ライフサイエンスコーパス: AFGP

1 AFGP/ice dynamics was dominated by fast-scale motions (n

2 AFGPs appear to remain undegraded in the intestinal mili

3 AFGPs in both fishes are made as a family of discretely

4 ucture as its overall conformation, although AFGP does adopt other conformations during the course of

5 a combination of freeze avoidance offered by AFGPs and subsequent exploitation of new habitats and op

6 e protease), and surprisingly three chimeric AFGP/TLP, one of which was previously hypothesized to be

7 e liver, is the likely source of circulatory AFGPs in notothenioid fishes.

8 te from a pancreatic trypsinogen, Arctic cod AFGP genes share no sequence identity with the trypsinog

9 type length variation results from different AFGP copy number, suggesting substantial dynamism existe

10 We selected fish AFGPs (AFGP8, AFGP1-5), and a beetle AFP (DAFP1) with in

11 of the 14-amino acid antifreeze glycoprotein AFGP-8 have concluded that the molecule lacks long-range

12 adaptive phenotype, antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP) that enables Antarctic notothenioid survival in th

13 roteins (AFPs) and antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) enable the survival of organisms living in subfre

14 The origin of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) in Antarctic notothenioid fishes has become a cla

15 ave found that the antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) of the predominant Antarctic fish taxon, the noto

16 proteins (AFPs) or antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) to avoid inoculative freezing by internalized ice

17 uce near-identical antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) to survive in their respective freezing environme

18 Antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs), found in the blood of polar fish at concentratio

19 ults provide evidence for a new model of how AFGPs prevent water from freezing.

20 o the nature of conformations and motions in AFGP-8, we have undertaken molecular dynamics simulation

21 osition and relative abundance of intestinal AFGP isoforms are nearly identical to serum AFGPs.

22 rption of intact pancreas-derived intestinal AFGPs, and not the liver, is the likely source of circul

23 GP in D(2)O, in H(2)O, and of freeze-dried m*AFGP were performed as a function of temperature.

24 (13)C-NMR experiments of m*AFGP in D(2)O, in H(2)O, and of freeze-dried m*AFGP were

25 saida were dimethylated at the N-terminus (m*AFGP) and their dynamics and conformational properties w

26 tein genes, with each gene encoding multiple AFGP molecules linked in tandem by small cleavable space

27 First, although Antarctic notothenioid AFGP genes have been shown to originate from a pancreati

28 uence divergence (4-7%) between notothenioid AFGP and trypsinogen genes indicates that the transforma

29 haracterization and analyses of notothenioid AFGP and trypsinogen genes.

30 nto the molecular mechanisms of notothenioid AFGP gene family evolution driven by Southern Ocean glac

31 fferent NMR structures, 20 ns of dynamics of AFGP were explored.

32 Addition of less than 1 mg/ml of AFGP prevents up to 100% of this leakage, both during ch

33 effect of hydration on the local mobility of AFGP and the lack of significant change in the backbone

34 eoclimate, we demonstrate that the origin of AFGP occurred between 42 and 22 Ma, which includes a per

35 le differences in the motional properties of AFGP between the different states.

36 he exocrine pancreas to be the major site of AFGP synthesis and secretion in all life stages, and tha

37 we conclude that the stabilizing effects of AFGPs on intact cells during chilling reported by Rubins

38 We investigated the effects of AFGPs on the leakage of a trapped marker from liposomes

39 t least 10 million years after the origin of AFGPs, during a second cooling event in the Late Miocene

40 : the complete absence of liver synthesis of AFGPs in any life stage of the Antarctic notothenioids,

41 ntrol crystal growth of carbohydrates and on AFGPs controlling non-ice-like crystals.

42 tion in all life stages, and that pancreatic AFGPs enter the intestinal lumen via the pancreatic duct

43 The primordial AFGP gene apparently arose through recruitment of the 5'

44 ions, we reconstructed the highly repetitive AFGP genomic locus.

45 Third, the repetitive AFGP tripeptide (Thr-Ala/Pro-Ala) coding sequences are d

46 se two polar fishes evolved their respective AFGPs separately and thus arrived at the same AFGPs thro

47 FGPs separately and thus arrived at the same AFGPs through convergent evolution.

48 AFGP isoforms are nearly identical to serum AFGPs.

49 that the presence of prolines in this small AFGP structure facilitates the adoption of the poly-prol

50 (363.6 kbp and 467.4 kbp) containing tandem AFGP, two TLP (trypsinogen-like protease), and surprisin

51 This pattern indicates that AFGP was not the sole trigger of the notothenioid adapti

52 The dynamics show that AFGP structure is composed of four segments, joined by v

53 The data suggest that AFGP adopts a similar type of three-dimensional fold bot

54 usly, Rubinsky et al. provided evidence that AFGPs block ion fluxes across membranes during cooling,

55 d substructures provide strong evidence that AFGPs in these two polar fishes in fact evolved independ

56 tifreeze activity may be induced because the AFGP perturbs the aqueous solvent over long distances.

57 n the frigid Southern Ocean, we isolated the AFGP genomic locus from a bacterial artificial chromosom

58 m existed in the evolutionary history of the AFGP gene family.

59 arent similarities, detailed analyses of the AFGP gene sequences and substructures provide strong evi

60 Characterizations of the AFGP genes from notothenioids and the Arctic cod show th

61 ntegral part of the overall stability of the AFGP molecule.

62 , and of the main phyletic divergence of the AFGP-bearing notothenioid families at 7-15 mya.

63 ard bulk water behavior strongly reduces the AFGP antifreeze activity, further supporting our model.

64 Second, the AFGP genes of the two fish have different intron-exon or

65 thenioids and the Arctic cod show that their AFGPs are both encoded by a family of polyprotein genes,

66 In other words, this AFGP molecule has many structurally distinct and energet

67 The notothenioid trypsinogen to AFGP conversion is the first clear example of how an old

68 h was previously hypothesized to be a TLP-to-AFGP evolutionary intermediate.

69 eakage, although not to the extent seen with AFGPs.