ライフサイエンスコーパス: ART

1 ART creates widespread protein and lipid damage inside i

2 ART was restarted promptly.

3 ART-induced eIF2alpha phosphorylation is mediated by the

4 ART-naive HIV-1-infected patients from Cameroon were sub

5 e-positive diagnoses linked to ART per 1,000 ART initiations, life expectancy (LE, in years) and per-

6 lity (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.34, p = 0.004), ART initiation (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.96-1.40, p = 0.12), me

7 p A5175, a randomized, open-label study of 3 ART regimens among 1571 participants.

8 We processed 66 ART-naive HIV-1-positive patients with highly diverse su

9 esting at the time of diagnosis, accelerated ART initiation, and short message service (SMS) health m

10 After ART initiation, a significantly higher abundance of tran

11 occurring 12.8 (IQR, 4.0-36.1) months after ART initiation, lasting for 7.5 (IQR, 4.1-20.3) months.

12 therapy (ART) can fuel rebound viremia after ART interruption and is a central obstacle to the cure o

13 of the ART-treated animals at 7 weeks after ART interruption, and no replication-competent virus was

14 frequency of defects has been reported among ART-conceived infants, suggesting an epigenetic cost.

15 through HIV/AIDS sentinel hospital-based and ART service delivery in China.

16 irmatory testing averted costly HIV care and ART in truly HIV-uninfected infants, it was cost-saving:

17 ntion was high, although linkage to care and ART initiation took longer than expected.

18 st use, seeking HIV-related medical care and ART initiation.

19 9; I(2)=51%, adjusted for CD4 cell count and ART duration), and there was some evidence of associatio

20 to be level 2A county general hospitals and ART delivery sites.

21 ysis, age, historical plasma viral load, and ART regimen changes prior to interruption were associate

22 Traditional, HIV-specific, and ART-specific risk factors all contribute.

23 tions concerning knowledge of HIV status and ART coverage among adults not consenting to the interven

24 We assessed whether same-day HIV testing and ART initiation improves retention and virologic suppress

25 d ART initiation or same-day HIV testing and ART initiation.

26 include IR tests (175 US dollars [USD]) and ART (41100-44900 USD/year).

27 Artemisinin (ART)-based combination therapies are the most efficaciou

28 ave decreased susceptibility to artemisinin (ART) derivatives and ACT partner drugs, resulting in inc

29 itiating facility) over calendar time and as ART services matured, and identified factors associated

30 documentation and lower median CD4 count at ART initiation was associated with increased 6-month att

31 ce be enhanced and account for CD4 levels at ART initiation.

32 of life was worse with DRV/r- than DTG-based ART, no IR testing was clinically preferred over an even

33 es to optimize the effectiveness of PI-based ART in high-tuberculosis-burden settings are needed.

34 stop ART in pregnancy were considered to be ART exposed from conception.

35 ng ART before conception and those who began ART after conception.

36 (1.30, 1.04-1.62) than were those who began ART after conception.

37 HIV-positive women and those breastfeeding; ART treatments can suppress viral load and are key to pr

38 This is partly explained by ART-induced increases in CD4 cell count, but not by incr

39 patients initiating their first combination ART regimen.

40 uppression on once-daily (QD) DRV-containing ART at screening.

41 tion of ongoing viral replication on current ART regimens, we analyzed HIV populations in longitudina

42 CI: 1.04, 1.38; p = 0.015) for the same-day ART group compared to the standard ART group, and the un

43 s were assigned to immediate versus deferred ART eligibility, as determined by a CD4 count < 350 cell

44 ify the effects of immediate versus deferred ART on the risk of severe bacterial infection in people

45 of continuing virus production in LT despite ART, indicated two important sources for rebound followi

46 Secondary outcomes included HIV diagnosis, ART among previously diagnosed individuals, and viral su

47 among HIV-infected women who started 3-drug ART regimens before their last menstrual period and did

48 induced abortion, and had documented 3-drug ART use.

49 1 RNA, antibody negative) followed by 4-drug ART intensification.

50 ociated gene signatures persist, even during ART.

51 ize of the persistent viral reservoir during ART, and significantly increased their contribution to t

52 the occurrence of detectable viraemia during ART below this threshold and its effect on treatment out

53 Early ART was associated with increased I-FABP levels but norm

54 observed good uptake for both PrEP and early ART; however, retention rates for PrEP were low.

55 inhibition of CD8(+) T cells, despite early ART.

56 re HIV-positive, 93% were eligible for early ART (n = 148/160).

57 imately US$126 for PrEP and US$406 for early ART per person-year.

58 demonstrated the clinical efficacy of early ART; however, these trials may miss an important real-wo

59 to linkage, assessment for ART eligibility, ART initiation and time to ART initiation, viral suppres

60 Despite excellent ART coverage in Botswana, there is still a substantial b

61 roving awareness of HIV status and expanding ART to prevent losses in HRQoL that occur with untreated

62 ulation following ART initiation may explain ART-induced bone loss.

63 isease progression during individuals' first ART interruption episode.

64 ssociated with T-cell repopulation following ART initiation may explain ART-induced bone loss.

65 B cell dysfunction and restoration following ART may provide important insights into the mechanisms o

66 -infected individuals for 10 years following ART initiation.

67 onfidence interval (CI): 2.15, 5.33) and for ART was 0.47 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.70).

68 95% CI 1.18-1.86, p = 0.002), assessment for ART eligibility (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.34, p = 0.004),

69 utcome, mean time to linkage, assessment for ART eligibility, ART initiation and time to ART initiati

70 V-positive participants to trial clinics for ART (fixed-dose combination of tenofovir, emtricitabine,

71 % were linked to care, 39% were eligible for ART, 35% initiated ART, and 33% had reached therapeutic

72 The most frequent ART regimens were TDF/3TC/EFV (39%) and AZT/3TC/NVP (34%

73 However, ART monotherapy is associated with a high frequency of r

74 g the full intervention (including immediate ART for all individuals with HIV) were used to determine

75 INTERPRETATION: Immediate ART reduces the risk of several severe bacterial infecti

76 diagnosis and staging and provide immediate ART to eligible patients.

77 than 500 cells per muL assigned to immediate ART or deferral until their CD4 cell counts were lower t

78 Despite important ART-related declines in KS incidence, men and women in S

79 of ART interruptions (a gap of >/=90 days in ART dispensation records).

80 T trial was a randomised controlled trial in ART-naive HIV-positive patients with CD4 cell count of m

81 al blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected ART-treated individuals in response to M. tuberculosis a

82 ty and mortality seen in the HIV-1-infected, ART-treated population.

83 al, we randomly assigned (1:1) HIV-infected, ART-naive children aged 0-12 years who were eligible for

84 re, 39% were eligible for ART, 35% initiated ART, and 33% had reached therapeutic response.

85 ed by CHiPs, 42% (95% CI: 40%-43%) initiated ART within 6 mo and 53% (95% CI: 52%-55%) within 12 mo.

86 3) proportion of stage 2 that ever initiated ART; and (4) proportion of stage 3 who became virally su

87 n with depressive symptoms who had initiated ART was 3.60 (95% CI: 2.02, 6.43).

88 ithout depressive symptoms who had initiated ART, the hazard ratio for women with depressive symptoms

89 al suppression among those who had initiated ART.

90 ed depressive symptoms and had not initiated ART.

91 3-2014 regardless of the date they initiated ART.

92 rom 10 HIV-1-infected children who initiated ART when viral diversity was low.

93 Initiating ART in facilities with more documented transfers and few

94 women in Cape Town, South Africa, initiating ART in pregnancy (once-daily tenofovir 300 mg, emtricita

95 ; proportions linking to care and initiating ART following referral; and overall proportions of HIV-i

96 W factorial trial, 1,206 children initiating ART in Uganda and Zimbabwe between 15 March 2007 and 18

97 Current WHO guidelines recommend initiating ART regardless of CD4+ cell count.

98 absolute number of individuals interrupting ART remained high.

99 The proportion of individuals interrupting ART within the first year of ART initiation decreased ov

100 Those interrupting ART had a median of 1 interruption (IQR, 1.0-3.0), with

101 s of age who visited 1 of the 13 Khayelitsha ART clinics from 2013-2014 regardless of the date they i

102 eeks (IQR 56-221) for patients on first-line ART and 101 weeks (IQR 51-178) for patients on second-li

103 LMICs initiating or re-initiating first-line ART from LMICs.

104 escents infected with HIV in whom first-line ART had failed (assessed by WHO criteria with virologica

105 PWUD, and assessed its impacts on first-line ART virological outcomes.

106 2.5-2.8; p<0.0001) and switch to second-line ART (HR 5.2, 4.4-6.1; p<0.0001]) compared with virologic

107 The incidence of VF on second-line ART was 12.9 per 100 person-years (n = 23), and prevalen

108 eks (IQR 51-178) for patients on second-line ART.

109 vity in protease inhibitor-based second-line ART.

110 e of the HIV-1 reservoir and a >9-month-long ART-free remission from HIV-1 replication.

111 NA in blood, better immune status, and lower ART drug distribution into CSF.

112 risk for selected birth outcomes by maternal ART regimen.

113 y and Ambrosio relational thickness maximum (ART max) were significantly lower.

114 00 HIV-infected adults receiving ART (median ART duration, 4.5 years), 5% had detectable parasitemia

115 17 studies reported the association of ART with longitudinal cervical lesion outcomes.

116 We reviewed the association of ART with these outcomes.

117 poor TB control in a longitudinal cohort of ART-treated HIV-infected South Africans.

118 ribed the timing, frequency, and duration of ART interruptions (a gap of >/=90 days in ART dispensati

119 We found a protective effect of ART initiation on mortality, as well as a harmful effect

120 As evidenced by the evolution of ART, we argue that a combination of immune-based strateg

121 idelines for these regions define failure of ART with a lenient threshold of viraemia (HIV RNA viral

122 ure incidence that is largely independent of ART regimen.

123 Their increase after initiation of ART heralded a lack of virologic or clinical response, a

124 iated with the intiation or re-initiation of ART in people who have had previous exposure to antiretr

125 reased over time despite early initiation of ART.

126 cy at age 15 years since the introduction of ART, and the shortfall of the population-wide adult life

127 (2004-2013) and had achieved high levels of ART uptake in HIV-diagnosed individuals from 2004 onward

128 udy to our knowledge to calibrate a model of ART impact to population-level recorded death data in Af

129 AIDS Cohort Study Surveillance Monitoring of ART Toxicities or International Maternal Pediatric Adole

130 Since the roll-out of ART in 2004, adult life expectancy increased by 15.2 yea

131 patients can adversely affect the outcome of ART.

132 Twenty-three percent of ART patients in the large cohort of Khayelitsha, one of

133 As use of ART before conception rapidly increases globally, monito

134 In bovine, the use of ART can induce a similar overgrowth condition, which is

135 ls interrupting ART within the first year of ART initiation decreased over time; however, the absolut

136 biquitination and proteasomal degradation of ARTs.

137 All HIV-positive individuals were offered ART using a streamlined delivery model designed to reduc

138 ch previous stage were 84% diagnosed, 84% on ART, and 85% virally suppressed (60% of people living wi

139 3427 (81.6%) of 4202 HIV-positive adults on ART and 4490 (50.9%) of 8828 HIV-positive adults.

140 plasma viremia among adults and children on ART at the WHO-recommended threshold of >1,000 copies/ml

141 With population-level data on ART utilization and laboratory testing in British Columb

142 in 2-10 years rather than several decades on ART alone.

143 iving with HIV (PLHIV) who are diagnosed, on ART, and virally suppressed out of the estimated number

144 lower CD4 cells than those with NRTI-DRMs on ART (p = 0.042).

145 10% of achieving the 90-90-90 target for "on ART" and for "viral suppression," respectively.

146 Women living with HIV on ART had lower prevalence of high-risk HPV than did those

147 ral therapy (ART), and 90% of individuals on ART have durable viral suppression.

148 1; p=0.010) and those in HIV care but not on ART (-0.008, -0.01 to -0.004; p=0.001) than in HIV-negat

149 lence of high-risk HPV than did those not on ART (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.99; I

150 infected donors (one with viremia and not on ART and three with viremia suppressed on ART) revealed t

151 ients was high, particularly in those not on ART or presenting with a high tissue parasite load.

152 2 months after HIV testing among patients on ART >/=6 months, and loss to follow-up and death at 12 m

153 Among patients on ART, 74% had VL<400 c/mL.

154 are prevalent among HIV-infected persons on ART.

155 on ART and three with viremia suppressed on ART) revealed that an average of 7% of proviruses (range

156 st 90 target) and the proportion of these on ART (second 90 target), pre- and post-intervention.

157 p < 0.001), viral suppression among those on ART for >/=6 months (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88-1.07, p = 0.55

158 t CD4 counts, activated T-cells, and time on ART were similar in both groups.

159 ducation and healthcare provider training on ART adherence be enhanced and account for CD4 levels at

160 more documented transfers and fewer women on ART, and in cohorts with poor CD4 count documentation an

161 significant fibrosis/cirrhosis at 1 year on ART.

162 significant fibrosis/cirrhosis at 1 year on ART.

163 the presence of a clinic visit, lab test, or ART initiation 6 to 18 months after initial CD4 test.

164 of 400 copies/mL or higher at 12 months post-ART initiation was significantly lower in the interventi

165 ctivation was only partially normalized post-ART, with the frequency of activated B cells (CD86(+)CD4

166 Plasma and CSF collected pre-ART were assayed for cytokines and chemokines using a 17

167 al cohort study to assess the effects of pre-ART CD4+ cell count levels on death, attrition, and deat

168 2013-2014 incidence of CM comparable to pre-ART era rates in South Africa.

169 log10 copies/mL) was linearly related to pre-ART VL.

170 d to estimate the risk of pre-treatment (pre-ART) loss from care and early loss within the first 16 w

171 s (CD86(+)CD40(+)) reduced compared with pre-ART levels (p = 0.0001), but remaining significantly hig

172 t initiation used 2006 criteria, without pre-ART genotypes.

173 f age or older who had not received previous ART and were starting ART with a CD4+ count of fewer tha

174 Prolonged ART also decreased the levels of SIV- and HIV-DNA(+) cel

175 e infection may be associated with prolonged ART-free remission.

176 ribution to the SIV reservoir with prolonged ART-mediated viral suppression.

177 axis (PrEP) program who started prophylactic ART an estimated 10 days (Participant A; 54-year-old mal

178 mportant real-world consequence of providing ART at diagnosis: its impact on retention in care.

179 s who were eligible for treatment to receive ART within 48 h (urgent group) or in 7-14 days (post-sta

180 Among 500 HIV-infected adults receiving ART (median ART duration, 4.5 years), 5% had detectable

181 tion of CTX by HIV-infected adults receiving ART resulted in progressive increases in malaria parasit

182 patients in each cohort no longer receiving ART at their initiating facility) over calendar time and

183 tality was much higher in patients receiving ART from the DDFs than sentinel hospitals, with an adjus

184 In HIV-infected patients receiving ART, chronic co-infection with HBV and HCV is associated

185 We evaluated 46956 PWHIV receiving ART in North American HIV cohorts (1995-2009).

186 To further reduce ART attrition, it is imperative that patient education a

187 ive adults had viral suppression, reflecting ART scale-up efforts to date.

188 viral replication or from those who require ART to suppress viral replication.

189 ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs) modify proteins with single units or polymers of A

190 tality after the roll-out of a public sector ART programme in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, one of the

191 Khayelitsha, one of the oldest public-sector ART programs in South Africa, disengaged from care at le

192 lence of shedding did not vary by time since ART initiation when plasma VL was detectable (P = .195),

193 Three-quarters of adolescents were on stable ART at transfer, of whom 74% were virologically suppress

194 In the standard ART group, 156 (44%) participants were retained in care

195 same-day ART group compared to the standard ART group, and the unadjusted RR for being retained with

196 nts were randomly assigned (1:1) to standard ART initiation or same-day HIV testing and ART initiatio

197 Eight children started ART at less than ten months of age and showed suppressio

198 Women who started ART before conception were significantly more likely to

199 viral therapy (ART)-naive adults who started ART during 1996-2010, who were followed from the date th

200 Among the 238 participants who started ART within 6 months of enrolment, the proportion who die

201 reconstitution-like syndrome after starting ART.

202 e lost from care within 16 weeks of starting ART.

203 not received previous ART and were starting ART with a CD4+ count of fewer than 100 cells per cubic

204 menstrual period and did not switch or stop ART in pregnancy were considered to be ART exposed from

205 PrEP Participant A stopped ART and remained aviremic for 7.4 months, rebounding wit

206 IV-1 RNA in CSF is common during suppressive ART and is associated with low-level HIV-1 RNA in blood,

207 -positive adults who were taking suppressive ART.

208 HIV persistence during long-term suppressive ART has not been established.

209 significantly between women who were taking ART before conception and those who began ART after conc

210 rigin of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) exceeds 5 million.

211 se inhibitor (NNRTI) or 3 NRTIs as long-term ART.

212 ss will depend on high rates of HIV testing, ART delivery and adherence, good patient monitoring and

213 imates of coverage of NSP, OST, HIV testing, ART, and condom programmes for PWID.

214 us retrospective studies have indicated that ART-conceived children are more likely to develop the ov

215 Here, we report that ART treatment results in phosphorylation of the parasite

216 The ART (Arterial Revascularization Trial) was designed to c

217 In forme fruste keratoconus eyes, the ART max is considered a highly sensitive objective param

218 Patients enrolled in the ART (n=3102) were classified on the basis of conduits ac

219 und was observed in the plasma of 67% of the ART-treated animals at 7 weeks after ART interruption, a

220 A double strand breaks (DSBs) in vivo by the ARTs Adprt1a and Adprt2.

221 Assisted reproductive therapies (ART) have become increasingly common worldwide and numer

222 atients on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) and may not be sufficient to eliminate reactivated

223 and the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and medical male circumcision in Rakai, Uganda.

224 mL among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at transfer were assessed using linear and logistic

225 Second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) based on ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (bPI

226 on despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) can fuel rebound viremia after ART interruption and

227 ing or re-initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) containing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inh

228 rst-line combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) containing the modern nucleoside reverse transcript

229 heir frequency after antiretroviral therapy (ART) correlated with HIV viremia, CD4(+) T-cell counts,

230 a, who had initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) during chronic infection.

231 t types of HF in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era.

232 who were initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) from two HIV/AIDS clinics in Uganda.

233 sial whether current antiretroviral therapy (ART) fully suppresses the cycles of HIV replication and

234 ted women initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy are increasing rapidly with global pol

235 le worldwide receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) in programmes using WHO-recommended standardised re

236 vere complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in these patients is neurological tuberculosis-immu

237 (HBV) coinfection on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Zambia.

238 , result return, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (100%).

239 ndividuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) is approaching that of HIV-negative people.

240 er the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is approximately 10%.

241 mmediate combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) on viraemia and immune responses, sexual risk behav

242 tients have received antiretroviral therapy (ART) since the inception of this public-sector program i

243 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) substantially decreases morbidity and mortality in

244 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication in HIV-infected indivi

245 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) that enables suppression of HIV replication has bee

246 could synergize with antiretroviral therapy (ART) to eliminate pediatric HIV-1 infection will require

247 among individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with access to care.

248 ls receive sustained antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 90% of individuals on ART have durable viral s

249 ing and testing, HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART), and condom distribution programmes.

250 ose aware to receive antiretroviral therapy (ART), and for 90% of those on treatment to have a suppre

251 itoring for those on antiretroviral therapy (ART), availability in low-income countries remains limit

252 of fully suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in its hosts and is never eradicated.

253 In the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 infection is no longer tantamount to early d

254 -reconstitution with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-infected individuals remain highly susceptible

255 Before antiretroviral therapy (ART), LTs contained >98% of the SIV RNA(+) and DNA(+) ce

256 current combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), now highly effective, safe, and simple.

257 ed by HIV-associated antiretroviral therapy (ART), resulting in an increased fracture incidence that

258 soon after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART), suggesting an immune reconstitution-like syndrome.

259 ency virus-infected, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive adults who started ART during 1996-2010, who

260 ndividuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

261 ) testing to monitor antiretroviral therapy (ART).

262 ndividuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

263 , upon initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

264 mpromise response to antiretroviral therapy (ART).

265 initial selection of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

266 ssion on combination antiretroviral therapy (ART).

267 dition in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

268 able, DRV-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART).

269 (PWHIV) on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART).

270 es to provide timely antiretroviral therapy (ART).

271 on in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

272 onths on combination antiretroviral therapy [ART] and at risk of viral rebound) or treatment-naive pa

273 es of HIV viral suppression and adherence to ART were similar in the two groups.

274 herapy with ART and, possibly contributes to ART resistance.

275 ants with false-positive diagnoses linked to ART per 1,000 ART initiations, life expectancy (LE, in y

276 es, the extent of B cell activation prior to ART did not correlate with HIV plasma viral load, but po

277 iagnosed with INSTI-S/INSTI-R virus prior to ART initiation and start DTG- or DRV/r-based regimens, r

278 e circulation is a new marker of response to ART when effects on viremia and clinical response are no

279 most common initial outcomes were return to ART care after 180 days (33%; n = 2,976) and being alive

280 valuation of IFN blockade as a supplement to ART.

281 6, 95% CI 0.96-1.40, p = 0.12), mean time to ART initiation from time of HIV testing (7 days versus 1

282 ART eligibility, ART initiation and time to ART initiation, viral suppression defined as HIV-1 RNA <

283 s commonly used in antiretroviral treatment (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis regimens.

284 Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is now recommended for all HIV-positive persons.

285 ividuals receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) randomized to continue (the CTX arm) or discontinue

286 to the scale-up of antiretroviral treatment (ART), as previous models have not been calibrated to vit

287 tations (TDRMs) in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive patients can adversely affect the outcome of

288 s (PrEP) and early antiretroviral treatment (ART).

289 tially restored by antiretroviral treatment (ART).

290 These individuals were on two ART regimens based on either Non-Nucleoside Reverse Tran

291 Here, using ART-treated, SIV-infected rhesus macaques, we show that

292 We aimed to determine whether ART initiation during acute HIV infection would attenuat

293 With wide ART availability, the burden of advanced human immunodef

294 nced antimicrobial prophylaxis combined with ART resulted in reduced rates of death at both 24 weeks

295 descence of parasites after monotherapy with ART and, possibly contributes to ART resistance.

296 that have achieved initial suppression with ART, to determine factors associated with viral rebound,

297 ination strategies that could synergize with ART during pregnancy to achieve the elimination of pedia

298 available, anti-proliferative therapies with ART could result in functional cure within 2-10 years ra

299 -uninfected infants incorrectly treated with ART after false-positive diagnosis (e.g., medication tox

300 3.3%-76.1%) compared to the scenario without ART.

301 Yet ART is not curative due to the persistence of CD4+ T-cel