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1 ors of young mice lacking a normal supply of 11-cis retinal.
2 ear-wild-type levels and changed little with 11-cis retinal.
3 n the context of pharmacological rescue with 11-cis retinal.
4 s increased in Rpe65(-/-) cones on supplying 11-cis retinal.
5 imilarly, the Lrat-/- mouse does not produce 11-cis retinal.
6  levels were determined by regeneration with 11-cis retinal.
7 psin mistrafficking is caused by the lack of 11-cis retinal.
8 tly folded rhodopsin state by the binding of 11-cis retinal.
9 lium (RPE) visual cycle produces exclusively 11-cis retinal.
10 uter segments of Rpe65(-/-) mice, which lack 11-cis retinal.
11     RPE65 is essential for the generation of 11-cis retinal.
12 , opsin, covalently linked to a chromophore, 11-cis retinal.
13 of restoring functional cones with exogenous 11-cis retinal.
14  apoprotein opsin and the chromophore ligand 11-cis-retinal.
15 cone inner segments, where it is oxidized to 11-cis-retinal.
16 wed by opsin-catalyzed isomerization of free 11-cis-retinal.
17 , and high affinity of opsin apoproteins for 11-cis-retinal.
18 photoisomerization of the visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal.
19 retina to regenerate the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal.
20 ng retinyl esters of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal.
21 lved that recycles all-trans-retinal back to 11-cis-retinal.
22 ase catalyzing a key step in regeneration of 11-cis-retinal.
23 in mammalian COS1 cells and regenerated with 11-cis-retinal.
24 s in the formation of the visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal.
25 in,all-trans-retinal must be reisomerized to 11-cis-retinal.
26 s exacerbated in conditions of low levels of 11-cis-retinal.
27 inol, in accord with its higher affinity for 11-cis-retinal.
28  opsin, and the light-sensitive chromophore, 11-cis-retinal.
29 with dietary vitamin A, it is converted into 11-cis-retinal.
30 ry into the visual cycle for processing into 11-cis-retinal.
31 the retinoid binding pocket is occupied with 11-cis-retinal.
32  interfere with the ability of opsin to bind 11-cis-retinal.
33 nt conductance changes after incubation with 11-cis-retinal.
34 ting regeneration of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal.
35 t mice, which do not produce the chromophore 11-cis-retinal.
36 aximally at 424 nm after reconstitution with 11-cis-retinal.
37 presence of 9-cis-retinal and the absence of 11-cis-retinal.
38 ystems expressed a protein that stably bound 11-cis-retinal.
39 ogenase in the RPE, RDH10, which can produce 11-cis-retinal.
40 is-aldehyde different from that reported for 11-cis-retinal.
41 Rho), consists of an opsin protein linked to 11-cis-retinal.
42 e., illumination of the prebound chromophore 11-cis-retinal.
43  to reduce the generation and utilization of 11-cis-retinal.
44 e binding domain 1 (NBD1) specifically bound 11-cis-retinal.
45 teraction between the apoprotein and ligand, 11-cis-retinal.
46 brates, through which the visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal (11-cis-RAL) is generated to maintain nor
47  that stabilizes its inverse agonist ligand, 11-cis-retinal (11CR), by a covalent, protonated Schiff
48  found that binding for the inverse agonist, 11-cis-retinal (11CR), slowed when the sample contained
49 d all-trans-retinal were required to produce 11-cis-retinal; 2) together with 11-cis-retinal, all-tra
50 ely 900 min(-)(1) microM(-)(1)), followed by 11-cis-retinal (450 min(-)(1) mM(-)(1)) and 9-cis-retina
51 as well as rod/cone photoreceptors, contains 11-cis-retinal (a vitamin A derivative) and light isomer
52  (A2) chromophore, and regenerating with the 11-cis-retinal (A1) chromophore in the same isolated rod
53                                         Only 11- cis-retinal acts as an inverse agonist to the opsin.
54 istrafficking in both models was arrested on 11-cis retinal administration.
55 h cone loss and rod response are restored by 11-cis retinal administration.
56  the outer segments proceeded normally after 11-cis-retinal administration.
57 n in the recycling of the visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal after photoisomerization by a bleaching l
58  to produce 11-cis-retinal; 2) together with 11-cis-retinal, all-trans-retinol was produced at a 1:1
59  became more sustained in the presence of an 11-cis-retinal analog.
60 have measured the effects of all -trans- and 11- cis-retinals and -retinols on the opsin's ability to
61 s defined by a deficiency in ability to bind 11-cis retinal and form rhodopsin.
62          Variants of rhodopsin, a complex of 11-cis retinal and opsin, cause retinitis pigmentosa (RP
63 ngs raise the hypothesis that in normal RPE, 11-cis retinal and/or 11-cis retinol stimulate the efflu
64 el system, we used the retinoid chromophores 11-cis-retinal and 9-cis-retinal to monitor each monomer
65    This rescue effect increased synthesis of 11-cis-retinal and 9-cis-retinal, a functional iso-chrom
66 intaining the ability to form a pigment with 11-cis-retinal and activate the G protein transducin in
67 ation sets the open state of the channel for 11-cis-retinal and all-trans-retinal, with positioning o
68 y photoaffinity labeling with 3-diazo-4-keto-11-cis-retinal and by high resolution mass spectrometric
69 pt synthesis of the opsin chromophore ligand 11-cis-retinal and cause Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA
70  for vision through continuous generation of 11-cis-retinal and clearance of all-trans-retinal, respe
71 ges upon photoisomerization of rCRALBP-bound 11-cis-retinal and demonstrated ligand-dependent conform
72 -induced retinal degeneration indicates that 11-cis-retinal and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels wer
73 odopsin as follows: thermal isomerization of 11-cis-retinal and hydrolysis of the protonated Schiff b
74 d treatments of illuminated homogenates with 11-cis-retinal and hydroxylamine prior to the AMP-PNP in
75 y RDH can prevent the accumulation of excess 11-cis-retinal and its Schiff-base conjugate and the for
76 anolamine (PE), the Schiff-base conjugate of 11-cis-retinal and PE, from the lumen to the cytoplasmic
77 erase RPE65, thereby slowing regeneration of 11-cis-retinal and reducing production of retinaldehyde
78 e conversion of dietary all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinal and suggest that these cells are the clos
79 e vision because of the diminished supply of 11-cis-retinal and the accumulation of toxic, constituti
80        The chromophore of visual pigments is 11-cis-retinal and, thus, in its absence, opsin is not p
81 igments, a covalent bond between the ligand (11-cis-retinal) and receptor (opsin) is crucial to spect
82                This animal does not generate 11-cis retinal, and both cone loss and rod response are
83 h active metabolites: the visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal, and retinoic acids, which regulate gene
84        Production of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, and retinosome formation also were docum
85    The C4 template mutant was unable to bind 11-cis-retinal, and the presence of Asn310/Lys311 was re
86 bilized to replenish the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, and their storage ensures proper visual
87 eller cells, which synthesize a precursor of 11-cis-retinal, are closely adjoined to the cone ER, so
88  cation-selective ion channel, which employs 11-cis retinal as its chromophore.
89           Vertebrate rhodopsin (Rh) contains 11-cis-retinal as a chromophore to convert light energy
90  of vision concerns the natural selection of 11-cis-retinal as the light-sensing chromophore in visua
91 lizes a covalently tethered inverse agonist (11-cis-retinal) as the native ligand.
92                           Visual opsins bind 11-cis retinal at an orthosteric site to form rhodopsins
93 converted to 11- cis-retinol and oxidized to 11- cis-retinal before it is transported back to the pho
94           Intraperitoneal administrations of 11-cis retinal before P25 led to increased transport of
95 85A and WT opsins, however, have contrasting 11-cis retinal binding kinetics.
96 e mutant suffer from low expression and poor 11-cis retinal binding.
97                   Significant differences in 11-cis-retinal binding affinities were observed between
98                        This long lifetime of 11-cis-retinal binding was considered to be physiologica
99 rdination is critical for rhodopsin folding, 11-cis-retinal binding, and the stability of the chromop
100 ns in this domain resulted in attenuation of 11-cis-retinal binding.
101 ABCA4 and, in particular, the NBD1 domain in 11-cis-retinal binding.
102                                              11-cis-retinal binds to opsin and undergoes a light-driv
103 et-NH2), a potent and selective inhibitor of 11-cis-retinal biosynthesis, is a substrate for LRAT.
104 s for the phenomenal dark state stability of 11-cis-retinal bound to rhodopsin and its ultrafast phot
105 set blindness, and Rpe65-deficient mice lack 11-cis-retinal but overaccumulate alltrans-retinyl ester
106 re evaluated before and after treatment with 11-cis retinal by intraperitoneal injection.
107                                        Thus, 11-cis retinal by itself, as well as other agents that f
108 iate regeneration of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, by the visual cycle.
109                Early administration of 9- or 11-cis retinal can partially prevent cone loss, suggesti
110  but exogenous supplementation of the native 11-cis retinal chromophore can inhibit this degeneration
111 the G protein-coupled receptors in having an 11-cis retinal chromophore covalently bound to the prote
112       Here we show that isomerization of the 11-cis retinal chromophore generates strong steric inter
113 y to long-wavelength light is to replace the 11-cis retinal chromophore in photopigments with 11-cis
114                         Isomerization of the 11-cis retinal chromophore in the visual pigment rhodops
115                                          The 11-cis retinal chromophore is tightly packed within the
116                   Absorption of light by its 11-cis retinal chromophore leads to rapid photochemical
117 hotochemical isomerization of the melanopsin 11-cis retinal chromophore occur via a space-saving mech
118 he pigment epithelium, which synthesizes the 11-cis retinal chromophore used by rod and cone photorec
119 lly functional visual pigments that bind the 11-cis retinal chromophore, activate the G protein trans
120 e protonated Schiff base linkage between the 11-cis-retinal chromophore and opsin protein.
121 inal cytotoxicity is enhanced by lack of the 11-cis-retinal chromophore during rod outer segment deve
122 e assumed to be involved in the recycling of 11-cis-retinal chromophore in the visual cycle.
123           Light-induced isomerization of the 11-cis-retinal chromophore in the visual pigment rhodops
124 ation with other RDH isoforms to produce the 11-cis-retinal chromophore needed for vision.
125 e is a recycling system that replenishes the 11-cis-retinal chromophore of rhodopsin and cone pigment
126 o-cell recycling system that replenishes the 11-cis-retinal chromophore of rhodopsin and cone pigment
127 id cycle, the enzymatic pathway by which the 11-cis-retinal chromophore of rhodopsin is generated, th
128 al cycle, the enzymatic pathway by which the 11-cis-retinal chromophore of rhodopsin is generated.
129 ed when the absorption of light converts the 11-cis-retinal chromophore to its all-trans configuratio
130 enzyme in the visual cycle that provides the 11-cis-retinal chromophore to photoreceptors in vivo.
131 g the chromophore exchange rate of the bound 11-cis-retinal chromophore with free 9-cis-retinal from
132 , a cis,trans-geometric isomerization of the 11-cis-retinal chromophore, a vitamin A derivative bound
133 alternation of the protonated Schiff base of 11-cis-retinal chromophore, induced by N87Q mutation and
134  by the isomerization of their all-trans and 11-cis retinal chromophores, respectively.
135 le of Abca4 may include the translocation of 11-cis-retinal complexes across the disk membrane.
136          In absence of their natural ligand, 11-cis-retinal, cone opsin G-protein-coupled receptors f
137 uccessful opsin trafficking and that without 11-cis retinal, cones may degenerate because of opsin mi
138 he eyes was reduced by approximately 43% and 11-cis-retinal content in the eye was reduced by approxi
139                                 In contrast, 11-cis-retinal content, ERGs and retinal histology were
140 n inhibit this degeneration, suggesting that 11-cis retinal could be used as a therapeutic agent for
141 reveals that intradiscal loop E-2 covers the 11-cis-retinal, creating a "retinal plug." Recently, we
142  pathology is attributed to a combination of 11-cis-retinal deficiency and photoreceptor degeneration
143 t that cone opsins are the 'culprit' linking 11-cis-retinal deficiency to cone degeneration in LCA.
144 ore of all known visual pigments consists of 11-cis-retinal (derived from either vitamin A1 or A2) or
145                  Administration of exogenous 11-cis retinal did not rescue retinal morphology or mark
146 essed in HEK293 cells and reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal displayed an absorption spectrum similar
147 nockout (Rpe65-/-) mouse, where synthesis of 11-cis-retinal does not occur, a minimal visual response
148 n rhodopsin or opsin levels upon addition of 11-cis retinal during opsin expression.
149 roviding a 7-membered ring, locked analog of 11-cis-retinal during expression of P23H opsin in vivo.
150  the low concentration of intracellular free 11-cis retinal, estimated to be only a tiny fraction (ap
151 of two pathways: 1) thermal isomerization of 11-cis-retinal followed by hydrolysis of Schiff base (SB
152 nction is due to the limited availability of 11-cis-retinal for rod pigment formation.
153 eactions which converts all-trans-retinal to 11-cis-retinal for the regeneration of visual pigments i
154 ivo rates of all-trans-retinal reduction and 11-cis-retinal formation during recovery from bleaching
155 ing wild-type mice, the RESTs participate in 11-cis-retinal formation.
156                              Regeneration of 11-cis retinal from all-trans retinol in the retinal pig
157  cone-specific redox reaction that generates 11-cis-retinal from 11-cis-retinol in the carp retina.
158 tor cells depend completely on the output of 11-cis-retinal from adjacent retinal pigment epithelial
159 timate that this slow spontaneous release of 11-cis-retinal from Rho should result in 10(4) to 10(5)
160            Cone photoreceptors cells can use 11-cis-retinal from the RPE and from a second more poorl
161 n, melanopsin regeneration depends partly on 11-cis-retinal from the RPE, possibly imported via Mulle
162 ce of its retinal chromophore isomerization, 11-cis-retinal --> all-trans-retinal.
163             P23H rhodopsins containing 9- or 11-cis-retinal had blue-shifted absorption maxima and al
164 f the gecko and chameleon reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal had the wavelengths of maximal absorption
165                As a result of this mutation, 11-cis retinal has been converted to an agonist.
166 to synthesize the visual pigment chromophore 11-cis retinal; however, if these animals are reared in
167  delivery resulted in substantial amounts of 11-cis retinal in Rpe65-/- mice.
168 asuring the rate of thermal isomerization of 11-cis retinal in solution, we conclude that the observe
169  native melanopsin in vivo exclusively binds 11-cis retinal in the dark and that illumination causes
170 to regenerate the visual pigment chromophore 11-cis retinal in the dark enzymatically, unlike in all
171  their chromophore from all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal in the pigment epithelium, adjacent to ph
172 nyl ester in the RPE and exhibit very little 11-cis retinal in the retina.
173                             Light isomerizes 11-cis-retinal in a retinal rod and produces an active f
174 ogical studies showed that ligand binding of 11-cis-retinal in dark-adapted Rho was essentially irrev
175                                  Addition of 11-cis-retinal in lipid vesicles, which produces regener
176 5 and Rdh11 does not limit the production of 11-cis-retinal in mice.
177 d and cone cells prevent the accumulation of 11-cis-retinal in photoreceptor disk membranes in excess
178 DH activity in the RPE, but the formation of 11-cis-retinal in rdh5-/- mice suggests another enzyme(s
179   We also show that thermal isomerization of 11-cis-retinal in solution can be catalyzed by wild-type
180 he photoreceptor cells requires formation of 11-cis-retinal in the adjacent retinal pigment epitheliu
181 ults argue against age-related deficiency of 11-cis-retinal in the B6D2F1/J mouse rod visual cycle.
182 ence of an effective production mechanism of 11-cis-retinal in the cone inner segment to regenerate v
183 e HierDock by predicting the binding site of 11-cis-retinal in the crystal structure of bovine rhodop
184 r, these results suggest that the binding of 11-cis-retinal in the ER is important for normal folding
185 used HierDock to predict the binding site of 11-cis-retinal in the MembStruk-predicted structure of b
186           The oxidation of 11-cis-retinol to 11-cis-retinal in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) r
187 strate for production of visual chromophore (11-cis-retinal) in vertebrates.
188 he presence of the pharmacological chaperone 11-cis-retinal increase the folding efficiency and resul
189 ice and the reintroduction of rosettes after 11-cis retinal injections confirm that outer segments, w
190         Light transforms the inverse agonist 11-cis-retinal into the agonist all-trans-retinal, leadi
191 h by converting vitamin A1 (the precursor of 11-cis retinal) into vitamin A2 (the precursor of 11-cis
192                              Regeneration of 11-cis retinal is essential for survival of cone photore
193 ignalling photon absorption, the chromophore 11-cis retinal is first isomerized to all-trans retinal,
194  of 11-cis to all-trans retinal happens when 11-cis retinal is in the binding pocket of rhodopsin.
195 retinal pigment epithelium is disrupted, and 11-cis retinal is not generated.
196 ation of the covalent bond between opsin and 11-cis retinal is reversible in darkness in amphibian re
197               Oxidation of 11-cis-retinol to 11-cis-retinal is accomplished by a family of enzymes te
198                                              11-cis-Retinal is bound to opsins, forming visual pigmen
199                           To sustain vision, 11-cis-retinal is continuously regenerated from its all-
200  segment of the visual cycle in which excess 11-cis-retinal is converted to all-trans-retinol provide
201                 Furthermore, the presence of 11-cis-retinal is essential for proper transport of seve
202              Regeneration of the chromophore 11-cis-retinal is essential for the generation of light-
203                      On absorption of light, 11-cis-retinal is isomerized to all-trans-retinal, const
204       The binding pocket for the chromophore 11-cis-retinal is minimally altered as palmitate-deficie
205 onstant illumination, a continuous supply of 11-cis-retinal is needed.
206                                              11-cis-retinal is the light-sensitive component in rod a
207                   Rho (rhodopsin; opsin plus 11-cis-retinal) is a prototypical G protein-coupled rece
208      Regeneration of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, is a critical step in restoring photorec
209      Regeneration of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, is a crucial step in the visual cycle re
210 cle protein required for the regeneration of 11-cis-retinal, is associated with reduced A2E accumulat
211 absorption of a photon, the covalently bound 11- cis-retinal isomerizes to the all- trans form, enabl
212 er 80%, KI/KI mice retinae retain comparable 11-cis-retinal levels with WT.
213 by gene is mutated and if the mutant reduced 11-cis-retinal levels.
214               Although essential for vision, 11-cis-retinal like all-trans-retinal is highly toxic du
215 d receptor (GPCR) that is activated when its 11-cis-retinal moiety is photoisomerized to all-trans re
216                          Regeneration of the 11-cis-retinal occurs in an adjacent tissue and involves
217 sing a single chromophore, in either the A1 (11- cis-retinal) or A2 (11- cis-3,4-dehydroretinal) form
218 and opsin dominates the natural selection of 11-cis-retinal over other cis isomers in the dark state.
219  be able to produce at least 10 molecules of 11-cis-retinal per minute.
220 ll below the K(m), the rate of production of 11-cis-retinal per RPE65 molecule was approximately 10 m
221  evaluated the responses of these mutants to 11-cis-retinal pharmacological chaperone rescue or disul
222 ting of a protein, opsin, and a chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, play a key role in shaping the light res
223 riggered only upon P-opsin regeneration with 11-cis-retinal, precluding noise generated by opsin acti
224 gene (RPE65(rd12)) with and without systemic 11-cis-retinal pretreatment.
225                         However, accelerated 11-cis-retinal production and increased susceptibility t
226                              A deficiency in 11-cis-retinal production leads to congenital blindness
227  plasma membrane are essential components in 11-cis-retinal production.
228 ased electrographic signaling and endogenous 11-cis-retinal production.
229 ire substantial recycling of the chromophore 11-cis-retinal (RAL) for continued function.
230 ese changes can be attributed to the lack of 11-cis retinal rather than to some unknown function of R
231 e prolonged effect of Ret-NH2 on the rate of 11-cis-retinal recovery in vivo.
232 ithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) disrupt 11-cis-retinal recycling and cause Leber congenital amau
233                     However, the kinetics of 11-cis-retinal recycling during dark adaptation was not
234 Rho*-Gt(e), Rho(e)*-Gt(e), and 9-cis-retinal/11-cis-retinal regenerated Rho-Gt(e) complexes by sucros
235 0 in RPE cells (Rdh10 cKO) displayed delayed 11-cis-retinal regeneration and dark adaption after brig
236  absence of prRDH did not affect the rate of 11-cis-retinal regeneration or the decay of Meta II, the
237                               Treatment with 11-cis retinal restored cone function, promoted outer se
238                        Exogenously increased 11-cis-retinal restored F81Y S-opsin protein expression
239 plementation of Rpe65(-/-)Nrl(-/-) mice with 11-cis retinal resulted in their reoccurrence.
240 sitized; subsequent treatment with exogenous 11-cis retinal results in pigment regeneration and subst
241  in complexes regenerated with 9-cis-retinal/11-cis-retinal, Rho retains a conformation similar to Rh
242         The dark-state (2)H NMR structure of 11-cis-retinal shows torsional twisting of the polyene c
243    Pups were injected intraperitoneally with 11-cis retinal, starting at postnatal day (P)10, and wer
244 dehyde, and CRALBP inhibits the reduction of 11-cis-retinal stronger than the oxidation of 11-cis-ret
245 as do not have a cone-specific mechanism for 11-cis retinal synthesis and have potential significance
246 ithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) disrupt 11-cis-retinal synthesis and cause Leber congenital amau
247 of rhodopsin to estimate the maximum rate of 11-cis-retinal synthesis in vivo.
248 of the visual cycle necessary for generating 11-cis-retinal that functions not only as a molecular sw
249 sed rod outer segments; however, it was only 11-cis-retinal that generated such fluorophores when add
250 est that lipofuscin originates from the free 11-cis-retinal that is continuously supplied to the rod
251 ithelium protein, is essential in generating 11-cis retinal, the chromophore for all opsins.
252 noid visual cycle essential for recycling of 11-cis retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments in b
253 ase that converts all-trans retinyl ester to 11-cis retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments in v
254  the visual cycle that converts vitamin A to 11-cis retinal, the chromophore of the rod and cone phot
255 strate that A2E inhibits the regeneration of 11-cis retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments, whic
256 suggested that a higher rate regeneration of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments, is
257                      Consistently, levels of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments, wer
258 tebrate retina responsible for production of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin and cone pi
259           RPE65 knockouts fail to synthesize 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin, and accumu
260 hese RPE65 antagonists block regeneration of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin, thereby de
261   RPE65 is essential for the biosynthesis of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin.
262 ial for the synthesis by isomerohydrolase of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rod and cone opsins.
263 nzymatic pathway that continuously generates 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments in ro
264 aurosis, the retinoid cycle is disrupted and 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments, is n
265        Rpe65(-/-) mice are unable to produce 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments.
266 mutant opsin is effectively rescued by 9- or 11-cis-retinal, the native chromophore.
267 rocessing all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) into 11-cis-retinal, the visual chromophore.
268                                Production of 11-cis-retinal, the visual pigment chromophore, was supp
269 ll-trans retinal must be converted back into 11-cis-retinal through a series of enzymatic steps known
270 cling of the chromophore of visual pigments, 11-cis-retinal, through the retinoid visual cycle is an
271 ges that are induced by the isomerization of 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal leading to the fully
272 light to the all-trans form be replaced with 11-cis retinal to regenerate the visual pigment.
273                      Administration of 9- or 11-cis retinal to Rpe65(-/-) mice 2 weeks of age increas
274 lude that delivery of the highly hydrophobic 11-cis retinal to the interior of rod photoreceptors app
275 onverted the unprotonated Schiff base-linked 11-cis-retinal to a protonated form.
276  governing vision: the photoisomerization of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal and the enzymatic re
277 merization of opsin-bound visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal triggers phototransd
278 toisomerization of the rhodopsin chromophore 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal.
279 is thought to provide a privileged supply of 11-cis-retinal to cones by using 11-cis-retinol generate
280 aldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP) chaperones 11-cis-retinal to convert opsin receptor molecules into
281  rods, cones use the photosensitive molecule 11-cis-retinal to detect light, and in constant illumina
282  by rhodopsin leads to photoisomerization of 11-cis-retinal to its all-trans isomer.
283  with the protonated Schiff base linking the 11-cis-retinal to Lys296.
284 central cone opsins must be regenerated with 11-cis-retinal to permit transport to the outer segments
285 tially to regenerate and continuously supply 11-cis-retinal to retinal photoreceptor cells.
286 ecent report on the in vivo role of ABCA4 in 11-cis-retinal transport.
287             Previous studies have shown that 11-cis retinal-treated mice lacking RPE65 and raised in
288 However, in this study the authors show that 11-cis retinal-treated Rpe65(-/-)Rho(-/-) mice raised in
289 ese uptake returned to normal (P>0.05) after 11-cis retinal treatment.
290                                              11-cis-retinal uptake and all-trans-retinal release were
291 inol is oxidized selectively in cones to the 11-cis-retinal used for pigment regeneration.
292                                              11-cis Retinal was introduced into Rpe65(-/-)Rho(-/-) mi
293                                    The 9- or 11-cis retinal was supplied by intraperitoneal injection
294                                           No 11-cis-retinal was detected in T(-/-) or Rpe65(-/-) mice
295 nd to be only slightly higher in energy than 11-cis-retinal, which provides strong evidence for the p
296 ng of the covalent linkage between opsin and 11-cis-retinal, which was overlooked in the electrophysi
297       A high proportion of C185A opsin binds 11-cis retinal with a slow rate that reflects a denature
298 ssess replacement of the missing chromophore 11-cis retinal with oral QLT091001 (synthetic 9-cis-reti
299       Here, we determine the consequences of 11-cis retinal withdrawal and supplementation on cone de
300 first-out processing of all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal within normally functioning RPE.

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