ライフサイエンスコーパス: BTV

1 BTV exists as at least 26 different serotypes (BTV-1 to

2 BTV infection of ruminants results in a high viraemia, s

3 BTV is a nonenveloped, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus

4 BTV is an arbovirus transmitted between its ruminant hos

5 BTV is some 810 A in diameter and comprised of two prote

6 BTV is the causative agent of a severe disease transmitt

7 BTV is the etiological agent of a sheep disease that is

8 BTV possesses a ten-segmented double-stranded RNA genome

9 BTV RNA was detected by in situ hybridization in vascula

10 -based replication-deficient BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1) (disabled infectious single cycle [DISC]) strain

11 dian isolate of bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV-1), strain IND1992/01.

12 IND2004/01) of bluetongue virus serotype 10 (BTV-10) from Andhra Pradesh, India.

13 orption capacity (mug g(-1)) assessed at 10% BTV showed the superiority of MOF-199 towards phenolic a

14 estock, and with North American serotype 11 (BTV-11).

15 the U.S. prototype strain of BTV serotype 2 (BTV 2), these viruses had an overall sequence homology o

16 rom a strain of bluetongue virus serotype 3 (BTV-3) from India (strain IND2003/08).

17 infected subcutaneously with BTV serotype 3 (BTV-3), a foreign isolate with unknown pathogenicity in

18 imals were infected with either blood from a BTV-infected animal or from the same virus isolated in c

19 VIBs are predominantly comprised of a BTV-encoded non-structural protein 2 (NS2).

20 Infection of cells with a BTV mutant lacking NS4 results in increased synthesis of

21 e an acceptable approach for patients with a BTV who require permanent pacemaker or defibrillator pla

22 Additionally, BTV-treated macrophages expressed increased HIV restrict

23 fer long-lasting protection in sheep against BTV.

24 ated how mammalian host species, breed, age, BTV serotypes, and strains within a serotype affect the

25 r genetically distant NS3 proteins can alter BTV-host interactions.

26 ealed that various Seg-10/NS3 proteins alter BTV replication kinetics in mammals but not in insects.

27 teins could be neutralized by both BTV-1 and BTV-8 antisera.

28 ve shown that reassortants between BTV-1 and BTV-8 are generated very readily.

29 The protective capabilities of BTV-1 and BTV-8 DISC viruses were assessed in sheep by challenge w

30 approach in cells coinfected with BTV-1 and BTV-8, we have shown that reassortants between BTV-1 and

31 ion of a field reassortant between BTV-1 and BTV-8, we systematically characterized the process of BT

32 ncluding regions derived from both BTV-1 and BTV-8.

33 9.47]; TBRmean, 1.86 [range, 1.63-5.48]; and BTV, 3.59 mL [range, 0.04-23.98 mL], respectively).

34 found between divergent serotypes (BTV-8 and BTV-2).

35 ce of two different BTV serotypes (BTV-8 and BTV-2).

36 bull characteristic failure loads of MON and BTV (1,535 N [90% CI 1,354-1,740] and 1,609 N [90% CI 1,

37 N) showed interval overlaps between MON and BTV.

38 proach, our study clearly indicates that any BTV-1 or BTV-8 genome segment can be rescued in the hete

39 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes, such as BTV.

40 Erythrocyte-associated BTV RNA was detected earlier and at greater concentratio

41 critical to understand the interplay between BTV and the host immune responses.

42 Antigenic cross-reactivity between BTV and EHDV often results in serologic misdiagnosis.

43 the isolation of a field reassortant between BTV-1 and BTV-8, we systematically characterized the pro

44 V-8, we have shown that reassortants between BTV-1 and BTV-8 are generated very readily.

45 imeric proteins could be neutralized by both BTV-1 and BTV-8 antisera.

46 protein, including regions derived from both BTV-1 and BTV-8.

47 elongs to the major eastern topotype of BTV (BTV-16e) and can be regarded as a reference strain of BT

48 usceptibility to clinical disease induced by BTV at the host species level but less so at the breed l

49 tly, the induction of antiviral responses by BTV resulted in significant suppression of HIV in macrop

50 In mammalian cells, BTV particles are released primarily by virus-induced ce

51 system identifying the importance of certain BTV proteins for primary replication of the virus.

52 Of the 12 subjects with PCR-confirmed BTV and acute-phase serum samples, 9 had detectable IgM,

53 nd IgG serologic test results for confirming BTV cases.

54 howed that, depending on the NS3 considered, BTV replication kinetics varied in mammals but not in in

55 Further, a defective BTV-8 strain was made by reassorting the two RNA segment

56 omplementing cell lines to recover defective BTV-1 mutants.

57 reverse genetics-based replication-deficient BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1) (disabled infectious single cycle

58 Four VP6-deficient BTV-1 mutants were generated by using a complementing ce

59 We describe BTV vaccines based on "synthetic" viruses in which the o

60 n which the outer core proteins of different BTV serotypes are incorporated into a common tissue-cult

61 e observed in the virulence of two different BTV serotypes (BTV-8 and BTV-2).

62 is study highlights that genetically distant BTV Seg-10/NS3 influence BTV biological properties in a

63 virus isolate/lineage, identifying distinct BTV topotypes.

64 nent of the primary replication stage during BTV infection, NS1 is not an essential component but may

65 protein VP7, a normal partner of VP3 during BTV assembly.

66 Genome Seg-2 and Seg-6 group with eastern BTV-3 strains from Japan.

67 rom IND1988/02 belong to the major "eastern" BTV topotype.

68 gies that fit the risk posed by new emerging BTV strains.

69 l component but may play a role in enhancing BTV protein synthesis.

70 strains with large deletions in an essential BTV gene that encodes the VP6 protein (segment S9) of th

71 rd the beginning and the end of the European BTV-8 outbreak.

72 In contrast, we show that the European BTV-8 strain isolated at the beginning of the bluetongue

73 Like those of other members of the family, BTV virions are nonenveloped particles containing two ar

74 The genetically engineered fluorescent BTV particles were observed to enter live cells immediat

75 For BTV these structures are formed as the polymerization pr

76 For BTV we estimate parameters by fitting the model to outbr

77 ome of the key residues that are crucial for BTV core assembly and illustrates how the structure of V

78 , we show that NS4 is a virulence factor for BTV by favoring viral replication in sheep, the animal s

79 cating sugar moiety binding is important for BTV infection.

80 monstrate that CK2 activity is important for BTV replication.

81 be the development of a vaccine platform for BTV.

82 ster resembles that described previously for BTV in Culicoides.

83 These sequence data provide a reference for BTV-1e that will help to define the phylogenetic relatio

84 strains as the next-generation vaccines for BTV.

85 hile co-expressed VP2, VP5, VP7 and VP3 form BTV virus-like particles.

86 For example, co-expressed VP3 and VP7 form BTV core-like particles, while co-expressed VP2, VP5, VP

87 th some other BTV isolates from India (e.g., BTV-3 IND2003/08), providing further evidence of the exi

88 f these virus strains as the next-generation BTV vaccines.

89 Here, BTV infects and disrupts follicular dendritic cells, hin

90 In BTV-infected cells, newly synthesized viral core particl

91 When EGFP-VP3 was expressed in BTV-infected BSR cells, the protein was not associated w

92 onse to a second antigen is also hampered in BTV-infected animals.

93 Transvalvular device lead implantation in BTV patients was not associated with an increased incide

94 e outer capsid, VP2 and VP5, are involved in BTV entry and in the delivery of the transcriptionally a

95 est that the selective packaging observed in BTV may also apply to other members of the Reoviridae fa

96 h the importance of the endocytic pathway in BTV entry has been reported, detailed analyses of entry

97 Our study has shown that reassortment in BTV is very flexible, and there is no fundamental barrie

98 -10 of the BTV genome, fulfills key roles in BTV infection.

99 ificant difference in the incidence of TR in BTV patients with and without transvalvular leads (p = 0

100 strated, for the first time, that individual BTV gene segments evolve independently of one another by

101 a 7-A resolution structure of the infectious BTV virion, including the coat proteins.

102 genetically distant BTV Seg-10/NS3 influence BTV biological properties in a host-specific manner and

103 diversity can be another factor influencing BTV virulence.

104 ed KC cells which is effective in inhibiting BTV infection.

105 lanogaster as a genetic model to investigate BTV-insect interactions that cannot be otherwise address

106 considered an introduction to the U.S. like BTV 2, presents an S3 gene which is highly homologous to

107 rotein 3 (NS3) plays a key role in mediating BTV egress as well as in impeding the in vitro synthesis

108 Using reverse genetics, a modified BTV-1 that expresses the fluorescent mCherry protein fus

109 ility of Seg-10/NS3 differentially modulates BTV replication kinetics in a host-specific manner and h

110 he time taken from the identification of new BTV strains to the development and production of new vac

111 Normally, BTV infection of mammalian cells in culture results in a

112 used to the viral nonstructural protein NS3 (BTV-1/NS3mCherry) was generated.

113 n Culicoides cells and to the attenuation of BTV virulence in a mouse model of disease.

114 The protective capabilities of BTV-1 and BTV-8 DISC viruses were assessed in sheep by c

115 we have co-expressed various combinations of BTV genes in insect cells and produced structures that m

116 ferred method for laboratory confirmation of BTV, a positive serum varicella IgM test result should a

117 l BTV inoculum used to initiate the cycle of BTV infection demonstrated, for the first time, that ind

118 red from sharing of needles, to detection of BTV in the recipient sheep or cattle, was substantially

119 VP2 and NS3 are primary determinants of BTV pathogenesis, but VP1, VP5, VP4, VP6, and VP7 also c

120 to investigate the molecular determinants of BTV virulence, we used a BTV8 strain minimally passaged

121 a result, the three ssRNA-binding domains of BTV nonstructural protein NS2 have been conclusively loc

122 n sheep and cattle, the two natural hosts of BTV.

123 recently published for a Chinese isolate of BTV-16 (>99% nucleotide identity), suggesting a very rec

124 ghly homologous to those of some isolates of BTV 10 and especially to that of the vaccine strain.

125 live virus vaccine, and 18 field isolates of BTV serotypes 10, 11, 13, and 17 obtained in California

126 aphic origins of distinct Indian lineages of BTV-1 as well as their relationships with other BTV stra

127 e cellular pathogenesis and morphogenesis of BTV.

128 The clinical outcome of BTV infection is extremely variable.

129 The clinical outcome of BTV infection is highly variable and dependent on a vari

130 factors influencing the clinical outcome of BTV infection using a single experimental framework.

131 The clinical outcome of BTV infection varies considerably and depends on environ

132 ow NS3 proteins contribute to the outcome of BTV infection.

133 genetic drift during alternating passage of BTV in its ruminant and insect hosts.

134 e that the S3 gene segment of populations of BTV in California is formed by different consensus seque

135 These findings demonstrate the potential of BTV-mediated TLR3 activation in macrophage innate immuni

136 of a membrane envelope, the entry process of BTV is similar in specific lipid requirements to envelop

137 systematically characterized the process of BTV reassortment.

138 Given the propensity of BTV to reassort, it is increasingly important to have an

139 udy, we show that a nonstructural protein of BTV (NS4) is critical to counteract the innate immune re

140 ved safety and efficacy for a broad range of BTV serotypes are currently being developed by different

141 e likely is a consequence of reassortment of BTV gene segments during natural mixed infections of ver

142 a mechanism for lipid factor requirement of BTV.

143 structures that mimic the various stages of BTV assembly.

144 y suggests that the U.S. prototype strain of BTV 13 is a natural reassortant.

145 The prototype strain of BTV 13, which is considered an introduction to the U.S.

146 S3/NS3A genes of a plaque-purified strain of BTV serotype 10 was determined during alternating infect

147 the S3 gene of the U.S. prototype strain of BTV serotype 2 (BTV 2), these viruses had an overall seq

148 Seg-1 to Seg-10) of an Eastern (e) strain of BTV-1.

149 10 genome segments with a vaccine strain of BTV-10 from the United States.

150 /16 group closely with the vaccine strain of BTV-16 (RSAvvvv/16) that was derived from it, as well as

151 and can be regarded as a reference strain of BTV-16e for phylogenetic and molecular epidemiology stud

152 ntire genome sequence of a western strain of BTV-2 isolated in India, indicating that this virus has

153 genes of the five U.S. prototype strains of BTV, the commercially available serotype 10 modified liv

154 individual gene segments of field strains of BTV.

155 ene segments differ between field strains of BTV; thus, we hypothesized that key viral genes undergo

156 ere predicted based on crystal structures of BTV type 10 VP7 molecule targeting the monomer-monomer c

157 ostics and molecular epidemiology studies of BTV-2 in the subcontinent.

158 /16 belongs to the major eastern topotype of BTV (BTV-16e) and can be regarded as a reference strain

159 ll allow visualization of the trafficking of BTV farther downstream in different host cells.

160 We find that around 90% of transmission of BTV between farms is a result of vector dispersal, while

161 microscopy shows that the tissue tropism of BTV-1/NS3mCherry in D. melanogaster resembles that descr

162 s a model for the replication and tropism of BTV.

163 l culture infected with a baculovirus VP4 of BTV serotype 10.

164 nes coding for a structural protein, VP7, of BTV and EHDV were cloned into baculovirus and the recomb

165 fect that this intracellular antibody has on BTV replication.

166 ect of permanent transvenous device leads on BTV function, little is known about the incidence of pro

167 pact of different Seg-10 and NS3 proteins on BTV infection and host interactions.

168 ur study clearly indicates that any BTV-1 or BTV-8 genome segment can be rescued in the heterologous

169 ture, we could not detect wild-type BTV-1 or BTV-8 in any of 140 isolated viral plaques.

170 only occurred 2 years or later after lead or BTV implantation (4 of 5, 80% and 10 of 12, 83%, respect

171 of these sequences to those of the original BTV inoculum used to initiate the cycle of BTV infection

172 In the absence of other BTV proteins, EGFP-VP3 exhibited distinct cytoplasmic fo

173 shows >99% sequence identity with some other BTV isolates from India (e.g., BTV-3 IND2003/08), provid

174 -1 as well as their relationships with other BTV strains from around the world.

175 roteins (VP2 and VP5) of a highly pathogenic BTV-8 with the remaining eight RNA segments of one of th

176 Recombinant BTV VP4 protein was purified to homogeneity from insect

177 mals: as many as 1 in 970 monocytes revealed BTV RNA at peak viremia, compared to <1 in 10(5) monocyt

178 netic analyses segregated the prototype U.S. BTV 2 strain to a unique branch (100% bootstrap value),

179 he virulence of two different BTV serotypes (BTV-8 and BTV-2).

180 V exists as at least 26 different serotypes (BTV-1 to BTV-26).

181 ence were found between divergent serotypes (BTV-8 and BTV-2).

182 st, reverse transcription-in situ PCR showed BTV RNA from both viral serotypes in high numbers of tis

183 Since BTV infects both mammalian and insect cells, the generat

184 e considered to be diagnostic in a suspected BTV case; however, a negative IgM test result cannot be

185 of GMP to the 5' end of in vitro synthesized BTV ssRNA transcripts to form a cap structure.

186 on, we also designed and rescued a synthetic BTV chimera containing a VP2 protein, including regions

187 Here we demonstrate that BTV can be transmitted by needle sharing during subcutan

188 We demonstrate that BTV-1/NS3mCherry is not only replication competent as it

189 Collectively, these findings show that BTV infection is widely distributed during acute infecti

190 Previous phylogenetic comparisons show that BTV RNA sequences cluster according to the geographic or

191 This study shows that BTV virulence is determined by different viral genomic s

192 Our study shows that BTV, similarly to other antigens delivered through the s

193 obtained in this study strongly suggest that BTV NS4 is an IFN antagonist and a key determinant of vi

194 The BTV nonstructural protein NS2 is the major component of

195 illator (n = 6) lead implantation across the BTV was conducted.

196 ever, no data are available to correlate the BTV genotype to virulence.

197 tidine-fenofibrate (at short periods) in the BTV biopiles in respect to NB biopiles, coincident with

198 2-fold symmetry in the inner capsids of the BTV and reovirus cores.

199 protein was expressed in the presence of the BTV core protein VP7, a normal partner of VP3 during BTV

200 NS3, encoded by Seg-10 of the BTV genome, fulfills key roles in BTV infection.

201 ere is a link between the variability of the BTV population as a whole and virulence, and our data al

202 nes was evident after the development of the BTV reverse-genetics system that allows the introduction

203 itopes are present in different areas of the BTV VP2 and likely "bivalent" strains eliciting neutrali

204 e remaining eight RNA segments of one of the BTV-1 DISC viruses.

205 on, viRNA profiles strongly suggest that the BTV dsRNA genome is accessible to a Dicer-type nuclease.

206 In this study, we show that the BTV nonstructural protein NS4 favors viral replication i

207 somes but instead was distributed within the BTV inclusion bodies, where it colocalized with NS2.

208 as at least 26 different serotypes (BTV-1 to BTV-26).

209 alidation for this approach, we selected two BTV-8 synthetic reassortants and demonstrated their abil

210 cell culture, we could not detect wild-type BTV-1 or BTV-8 in any of 140 isolated viral plaques.

211 FN compared to cells infected with wild-type BTV-8.

212 spective review of 58 patients who underwent BTV implantation and subsequently required endocardial p

213 with 265 consecutive patients who underwent BTV implantation without undergoing subsequent transvalv

214 incidence of bioprosthetic tricuspid valve (BTV) regurgitation compared with BTV patients without a

215 vaccinated persons (breakthrough varicella [BTV]) present diagnostic challenges.

216 As Seg-10 sequences from various BTV strains display genetic variability, we assessed the

217 rowns, the latter with a buccal thin veneer (BTV) of 0.5 mm, were fabricated and then sliding-contact

218 al bioaugmentation with Trametes versicolor (BTV-systems) and compared with the effect of autochthono

219 ir ability to protect sheep against virulent BTV-8 challenge.

220 mans and livestock such as bluetongue virus (BTV) (Reoviridae), Oropouche virus (Bunyaviridae), and l

221 Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are

222 We used bluetongue virus (BTV) and its natural sheep host to reveal a previously u

223 framework to outbreaks of bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in Great Britain, bot

224 Here we have used bluetongue virus (BTV) as a model system for this broad family of importan

225 Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes bluetongue, a major hemorrhagic disease of r

226 The bluetongue virus (BTV) core protein VP3 plays a crucial role in the virion

227 surface of the icosahedral bluetongue virus (BTV) core.

228 e replication mechanism of bluetongue virus (BTV) has been studied by an in vivo reverse genetics (RG

229 se genetics technology for bluetongue virus (BTV) has been used in combination with complementing cel

230 , 9 of the 26 serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV) have spread throughout Europe, and serotype 8 has s

231 molecular epidemiology of bluetongue virus (BTV) infection, the genetic characteristics and phylogen

232 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segmented virus an

233 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arbovirus transmitted to livestock by midges

234 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an economically important arbovirus of ruminants

235 The insect-borne Bluetongue virus (BTV) is considered the prototypic Orbivirus, a member of

236 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is endemic in many parts of the world, often causin

237 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of bluetongue, a major infec

238 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the cause of an insect-transmitted virus infecti

239 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the etiological agent of bluetongue (BT), a hemo

240 Bluetongue virus (BTV) is transmitted by blood-feeding insects (Culicoides

241 pping enzyme activities of bluetongue virus (BTV) minor core protein, VP4.

242 duced immunosuppression on bluetongue virus (BTV) pathogenesis as a mechanism for virus persistence a

243 of the reference strain of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 16 (strain RSArrrr/16) was sequenced (a to

244 ian strain (IND1988/02) of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 23 was determined.

245 he segmented RNA genome of bluetongue virus (BTV), a complex nonenveloped virus belonging to the Reov

246 Bluetongue virus (BTV), a member of the Orbivirus genus in the Reoviridae

247 s of large viruses such as bluetongue virus (BTV), a member of the Orbivirus genus within the family

248 Bluetongue virus (BTV), a member of the Orbivirus genus within the Reoviri

249 Bluetongue virus (BTV), a nonenveloped double-stranded RNA virus, is a pot

250 ruminants and is caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), an arbovirus existing in nature in at least 26 dis

251 ase of ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), an arbovirus transmitted by Culicoides.

252 say and cell biology, that bluetongue virus (BTV), an archetypal member of the Reoviridae, utilizes t

253 ruminants and is caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), an arthropod-borne virus transmitted from infected

254 In bluetongue virus (BTV)-infected cells, large cytoplasmic aggregates are fo

255 d by an arbovirus known as bluetongue virus (BTV).

256 he 13 odorants at a 10% breakthrough volume (BTV), was 22.6 +/- 42.3, 0.70 +/- 1.08, and 11.0 +/- 18.

257 tio [TBRmax/TBRmean], biologic tumor volume [BTV], and time-activity curves with minimal time to peak

258 This confirms that western BTV strains have been imported and are circulating withi

259 ome segment 5 belongs to the major "western" BTV topotype, demonstrating that IND1988/02 is a reassor

260 d genetics approach in cells coinfected with BTV-1 and BTV-8, we have shown that reassortants between

261 spid valve (BTV) regurgitation compared with BTV patients without a transvalvular lead.

262 r duration of viraemia for SBV compared with BTV.

263 serum of cattle experimentally infected with BTV and EHDV.

264 des aegypti-derived Aag2 cells infected with BTV or the unrelated Schmallenberg virus resulted in the

265 of greater severity than those infected with BTV-11.

266 Animals infected with BTV-3 had a higher virus burden in monocytes and lesions

267 d was most abundant in animals infected with BTV-3.

268 ssed sheep were infected subcutaneously with BTV serotype 3 (BTV-3), a foreign isolate with unknown p

269 Over the years, BTV serotypes/strains with various degrees of virulence