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   1                                              BRCA genetic testing has substantial public health impac
     2                                              BRCA mutation carriers are at increased risk of developi
     3                                              BRCA mutation status has a major influence on survival i
     4                                              BRCA mutation status was known for 107 patients (either 
     5                                              BRCA mutations are associated with poor survival outcome
     6                                              BRCA mutations were prevalent in the largest study of Hi
     7                                              BRCA status was known for 131 (96%) patients in the olap
     8                                              BRCA testing is recommended for young women diagnosed as
     9                                              BRCA(1/2) deficiency, defined as BRCA(1/2) mutations or 
    10                                              BRCA(1/2) mutations were associated with improved progre
    11                                              BRCA(1/2) mutations were particularly common (23%) in hi
    12                                              BRCA(1/2) somatic and germline mutations and expression 
    13                                              BRCA(1/2) transcript levels were assessed by quantitativ
    14                                              BRCA-deficient status predisposing to RAD52-dependent sy
  
    16  mutations or expression loss (in 24 [13.3%] BRCA(1/2)-wild-type cancers), was present in 67 ovarian 
  
    18 ined retrospectively): 41 (38%) of 107 had a BRCA mutation (20 in the olaparib plus chemotherapy grou
  
    20  in recurrent ovarian carcinoma harbouring a BRCA mutation or high percentage of genome-wide loss of 
    21 ata, these results point to a breakdown in a BRCA/FA-mSWI/SNF-DeltaNP63-mediated DNA repair and diffe
    22 (n = 66), exploratory analyses showed that a BRCA-like genomic instability signature (n = 32) discrim
  
    24 -oophorectomy is recommended to women with a BRCA mutation at age 35 years or thereafter to prevent b
    25 itive recurrent serous ovarian cancer with a BRCA mutation have the greatest likelihood of benefiting
  
  
  
    29 progression-free survival in patients with a BRCA-mutant carcinoma was 16.6 months (95% CI 13.4-22.9;
    30 ived it demonstrated greater knowledge about BRCA (mean score difference adjusted for demographics an
    31 x stabilizer, with specific toxicity against BRCA deficiencies in cancer cells and polyclonal patient
  
    33  on the basis of tumour mutational analysis: BRCA mutant (deleterious germline or somatic), BRCA wild
    34 cer cohort, and one-to-one matching (age and BRCA status) of each woman with breast cancer to a contr
    35  a pivotal protein in the Fanconi anemia and BRCA pathway/network, is monoubiquitylated in the nucleu
  
  
    38 NA-PK-deficient quiescent leukemia cells and BRCA/DNA-PK-deficient proliferating leukemia cells were 
  
  
  
  
    43 VB, UVA does not activate the Fanconi anemia/BRCA DNA damage response pathway or the "recombinase" RA
    44 ndent regulatory point in the Fanconi anemia/BRCA DSB/ICL repair pathway, illuminate the role of BRCA
  
  
    47 Tumours from 12 patients were established as BRCA wild-type, but could not be classified for LOH, bec
  
    49 known to be associated with outcome, such as BRCA mutation, PROVAR may provide clinically useful pred
  
    51  TNBC and suggests that functional RNA-based BRCA deficiency needs to be further examined in TNBC.   
    52 pose To investigate the associations between BRCA mutation status and computed tomography (CT) phenot
  
  
  
  
  
  
    59 ts, our finding has implications for broader BRCA genetic testing for patients with pancreatic ductal
  
    61 etrospective, preplanned analysis of data by BRCA mutation status from our randomised, double-blind, 
  
    63 f miRNA isoforms (isomiRs) in breast cancer (BRCA) and normal breast data sets from the Cancer Genome
    64 family or personal history of breast cancer, BRCA mutation status, history of high-risk lesion or man
  
  
  
    68 onses were observed in two patients carrying BRCA mutations: one with head and neck cancer and one wi
    69 realized with the approval of first-in-class BRCA-targeted therapies for ovarian cancer and identific
    70 dents whose clinicians ordered comprehensive BRCA testing, most were white non-Hispanic (2502 [69.0%]
  
  
    73  with homologous recombination deficiencies (BRCA mutant or BRCA wild-type and high loss of heterozyg
    74 ntified tumors of a distinct BRCA-deficient (BRCA-D) TNBC subtype characterized by low levels of wild
    75 hemotherapeutics that cause fork degradation.BRCA proteins have emerged as key stabilizing factors fo
  
    77 A sequencing identified tumors of a distinct BRCA-deficient (BRCA-D) TNBC subtype characterized by lo
    78 1), and not having a malignant neoplasm (eg, BRCA carriers) (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.25-7.85; P = .01) we
  
  
  
    82 omes: (1) defects in the Fanconi anemia (FA)/BRCA DNA repair pathway, (2) defects in telomere mainten
  
    84 n the regulation of the activation of the FA-BRCA pathway and suggest a broader role for p21 in the o
  
  
    87 s reveal critical roles for FAAP20 in the FA-BRCA pathway of DNA damage repair and genome maintenance
  
  
  
  
    92 n the regulation of the activation of the FA-BRCA pathway: p21 promotes S-phase and DNA damage-induci
  
  
    95 teract independently of Chk1 and that the FA/BRCA pathway may also be involved in the response to pol
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   103 tated vs 82% [P = .02] and 80% [P = .05] for BRCA wild-type and BRCA1-mutated cases, respectively) an
   104 3-year PFS, 44% for BRCA2-mutated vs 16% for BRCA wild-type cases), whereas neither BRCA1 mutations (
   105  5-year OS, 61% for BRCA2-mutated vs 25% for BRCA wild-type cases) and PFS (adjusted HR, 0.40; 95% CI
  
   107 ependent cohort (n = 87): (i) enrichment for BRCA signature with prevalent defects in the homologous 
  
   109 11.7 [P = .02] and 12.5 [P = .04] months for BRCA wild-type and BRCA1-mutated cases, respectively).  
  
  
   112 interventions aimed at reducing the risk for BRCA-related cancer in women with potentially harmful BR
   113  Family Registry, negative by sequencing for BRCA mutations, were analyzed for the presence of the BR
  
  
  
   117 integrative analysis of mRNA expression from BRCA data sets of the TCGA repository demonstrated that 
  
   119 ontumorigenic breast epithelial tissues from BRCA mutation carriers, FISH revealed elevated genomic i
  
  
   122 ing to the presence or absence of a germline BRCA mutation (gBRCA cohort and non-gBRCA cohort) and th
   123 g to permuted blocks, stratified by germline BRCA status and previous anti-angiogenic therapy, to rec
  
  
  
   127 s +/- 10 [standard deviation]; six women had BRCA mutations) with no history of breast cancer underwe
   128  and genetic testing for potentially harmful BRCA mutations in asymptomatic women with a family histo
  
   130 ted cancer in women with potentially harmful BRCA mutations, including intensive cancer screening, me
  
  
   133 ion and mutation analysis (GEMA) to identify BRCA- and DNA-PK-deficient leukemias either directly, us
   134 ith elevated familial/genetic risk (FGR, ie, BRCA carrier status and/or family history of breast canc
  
  
   137  inhibitors have shown promising activity in BRCA-related cancers, its value in the treatment of trip
   138 alone, with the greatest clinical benefit in BRCA-mutated patients, and had an acceptable and managea
  
  
   141 sures: Incidence of uterine corpus cancer in BRCA+ women who underwent RRSO without hysterectomy comp
   142 h higher odds of incomplete cytoreduction in BRCA wild-type HGSOC (multiple regression: P < .001 each
  
  
  
   146 CA1/2-deficient cells, but their efficacy in BRCA-deficient patients is limited by drug resistance.  
  
  
   149 lopian tube segments are threefold higher in BRCA mutation carriers than in controls, correlating wit
   150 tive proof of concept for PARP inhibition in BRCA-deficient breast cancers and shows a favourable the
  
  
  
  
   155      Combined inhibition of Cdk1 and PARP in BRCA-wild-type cancer cells resulted in reduced colony f
  
  
   158 ion induced a similar metabolic responses in BRCA-mutant HCC1937 cells, but not in MCF7 and MDAMB231 
  
  
   161 ncreased activity in patients with inherited BRCA mutations and may also have a role in patients with
   162 ge response, whereas PARP-1 inhibition kills BRCA-deficient tumor cells selectively, providing the fi
  
  
  
  
   167 lysis presented in this study directly links BRCA deficiency with increased clonal mutation burden an
   168 nib inhibited 2 major DSB repair mechanisms, BRCA-mediated homologous recombination and DNA-dependent
   169 aks that are repaired by 2 major mechanisms: BRCA-dependent homologous recombination and DNA-dependen
  
   171 indings were noted for patients with mutated BRCA (HR 0.73 [0.45-1.17]; p=0.19) and wild-type BRCA (H
  
   173 d treatment among women with BRCA mutations (BRCA+ women), the role of concomitant hysterectomy is co
  
  
   176 hat allows for the detection of BRCA and non-BRCA germline mutations in individuals with high risks o
  
  
  
   180 g the synthetic lethal concept to target non-BRCA-mutant cancers also has clear potential, and we dis
   181 otherapy than patients whose tumors were not BRCA-D (log-rank test, p = 0.021), and they had signific
   182 ic effect on cell survival in the absence of BRCA genes, suggesting that the inhibition of this mutag
   183 a evolution and result in the acquisition of BRCA-like traits, which could be therapeutically exploit
   184 ver, we observed significant correlations of BRCA score with genome instability and neoadjuvant chemo
   185 NA double-strand breaks, and a deficiency of BRCA proteins sensitizes cancer cells to PARP inhibition
   186 werful tool that allows for the detection of BRCA and non-BRCA germline mutations in individuals with
   187 in most countries, routine implementation of BRCA testing for ovarian cancer patients has been incons
   188 his review will focus on the implications of BRCA status in the patient with high-grade serous ovaria
  
   190 ering the implications for family members of BRCA carriers, and possibly tailored chemotherapeutic tr
  
  
   193 s (DSB) involves the targeted recruitment of BRCA tumor suppressors to damage foci through binding of
  
   195  BRCA(1/2) changes, given the sensitivity of BRCA-mutated cancers to poly (ADP ribose) polymerase-1 (
  
   197 vidence that post-transcriptional studies of BRCA will benefit from transcending the one-locus-one-mi
   198 ides foundations for the rational therapy of BRCA-deficient cancers, and offers general insights into
  
  
   201 mmends against routine genetic counseling or BRCA testing for women whose family history is not assoc
   202 nts with EOC with either sporadic disease or BRCA(1/2) germline mutations was used for development of
  
   204 s recombination deficiencies (BRCA mutant or BRCA wild-type and high loss of heterozygosity), and the
   205 ERPRETATION: In patients with BRCA mutant or BRCA wild-type and LOH high platinum-sensitive ovarian c
  
   207 ies of 11 159 women whose clinicians ordered BRCA testing between December 2011 and December 2012.   
  
  
   210 A total of 780 (87.0%) of 897 women reported BRCA testing by 1 year after breast cancer diagnosis (me
  
  
   213 ortant to determine the frequency of somatic BRCA(1/2) changes, given the sensitivity of BRCA-mutated
   214 ociated with deleterious germline or somatic BRCA mutations), patients with homologous recombination 
   215 CA mutant (deleterious germline or somatic), BRCA wild-type and LOH high (LOH high group), or BRCA wi
   216 le, our framework calculates sample-specific BRCA scores, which indicates homologous recombination (H
   217 prospective, nonrandomized comparison study, BRCA mutation carriers and women with a high familial ri
   218 mologous recombination deficiency subgroups: BRCA mutant (n=40), LOH high (n=82), or LOH low (n=70). 
   219 atients at diagnosis, followed by subsequent BRCA recovery upon progression by copy number gain and/o
   220 containing significantly more mutations than BRCA wild-type cases across the whole exome (median muta
   221 cation fork processing, direct evidence that BRCA gene products regulate homologous recombination at 
  
  
   224 from our detailed mRNA analysis suggest that BRCA-associated cancer risk is likely not markedly incre
  
  
   227 at ablates phosphoprotein recognition by the BRCA C terminus (BRCT) domains of BRCA1 elicits tumors i
  
  
  
   231 ree survival was significantly longer in the BRCA mutant (hazard ratio 0.27, 95% CI 0.16-0.44, p<0.00
   232 ent was 12.8 months (95% CI 9.0-14.7) in the BRCA mutant subgroup, 5.7 months (5.3-7.6) in the LOH hi
  
  
   235 lticenter trial enrolled 296 carriers of the BRCA mutation (153 BRCA1 and 128 BRCA2 carriers, and 15 
   236   Study results suggest that carriers of the BRCA mutation younger than 40 years may not benefit from
  
  
  
  
   241 nts with sporadic disease, patients with the BRCA-like (BL) profile had improved disease-free surviva
  
  
  
  
  
   247 sing targeted agents currently used to treat BRCA-mutant ovarian cancer and are in clinical trials fo
  
  
  
  
   252 dings were noted for patients with wild-type BRCA, although the difference between groups was lower (
  
   254 genetic counseling, most US women undergoing BRCA genetic testing do not receive this clinical servic
   255  delineation of the basic science underlying BRCA network function holds promise to maximally exploit
   256 atabase review of 364 patients who underwent BRCA mutation testing for EOC (stages I-IV) between 1998
   257 pective study included 108 patients (33 with BRCA mutant and 75 with BRCA wild-type HGSOC) who underw
   258 08 patients (33 with BRCA mutant and 75 with BRCA wild-type HGSOC) who underwent CT before primary de
   259 azi Jewish was significantly associated with BRCA mutation carrier status (P=.02, P<.001, and P=.05, 
   260 c lymphadenopathy at CT were associated with BRCA mutation status (multiple regression: P < .001 for 
   261  genetics clinician and its association with BRCA knowledge, understanding, and satisfaction were ass
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   269 dure for three nested cohorts: patients with BRCA mutations (carcinoma associated with deleterious ge
  
   271 In recent clinical trials, EOC patients with BRCA mutations exhibited favorable responses to the PARP
  
  
  
  
   276 ur LOH can be used to identify patients with BRCA wild-type platinum-sensitive ovarian cancers who mi
   277   The overall survival data in patients with BRCA wild-type were HR 0.83 (95% CI 0.55-1.24, nominal p
   278 breast cancer surveillance for patients with BRCA-associated EOC needs to be reevaluated given the lo
  
   280 ificantly shorter PFS for both patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC (multiple regression: hazard ratio [HR
   281 e CT features differed between patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC and patients with BRCA wild-type HGSOC
   282 ificantly shorter PFS for both patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC and those with BRCA wild-type HGSOC.  
   283 uctive outcome and survival in patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC and those with BRCA wild-type HGSOC.  
   284 with cytoreductive outcome for patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC, presence of PD in lesser sac (odds ra
  
   286 hing statistical significance, patients with BRCA-mutated platinum-sensitive recurrent serous ovarian
   287 ity of maintenance olaparib in patients with BRCA-mutated platinum-sensitive recurrent serous ovarian
  
   289 d ratio [HR] = 26.7 P < .001) and those with BRCA wild-type HGSOC (univariate analysis: reader 1, HR 
  
  
  
   293 ays hallmark genomic features of tumors with BRCA mutations and HR defects, cementing the pathogenici
  
   295 RRSO) is standard treatment among women with BRCA mutations (BRCA+ women), the role of concomitant hy
  
  
  
  
  
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