 uctions in slope and increases in latency of vibrissa-evoked field potentials 3 days after injury.
33 derlying the slow and fast components of the vibrissa-evoked response.
34 scillations (FOs; > 200 Hz), superimposed on vibrissa-evoked slow potentials, may support rapid senso
35  in Shh -/- skin grafts, as well as cultured vibrissa explants treated with cyclopamine to block Shh
36 ic/GABAergic cells that rhythmically inhibit vibrissa facial motoneurons.
37 , we labeled neurons synapsing directly onto vibrissa facial motor neurons (vFMNs).
38 ly determine the horizontal angle at which a vibrissa first touches an object, and we therefore asked
39  of the human Lef-1 promoter during the hair/vibrissa follicle and sebaceous gland formation.
40                                    Using the vibrissa follicle as our model, we isolated follicle seg
41                                          Rat vibrissa follicle clonogenic keratinocytes, closely rela
42 patterns of Lef-1 expression during hair and vibrissa follicle development.
43                  These data suggest that the vibrissa follicle is a in vitro good model system with w
44 , each originating from melanocytes within a vibrissa follicle rather than at the graft edge.
45 riptional targets of Trps1 in the developing vibrissa follicle, we performed microarray hybridization
46 s of guard hairs and inner conical bodies of vibrissa follicle-sinus complexes.
47  hair follicle progenitors in the developing vibrissa follicle.
48 of the whisker pad is noted, both around the vibrissa follicles and along the intervibrissal epidermi
49             In this investigation, adult rat vibrissa follicles for which growth in culture is limite
50                             We have isolated vibrissa follicles from 12 d old rats and confirmed by h
51      In the present study, the upper part of vibrissa follicles from nestin-driven green-fluorescent
52 in morphology that suggest that cultured rat vibrissa follicles retain cyclical activity in vitro.
53 endings) in the same target (Merkel cells of vibrissa follicles).
54 sae, the structure and innervation of facial vibrissa follicles, body hair follicles, and intervening
55 r anagen re-entry, and formation of compound vibrissa follicles.
56 ssage RNA is highly abundant in cultured rat vibrissa FP cells, can be detected at very low levels in
57   We conjecture that resonance properties in vibrissa, hypoglossal, and potentially other motoneurone
58 rom rats trained to rhythmically sweep their vibrissa in search of a target.
59 functional connectivity and insensitivity to vibrissa inactivation.
60 e a model for the rapid integration of multi-vibrissa input.
61 te for rapid excitatory and inhibitory multi-vibrissa interactions.
62 ude, latency, and precision induced by cross-vibrissa interactions.
63 expressing inhibitory neurons located in the vibrissa intermediate reticular nucleus (vIRt(PV)) in th
64  this issue of Neuron that touch by a single vibrissa leads to a rapid depolarization of primary sens
65                                 Variation in vibrissa length predicted motion mean frequencies, inclu
66  orienting response to stimulation of unique vibrissa-like body hairs that are widely spaced over an
67                   Consistent with a model of vibrissa mechanics, optical measurements of vibrissae re
68 ty and increased stimulus sensitivity in the vibrissa motion detection task.
69  to relatively weak tactile stimulation in a vibrissa motion detection task.
70 e vibrissa motor cortex to drive spiking and vibrissa motion in awake mice when excited with red ligh
71  touch by a single vibrissa and the phase of vibrissa motion in the whisk cycle; different units have
72 uscle activity leads to an enhanced range of vibrissa motion than would be available from the intrins
73 between instantaneous velocity and timing of vibrissa motion, finding a strong interaction between an
74 i, reflecting the resonance amplification of vibrissa motion.
75 ged the nature of information conveyed about vibrissa motion.
76 rized the electrophysiological properties of vibrissa motoneurones (vMNs) in rat.
77 ory pathways from vibrissa sensory inputs to vibrissa motoneurons in the facial nucleus.
78 2+ excitatory projection neurons involved in vibrissa motor control.
79 ion, spike trains of single units in primary vibrissa motor cortex report the absolute angle of vibri
80              We used ReaChR expressed in the vibrissa motor cortex to drive spiking and vibrissa moti
81 pocampus as well as behavioral inspection of vibrissa movement demonstrate a minimal excitation from
82 a context-dependent change in the pattern of vibrissa movement during tactile exploration.
83 t in which bilateral or ipsilateral (intact) vibrissa movement predominated; (3) in both hemispheres
84 trimmed group, an abnormal pattern of evoked vibrissa movement was evident in which bilateral or ipsi
85 r-to-muscle circuit for positive feedback in vibrissa movement.
86 he vibrissae to the motoneurons that control vibrissa movement.
87                                 The rhythmic vibrissa movements are induced by local injection of a g
88 second-order sensorimotor loops that control vibrissa movements by rodents.
89  This protocol produces coordinated rhythmic vibrissa movements that are sustained for several hours
90 us firing during complex patterns of ongoing vibrissa movements that may ensure transmission of prefe
91 or the pharmacological induction of rhythmic vibrissa movements that mimic exploratory whisking.
92                                      Precise vibrissa movements were evoked by expressing ReaChR in t
93 , and coordination of bilaterally homologous vibrissa movements.
94 e trigeminal loop provides an enhancement of vibrissa muscle tone upon contact during active touch.
95  SpVO and SpVIr are premotor to forelimb and vibrissa muscles, while only SpVO is premotor to jaw mus
96 at provides positive sensory feedback to the vibrissa musculature during simulated whisking and conta
97  nucleus motoneurons that directly innervate vibrissa musculature.
98 al enhancement in functional activity of the vibrissa neurons at different somatosensory nuclei as ra
99 ment or VEGF blockade were observed in mouse vibrissa organ cultures, which lack a functional vascula
100 e is generated by inhalation, which resets a vibrissa oscillator circuit, while subsequent whisks are
101 he gradient in vibrissa resonance across the vibrissa pad.
102 as a master clock for the synchronization of vibrissa, pad, and snout movements, as well as for the b
103  the ventro-posterior-medial thalamus in the vibrissa pathway of the awake mouse and measured spiking
104  the primary somatosensory cortex of the rat vibrissa pathway, such integration across the vibrissa a
105  recordings from different stages of the rat vibrissa pathway.
106 r motion in two processing stages of the rat vibrissa pathway.
107       Besides activated ascending visual and vibrissa pathways, robust blood oxygen level-dependent (
108                                    Following vibrissa plucking, the levels of [125I]alpha-bungarotoxi
109 the known decoding of touch as a function of vibrissa position in the whisk cycle.
110 contact, a task that depends on knowledge of vibrissa position relative to their face, we found that
111 lectromyogram ( nabla EMG) as a surrogate of vibrissa position, and (ii) the field potential ( nabla
112 sa motor cortex report the absolute angle of vibrissa position.
113  critically involved in the execution of the vibrissa positioning task.
114 eaths and are accompanied by an asymmetry in vibrissa positioning toward the same side of the face.
115 ation of sensory input as it progresses from vibrissa primary sensor (S1) to motor (M1) cortex.
116 rved that the local extracellular current in vibrissa primary sensory cortex contained oscillatory co
117 mata of multiple cubic millimeter regions of vibrissa primary sensory cortex in mouse.
118 nonlinear mixing of neuronal activity in the vibrissa primary sensory cortex of rat, a region that re
119        In vivo population calcium imaging in vibrissa primary somatosensory cortex (vS1) revealed inc
120 ion is preserved and transformed through the vibrissa processing pathway.
121                          Displacement of one vibrissa produced a field of activity that extends over
122 n vM1 and vS1 leads us to propose a model of vibrissa protraction in which vM1 output results in prot
123  associated with a grimace, characterized by vibrissa protraction, wrinkling of the nose, and squinti
124  we targeted silicon probe recordings to the vibrissa region of primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somat
125 ovides a precise tactile modality, including vibrissa-related 'barrel' columns in primary somatosenso
126               These results demonstrate that vibrissa-related central patterns are able to form in th
127  the pre-Botzinger complex (preBotC) and the vibrissa-related region of the intermediate reticular fo
128 in the whisk cycle, rather than angle of the vibrissa relative to the face.
129 ntly smaller-sized primary motor cortex (M1) vibrissa representation in the hemisphere contralateral
130 a result of unilateral lesions of the entire vibrissa representation of S-I barrel field cortex (BFC)
131  the cortical map, focuses the extent of the vibrissa representation relative to lower frequency stim
132 vibrissae, in agreement with the gradient in vibrissa resonance across the vibrissa pad.
133                                              Vibrissa resonance constitutes a potentially useful mech
134     We investigated the neural correlates of vibrissa resonance in trigeminal ganglion and primary so
135 y specificity, a further potential impact of vibrissa resonance is enhancement of sensitivity to near
136                                       First, vibrissa resonance significantly lowered the threshold f
137 vents, indicating that biomechanics, such as vibrissa resonance, shape signals most likely to drive n
138 short latency responses (median = 3.8 ms) in vibrissa-responsive LD neurons.
139 ts are thought to mediate the first stage of vibrissa scanning control via sensory feedback that prov
140              The representation of touch and vibrissa self-motion may in principle be encoded along s
141 onal signals that encode touch in the rodent vibrissa sensorimotor system.
142 ese neurons both receive primary inputs from vibrissa sensory afferent fibers and send monosynaptic c
143 he level and spatial extent of activation of vibrissa sensory cortex critically depend on behavioral
144                                              Vibrissa sensory inputs play a central role in driving r
145 al loop consists of excitatory pathways from vibrissa sensory inputs to vibrissa motoneurons in the f
146          Rats lack precise vision, but their vibrissa sensory system provides a precise tactile modal
147 fication can increase the sensitivity of the vibrissa sensory system to an ecologically relevant rang
148 sduction during active sensing in the rodent vibrissa sensory system, a widely used model.
149 y in the relative frequency of dual forelimb-vibrissa sites that form the common border between these
150 yer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of the rat primary vibrissa (Sm1) cortex in vivo.
151 eurons within the thalamus and cortex of the vibrissa somatosensory system in the awake, freely movin
152  brain-wide functional mapping of visual and vibrissa stimulation at 100 umx100 umx200 um resolution
153 onset of vM1 optogenetic activation preceded vibrissa stimulation by 20 ms.
154                  Increasing the intensity of vibrissa stimulation entailed more adaption in paralemni
155 ified the response of vS1 neurons to passive vibrissa stimulation in all cortical layers measured.
156 rated that the minimal amplitude of resonant vibrissa stimulation required to evoke responses in SI i
157  the rapid hemodynamic responses in VRA upon vibrissa stimulation showed a strong correlation with th
158  from LD neurons reveal that they respond to vibrissa stimulation with short latency (median = 7 ms)
159  by presenting low-amplitude, high-frequency vibrissa stimulation.
160 matotopy using a new omni-directional, multi-vibrissa stimulator.
161 indicated a learned anticipation through the vibrissa system and association cortices in awake mice u
162 arallels between frequency processing in the vibrissa system and the auditory system and have importa
163                              We used the rat vibrissa system as a model for active sensing and determ
164                                   The rodent vibrissa system is a widely used experimental model of a
165                                In the rodent vibrissa system, an ideal observer analysis of cortical
166                                 In the mouse vibrissa system, trigeminal brainstem circuits are thoug
167 st level of sensorimotor feedback in the rat vibrissa system.
168 se findings suggest strong parallels between vibrissa tactile processing and auditory encoding, in wh
169 ever, we lack a general dynamic model of the vibrissa that includes the effects of inertia, damping,
170  peri-threshold inputs (<or=80 microm at the vibrissa tip), we recorded NV and SI neurons during stim
171 equency, motions as small as 8 microm at the vibrissa tip, corresponding to angular deflections of le
172 ng, i.e., the rhythmic movement of the rat's vibrissas to acquire tactile information, occurs within
173 egy to identify premotor neurons controlling vibrissa, tongue protrusion, and jaw-closing muscles in
174 ides a mechanism for the rapid modulation of vibrissa touch during exploration of peri-personal space
175 sary to compute angular coordinates based on vibrissa touch.
176  to altered tactile experience by unilateral vibrissa trimming from birth (birth-trimmed group) or fo
177               Findings demonstrated that (1) vibrissa trimming from birth, but not when initiated in
178 ative cell implants repeatedly induced giant vibrissa-type follicles and fibres.
179                         Local maxima for one vibrissa were seen to overlie the global maximum found f
180 sholds for eliciting movement of the trimmed vibrissa were significantly lower than normal; and (4) i
181 most clearly by transplanting ND-GFP-labeled vibrissa (whisker) hair follicles to unlabeled nude mice
182 ing perception, including stimulation of the vibrissa with moving complex natural stimuli such as san

 
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