ライフサイエンスコーパス: viroid

1 irus, as well as the viroid apple hammerhead viroid.

2 of the loop E motif of Potato spindle tuber viroid.

3 pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and viroids.

4 nd replication cycle resemble those of plant viroids.

5 s that have impacted productivity, including viroids.

6 plicates via a rolling circle mechanism like viroids.

7 nate healthy propagating materials free from viroids.

8 dulate the hammerhead cleavage properties in viroids.

9 utations in loop E motifs of PSTVd and other viroids.

10 cally favored for the vast majority of these viroids.

11 me is structurally related to those of plant viroids.

12 ion of AGO1, AGO2, AGO4, and AGO5 attenuated viroid accumulation, supporting their role in antiviroid

13 database that attempts to collect all known viroid and viroid-like circular RNA sequences into a sin

14 usly were found in satellite RNAs from plant viroids and in repetitive DNA from certain species of ne

15 ion regarding the pathogenesis mechanisms of viroids and perhaps other infectious RNAs.IMPORTANCE Num

16 dissection of the complex interplay between viroids and plants are presented, highlighting knowledge

17 ne extended hammerheads derived from natural viroids and satellite RNAs were constructed with the goa

18 d, information for all sequences of viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa tha

19 central source of information about viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa.

20 Viroids and viroid-like covalently closed circular (ccc)

21 recedented complexity in biological roles of viroids and viroid-like RNAs.

22 This CCC RNA is the smallest among all known viroids and virusoids and the only one that codes protei

23 and apple stem pitting virus, as well as the viroid apple hammerhead viroid.

24 Viroids are a unique class of noncoding RNAs: composed o

25 Viroids are non-translatable, autonomously replicating c

26 Viroids are noncoding RNAs that can cause disease in pla

27 Viroids are single-stranded circular noncoding RNAs that

28 Viroids are single-stranded, circular, and noncoding RNA

29 Viroids are small noncoding and infectious RNAs that rep

30 Viroids are small, single-stranded, circular RNAs infect

31 Viroids are specifically targeted to nuclei (family Posp

32 Viroids are the simplest noncoding eukaryotic RNA pathog

33 e tuber viroid (PSTVd) and avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) were only 0.5% cleaved.

34 ch is a new concept that helps to understand viroid-based pathogenesis.

35 easy interpretation of not only viruses and viroids but also bacteria (including phytoplasma), fungi

36 s) supports the notion that DCLs also target viroids but does not clarify whether vd-sRNAs activate o

37 small RNAs in infected plants suggests that viroids can trigger RNA silencing in a host, raising the

38 case, pathogenic noncoding RNAs alone (i.e., viroids) can cause disease in plants.

39 treme case, pathogenic ncRNAs alone (such as viroids) can infect eukaryotic organisms, leading to dis

40 rus psorosis virus (CPsV) and Citrus caxicia viroid (CCaV) was demonstrated.

41 based on complementary Coconut Cadang-Cadang Viroid (CCCVd) RNA sequence, was covalently bonded onto

42 model system to investigate the mechanism of viroid cell-to-cell transport.

43 was aimed to detect any of Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), Citrus viroid-III (CVd-III), and Citrus v

44 Despite the relatively small size, viroids contain RNA structural elements embracing all th

45 The identification of viroid-derived small RNAs (vd-sRNAs) of 21 to 24 nucleot

46 accumulation in these plants of 21- to 24-nt viroid-derived small RNAs (vd-sRNAs) supports the notion

47 Viroids, despite their minimal genomes (non-protein-codi

48 dle HTS data with a focus on plant virus and viroid detection.

49 Viroids encode no proteins and rely on host RNA polymera

50 ng specific hot spot distributions along the viroid genome.

51 However, viroid genomes contain no open reading frames, whereas H

52 It is likely that viroids hijack critical host RNA pathways for processing

53 eover, a specific role of DNA methylation in viroid-host interactions is not yet confirmed.

54 ny of Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), Citrus viroid-III (CVd-III), and Citrus viroid-IV (CVd-IV) in t

55 Missing data on the status of viroids in citrus in Palestine were not reported.

56 This was the first to report three of citrus viroids in Palestine, appealing to apply of phytosanitar

57 c RNAs (hepatitis delta virus in animals and viroids in plants) are copied by host transcription poly

58 ystem, resemble the plant pathogens known as viroids in their structure, mode of generation and funct

59 processes, and developmental patterns makes viroid infection a valuable system in which to investiga

60 Therefore, knowledge of viroid infection is informative for research on HDV and

61 Using Potato spindle tuber viroid infection of Nicotiana benthamiana as the experim

62 An important component of the viroid infection process is cell-to-cell movement; howev

63 ar activities underlying nuclear-replicating viroid infection processes in plants, including effects

64 ed RNA replication is essential for viral or viroid infection, as well as for regulation of cellular

65 to 24 nucleotides (nt) in plants infected by viroids (infectious non-protein-coding RNAs of just 250

66 comprehensive genome-wide analyses of plant-viroid interactions and discover several novel molecular

67 equenced the progeny of potato spindle tuber viroid intermediate (PSTVd-I) strain from mature guard c

68 We also compare the knowledge of viroid intracellular trafficking with known pathways gov

69 n to a possible evolutionary relationship to viroids is discussed.

70 f rolling circle replication for HDV RNA and viroids is not clear.

71 Vd), Citrus viroid-III (CVd-III), and Citrus viroid-IV (CVd-IV) in the Palestinian National Agricultu

72 mmittee on Taxonomy of Viruses, there are 44 viroids known to date.

73 However, whether viroids, like RNA viruses, are also targeted by the RNA-

74 The extent and diversity of viroid-like agents are poorly understood.

75 Although other viroid-like agents with cccRNAs genomes, such as satelli

76 veloped a computational pipeline to identify viroid-like cccRNAs and applied it to 5,131 metatranscri

77 scriptome mining shows that the diversity of viroid-like cccRNAs genomes is far greater than previous

78 The broad presence of viroid-like cccRNAs in diverse transcriptomes and ecosys

79 The search yielded 11,378 viroid-like cccRNAs spanning 4,409 species-level cluster

80 These searches identified numerous, diverse viroid-like cccRNAs, many found in environments devoid o

81 hat attempts to collect all known viroid and viroid-like circular RNA sequences into a single resourc

82 Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) contains a viroid-like circular RNA that is presumed to replicate v

83 Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) contains a viroid-like circular RNA that replicates via a double ro

84 Viroids and viroid-like covalently closed circular (ccc) RNAs are mi

85 and it has been argued that RNA viruses and viroid-like elements are remnants of such pre-cellular R

86 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), whereas viroid-like elements consist of small, single-stranded,

87 Here we show that the number of candidate viroid-like elements occurring in geographically and eco

88 ese circular genomes, fungal ambiviruses are viroid-like elements that undergo rolling circle replica

89 crease compared to the previously identified viroid-like elements.

90 i as an evolutionary hub for RNA viruses and viroid-like elements.

91 Thus, all steps of a viroid-like RNA replication pathway can be catalyzed by

92 Notably, more than 20 000 distinct viroid-like RNA sequences have recently been identified

93 t infectious RNAs showing hybrid features of viroid-like RNAs and viruses.

94 is informative for research on HDV and other viroid-like RNAs reported from various organisms.

95 omplexity in biological roles of viroids and viroid-like RNAs.

96 l principles and offer perspectives on using viroid models to continue advancing some frontiers of li

97 A viroid most likely has evolved structural motifs that mi

98 Plasmodesmata regulate viroid movement and were hypothesized to impact viroid q

99 A vast number of plant pathogens from viroids of a few hundred nucleotides to higher plants ca

100 HTS) to test imported plants for viruses and viroids of concern.

101 Viroids of the Pospiviroidae family, as represented by t

102 mechanistic link with the antagonism of the viroid on the virus in co-infected tomato plants.

103 /paperclip ribozyme model proposed for plant viroid or virusoid RNAs, have been proposed.

104 oorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids, phytoplasma and nematodes.

105 report that the CCR of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) also plays a role in pathogenicity.

106 larly, rod-like RNAs of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) and avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) were

107 presumably cleavage of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) and closely related members of the family

108 folding pathways of the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) and the host killing mechanism of Escheri

109 We used Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) as a model to investigate the direct role

110 omain (T(L)) of the potato spindle tuber RNA viroid (PSTVd) constitutes one of its five structural el

111 In this study, potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) has been used as a model system to invest

112 Here, we employ potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) infecting tomato as a system to dissect h

113 Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a circular, single-stranded, noncoding

114 Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a pathogenic RNA that does not encode

115 tion of an RNA motif in Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) required for trafficking from palisade me

116 benthamiana infected by potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) were agroinfiltrated with plasmids expres

117 59-nucleotide genome of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), a circular non-coding RNA that replicate

118 nstrated that like with Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), a satRNA associated with Cucumber Mosaic

119 inia virus (TYLCSV) and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), co-infect their common host tomato, we o

120 , as represented by the Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), replicate in the nucleus by utilizing DN

121 ed from the replicating Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd).

122 oid movement and were hypothesized to impact viroid quasispecies.

123 In contrast, Nextera XT yielded viroid reads 3.30-fold higher than SQK-DCS109.

124 Viroids replicate through an RNA-to-RNA rolling-circle m

125 RNA viruses and viroids replicate with high mutation rates, forming quas

126 ional mechanisms of RNA motifs that regulate viroid replication and trafficking.

127 ulatory elements necessary for initiation of viroid replication.

128 tides and being unable to code for proteins, viroids represent the lowest level of complexity for an

129 a remarkable example of parasitic strategy, viroids reprogram for their replication the template and

130 examples of groundbreaking contributions of viroid research to the development of new biological pri

131 le-stranded (ss) DNA geminiviruses and ssRNA viroids, respectively, but both pathogens can counteract

132 t 10 000 unique sequences, ViroidDB includes viroids, retroviroid-like elements, small circular satel

133 RNAs, the predicted secondary structure of a viroid RNA contains many loops and bulges flanked by dou

134 otif that the noncoding Potato spindle tuber viroid RNA evolved to potentiate its efficient trafficki

135 The viroid RNA genome must interact directly with cellular f

136 All functions are mediated directly by the viroid RNA genome or genome-derived RNAs.

137 sm consisting of transcription of oligomeric viroid RNA intermediates, cleavage to unit-length strand

138 The structures of viral and viroid RNA motifs are studied commonly by in vitro, comp

139 Our results led to a genomic map of viroid RNA motifs that mediate single-cell replication a

140 The feasibility of correlating viroid RNA sequence/structure with the altered expressio

141 genetic evidence for the essential role of a viroid RNA three-dimensional motif in rolling-circle rep

142 assays with an analogous tomato planta macho viroid (-)RNA resulted in a much larger fraction of infe

143 During replication, (+)- and (-)-strand viroid RNAs are produced.

144 f a complex mixture of coconut cadang-cadang viroid RNAs revealed the presence of relatively large am

145 cally the infectivity of monomeric (-)strand viroid RNAs, we have developed a ribozyme-based expressi

146 rod-shaped structures, similar to the plant viroid RNAs.

147 rived mostly from the secondary structure of viroid RNAs.

148 collection, we discovered numerous putative viroids, satellite RNAs, retrozymes, and ribozy-like vir

149 mmarize recent advancements in understanding viroid shuttling among subcellular compartments for comp

150 In addition to small cccRNAs in the viroid size range, a broad variety of ribozyviruses and

151 The occurrence of viroid-specific small RNAs in infected plants suggests t

152 uction of small RNAs of Potato spindle tuber viroid (srPSTVds) and investigating how PSTVd responds t

153 rize recent advances in the understanding of viroid structures and cellular factors enabling these fu

154 structures and cognate factors in regulating viroid subcellular trafficking and replication will like

155 RNA transcripts of the potato spindle tuber viroid, suggesting that RIPs may target invading nucleic

156 The properties of viroids that make them candidates for being survivors of

157 ests a possible evolutionary relationship to viroids that replicate in the nucleus.

158 benthamiana infected by potato spindle tuber viroid, the endogenous AGO1 and distinct AGOs from Arabi

159 Viroids, the agents of several plant diseases, are the s

160 For potato spindle tuber (PSTVd) and related viroids, the possible role of a circular (-)strand RNA a

161 ve evolved to vary widely, from 250 bases in viroids to 670 billion bases in some amoebas.

162 Selected endogenous RNAs, viral RNAs, and viroids traffic between specific cells or organs via thi

163 tisense orientations-features reminiscent of viroids, virusoids, ribozyvirian kolmiovirids, and yet-u

164 The sequence of each viroid were deposited in GenBank as (OP925746 for CEVd,

165 ated upon infection of a nuclear-replicating viroid, which is a new concept that helps to understand