ライフサイエンスコーパス: BMP-4

1 hase (eNOS), and bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP-4).

2 ion to express bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4).

3 r the physical interaction between TSP-1 and BMP-4.

4 ted endothelial mRNA expression of BMP-2 and BMP-4.

5 ge determination in the absence of exogenous BMP-4.

6 ased endothelial expression of BMP-2 but not BMP-4.

7 ly and selectively to radiolabeled BMP-2 and BMP-4.

8 sponsive to the growth suppressive effect of BMP-4.

9 resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of BMP-4.

10 decreased by high concentrations of BMP-2 or BMP-4.

11 thelial growth factor (VEGF) synergizes with BMP-4.

12 to stimulate BMP-2 and, to a lesser degree, BMP-4.

13 ion of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 or BMP-4.

14 G may mediate apoptotic signals generated by BMP-4.

15 that is activated by the ventralizing signal BMP-4.

16 ttern of expression of Smad8 mirrors that of BMP-4.

17 b morphogenesis might be mediated in part by BMP-4.

18 ve cells are not affected by the presence of BMP-4.

19 and blocked the interaction between MGP and BMP-4.

20 cells led to loss of ability of MGP to bind BMP-4.

21 ues, indicating tissue-specific targeting of BMP-4.

22 enhances utilization of ActRIIA by BMP-2 and BMP-4.

23 However, when combined with BMP-4, 2 to 20 ng/mL VEGF synergistically augmented the

24 LC cells (N = 3) were treated with exogenous BMP-4 (20 ng/mL) for various times.

25 -206 inhibitor, IWR-1, Lithium Chloride, and BMP-4) (4F-AG-AMT).

26 ow that the BMP-10 prodomain, in contrast to BMP-4, -5, and -7 prodomains, can inhibit the bioactivit

27 Lastly, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), a member of the transforming growth factor beta

28 mesoderm also exhibit ectopic expression of BMP-4, a secreted signaling molecule that is coexpressed

29 Conversely, BMP-4 activates endothelial cell migration in vitro, and

30 ld provide for tissue-specific regulation of BMP-4 activity and signaling range.

31 MGP inhibited BMP-4 activity similarly to that of BMP-2 and interacted

32 ro64 and the Gla residues, and the effect on BMP-4 activity, and binding of BMP-4 and calcium was tes

33 s the activity and signaling range of mature BMP-4 after it has been released from the prodomain.

34 ion for BMP-9/ALK1 signaling rather than for BMP-4/ALK2 signaling.

35 repair of articular cartilage, compared with BMP-4 alone.

36 Misexpression of BMP-4 also arrests further development of Hensen's node

37 nd heparin unless prebound to Chordin and/or BMP-4, although Drosophila TSG has been reported to bind

38 at an increase in ALK1 expression induced by BMP-4, an angiogenic stimulus, preceded induction of ALK

39 hemistry identified strong mRNA labeling for BMP-4 and -7 in the theca cells and BMP receptor types I

40 stem, we examined the effects of recombinant BMP-4 and -7 on FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)-induc

41 Both BMP-4 and -7 regulated FSH action in positive and negati

42 knockdown of DKK-1, a Wnt inhibitor, induced BMP-4 and 6 expression and promoter activation in PCa ce

43 little effect on the affinity of chordin for BMP-4 and BMP-7 but C-terminal cleavage increases the ef

44 Furthermore, through a cell-autonomous loop BMP-4 and BMP-7 intensified Smad1/5 signaling though a f

45 verges on BMP genes leading to expression of BMP-4 and BMP-7.

46 the effect on BMP-4 activity, and binding of BMP-4 and calcium was tested using luciferase reporter g

47 We show that both BMP-4 and chordin are expressed before primitive streak

48 Elevated miR-143 expression correlated with BMP-4 and CK8 expression, and elevated miR-205 expressio

49 well with the GFP signal after upregulating BMP-4 and co-expressing GFP using adenovirus, and the kn

50 ion, we subsequently examined sensitivity to BMP-4 and expression of BMP-RII, BMP-RIA, and BMP-RIB in

51 Therefore, we examined how the BMP-4 and FGF signaling pathways might interact in the d

52 Cultures grown in the absence of BMP-4 and infected with retrovirus containing a construc

53 Thus, our results suggest that BMP-4 and MAPK pathways are mutually antagonistic in Xen

54 requires GATA-6, which functions to maintain BMP-4 and Nkx2 expression.

55 naling pathway and whether ONH cells secrete BMP-4 and respond to exogenous BMP-4 through this pathwa

56 These results indicate that BMP-4 and Smad signaling proteins are present in human O

57 phogenetic genes, including up-regulation of BMP-4 and Sp-c expression as well as an increase in Flk-

58 ONH astrocytes and LC cells secrete BMP-4 and synthesize R-Smad1, R-Smad5, I-Smad6, I-Smad7,

59 These findings implicate both BMP-4 and TGF-beta1 in the initiation and regulation of

60 were induced when ectoderm was treated with BMP-4 and the mesoderm inducers, activin, or fibroblast

61 ted to cardiomyocytes by using activin A and BMP-4 and then placed into suspension on a rotating orbi

62 to undergo chondrogenic differentiation with BMP-4 and transforming growth factor beta3 (TGFbeta3).

63 The surface ectoderm expresses BMP-4 and we show that it is required for the maintenanc

64 ed the role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP-4) and a BMP antagonist, chordin, in primitive strea

65 g signaling by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) and Decapentaplegic (Dpp), respectively.

66 genes such as bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and the Nkx2 family.

67 ventral cells, bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and Wnt-8.

68 eptide (PDGFRb), bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP-4), and stem cell factor (SCF) constituted a common

69 tor 2 (Flk-1), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp-4), and the transcription factors of the Brachyury T

70 SCL expression is induced by BMP-4, and a dominant negative BMP-4 receptor inhibits S

71 ced Sca-1 expression and up-regulated HOXB4, BMP-4, and BMP receptor gene expressions.

72 In the present study, we show that BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-6 are endogenous ligands for HJV in hepat

73 hat the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7 can promote the development of tyrosine

74 upts complex formation involving ALK2, ALK1, BMP-4, and BMP-9 required for the induction of both BMP

75 a, NMDA1, GAP-43, ChAT, BDNF, nestin, BMP-2, BMP-4, and EGR1, was increased, approximately 10- to 100

76 is differentially regulated by activin, Vg1, BMP-4, and fibroblast growth factor, supporting a model

77 ine aortic endothelial cells, as mediated by BMP-4, and osteogenesis in calcifying vascular cells, as

78 nchymal NF-kappaB activity, including fgf10, bmp-4, and tgf-beta1.

79 id cells began to be detected with 0.5 ng/mL BMP-4, and their levels plateaued at approximately 2 ng/

80 Soluble Flt-1 gene therapy improved the BMP-4- and TGFbeta3-induced chondrogenic gene expression

81 d expression of Gremlin by TM cells inhibits BMP-4 antagonism of TGF-beta2 and leads to increased ECM

82 BMP-2 and BMP-4 are known to be involved in the early events which

83 cise role of Wnt-8 and its relationship with BMP-4, are still unclear.

84 The human TM synthesized and secreted BMP-4 as well as expressed BMP receptor subtypes BMPRI a

85 to respond to apoptotic clues from implanted BMP-4 beads.

86 cells of C57BL/6, BRE-beta-galactosidase, or BMP-4(betagal/+) mice.

87 truncated or deglycosylated Cripto-1 lacked BMP-4 binding activity.

88 The Gla residues were also required for BMP-4 binding but flexibility existed.

89 nd found that the absence of bgn caused less BMP-4 binding, which reduced the sensitivity of osteobla

90 f A33 cells to noggin, a naturally occurring BMP-4-binding antagonist, during this critical time wind

91 beta2 significantly increased FN levels, and BMP-4 blocked this FN induction.

92 BMP-4, BMP-2, and BMP-7 inhibited basal and tumor necros

93 We found that BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-6, and BMP-7 had no direct effect on prostate

94 s to evaluate receptor utilization by BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-6, and BMP-7 in primary human mesenchymal ste

95 BMP-4, BMP-6, and TGF-beta1 increased noggin mRNA in Ob

96 mbers of the BMP subfamily, including BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7, and GDF-5, with similar kinetics and ligan

97 We also measured the effects of BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7, and the BMP inhibitor LDN-193189 on the ex

98 Expression of BMP-2 and BMP-4, BMPR-IA (BMP receptor subunit), BMPR-IB, and BMPR

99 4 was critical for binding and inhibition of BMP-4 but not for calcium binding.

100 BMP-4, but not EGF or TGF-alpha, accelerates opening of

101 of the PC family have the ability to cleave BMP-4, but of these, only furin and PC6B are sensitive t

102 s the activity and signaling range of mature BMP-4, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown

103 Local delivery of BMP-4 by genetically engineered MDSCs enhanced chondroge

104 TM cells responded to exogenous BMP-4 by phosphorylating Smad signaling proteins.

105 on in whole embryos, we see no activation of BMP-4 by VoxG4A, demonstrating that this activation is i

106 on and messenger RNA differentiation markers BMP-4, CK8 and CK14 were analyzed.

107 e, and accumulates at lower levels than does BMP-4 cleaved from native precursor.

108 Conversely, BMP-4 cleaved from precursor in which both sites are rap

109 Addition of a BMP-4-coated bead to embryos lacking the surface ectoder

110 ce generation was significantly decreased by BMP-4 compared with the contralateral controls.

111 Wnt pathway genes, beta-catenin, Zfp432, and Bmp-4 Consistent with increased beta-catenin levels in s

112 After buds are initiated, BMP-2 and BMP-4 continue to inhibit the adoption of bud fates and

113 g, suggesting that it inhibits an endogenous BMP-4 convertase(s).

114 cts that are distinct from those reported in BMP-4-deficient embryos, suggesting that Smad8 may inter

115 Immunolocalization of BMP-4 demonstrated fibrillar staining limited to certain

116 Thus, VEGF is a synergistic enhancer for the BMP-4-dependent differentiation processes, and it seems

117 20 ng/mL VEGF synergistically augmented the BMP-4-dependent generation of erythro-myeloid CFCs and l

118 ation of dendritic cells or splenocytes with BMP-4 did not affect lipopolysaccharide-stimulated produ

119 differentially regulating expression of the BMP-4 downstream effectors GATA-2 and PV.1.

120 be temporally and spatially coexpressed with BMP-4 during embryogenesis in selected contexts.

121 kably, this cell line expresses and secretes BMP-4 during proliferation in the same time window that

122 P-4, thus establishing a functional role for BMP-4 during TRE17-induced transformation.

123 at furin and/or PC6 proteolytically activate BMP-4 during vertebrate embryogenesis.

124 The mechanism of this BMP-4 effect on tyrosinase and ultimately on melanogenes

125 BMP-4-expressing MDSCs acquired a chondrocytic phenotype

126 This indicates that Msx-2 regulates BMP-4 expression and that the suppressive effects of Msx

127 s required for the maintenance of high-level BMP-4 expression in lateral plate mesoderm.

128 In situ hybridization suggests reduced Bmp-4 expression in the mutant lung epithelium, providin

129 Although Vox can ectopically activate BMP-4 expression in whole embryos, we see no activation

130 before primitive streak formation, and that BMP-4 expression is downregulated as the streak starts t

131 Furthermore, the distribution of BMP-4 expression is highly suggestive of a direct role i

132 Neither BMP-4 expression nor BMP signaling were detected in immu

133 roliferation index as well as downregulating BMP-4 expression.

134 ed by the transcriptional down-regulation of BMP-4 expression.

135 129 SvJ R1 ES cells (H-2) were treated with BMP-4 for 36 hr.

136 ease pellets, releasing 500 nanograms/day of BMP-4 for a maximum of 3 months, were implanted beneath

137 Exposure to BMP-4 for either 10 or 60 minutes resulted in increased

138 31-50% by 3 months, and at 6 months, after 3 BMP-4-free months, force was still decreased by 20-31%.

139 ent cleavage at the S2 site liberates mature BMP-4 from the prodomain, thereby stabilizing the protei

140 ese results with complex formation by BMP-2, BMP-4 (full-length and shortened propeptides), BMP-10, a

141 promoter deletions for both human BMP-2 and BMP-4 fused to the luciferase reporter gene were analyze

142 With and without BMP-4 gene transduction, M-MDSCs produced significantly

143 structures and promoter regions of BMP-2 and BMP-4 genes.

144 ne morphogenetic protein-2 and -4 (BMP-2 and BMP-4) genes, we examined the effects of noggin, an endo

145 BMP-4 had no effect on TNFalpha-stimulated phosphorylati

146 , TGF-beta1, and bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP-4) have various effects on hematopoiesis, including

147 Levels of BMP-4, HSP70, and interleukin-6 were also elevated in se

148 mice, a model for atherosclerosis, levels of BMP-4, HSP70, MGP, and interleukin-6 were elevated in th

149 MGP promoter activity was also stimulated by BMP-4 in a TGF-beta-dependent fashion.

150 Cripto-1 interacts with BMP-4 in addition to its known partner Nodal, whereas Cr

151 The role of BMP-4 in adipocyte lineage commitment is further strengt

152 compelling evidence for the participation of BMP-4 in adipocyte lineage determination.

153 hypothesis, alpha1-PDX prevents cleavage of BMP-4 in an oocyte translation assay.

154 metabolism, signaling, and transcription by BMP-4 in keratinocytes and fibroblasts is likely to be a

155 the cardiogenic-inducing capacities of BMP-2/BMP-4 in mesoderm, however, we find that BMP-2 or BMP-4

156 The VEGF secretion induced by BMP-4 in Mgp-/- epithelial cells stimulated proliferatio

157 y Pax-6 in N2A cells and 5-fold by BMP-2 and BMP-4 in Ng108 cells.

158 ant-negative Smad1 converted the response to BMP-4 in proximal PASMCs from inhibitory to proliferativ

159 unoblot analysis was used to detect secreted BMP-4 in serum-free conditioned media of ONH cells and i

160 We have altered the activity of BMP-2 or BMP-4 in the ectoderm of the feather field by expressing

161 reas VEGF was functional after the action of BMP-4 (in the last 3 days).

162 SCs expressing bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) in combination with MDSCs expressing VEGF or sFlt

163 Conversely, BMP-2 or BMP-4, in combination with FGF-4, can readily induce car

164 cytokines such as activin A, TGF-beta1, and BMP-4, including differentiation of a hematopoietic cell

165 s of neural crest cells, exogenous BMP-2 and BMP-4 increased the expression of BMPR-IA but decreased

166 BMP-2 and BMP-4 induced expression of ALK1 in a dose-dependent fas

167 immunopurified E12 ENS precursors, BMP-2 and BMP-4 induced nuclear translocation of phosphorylated Sm

168 In cultured lung epithelial cells, BMP-4 induced VEGF expression through induction of ALK1,

169 We observed that eFGF inhibits BMP-4-induced erythropoiesis by differentially regulatin

170 r and the requirement of AP-1(JunD/c-Fos) in BMP-4-induced hematopoiesis during Xenopus hematopoiesis

171 hat JunD of AP-1(JunD/c-Fos) is required for BMP-4-induced hematopoiesis.

172 In endothelial cells, HSP70 enhanced BMP-4-induced proliferation and tube formation, and in c

173 We propose that biglycan modulates BMP-4-induced signaling to control osteoblast differenti

174 Thus, BMP-4 induces two transcription factors which have oppos

175 Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) induces epidermis and represses neural fate in Xe

176 However, BMP-4 inhibited proliferation of lung epithelial cells,

177 Thus, BMP-4 inhibited proliferation of PASMCs isolated from pr

178 that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and BMP-4 inhibited TNF-mediated apoptosis by inhibition of

179 avage increases the efficacy of chordin as a BMP-4 inhibitor.

180 in mesoderm, however, we find that BMP-2 or BMP-4 inhibits cardiac myogenesis prior to stage 3, demo

181 Our findings indicate that BMP-4 inhibits ectodermal MAPK activity through a TAK1/p

182 BMP-4 interacted with glial cell line-derived neurotroph

183 BMP-4 is essential for angiogenesis and is antagonized b

184 Here, we demonstrate that BMP-4 is essential for generating both erythro-myeloid c

185 In the human AGM, we find that BMP-4 is expressed at high levels, and with striking pol

186 Conversely, BMP-4 is expressed in the dorsal neural tube throughout

187 Pro-BMP-4 is initially cleaved at a consensus furin motif ad

188 When BMP-4 is misexpressed in the posterior area pellucida, p

189 tigation, an independent approach shows that BMP-4 is required for stable commitment of pluripotent s

190 BMP-4 is synthesized as an inactive precursor that is pr

191 Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is a multifunctional developmental regulator.

192 Pro bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is initially cleaved at a consensus furin motif a

193 Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is known to induce erythropoiesis in the Xenopus

194 Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is synthesized as a large precursor protein, whic

195 of BMP signaling pathways because exogenous BMP-4 led to phosphorylation of Smad1, p38(MAPK), and ER

196 dies abolished the inhibitory effect of high BMP-4 levels on ALK1 expression and the induction of MGP

197 Moreover, BMP-4 ligand mRNA was detected in the sympathetic gangli

198 e domain, or vice versa, with or without the BMP-4 linker domain revealed that the linker domain is o

199 recursors containing the BMP-7 prodomain and BMP-4 mature domain, or vice versa, with or without the

200 BMP-2 and BMP-4 may serve as negative growth regulators in the ret

201 Furthermore, Smad8 can block BMP-4-mediated induction of ventral mesoderm-specific ge

202 BMP-4 signaling because Smad7 can also block BMP-4-mediated mesoderm induction.

203 BMP-4, MGP, ALK1, and ALK2 were predominantly expressed

204 , we propose that Vox acts in establishing a BMP-4 morphogen gradient by restricting the expression d

205 Wnt-3A induced the appearance of BMP-4 mRNA 12 h prior to that of ALP in C3H10T1/2 cells.

206 1 and MB8), the fluorescent intensities from BMP-4 mRNA correlated well with the GFP signal after upr

207 retinopathy there was a striking decrease in BMP-4 mRNA in the retina within 6 hours of the onset of

208 tensive study of the target accessibility of BMP-4 mRNA using 10 different designs of molecular beaco

209 g GFP using adenovirus, and the knockdown of BMP-4 mRNA using siRNA significantly reduced the beacon

210 BMP-4 mRNA was detected in the dorsal aorta at stage 17,

211 ation in the same time window that exogenous BMP-4 must be added to naive 10T1/2 cells to induce maxi

212 Furthermore, neither BMP-4 nor BMP-7 interfere with neural induction when mis

213 milarly to that of BMP-2 and interacted with BMP-4 on a protein level as determined by co-immunopreci

214 noggin, an endogenous inhibitor of BMP-2 and BMP-4 on bone formation stimulated by these compounds an

215 We have examined the effects of BMP-4 on MAPK activity in gastrula ectoderm.

216 The effect of BMP-4 on NFkB activation in parietal and AGS cells was e

217 However, the proproliferative effect of BMP-4 on peripheral PASMCs was found to be p38MAPK/ERK-d

218 Gremlin blocked the negative effect of BMP-4 on TGF-beta-induction of FN.

219 preparation of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) on EOM force generation and muscle size.

220 These compounds increased BMP-2 but not BMP-4 or BMP-6 mRNA expression in osteoblastic cells, su

221 Proteins for BMP-4, p-R-Smad1/5/8, R-Smad1, R-Smad5, R-Smad8, and Co-

222 Western blot analyses indicated that the BMP-4 pathway does not activate JNKs in ectoderm.

223 Spatial distributions of morphogens, such as BMP-4, play important roles in the pattern formation.

224 BMP-4 plays a conserved role in patterning the vertebrat

225 The primordia also become Bmp-2 and Bmp-4 positive.

226 oplasmic reticulum, and thus cleavage of the BMP-4 precursor when overexpressed in Xenopus oocytes an

227 s with preserved ability to bind and inhibit BMP-4 prevented osteogenic differentiation and calcifica

228 ain is only functional in the context of the BMP-4 prodomain, and that differential cleavage around t

229 stem cells to bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) produced cells that convert into adipocytes at hi

230 gulatory information for the human BMP-2 and BMP-4 promoters and clarify the human BMP-2 gene transcr

231 olated and characterized the human BMP-2 and BMP-4 promoters and report substantially more upstream s

232 Although BMP-4 promotes hematopoiesis of ES cells, its impact is

233 ude that all, except for BMP-2 and the short BMP-4 propeptides, formed complexes with their growth fa

234 ive BMP-4 receptor, or ectoderm treated with BMP-4 protein in the presence or absence of cycloheximid

235 is induced by BMP-4, and a dominant negative BMP-4 receptor inhibits SCL expression in the ventral re

236 Expression of a dominant negative BMP-4 receptor resulted in a 4.5-fold elevation in MAPK

237 ectoderm expressing a constitutively active BMP-4 receptor, or ectoderm treated with BMP-4 protein i

238 ked by coexpression with a dominant negative BMP-4 receptor, showing that GATA-1 requires the BMP sig

239 Purified BMP-4 reduces the number of pigment cells in culture whi

240 We also demonstrated that BMP-4 regulated JunD activity at the transcriptional reg

241 we show that the pro- and mature domains of BMP-4 remain noncovalently associated after S1 cleavage,

242 that MDSC-based therapy involving sFlt-1 and BMP-4 repairs articular cartilage in OA mainly by having

243 f BMP-RII in TSU-Pr1 cells not only restored BMP-4 responsiveness but also significantly decreased tu

244 Adding exogenous BMP-4 restored the formation of cords.

245 Treatment of both cell types by BMP-4 resulted in the activation of the BMP-Smad, but no

246 ctivity of Smad7 may be due to inhibition of BMP-4 signaling because Smad7 can also block BMP-4-media

247 Thus, BMP-4 signaling can substitute for the surface ectoderm

248 is induced in response to components of the BMP-4 signaling pathway in injected animal cap explants.

249 changes in the expression of members of the BMP-4 signaling pathway, that distinguish A33 preadipocy

250 o-expression of downstream components of the BMP-4 signaling pathway.

251 The FGF and BMP-4 signaling pathways interact to regulate the specif

252 s embryos phenocopies the effect of blocking BMP-4 signaling, leading to induction of a secondary axi

253 PK may disrupt bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) signaling during neural specification.

254 BMP-4 stimulates the expression of Agouti transcripts an

255 ch reduced the sensitivity of osteoblasts to BMP-4 stimulation.

256 uclear factor-kappaB in CAECs, and BMP-2 and BMP-4 substantially increased adhesion of monocytic THP-

257 fter exposure to Bone Morphogenic Protein-4 (BMP-4), suggesting that cyclin G may mediate apoptotic s

258 mimicked by TGF-beta2 and -beta3 but not by BMP-4, suggesting a TGF-beta signal-specific effect.

259 es and the surrounding keratinocytes express BMP-4, suggesting both autocrine and paracrine effects o

260 d muscle size caused by sustained release of BMP-4 suggests that myogenic signaling factors may provi

261 Moreover, BMP-4 supplementation of cultured human melanocytes decr

262 SHH induce local expression of Bmp-4, while BMP-4 suppresses local expression of both.

263 xTsg is expressed ventrally as part of the BMP-4 synexpression group and encodes a secreted BMP-bin

264 Mature BMP-4 synthesized from a precursor in which the S1 site

265 BMP-4 synthesized from precursor in which the upstream s

266 ganized vasculature, which is reminiscent of BMP-4, TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta type II receptor knockout

267 plemented with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), the numbers of primary hematopoietic clusters in

268 ed glucose augmented expression of BMP-2 and BMP-4; the BMP inhibitors matrix Gla protein (MGP) and N

269 Activin/TGFbeta and BMP-2/BMP-4 therefore have distinct and reciprocal cardiac-ind

270 cells secrete BMP-4 and respond to exogenous BMP-4 through this pathway.

271 BMP-2 and/or BMP-4 thus limit the size of the ENS but promote the dev

272 xpressing cells by the addition of exogenous BMP-4, thus establishing a functional role for BMP-4 dur

273 ation of control ES cells, while addition of BMP-4 to noggin expressants strikingly inhibited neurona

274 results indicate that Siah2 acts upstream of BMP-4 to regulate factors that control the commitment of

275 However, addition of BMP-4 to Siah2(-/-) stromal cells reduces Wnt10b express

276 ced to express bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) to differentiate into chondrocytes in vitro and i

277 Additionally, BMP-4-transduced M- and F-MDSCs were applied to a full-t

278 of VEGF- and BMP-4-transduced MDSCs or with BMP-4-transduced MDSCs alone.

279 apoptosis were also observed in sFlt-1- and BMP-4-transduced MDSCs compared with a combination of VE

280 In vivo, a combination of sFlt-1- and BMP-4-transduced MDSCs demonstrated better repair withou

281 SCs compared with a combination of VEGF- and BMP-4-transduced MDSCs or with BMP-4-transduced MDSCs al

282 e of MDSCs and OA chondrocytes revealed that BMP-4-transduced MDSCs produced the largest pellets, whi

283 er cartilage repair in animals that received BMP-4-transduced MDSCs than in those that received MDSCs

284 ro chondrogenic differentiation of LacZ- and BMP-4-transduced MDSCs with or without transforming grow

285 ot alter chondrogenic differentiation of the BMP-4-transduced MDSCs.

286 tested whether bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4)-treated or HOXB4-transduced ES-derived hematopoie

287 iptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of BMP-4-treated rhesus monkey ES cells demonstrated an up-

288 BMP-4 treatment induced Sca-1 expression and up-regulate

289 Global microarray analysis revealed that BMP-4 treatment induces distinct and cell type-specific

290 In explant cultures, BMP-4 treatment leads to an increase in the number of TU

291 In addition, exogenous BMP-4 treatment of ONH astrocytes and LC cells results i

292 BMP-4 treatment resulted in increased coprecipitation of

293 the response of bgn-deficient osteoblasts to BMP-4 was completely rescued by reintroduction of biglyc

294 BMP-4 was expressed in mesenchymal cells that expressed

295 de of Pro64, the ability to bind and inhibit BMP-4 was preserved.

296 ring the 7 days of in vitro differentiation, BMP-4 was required within the first 4 days, whereas VEGF

297 When high doses of BMP-4 were used in this explant assay, few erythroid cel

298 tor to express bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) were coimplanted with MDSCs transduced to express

299 17 simultaneously inhibits the expression of BMP-4 while augmenting the BMP antagonist, Gremlin-1.

300 oth FGF-4 and SHH induce local expression of Bmp-4, while BMP-4 suppresses local expression of both.