ライフサイエンスコーパス: ADP-ribosylate

1 nlike wild-type ART2a, ART2a(Y204R) was auto-ADP-ribosylated.

2 roteins of 50 and 25 kDa were preferentially ADP-ribosylated.

3 tivity returned as GRP78 became increasingly ADP-ribosylated.

4 ssion of signals through TCRs, which are not ADP-ribosylated.

5 history of smoking was, in fact, mono- or di-ADP-ribosylated.

6 n this study, ExoS is shown to be capable of ADP-ribosylating 6 candidate arginine residues that are

7 The fact that ExoS could ADP-ribosylate a target protein at multiple sites, along

8 eral H. pylori strains release a factor that ADP-ribosylates a mammalian target protein.

9 Pertussis toxin ADP-ribosylates a specific Cys side chain in the alpha-s

10 Although the ADP-ribosylating A subunit has been implicated in augmen

11 xin (Clostridium difficile transferase) that ADP-ribosylates actin and induces microtubule-based cell

12 intracellular virulence factor, spvB, which ADP-ribosylates actin, strongly inhibited VAP formation

13 e-directed mutagenesis demonstrates that the ADP-ribosylating activity of SpvB is essential for Salmo

14 s closely related to ExoT but has additional ADP-ribosylating activity, can substitute for ExoT as an

15 er Parp1 or Parp7, or upon inhibition of the ADP-ribosylating activity, ES cells exhibit a decrease i

16 amino acids associated with NAD binding and ADP-ribosylating activity, similar to pertussis toxin (P

17 that the N-terminal region is essential for ADP-ribosylating activity.

18 h recombinant protein exhibits a strong auto-ADP-ribosylating activity.

19 mmon core structure forms the active site of ADP-ribosylating (ADPRT) toxins, the limited-sequence ho

20 capacities of ART1-Pro257 and ART1-Leu257 to ADP-ribosylate agmatine or fibroblast growth factor-2 we

21 Tiparp ADP-ribosylated AHR but not its dimerization partner, th

22 We found that PT efficiently ADP ribosylated AM G proteins both in vitro and after in

23 CerADPr ADP-ribosylated an ~120 kDa protein in HeLa cell lysates

24 n the resistant cell line, HA22 is unable to ADP ribosylate and inactivate elongation factor-2 (EF2),

25 ed with C3 exoenzyme to adenine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylate and inactivate RhoA, and the function of

26 T cells) efficiently adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylates and thus inactivates the guanosine trip

27 4 is a mitochondrial enzyme that uses NAD to ADP-ribosylate and downregulate glutamate dehydrogenase

28 sistance was due to the inability of HA22 to ADP-ribosylate and inactivate EF2.

29 otulinum toxin C3 exoenzyme has been used to ADP-ribosylate and inactivate rho.

30 The tryptophan mutant ART2b(R204W) was auto-ADP-ribosylated and exhibited enhanced NADase activity.

31 by only ten amino acids, only ART2b is auto-ADP-ribosylated and only ART2a is glycosylated.

32 Our results support that ExoS ADP-ribosylates and affects the function of the cytosoli

33 Treatment with pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates G(i), blocked S1P-mediat

34 Treatment with pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates G(i)-coupled receptors,

35 C3 exoenzyme ADP-ribosylates and inactivates Rho with high specificit

36 The C3 exoenzyme, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates Rho, fully inhibited bot

37 transferase of Clostridium botulinum, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates RhoA, to investigate the

38 Pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates susceptible G proteins,

39 om Clostridium botulinum, which specifically ADP-ribosylates and inactivates the small G protein Rho.

40 We found that PARP-1 ADP-ribosylates and inhibits negative elongation factor

41 ith Clostridium botulinum C3, an enzyme that ADP-ribosylates and specifically inactivates RhoA, inhib

42 m damaged cells during inflammation, ARTC2.2 ADP-ribosylates and thereby gates the P2X7 ion channel.

43 unotoxin that kills CD22-expressing cells by ADP-ribosylating and inactivating elongation factor-2 (E

44 ently reported that an M. pneumoniae-derived ADP-ribosylating and vacuolating toxin called community-

45 Recently, we identified an ADP-ribosylating and vacuolating toxin of M. pneumoniae,

46 VahC was shown to ADP-ribosylate Arg-177 of actin, and the kinetic paramet

47 In this study, we show that Certhrax ADP-ribosylates Arg-433 of vinculin, a protein that coor

48 ts that the hydrophobic amino acid mimics an ADP-ribosylated arginine.

49 The P gamma domain containing ADP-ribosylated arginines was shown to be involved in it

50 Based on the change in mobility of auto-ADP-ribosylated ART5 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electroph

51 Auto-ADP-ribosylated ART5 isolated after incubation with NAD

52 the small GTP-binding protein family Rho by ADP-ribosylating asparagine 41, which depolymerizes the

53 lysine, the +2 position, are preferentially ADP-ribosylated at the +2 residue.

54 We demonstrate that the pool of ADP-ribosylated Axin, which is degraded under basal cond

55 to the toxicity and cellular effects of the ADP-ribosylating bacterial toxin and reveal that mutants

56 itecture distinct from other well-recognized ADP-ribosylating bacterial toxins.

57 nd elevated levels of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylated BiP in the inactive pancreas of fasted

58 Interestingly, MPN372 ADP ribosylates both identical and distinct mammalian pr

59 e results from this study indicate that ExoS ADP-ribosylates both normal and mutant Ras proteins in v

60 Thus, arginines 14 and 24, which can be ADP ribosylated by ART1, are critical to the regulation

61 mber of the Ras GTPase subfamily that can be ADP ribosylated by ExoS and indicates that ExoS can inhi

62 T-cadherin could be ADP-ribosylated by a transferase that was also present i

63 osphorylation but that arginine 33, which is ADP-ribosylated by an endogenous ADP-ribosyltransferase,

64 However, rather than being ADP-ribosylated by an H. pylori toxin, the intrinsic pol

65 ecular mass 80-110 kDa were more extensively ADP-ribosylated by ART1-Pro257 than ART1-Leu257, in acco

66 s ADP-ribosylation comigrated with a protein ADP-ribosylated by cholera toxin and was recognized and

67 R140Q dinitrogenase reductase could not be ADP-ribosylated by DRAT, although it still formed a cros

68 subunit of cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), is ADP-ribosylated by endogenous ADP-ribosyltransferase whe

69 th arginine 33 and arginine 36 are similarly ADP-ribosylated by endogenous ADP-ribosyltransferase, bu

70 The 27-kDa protein ADP-ribosylated by ExoS was determined to be apolipoprot

71 haracterized the mammalian proteins that are ADP-ribosylated by ExoT, using two-dimensional SDS-PAGE

72 Several mammalian cell proteins are ADP-ribosylated by MYPE9110, and the full-length recombi

73 at transcription factor NFAT binds to and is ADP-ribosylated by PARP-1 in an activation-dependent man

74 A-PK, and the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK is ADP-ribosylated by PARP.

75 HT-29 human epithelial cells, where Rac1 is ADP-ribosylated by TTS-ExoS, Rac1 was activated and relo

76 The Rho ADP-ribosylating C3 exoenzyme (C3bot) is a bacterial pro

77 r macrophages, express ADPRT and are able to ADP-ribosylate cell surface proteins.

78 d adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and/or may ADP-ribosylate cell-surface receptors, resulting in acti

79 ins to provide the first genome-wide view of ADP-ribosylated chromatin.

80 tion of Ibp was necessary for docking of the ADP-ribosylating component, iota a (Ia).

81 function, and ExoT was subsequently shown to ADP-ribosylate Crk (CT10 regulator of kinase)-I and Crk-

82 ExoS did not ADP-ribosylate Crk-I.

83 pull-down and far Western assays showed that ADP-ribosylated Crk-I or Crk-I(R20K) failed to bind p130

84 ADP-ribosylated defensin-1 had decreased antimicrobial a

85 We identified ADP-ribosylated defensin-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage flu

86 Further, ADP-ribosylated defensin-1 inhibited cytotoxic and antim

87 reductase, in that both oxygen-denatured and ADP-ribosylated dinitrogenase reductase fail to form a c

88 elongation factor 2 (eEF2) is the target of ADP ribosylating diphtheria toxin (DT) and Pseudomonas e

89 It is shown that ART-1 ADP-ribosylates distinct cell surface molecules, causing

90 helial permeability were associated with the ADP-ribosylating domain of ExoS, as bacteria expressing

91 or regulator of actin polymerization; and an ADP-ribosylating domain that affects the ERM proteins, w

92 may not allow the toxin's translocating and ADP-ribosylating domains to reach the cytosol but rather

93 each of the corresponding translocating and ADP-ribosylating domains.

94 Ras was found to be ADP-ribosylated during coculture with 388 but not with 3

95 tions of eukaryotic ribosomes complexed with ADP-ribosylated eEF2 (ADPR-eEF2), before and after GTP h

96 slation and found that DTM has no ability to ADP-ribosylate EF-2 at 18 or 30 degrees C.

97 ch then translocates to the cytosol where it ADP-ribosylates elongation factor 2 and inhibits protein

98 ragment that translocates to the cytosol and ADP-ribosylates elongation factor 2.

99 l effects of ExoS on RalA, ExoS was found to ADP-ribosylate endogenous RalA and recombinant RalADelta

100 the chimeric toxin DC3B (10(-6) M, 48 h; ; ) ADP-ribosylated endogenous RhoA, including cytosolic Rho

101 The ADP-ribosylating enterotoxins, cholera toxin (CT) and th

102 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and ADP-ribosylating enzyme activities that may relate to ea

103 Production of the ADP-ribosylating enzyme exoenzyme S (ExoS) by Pseudomona

104 actor beta signaling mediated by the nuclear ADP-ribosylating enzyme poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (

105 Exoenzyme S (ExoS), an ADP-ribosylating enzyme produced by the opportunistic pa

106 testine where they secrete cholera toxin, an ADP-ribosylating enzyme that is responsible for the volu

107 re, we present evidence that spvB encodes an ADP-ribosylating enzyme that uses actin as a substrate a

108 uring EGFR inhibition, particularly the poly-ADP-ribosylating enzymes tankyrase 1 and 2 that positive

109 AV939 stabilizes axin by inhibiting the poly-ADP-ribosylating enzymes tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2.

110 ADP-ribosylating enzymes, such as cholera and diphtheria

111 C3 ADP-ribosyl transferase (C3) toxin, a Rho-ADP-ribosylating exoenzyme, potently inhibited migration

112 Auto-ADP-ribosylated ExoS analyzed from eukaryotic cells disp

113 The 50-kDa protein was determined to be auto-ADP-ribosylated ExoS, whereas the 25-kDa protein appeare

114 e III secreted ExoS but more basic than auto-ADP-ribosylated ExoS.

115 In J774A.1 macrophages, where Rac1 was not ADP-ribosylated, ExoS caused a decrease in the levels of

116 CT, a member of the bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxin (bARE) family, is most potent

117 ExoS) is a member of the family of bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxins (bAREs).

118 immunization is not restricted to CT or the ADP-ribosylating exotoxins as adjuvants.

119 Consistent with the latter finding, non-ADP-ribosylating exotoxins, including an oligonucleotide

120 ubset of such toxins is the NAD(+)-dependent ADP-ribosylating exotoxins, which include pertussis, cho

121 Exoenzyme S is an ADP-ribosylating extracellular protein of Pseudomonas ae

122 vesicles, was identified with antibodies to ADP-ribosylating factor and to epsilon-COP.

123 2 (GIT1 and GIT2) are scaffold proteins with ADP-ribosylating factor GTPase activity.

124 ia an intermediate in which the phosphate is ADP-ribosylated followed by a presumed transesterificati

125 odified by ARTs, the sites on these proteins ADP-ribosylated following DNA damage and the ARTs that c

126 complex with a 40-kDa protein, which in its ADP-ribosylated form inhibits p56lck kinase activity.

127 ximide resulted in the selective loss of the ADP-ribosylated form of GRP78 and increased sensitivity

128 n that PT can affect neutrophils directly by ADP ribosylating G(i) proteins associated with surface c

129 n immune cells independent of its ability to ADP-ribosylate G proteins.

130 ecause treatment with pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates G proteins of the G(i/o) family, caused

131 activity nor the related cholera toxin that ADP-ribosylates G(s) (but not G(i)) proteins blocked EAU

132 iously shown to inhibit the ability of PT to ADP-ribosylate Gi proteins in intact CHO cells also inhi

133 ls via this pathway and is required by PT to ADP-ribosylate Gi proteins.

134 DP-ribosylation assay, the ability of PT and ADP-ribosylate Gi-2 and Gi-3 intact CHO cells was not in

135 > 95%, did not inhibit the ability of PT to ADP-ribosylate Gi-2 and Gi-3.

136 The cytosolic CTA1 then ADP ribosylates Gsalpha, resulting in adenylate cyclase

137 or 2 (SIR2) protein family employs NAD(+) to ADP-ribosylate histones, deacetylate histones, or both.

138 ort, we find no evidence that these proteins ADP-ribosylate histones.

139 PARP-1 binds to nucleosomes and poly(ADP-ribosylates) histones and several chromatin-associat

140 erted nonenzymatically to ornithine and that ADP-ribosylated HNP-1 and ADP-ribosyl-HNP-(ornithine) we

141 T1 on the surface of airway epithelial cells ADP-ribosylated HNP-1 specifically on arginines 14 and 2

142 ADP-ribosylated HNP-1 was identified in bronchoalveolar

143 Di- and mono-ADP-ribosylated HNP-1 were isolated from bronchoalveolar

144 ibosyl-HNP-ornithine as well as mono- and di-ADP-ribosylated HNP-1, consistent with in vivo conversio

145 lpha (both GTP- and GDP-bound forms) was not ADP-ribosylated; however, agmatine, which cannot interac

146 Subtyping showed that ExoS preferentially ADP-ribosylated human IgG3 and that ADP-ribosylation occ

147 Recombinant Gialpha1-subunits were rapidly ADP-ribosylated in the absence of betagamma-subunits, wi

148 tine, which cannot interact with Talpha, was ADP-ribosylated in the presence of Talpha, suggesting th

149 Analysis of ADP-ribosylated in vitro transcribed/translated Ras muta

150 d1 and Smad5, interact with PARP1 and can be ADP-ribosylated in vitro, whereas PARG causes deribosyla

151 Moesin homologs ezrin and radixin were also ADP-ribosylated, indicating the ERMs collectively repres

152 pathway in the cytosol and then proceeds to ADP ribosylate its target G(s)alpha, triggering the down

153 oly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), which ADP ribosylates KDM4D after damage.

154 ed virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis, ADP ribosylates mammalian G(i) proteins and plays an imp

155 easurements were made of their capacities to ADP-ribosylate membrane-associated proteins on the surfa

156 -delivered exoenzyme S (ExoS) preferentially ADP-ribosylated membrane-associated His(6)HRas, relative

157 es in vitro led to an early increase of poly(ADP) ribosylated modified protein levels.

158 Type III delivered ExoS ADP-ribosylated moesin and ezrin (and/or radixin) in cul

159 The ADP-ribosylated moiety of ubiquitin is a substrate for t

160 ADP-ribosylated molecules were identified as LFA-1, CD8,

161 onds in auto-ADP-ribosylated rat RT6.2, auto-ADP-ribosylated mouse Rt6, and ADP-ribosylhistone synthe

162 analysis also revealed that levels of a poly(ADP-ribosylated) Mr 100,000 protein, tentatively identif

163 Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S (ExoS) ADP-ribosylates multiple eukaryotic targets to promote c

164 eumoniae, enable transformants to reversibly ADP-ribosylate nitrogenase Fe protein in response to the

165 ng with earlier observations that ExoS could ADP-ribosylate numerous target proteins, were properties

166 While both chains are ADP-ribosylated on the extracellular domain of the molec

167 tivities were tested for their ability to be ADP-ribosylated or to form a complex with dinitrogenase

168 ditions, these observations suggest that the ADP-ribosylated P gamma cannot interact with GTP/T alpha

169 zyme(s) to release the radioactivity of [32P]ADP-ribosylated P gamma in concentration- and time-depen

170 (ADP)-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) and mono-ADP-ribosylates PARP1 on lysine residue 521, thereby sti

171 -ribosylation acceptor sites but also boosts ADP-ribosylated peptide identifications.

172 cetylation reaction intermediate to yield an ADP-ribosylated peptide.

173 to generate large amounts of site-specific, ADP-ribosylated peptides would provide a useful tool for

174 ilar to most biglutamate ADPRTs, was able to ADP-ribosylate poly-l-arginine.

175 These potentially ADP-ribosylated precursors were then selected and analyz

176 activity of the combined vector requires the ADP-ribosylating property of CTA1.

177 RG, by generating protein-free PAR from poly-ADP ribosylated protein, makes PAR translocation possibl

178 ndent and intrinsic pathways as well as poly(ADP)-ribosylating protein (PARP) activity in myocardial

179 Biochemical analysis showed that the 150-kDa ADP-ribosylated protein was immunoglobulin of the immuno

180 Tankyrase (TNKS) is a poly-ADP-ribosylating protein (PARP) whose activity suppresse

181 rviving 1 to 10 weeks after injection of the ADP-ribosylating protein diphtheria toxin (DTX) into one

182 One of these supernatant proteins is the ADP-ribosylating protein known as streptococcal plasmin

183 We found increased amounts of poly(ADP) ribosylated proteins in diabetic kidneys of Lepr(db

184 ARylation, respectively) from mono- and poly(ADP)-ribosylated proteins, respectively.

185 st publicly available database encapsulating ADP-ribosylated proteins identified from the past 40 yea

186 and have led to the discovery of hundreds of ADP-ribosylated proteins in both cultured cells and mous

187 ed a statistically significant enrichment of ADP-ribosylated proteins in non-membranous RNA granules.

188 tp53 expression, resulting in increased poly-ADP-ribosylated proteins in the nucleus.

189 as utilized a variety of methods to identify ADP-ribosylated proteins, recent proteomics studies brin

190 e, we have created ADPriboDB - a database of ADP-ribosylated proteins.

191 mily and has the potential to illuminate the ADP-ribosylated proteome and the molecular mechanisms us

192 e the human aspartic acid- and glutamic acid-ADP-ribosylated proteome.

193 ponsible for this inhibition is one in which ADP-ribosylated Rap binds inefficiently to C3G, relative

194 In this study, we report that ExoS ADP ribosylates Rap1b at Arg41 and that ADP ribosylation

195 Previous studies showed that ExoS ADP ribosylated Ras at Arg41 which interfered with the a

196 cule of Ras, which suggested that ExoS could ADP-ribosylate Ras at more than one arginine residue.

197 ensional electrophoresis found the former to ADP-ribosylate Ras at two sites, while the latter modifi

198 eLa cells but limited the ability of ExoS to ADP-ribosylate Ras GTPases.

199 y into HeLa cells, or the ability of ExoS to ADP-ribosylate Ras GTPases.

200 A mutants were examined for their ability to ADP-ribosylate Ras in vitro or in vivo.

201 c for eukaryotic cells and has been shown to ADP-ribosylate Ras in vivo and uncouple a Ras-mediated s

202 ytoskeleton (a Rho GAP activity), it did not ADP-ribosylate Ras.

203 Initial experiments showed that ADP-ribosylated Ras (ADP-r-Ras) and unmodified Ras (Ras)

204 at Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S (ExoS) ADP-ribosylated Ras at multiple sites.

205 rometry of V8 protease generated peptides of ADP-ribosylated Ras identified the sites of ADP-ribosyla

206 r the ADP-ribosylation of Ras by ExoS, where ADP-ribosylated Ras loses the ability to bind guanine nu

207 ide gel electrophoresis analysis showed that ADP-ribosylated Ras possessed a slower mobility than non

208 Under saturating conditions, ExoS ADP-ribosylated Ras to a stoichiometry of 2 mol of ADP-r

209 Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S (ExoS) ADP-ribosylated Ras to a stoichiometry of approximately

210 ted Ras possessed a slower mobility than non-ADP-ribosylated Ras.

211 ExoS ADP-ribosylates Ras and prevents it from interacting wit

212 Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S double ADP-ribosylates Ras at Arg(41) and Arg(128).

213 The ADP-ribosyl-protein bonds in auto-ADP-ribosylated rat RT6.2, auto-ADP-ribosylated mouse Rt

214 ExoT ADP-ribosylated recombinant Crk-I at a rate similar to t

215 ExoS ADP-ribosylated recombinant moesin at a linear velocity

216 Pretreatment of myocytes with C3 exoenzyme ADP-ribosylated Rho and inhibited the characteristic alp

217 approximately eightfold, consistent with the ADP-ribosylated Rho functioning as a dominant negative i

218 es with exoenzyme C3 for 48 hours completely ADP-ribosylated Rho in vivo.

219 Exoenzyme C3 of Clostridium botulinum ADP-ribosylates Rho at Asn41, a modification that functi

220 trate for C3 transferase, which specifically ADP-ribosylates Rho GTPases.

221 erase from Clostridium botulinum selectively ADP-ribosylates Rho in its effector-binding domain and t

222 from Clostridium botulinum which selectively ADP-ribosylates Rho within its effector domain and there

223 dominant negative form of RhoA, or in vitro ADP-ribosylated RhoA impaired the ability of cells to mi

224 S, which prevents immunoprecipitation of non-ADP-ribosylated RhoA.

225 emains to be defined, ExoS has been shown to ADP-ribosylate several eukaryotic proteins in vitro, inc

226 One of these effectors, ExoS, ADP-ribosylates several host cell proteins, including Ra

227 LTA also ADP-ribosylates simple guanidino compounds (e.g., argini

228 intracellular membranes and targeted ExoS to ADP-ribosylate small molecular weight membrane proteins

229 main unknown, but may involve its ability to ADP-ribosylate-specific G-proteins.

230 All the Salmonella SeoC/SboC homologues ADP-ribosylate Src E310 in vitro Ectopic expression of S

231 d the C-terminal binding protein/brefeldin A-ADP ribosylated substrate protein ANGUSTIFOLIA1, and our

232 Brefeldin-A ADP-ribosylated substrate (BARS) and dynamin function in

233 We now show that Brefeldin-A ADP-Ribosylated Substrate (BARS) plays a critical role i

234 l binding protein, brefeldin A (BFA)-induced ADP-ribosylated substrate (CtBP1/BARS) regulates neutral

235 ns from the macrodomain family can hydrolyze ADP-ribosylated substrates and therefore reverse this po

236 ns can reverse ADP-ribosylation by acting on ADP-ribosylated substrates through the hydrolytic activi

237 ytic deletion peptide of ExoS (DeltaN222) to ADP-ribosylate target proteins in the absence of FAS.

238 homeostasis and Wnt signaling, by covalently ADP-ribosylating target proteins and consequently regula

239 Recombinant PARP was able to ADP-ribosylate TEF-1 in vitro.

240 inds to the 5'-UTR of L1 loci, where it mono-ADP ribosylates the nuclear corepressor protein, KAP1, a

241 keleton dynamics, and the ability of ExoS to ADP-ribosylate the ERM proteins links ADP-ribosylation w

242 affect either the ability of PT to directly ADP-ribosylate the heterotrimeric G protein, Gt, or the

243 ExoS ADP-ribosylated the double mutant, RasR41K,R128K, to a s

244 Dtx3L/Parp9 ADP-ribosylates the carboxyl group of Ub Gly76.

245 Within the cell, ExoS ADP-ribosylates the cell signaling protein Ras and cause

246 HopU1 ADP-ribosylates the conserved arginine 49 of GRP7, and t

247 Pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates the Gi proteins known to couple to the C

248 crosses the ER membrane, enters the cytosol, ADP-ribosylates the stimulatory alpha subunit of the het

249 After the PB2 and PA proteins are poly(ADP-ribosylated), they are associated with the region of

250 d morbidity and mortality, produce the actin-ADP ribosylating toxin Clostridium difficile transferase

251 nd mortality, additionally produce the actin-ADP-ribosylating toxin C. difficile transferase (CDT).

252 gest that SpvB functions as an intracellular ADP-ribosylating toxin critical for the pathogenesis of

253 um difficile transferase) is a binary, actin ADP-ribosylating toxin frequently associated with hyperv

254 Domain II resembles the ADP-ribosylating toxin from Bacillus cereus, but the act

255 third C. difficile toxin, is a binary actin-ADP-ribosylating toxin that causes depolymerization of a

256 This proposed bipartite ADP-ribosylating toxin turn-turn (ARTT) motif places the

257 ytxAB genes have the potential to encode an ADP-ribosylating toxin with similarity to pertussis toxi

258 er consistent with the action of a bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxin.

259 of the ytxAB locus, which encodes a putative ADP-ribosylating toxin.

260 ADP-ribosylating toxins comprise a large family, includi

261 re NAD-binding beta-sandwich fold with other ADP-ribosylating toxins despite little sequence conserva

262 reduction confers resistance not only to the ADP-ribosylating toxins PE and DT, but also to tumor nec

263 interfere with apoptosis mediated by TNF and ADP-ribosylating toxins suggests that CAS may play a rol

264 y general recognition motif region for other ADP-ribosylating toxins that have a similar beta-structu

265 ated in this study may also apply to several ADP-ribosylating toxins that move from the endosomes to

266 Unlike the ADP-ribosylating toxins that possess the active site loo

267 oxin from Bordetella pertussis is one of the ADP-ribosylating toxins which are the cytotoxic agents o

268 in toxin belonging to a larger family of A/B ADP-ribosylating toxins.

269 ely resistant to several different bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxins.

270 f an active site loop observed in many other ADP-ribosylating toxins.

271 Human tankyrase 1 is reported to ADP-ribosylate TRF1 and to down-regulate the telomeric r

272 Tankyrase 1 ADP-ribosylates TRF1 in vitro, and its overexpression in

273 Tankyrase 1 ADP-ribosylates TRF1, inhibiting its binding to telomeri

274 ExoT ADP-ribosylated two cytosolic proteins in cell lysates u

275 We have observed that ExoS preferentially ADP-ribosylated two extracellular serum proteins with mo

276 itylate serine residues in substrates via an ADP-ribosylated ubiquitin intermediate.

277 hich activates ubiquitin by the formation of ADP-ribosylated ubiquitin.

278 eration that approximately 50% of P gamma is ADP-ribosylated under these conditions, these observatio

279 Recent studies observed that ExoS is auto-ADP-ribosylated upon delivery into eukaryotic cells.

280 ses a 2000-fold reduction in the capacity to ADP-ribosylate, were transiently expressed in eukaryotic

281 e carboxy-terminal catalytic fragment became ADP-ribosylated with [32P]-3'-dNAD+ as a substrate.